China zuwa Italiya cikin Kwanaki 12: Shin jigilar kaya ta jirgin ƙasa ta zama ruwan dare?
Gabatarwa
Da ya zama kamar mafarkin jigilar kwantena ta jirgin ƙasa daga Shenzhen zuwa Milan cikin ƙasa da makonni biyu. Yanzu, gaskiya ce ta kasuwanci, kuma tana canza yadda kamfanonin Italiya ke samun kayayyaki daga China. A shekarar 2024, jiragen ƙasa na jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Turai sun yi tafiye-tafiye 19,392 a zagaye, suna ɗauke da kwantena sama da miliyan 2.07 kuma suna samun darajar sufuri ta dala biliyan 66.4. Wannan ya ninka sau 10.4 idan aka kwatanta da tafiye-tafiye 1,702 da aka yi a shekarar 2011, shekarar da aka fara aikin.
Tambayar ba ta nan ko zai yiwu a jigilar kaya ta jirgin ƙasa tsakanin China da Italiya ba. Tambayar ita ce ko zai zama zaɓin da aka saba yi. Da alama amsar ita ce eh ga ƙarin shigo da kaya, musamman waɗanda ke kawo kayan lantarki, kayan mota, yadi, da kayan masarufi masu darajar kuɗi mai yawa. Wannan rubutun ya yi cikakken bayani game da lambobi na gaskiya, hanyoyi da yawa, canjin farashi, da kuma gaskiyar aiki na jigilar kaya ta jirgin ƙasa daga China zuwa Italiya. Hakanan yana ba da shawarwari kan yadda za a yi duk yadda ya kamata.
Farfado da Layin Dogo: Me Ya Canja Kuma Me Ya Sa
Hanyar layin dogo ta China da Turai ba ta zama hanya mai kyau ta jigilar kayayyaki cikin dare ɗaya ba. Ya ɗauki haɗin matsin lamba na siyasa, saka hannun jari a fannin ababen more rayuwa, da kuma buƙatar kasuwa. Rikicin Tekun Bahar Maliya, wanda ya fara ne lokacin da sojojin Houthi suka kai hari kan jiragen ruwan kasuwanci a ƙarshen 2023, wataƙila shine babban dalilin. Jiragen ruwan da suka saba ratsawa ta mashigin Suez dole ne su zagaya Cape of Good Hope maimakon haka. Wannan ya ƙara kimanin kwanaki 14 ga matsakaicin tsawon lokacin tafiya kuma ya sa farashin jigilar kaya na Bahar Maliya ya tashi sosai. Farashin jigilar kaya na FCL zuwa Genoa ya tashi da kashi 25-27% idan aka kwatanta da farkon 2025. Kwantena mai tsawon ƙafa 20 yanzu yana kashe kimanin dala 2,363, kuma kwantena mai tsawon ƙafa 40 yana kashe dala 3,668.
Da wannan a zuciya, muhimmancin jigilar kaya a layin dogo ya bayyana karara. A farkon shekarar 2026, yin rajistar jiragen kasa a hanyoyin China-Turai ya karu da kashi 40% yayin da masu jigilar kaya ke neman wasu zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda ke ba da tagogi masu inganci. Tsawon lokacin jigilar jiragen kasa na kwanaki 18 zuwa 25 idan aka kwatanta da kwanaki 40 zuwa 45 na yanzu a cikin teku babban fa'ida ne, musamman ga kamfanonin da ke rage yawan kayayyakinsu.
Shirin Belt and Road ya kashe biliyoyin kuɗi kan kayayyakin more rayuwa na layin dogo a Tsakiyar Asiya da Gabashin Turai. Tun daga shekarar 2016, ya ƙara ƙarfin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda biyar na China—Alashankou, Horgos, Erenhot, Manzhouli, da Suifenhe—da kashi 45%. Tsarin hidimar jigilar kaya na 95306 ya sanya takardu na dijital kafin a fara jigilar su, wanda ya haɓaka sarrafa kwastam da adadi mai yawa. Zuwa watan Yunin 2025, jiragen ƙasa na jigilar kaya na China da Turai sun yi tafiye-tafiye sama da 110,000, inda kayayyaki suka kai darajar sama da dala biliyan 450.
Yaya Saurin Yake Da Sauri? Fahimtar Da'awar Kwanaki 12
Akwai ƙarin bayani a cikin labaran da ke bayan kanun labarai game da tafiya ta kwanaki 12 daga China zuwa Italiya. Idan komai ya tafi daidai - tashi daga Chengdu ko Xi'an, ketare kan iyaka cikin sauƙi, rashin cunkoson ababen hawa a Malaszewicze a Poland, da kuma samun jigilar manyan motoci cikin sauri daga cibiyar kamar Duisburg ko Milan - fakitin jirgin ƙasa na iya ɗaukar har zuwa kwanaki 12. Amma saurin jigilar jiragen ƙasa tsakanin China da Italiya shine kwanaki 18 zuwa 25, ya danganta da birnin da aka fito, hanyar da aka bi, da kuma lokacin shekara.
Hanyar arewa ta Poland da Rasha zuwa Jamus har yanzu ita ce mafi sauri kuma mafi shahara. Tafiyar daga Xi'an zuwa Malaszewicze tana ɗaukar kwanaki 12 zuwa 14. Tafiyar daga Chongqing zuwa Duisburg tana ɗaukar kwanaki 16 zuwa 18 a matsakaici, koda kuwa akwai jinkiri a kan iyaka. Da zarar kaya sun isa Duisburg, wanda ke samun kusan kashi 29% na dukkan jiragen ƙasa na China da EU, tuƙa su zuwa Milan, Turin, ko Bologna yawanci yana ɗaukar kwanaki 1-2 ne kawai. Hanyar tsakiyar ta ratsa Kazakhstan, Tekun Caspian, Azerbaijan, Georgia, da Turkiyya, kuma ba ta ratsa Rasha kwata-kwata. Duk da haka, yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo a yanzu. Yawanci, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 20 zuwa 25 kafin a tashi daga Xi'an zuwa Istanbul, amma a shekarar 2025, an sami jinkiri a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Aktau wanda ya sa wasu jigilar kaya suka ɗauki fiye da wata ɗaya.
Kwatanta Yanayin Jigilar Kaya: China zuwa Italiya
| yanayin | Lokacin wucewa | Kudin (ƙafa 40/FCL) | aMINCI | Mafi kyawun | CO₂ vs Iska |
| Jirgin ruwa Freight | Kwana 30-45* | $3,668 (40ft) | Medium | Babban girma, ƙananan gaggawa | - |
| Jirgin Ruwa | 18-25 kwanaki | $ 5,000- $ 7,000 | high | Tsakanin darajar, mai saurin lokaci | 1 / 15th |
| Jirgin Kaya | 5-8 kwanaki | $8-$12/kg | Very High | Babban darajar, gaggawa | baseline |
* Sufurin jigilar kaya a teku a ƙarƙashin hanyar Cape of Good Hope ta yanzu. Majiyoyi: bayanan masana'antu Afrilu 2026.
Zaɓuɓɓukan Hanya: Layin Arewa, Tsakiya, da Kudancin
Masu shigo da kaya daga Italiya suna da manyan hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa guda uku da za su zaɓa daga ciki. Kowannensu yana da nasa fa'idodi da rashin amfani idan ana maganar gudu, farashi, da kuma haɗarin siyasa.
Hanyar da ke ratsa iyakar Malaszewicze/Brest a Rasha da Belarus ita ce hanyar arewa da ke ɗauke da kashi 88.6% na dukkan jigilar jiragen ƙasa zuwa yamma daga China zuwa Turai. Ita ce hanya mafi aminci ga masu jigilar kaya waɗanda ke son sauri da daidaito saboda kayayyakin more rayuwa suna da kyau. Babban haɗarin shine yanayin ƙasa: ci gaba da rikici da Rasha ya sa wasu masu jigilar kaya ke neman wasu zaɓuɓɓuka, kuma takunkumin da Rasha ta sanya wa wasu nau'ikan kayayyaki a watan Oktoban 2024 ya sa hanyoyin zirga-zirga su fi wahala.
Hanyar tsakiyar, wadda aka fi sani da hanyar sufuri ta duniya ta Trans-Caspian, ta shahara sosai. Turkiyya, Azerbaijan, da Uzbekistan kaɗan ne daga cikin ƙasashen da suka saka kuɗi a cikin kayayyakin more rayuwa. Turkiyya wuri ne na shiga cikin Bahar Rum ga masu shigo da kaya daga Italiya, wanda hakan ya sa wannan hanyar ta zama mai ma'ana daga mahangar yanayi. Kuɗi ya fi ($5,000–$7,000 a kowace kwantenar ƙafa 40 maimakon $4,000–$6,000 a kan hanyar arewa), kuma matsalolin ɗaukar kaya a tashar jiragen ruwa a Aktau har yanzu babbar matsala ce a shekarar 2025. Amma ga kayan da ba za su iya wucewa ta Rasha ba saboda dalilai na siyasa, na shari'a, ko na inshora, ita ce mafi kyawun zaɓi.
Yawancin masu jigilar kaya na kasuwanci suna zaɓar hanyar kudu ta hanyar Iran da Turkiyya a matsayin mafita ta ƙarshe saboda ta fi tsayi kuma tana da ƙarin ƙa'idodi da za a bi. Jinkirin lokaci-lokaci yana sa ya yi wuya a yi hasashen tsawon lokacin da za a ɗauka kafin a sami kayayyaki masu saurin ɗaukar lokaci.
Kwatanta Hanyar Kaya ta Jirgin Ƙasa ta China da Italiya
| road | Maɓallin Hanya | Lokacin wucewa | Farashin (40ft) | Matsayin Hadarin |
| Hanyar Arewa | China→Rasha→Poland→Jamus→Italiya | 18-22 kwanaki | $ 4,000- $ 6,000 | Medium |
| Hanyar Tsakiya | China→Kazakhstan→Caspian→Turkiyya→Italiya | 22-30 kwanaki | $ 5,000- $ 7,000 | Ƙasa (babu Rasha) |
| Hanyar Kudu | China→Asiya ta Tsakiya→Iran→Turkiyya→Italiya | 25-35 kwanaki | $ 5,500- $ 8,000 | Mafi girma |
Majiyoyi: FreytWorld / Binciken jigilar kaya na Topway, Afrilu 2026.
Daidaito na Ainihin Kuɗi: Jirgin Ƙasa da Teku da Sama
Mutane yawanci suna sauƙaƙa abubuwa idan suka kwatanta farashin jirgin ƙasa da na jigilar kaya ta teku. Kwatancen farashin kanun labarai ya nuna cewa teku ita ce ta fi cin nasara: $3,668 ga kwantenar ƙafa 40 idan aka kwatanta da $5,000 zuwa $7,000 ga jirgin ƙasa. Amma wannan hanyar kallon ta ba ta barin wasu kuɗaɗen gaske da ke sa rashin daidaito ya ragu sosai.
Kowace rana da aka ƙara wa kwantena a cikin sufuri tana kashe kuɗi. Idan fakitin $100,000 ya zauna a kan teku na tsawon kwanaki 45 maimakon a kan motar jirgin ƙasa na tsawon kwanaki 22, bambancin kuɗin da ake kashewa yana da mahimmanci. Jimillar kuɗin saukar jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa ya fara zama ƙasa da kyau idan aka ƙara kuɗin inshorar da ke haɗarin yaƙi wanda ya tashi tun bayan rikicin Tekun Bahar Maliya (daga kusan 0.07% zuwa sama da kashi 2% na darajar jirgin) da buƙatun ajiyar kaya don kariya daga jinkiri da ba za a iya annabta ba.
A gefe guda kuma, jigilar kaya ta jirgin ƙasa tana sanar da ku nawa zai kashe. Farashin ba ya canzawa kamar yadda farashin mai ke ƙaruwa ko raguwa, kuma ƙarin kuɗin ya fi daidaito. Ga jigilar kaya ta LCL, farashin jirgin ƙasa na $100–$350 a kowace CBM yana da matuƙar gasa ga kayan da ba su da girma sosai. Idan kuna sayar da abubuwan da ke da ɗan gajeren lokaci don sayarwa, kamar tufafi na yanayi, kayan lantarki na talla, ko sassan layin samarwa, kuɗin zuwa can a makare wani lokacin yana da yawa fiye da bambancin farashi a kowace kwantenar.
Jirgin sama har yanzu shine mafi sauri madadin, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 5 zuwa 8, amma farashin dala 8 zuwa 12 a kowace kilogiram ya sa ya yi tsada ga yawancin kasuwanci. Jirgin ƙasa yana cikin yanayi mai kyau: yana kashe kusan kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na iska kuma yana ɗaukar kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na tsawon teku. Haɗakar carbon da ke cikinsa shine kashi ɗaya bisa goma sha biyar na jigilar iska da kuma kashi ɗaya bisa bakwai na jigilar hanya. Wannan yana ƙara zama mahimmanci yayin da masu shigo da kaya na EU dole ne su ba da rahoto game da ayyukansu na muhalli, zamantakewa, da shugabanci (ESG) sosai.
Wadanne Kayayyaki ne Ke Tafiya da Kyau ta Jirgin Kasa?
Jirgin ƙasa tsakanin China da Italiya ba koyaushe shine mafi kyawun zaɓi ga kowane nau'in kaya ba. Masu shigo da kaya na iya yin zaɓi mafi kyau game da yadda ake jigilar kayayyaki idan sun san inda yake ƙara daraja.
Kayan lantarki da sassa suna daga cikin mafi kyawun misalai na yadda ake amfani da su. Gajerun lokutan sufuri sun cancanci a biya su saboda yawan ƙima da kuma buƙatar yin tunani game da tsawon lokacin shiryawa, kamar zagayowar sabbin samfura da abubuwan da suka lalace. Jigilar wayar salula da ta isa can cikin kwanaki 20 da sauri fiye da ta teku na iya kawo bambanci tsakanin ƙaddamar da samfura da kuma rasa su.
Sassan motoci da sassan injina yanzu suna cikin nau'ikan kayan da suka fi saurin girma a jirgin ƙasa na China-Turai. A shekarar 2024, motoci da sassan motoci sun ƙunshi babban ɓangare na kashi 60% ko fiye na kayayyaki masu daraja da aka fitar. Masana'antar masana'antu ta Italiya, wacce ta haɗa da komai daga motoci zuwa kayan aikin masana'antu, tana samun sassa daga kamfanonin China waɗanda ke aiki a kan ƙayyadadden lokacin da aka ƙayyade, don haka tagogi masu inganci na jigilar kaya suna da matuƙar muhimmanci.
Yadi, kayan daki, da sauran kayan masarufi sun fi rikitarwa. Ga manyan kayayyaki masu ƙarancin ƙima kamar sofas ko kayan ado masu yawa, ƙarin kuɗin jigilar kaya ta teku bazai yi daidai ba. Amma ga kayan daki masu tsada don sake cika ɗakin nunin kaya, kayayyaki masu alamar kasuwanci tare da tagogi masu sauƙin shigowa, ko tufafi masu tsada ko na zamani, saurin jirgin ƙasa na iya yin babban canji a kasuwanci. Ko da ƙananan masu shigo da kaya waɗanda ba za su iya ɗaukar cikakken akwati ba za su iya amfani da jirgin ƙasa godiya ga ayyukan haɗin gwiwa na LCL.
Kayayyaki masu haɗari waɗanda ke da ƙa'idodi na musamman na hanya, kayayyakin da ake buƙatar a ajiye su a sanyi (tare da ƙarancin kayan aikin jirgin ƙasa mai sanyaya), da kuma jigilar kayayyaki masu yawan gaske inda farashin kowace naúrar shine mafi mahimmanci su ne wasu misalan kayayyaki waɗanda ba su dace da jirgin ƙasa ba. Jirgin ruwa har yanzu yana da mafi girman ƙarfin jigilar kaya ga waɗannan.
Adadin Kasuwa: Ina Wannan Yake Nufi?
Babu shakka tsarin jigilar kayayyaki na jirgin ƙasa tsakanin China da Turai yana ƙaruwa. Kasuwar ta kai darajar dala biliyan 16 a shekarar 2025 kuma ana sa ran za ta kai dala biliyan 31.44 nan da shekarar 2030, wanda hakan ke nuna karuwar kashi 14.46% a kowace shekara. Wannan ci gaban ba wai kawai ya faru ne saboda matsalolin da ke cikin Tekun Bahar Maliya ba; har ma saboda manyan canje-canje a yadda ake kafa hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki a duniya.
Hanyar layin dogo ta ƙasa a China ta kai kilomita 162,000 a watan Fabrairun 2025. Har yanzu ana ci gaba da zuba jari a fannin ababen more rayuwa na Belt and Road, wanda hakan ke sa lokacin tafiya ya yi gajere kuma ya fi girma. An kiyasta cewa layin dogo na China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan da aka tsara, wanda zai kashe kimanin dala biliyan 8 don ginawa, zai rage lokacin jigilar kaya da kwanaki 7 zuwa 8 da zarar an fara aiki da shi. Ƙarfin musayar jiragen ƙasa na yau da kullun a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na kan iyaka a halin yanzu yana da musayar jiragen ƙasa 184 a kowace rana a duk manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa shida na yamma da arewa na China. Wannan ya nuna karuwar kashi 45% idan aka kwatanta da matakan 2016.
Kayayyakin Jirgin Ƙasa na China da Turai: Muhimman Kididdigar Kasuwa
| tsarin awo | 2024 Bayanai | 2030 Hasashen |
| Jimlar tafiye-tafiyen jirgin ƙasa tsakanin China da Turai/shekara | 19,392 | ~35,000+ |
| Darajar sufuri ta shekara-shekara | $ 66.4 biliyan | An kiyasta dala biliyan 120+ |
| Girman kasuwa (jigilar jirgin ƙasa) | ~ $ 16 biliyan | Dala biliyan 31.44 (CAGR 14.46%) |
| Birane da aka haɗa a Turai | Birane 227 / Kasashe 25 | Fadada |
| Jimlar tafiye-tafiye tun daga shekarar 2011 (jimla) | 110,000+ (kamar yadda yake a watan Yunin 2025) | - |
Majiyoyi: Jaridar People's Daily, Majalisar Jiha ta China, Ma'aunin SeaRates ERA, da kuma nazarin Topway Shipping.
Ƙananan masu shigo da kaya suna ɗaukar tsarin dijital cikin sauri. Bin diddigin kaya a ainihin lokaci, tsarin takardu na blockchain, da dandamalin dijital kafin a share su suna sauƙaƙa wa kamfanoni ba tare da ƙungiyoyin jigilar kaya na musamman su yi amfani da layin dogo ba, wanda a da yake da wahala a gare su. Dandalin 95306 ya riga ya nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a inganta ingancin share kwastam a babban sikelin.
Abubuwan da Za a Yi La'akari da Su: Kwastam, Takardu, da Mako na Ƙarshe
Babban bambanci tsakanin jigilar jiragen ƙasa tsakanin China da Italiya da jigilar kaya ta teku shine yadda kwastam ke da sarkakiya. Jigilar kaya ta ratsa ƙasashe daban-daban, ciki har da China, Kazakhstan, Rasha, Poland, Turkiyya, Jamus, kuma a ƙarshe Italiya. Kowace daga cikin waɗannan ƙasashe tana da ƙa'idojinta game da takaddun da ake buƙata. Takardun jigilar kwastam na T1, takardun CMR, da takaddun asali na EUR.1 duk ƙa'idodi ne gama gari. Idan akwai kurakurai a cikin ɗayansu, yana iya haifar da jinkiri a kan iyaka.
Hukumar Agenzia delle Dogane ce ke kula da kwastam a Italiya. Tana kula da jigilar jiragen ƙasa da galibi ke shigowa ta tashoshin jiragen ƙasa a Milan, Verona, da Bologna. Ba abin jin daɗi ba ne a yi aiki da mai jigilar kaya wanda ke da ƙwarewa a fannin jigilar kaya ta jiragen ƙasa na Italiya, ba wai kawai jigilar kaya ta jiragen ruwa ba. Shigar da takardu kafin a yi jigilar kaya, wanda ke nufin aika takardu kafin jirgin ya isa wurin, yana ƙara zama ruwan dare kuma yana rage lokacin zama a tashar jiragen ruwa da yawa.
Isasshen jirgin ƙasa na mil na ƙarshe a Italiya yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Lokacin da jigilar kaya ta jirgin ƙasa ta isa Duisburg, Jamus, yana buƙatar a kai shi babban mota zuwa inda zai je, wanda yawanci birni ne a arewacin Italiya. Wannan yana ɗaukar kwana 1 zuwa 2. Kayan da ke zuwa ta hanyar Turkiyya-Italiya ta kan tudu suna da buƙatun jigilar kaya daban-daban don isa inda zai je. Yawanci yana amfani da ayyukan jirgin ruwa na juyawa/juyawa a faɗin Adriatic. 'Yan kasuwa waɗanda ke gaya wa abokan cinikinsu lokacin da jigilar kaya za ta iso ya kamata su haɗa lokutan ƙarshe a cikin kimantawar jigilar su don guje wa abubuwan ban mamaki.
Yadda Jirgin Sama na Topway ke Taimakawa Jigilar Kaya ta Jirgin Ƙasa tsakanin China da Italiya
Yin rajistar wuri a cikin jirgin ƙasa bai isa ya kai jigilar jigilar jiragen ƙasa tsakanin China da Italiya inda ya kamata ba. Yana buƙatar abokin hulɗa na dabaru wanda zai iya sarrafa komai tun daga farko har ƙarshe, ya san dokokin kwastam a wurare da yawa, kuma yana iya canzawa tare da zamani.
Kamfanin Topway Shipping, wanda ke Shenzhen kuma yana aiki tun daga shekarar 2010, ya tsara kasuwancinsa bisa ga waɗannan buƙatu. Kamfanin Topway yana da ƙungiyar da ta kafa kamfanin tare da fiye da shekaru 15 na ƙwarewa a fannin jigilar kayayyaki da kuma kwastam na ƙasashen duniya. Wannan ya ba kamfanin cikakken ilimin da ya shafi ɗaya daga cikin fannoni mafi rikitarwa na jigilar kayayyaki. Ƙungiyar tana kula da dukkan hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki, tun daga jigilar kayayyaki daga masana'antun da ke faɗin China zuwa rumbunan ajiya na ƙasashen waje, kwastam a ƙasashe da yawa, da kuma isar da kayayyaki ga masu siyan Italiya a matakin ƙarshe.
Topway tana ba da ayyukan haɗa LCL ga masu shigo da kaya waɗanda ba sa buƙatar cikakken kwantena na jirgin ƙasa. Wannan yana ba ƙungiyoyi damar jigilar kaya daga ƙaramin mita mai siffar cubic ba tare da biyan kuɗin sararin da ba sa amfani da shi ba. Kamfanin yana ba da mafita mai sassauƙa na FCL akan hanyoyin jigilar kaya na jirgin ƙasa da na teku ga manyan masu jigilar kaya. Wannan yana ba abokan ciniki damar zaɓar mafi kyawun hanyar sufuri bisa ga yanayin farashi na yanzu, buƙatun lokacin jigilar kaya, da halayen kaya. Topway kuma yana ba da ayyukan jigilar kaya na teku daga China zuwa manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a duniya, kamar Genoa da Venice. Wannan yana ba abokan ciniki sassauci na gaske na hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban maimakon hanya ɗaya kawai ta sufuri.
A duniyar yau, lokacin da farashin teku ke canzawa sosai kuma buƙatar layin dogo ta kai kololuwa, mu'amala da mai jigilar kaya wanda zai iya gaya muku gaskiya wane yanayi ne ya fi dacewa da jigilar kaya babban fa'ida ne akan kawai yin zaɓi ɗaya. Topway tana da kyakkyawan tarihi a kan hanyoyin jiragen ruwa da layin dogo, kuma ta san yadda ake share kwastam a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Italiya da cibiyoyin jiragen ƙasa na Turai. Wannan ya sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi ga kamfanonin da ke son gina sarkar samar da kayayyaki tsakanin China da Italiya.
Kammalawa
A cikin 'yan shekaru kaɗan, jigilar kayayyaki tsakanin China da Italiya ta koma daga zaɓi na musamman zuwa hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita don jigilar kayayyaki. Katsewar Tekun Bahar Maliya, saka hannun jari a fannin ababen more rayuwa na Belt da Road, da ci gaban fasahar zamani a fannin sarrafa kwastam duk sun sa ya zama dole a sami jigilar kaya na kwanaki 12 ko kuma jigilar kaya mai inganci na kwanaki 18-22. Nan da shekarar 2030, ana kiyasta cewa kasuwa za ta ninka darajarta sau biyu, kuma hanyar saka hannun jari a fannin kayayyakin more rayuwa ta yi hasashen cewa lokutan sufuri za su ci gaba da raguwa.
Duk da haka, jigilar jiragen ƙasa ba ita ce hanya mafi kyau ta jigilar komai ba. Jiragen ruwa har yanzu su ne mafi kyawun wuri don jigilar kaya masu yawa. Ƙananan fakiti waɗanda suke da gaggawa har yanzu suna tashi. Amma ga hauhawar matsakaitan kayayyaki—kayayyaki masu matsakaicin daraja, cikawa mai sauƙin lokaci, da sassan da ke ciyar da layukan masana'antu na Italiya—jirgin ƙasa yana cikin matsayi mai ƙarfi wanda jigilar kaya ta teku ba za ta iya daidaitawa da inganci ba kuma jigilar iska ba za ta iya daidaitawa da farashi ba.
Masu shigo da kaya daga Italiya waɗanda ba su yi zurfin bincike kan jigilar jiragen ƙasa daga China ba sun rasa zaɓuɓɓuka. Mutanen da suka yi tunani a kai a baya suna tambaya, "Ta yaya za mu sanya jirgin ƙasa ya zama wani ɓangare na tsarin samar da kayayyaki na yau da kullun?" Sabon tsarin da aka saba gani ya riga ya zo.
FAQs
T: Har yaushe jigilar jirgin ƙasa daga China zuwa Italiya take ɗauka?
A: Ga yawancin jigilar kaya, tsawon lokacin aiki shine kwanaki 18 zuwa 25. Lambar "kwanaki 12" gaskiya ne kawai lokacin da komai ya yi daidai: nisan daga asali zuwa kan iyaka ya yi gajere, babu zirga-zirga a Malaszewicze, kuma cibiyar Turai tana da alaƙa sosai. Idan ka tsara tagogi na isar da kaya don kasuwancinka, yi shirin kwanaki 20 zuwa 22.
T: Shin jigilar jiragen ƙasa ta fi rahusa fiye da jigilar ruwa?
A: Farashin kanun labarai na jirgin ƙasa (kimanin $5,000 zuwa $7,000 a kowace akwati mai tsawon ƙafa 40) ya fi na yanzu farashin jiragen ruwa. Amma idan aka ƙara ƙarancin kuɗin inshora, ƙarancin kuɗin jigilar kaya, da ƙarancin buƙatun hannun jari, jimillar kuɗin saukar jirgin ƙasa yawanci ya fi gasa fiye da yadda yake a da, musamman ga kayayyaki da ake buƙatar a kawo su da sauri.
T: Waɗanne kayayyaki ne suka fi dacewa da jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Italiya?
A: Kayan lantarki, kayan mota, kayan injina, yadi, da kayan masarufi masu matsakaicin daraja duk zaɓuɓɓuka ne masu karɓuwa. Jirgin ruwa yawanci shine zaɓi mafi kyau ga kayayyaki masu nauyi da ƙarancin daraja.
T: Shin ina buƙatar na'urar jigilar kaya don jigilar kaya ta jirgin ƙasa, ko zan iya yin booking kai tsaye?
A: Ana ba da shawarar sosai ka yi aiki da mai jigilar kaya wanda ke da ƙwarewa sosai. Kayayyakin jirgin ƙasa suna ratsa yankin kwastam fiye da ɗaya, kuma kowannensu yana da nasa ƙa'idodin takardu. Mai jigilar kaya kamar Topway Shipping yana kula da shigar da takardu kafin a amince da su, jigilar kaya zuwa kan iyakoki, da kuma daidaita mil na ƙarshe. Wannan yana rage yiwuwar jinkiri mai tsada sosai.
T: Menene bambanci tsakanin hanyar arewa da kuma hanyar tsakiya ta jigilar kaya zuwa Italiya?
A: Hanyar arewa ta ratsa Rasha da Poland ta yi gajeru (kwanaki 18-22) kuma ta yi arha ($4,000–$6,000), amma kuma ta fi haɗari daga mahangar siyasa. Hanyar tsakiya ta Kazakhstan, Tekun Caspian, da Turkiyya ba ta da Rasha kuma ta fi aminci a siyasance, amma tana ɗaukar ƙarin kwanaki 4 zuwa 8 kuma tana da tsada sosai. Yawancin jiragen ruwa har yanzu suna amfani da hanyar arewa, amma hanyar tsakiya tana ƙaruwa da sauri.
