Introduction
Lub Chaw Nres Nkoj Portland's Terminal 6 yog ib qho chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tab sis feem ntau tsis nkag siab, nkag mus rau hauv lub tebchaws rau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj uas tau txais khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab xa mus rau Pacific Northwest. Nws yog ib qho chaw loj 202-acre nyob 100 mais ntawm Columbia River ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific. Xyoo 2024, Terminal 6 pom qhov nruab nrab ntawm $ 2.6 billion tus nqi ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj, nrog rau rooj tog, log tsheb, khob iav, thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau cov neeg siv khoom yog qhov feem ntau. Txawm tias lub chaw nres nkoj muaj nws cov txiaj ntsig, cov neeg xa khoom ntawm txhua qhov loj me tab tom ua tib yam yuam kev uas yuav tsum tau zam.
Muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev hauv kev lag luam ntawm Tuam Tshoj-Tebchaws Meskas. Thaum nws los txog rau cov se, cov se rau cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau hloov pauv ntau heev. Lawv tau mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 145% ua ntej muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tswj hwm uas ua rau lawv poob qis. Piv txwv li, daim ntawv cog lus ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Trump thiab Xi thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2025 tau txuas ntxiv Tshooj 301 kev zam mus txog Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2026. Ntawm sab chaw nres nkoj, Terminal 6 tau dhau los ntawm ntau xyoo ntawm teeb meem nyiaj txiag. Tab sis thaum Lub Cuaj Hli 2025, daim ntawv cog lus keeb kwm nrog Harbor Industrial Services tau lees paub yav tom ntej ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg ua lub chaw khaws khoom ntim khoom ntiag tug, nrog $ 20 lab hauv kev txhawb nqa peev los ntawm lub xeev Oregon.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tus nqi ntawm kev ua yuam kev nrog koj cov txheej txheem xa khoom tuaj yeej tsis tau siab dua, thiab qhov khoom plig rau kev ua nws zoo yeej tsis tau loj dua. Phau ntawv qhia no qhia koj txog qhov yuam kev feem ntau thiab kim tshaj plaws uas cov neeg xa khoom tuaj ua thaum xa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Portland, nrog rau cov lus qhia meej thiab muaj txiaj ntsig txog yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv lawv.
Ua Haujlwm Nrog Cov Kev Xav Txog Lub Chaw Nres Nkoj 6 Uas Tsis Tau Siv Lawm
Muaj ntau tus neeg xa khoom tuaj rau ntawm Chaw Nres Nkoj Portland nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj hnub nyoog ob lossis peb xyoos. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem loj vim tias chaw nres nkoj tau hloov pauv ntau heev rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Terminal 6 yog tib lub chaw nres nkoj thoob ntiaj teb uas ua haujlwm hauv Oregon. Nws keeb kwm dhau kaum xyoo dhau los tau muaj kev kub ntxhov heev uas cov kev xav qub tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xaiv tsis zoo txog txoj kev, teem sijhawm, thiab kev xaiv cov neeg thauj khoom.
Keeb kwm uas tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lub Chaw Nres Nkoj 6 tau poob yuav luag $ 14 lab hauv nws lub xyoo nyiaj txiag tsis ntev los no, uas tau xaus rau lub Xya Hli 2025. Qhov no yog qhov phem dua li qhov xav tau. Cov ntim thawv kuj tau poob ntau ntawm lawv qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv xyoo 2022, thaum lawv nyob ib puag ncig 170,000 nees nkaum ko taw sib npaug. Lub Chaw Nres Nkoj tus kheej txoj kev npaj ua lag luam hais tias lub chaw nres nkoj yuav tsum tau tuav txog ob npaug ntawm ntau TEUs txhua xyoo kom ruaj khov nyiaj txiag. Tam sim no, nws ua tiav txog 50,000 txog 60,000 TEUs ib xyoos. Ntau yam kev pab los ntawm lub xeev ua rau qhov kev hloov pauv ua tau. Lub koom haum tsim cai lij choj Oregon tau muab $ 20 lab rau kev txhim kho peev hauv lub rooj sib tham xyoo 2025, thiab Thawj Kav Tebchaws Kotek tau muab nyiaj ntau dua los ua kom kev ua haujlwm mus ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv.
Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2025, Harbor Industrial Services, uas tau khiav cranes thiab stevedoring ntawm T6 txij li xyoo 2014, yuav yog tus neeg ua haujlwm ntev ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Qhov no yog cov qauv xauj tsev ib txwm muaj ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj thoob plaws lub tebchaws. Qhov kev hloov pauv no txhais tau tias muaj kev ruaj khov tiag tiag tom qab ntau xyoo tsis paub tias yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Lub SM Line thiab Mediterranean Shipping Company yog tib lub tuam txhab uas tam sim no pabcuam Portland. Harbor tab tom ua haujlwm hnyav kom tau txais ntau tus neeg thauj khoom thiab nce ntim. Rau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj, qhov no txhais tau tias T6 qhib, khiav, thiab npaj txhij los sib tw. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tshawb xyuas ncaj qha nrog koj tus neeg xa khoom txog cov sijhawm tam sim no ntawm lub nkoj thiab cov zaus pabcuam ua ntej ua cov phiaj xwm xa khoom, vim tias kev sib xyaw ntawm cov neeg thauj khoom thiab lub qhov rais caij nkoj feem ntau hloov pauv.
Xam Koj Cov Nqi Them Tag Nrho Tsis Yog
Ob peb xyoos dhau los no, qhov yuam kev loj tshaj plaws uas ua rau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj hauv Suav teb raug nqi ntau tshaj plaws yog kev nkag mus rau hauv daim ntawv xaj yuav khoom yam tsis muaj tus qauv se tag nrho. Cov qauv se rau cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Suav teb hauv xyoo 2025 yog ntau txheej thiab tsis ruaj khov, yog li xav tias nws yog ib tus lej teeb tsa yuav ua rau koj cov nyiaj tau los poob qis.
Txij li thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2025 thiab mus txog rau xyoo 2026, cov nqi se rau cov khoom lag luam Suav feem ntau suav nrog tus nqi se ntawm Lub Tebchaws Uas Nyiam Tshaj Plaws (MFN) rau pawg khoom tshwj xeeb, cov nqi se ntxiv ntawm Tshooj 301 uas tau muaj txij li xyoo 2018 (tam sim no txuas ntxiv mus txog rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2026 rau cov khoom lag luam uas muaj kev zam tom qab daim ntawv cog lus Trump-Xi thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1, 2025), tus nqi se ntsig txog fentanyl 10% uas tau txo qis los ntawm 20% ua ib feem ntawm cov lus txib ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2025, thiab tus nqi se sib pauv 10% txuas ntxiv mus txog rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2026. Cov txheej no tsim ua ke rau ntau yam khoom lag luam Suav, uas txhais tau tias tag nrho cov nqi se ua tau zoo yuav ntau dua 55% ua ntej koj ntxiv rau hauv cov nqi tiv thaiv kev pov tseg lossis cov nqi rov qab (AD/CVD).
Tej yam muaj kev pheej hmoo loj hlob ntawm AD/CVD. Rau qee lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, cov khoom siv hlau, cov khoom siv rooj tog, thiab cov log tsheb, cov ntsuas tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem siab txog 300% lossis ntau dua. Lawv tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam tom qab qhov tseeb, thiab tus neeg xa khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, tsis yog tus neeg Suav, yog tus lav ris tag nrho raws li txoj cai. Ntau tus neeg xa khoom tsis paub txog lawv qhov kev pheej hmoo AD/CVD kom txog thaum lawv cov khoom tau dhau kev lis kev cai lawm. Lub sijhawm ntawd, lawv cov kev xaiv raug txwv thiab kim heev. Ua ntej txhua qhov kev txiav txim yuav khoom raug lees paub, tsis yog tom qab cov khoom xa tuaj, koj yuav tsum khiav tus qauv them nqi tag nrho.
| Cov khoom siv kos duab | Tsawg kawg nkaus | Kev kwv yees siab | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tus nqi khoom (FOB Tuam Tshoj) | $10,000 | $10,000 | Piv txwv li qauv |
| Dej hiav txwv Freight (LCL) | $800 | $1,600 | Kev hloov raws caij nyoog |
| Kev Tswj Chaw Nres Nkoj & Kev Thauj Khoom (T6) | $350 | $750 | Chaw nres tsheb mus rau lub tsev rau khoom |
| Lub Luag Haujlwm MFN (txawv) | $0 | $700 | Khoom-nyob |
| Tshooj 301 Tus Nqi (25%+) | $2,500 | $2,500 | Feem ntau cov khoom; nyob ntawm daim ntawv teev npe |
| Fentanyl / Ntxiv rau kev sib pauv | $1,000 | $2,000 | Kwv yees li 10–20% ua ke |
| AD/CVD (yog siv tau) | $0 | $ 30,000 + | Tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom |
| Kev lis kev cai Brokerage | $250 | $650 | Ib qho kev nkag mus raws cai |
| Kev Thauj Khoom Hauv Tebchaws (OR / WA) | $400 | $950 | Tsheb thauj khoom los yog Union Pacific rail |
| Kev Tiv Thaiv Tsis Tau (10%) | $1,530 | $4,915 | Pom zoo heev |
| Kwv yees Tus Nqi Tag Nrho Rau Kev Tso Cai | $16,830 | $ 54,065 + | Ntau yam vim yog AD/CVD |
* Tus nqi se yuav hloov pauv. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau teem caij, nrog tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lis kev cai uas tau tso cai los xyuas kom meej tias tus nqi tseem zoo ib yam.
Ib txoj hauv kev uas tib neeg feem ntau tsis nco qab ua yog saib seb koj tus lej HTS puas yog ib feem ntawm cov kev zam ntawm Tshooj 301. Tom qab daim ntawv cog lus Trump-Xi thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2025, 178 cov khoom tsis suav nrog uas yuav tas sij hawm tau txuas ntxiv mus txog Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 10, 2026. Koj tuaj yeem them se uas koj tsis raug cai yog tias koj cov khoom poob rau hauv cov pawg ntawd. Tus neeg ua haujlwm lis kev cai uas tau tso cai tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kuaj xyuas no sai, thiab feem ntau nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo.
Tsis muaj los yog tsis ua raws li daim ntawv thov ISF
Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm Tus Neeg Xa Khoom Tuaj, feem ntau hu ua "10 + 2," yuav tsum mus txog CBP tsawg kawg 24 teev ua ntej koj lub nkoj tuaj tos cov khoom ntawm chaw nres nkoj Suav teb. Nws tsis yog kev ua raws cai. Yog tias koj xa koj daim ntawv ISF lig, tsis xa li, lossis nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug, koj yuav raug nplua txog $ 5,000 rau txhua qhov kev ua txhaum cai. CBP yeej ib txwm hais tias kev siv ISF yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Hauv kev nkag siab zoo dua, ISF uas raug cim tuaj yeem tuav koj lub thawv tag nrho sai li sai tau thaum nws mus txog Portland, ua rau kev xa khoom yooj yim mus rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ib lub lim tiam.
Lub ISF xav tau kaum ib daim ntaub ntawv los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom tuaj: tus neeg muag khoom, tus neeg yuav khoom, tus neeg xa khoom mus, tus neeg xa khoom uas tau sau tseg, tus neeg txais khoom, lub npe chaw tsim khoom lossis tus neeg muab khoom, lub tebchaws keeb kwm, cov lej HTS khoom, qhov chaw ntim khoom hauv thawv, thiab tus neeg sau khoom. Tus neeg thauj khoom xa ob yam ntxiv: daim phiaj xwm khaws khoom ntawm lub nkoj thiab kev sib txuas lus txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub thawv. Cov neeg xa khoom feem ntau ua yuam kev tos kom txog thaum cov khoom xa tuaj raug lees paub tag nrho kom pib ISF. Hloov chaw, lawv yuav tsum pib nws sai li sai tau thaum lawv ua kev teem caij. Yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ISF thiab Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Thauj Khoom zaum kawg, xws li tus nqi sib txawv, cov lus piav qhia txog khoom kho, lossis lub npe neeg txais khoom sib txawv me ntsis, yuav tsum tau hloov kho. Qhov no siv sijhawm thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo yog tias lub nkoj twb tau caij nkoj lawm.
Rau cov nkoj uas mus ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Portland, qee zaum lawv nres hauv Seattle lossis lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj West Coast ua ntej mus rau Columbia River. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav muaj sijhawm tsawg dua li koj xav los kho qhov ISF tsis zoo. Txoj kev daws teeb meem yooj yim yog qhia rau koj tus neeg xa khoom kom xa daim ntawv ISF hauv 24 teev tom qab tau txais kev lees paub kev booking, nrog lub hom phiaj ua li ntawd 48 txog 72 teev ua ntej lub nkoj raug thauj khoom. Tom qab ntawd, ua ntej lub nkoj tawm mus, kos tag nrho kaum daim teb nrog daim ntawv qhia nqi lag luam thiab daim ntawv teev khoom.
Kev Faib Khoom Tsis Zoo Raws Li HTS
Kev tau txais tus lej Harmonized Tariff Schedule tsis raug yog ib qho ntawm qhov yuam kev loj tshaj plaws uas tus neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem ua vim tias txhua yam khoom uas nkag mus rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas xav tau ib qho. Qhov kev pheej hmoo yog qhov siab tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Yog tias ob tus lej HTS nyob ib sab, qhov sib txawv ntawm 0% tus nqi se thiab 25% kev nplua ntawm Tshooj 301 yuav loj heev. Thaum cov lus piav qhia txog khoom ntawm daim ntawv them nqi lag luam tsis phim tus lej HTS uas tau hais, CBP cov txheej txheem ntsuas kev pheej hmoo tsis siv neeg yuav cim qhov nkag. Cov cim no tsis ploj mus xwb.
Yog tias muaj qhov yuam kev ua rau tsis tau them se, CBP tuaj yeem nplua tus neeg ntawd txog li plaub npaug ntawm tus nqi tsis tau them se thiab tuaj yeem saib cov ntaub ntawv nkag los ntawm tsib xyoos dhau los. Tus neeg xa khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog tib tus neeg uas muaj lub luag haujlwm raws li txoj cai. Tus neeg ua haujlwm kev lis kev cai uas tau xa daim ntawv nkag thiab tus neeg xa khoom Suav uas tau tawm tswv yim tus lej tsis yog. Yog tias koj tus neeg ua haujlwm muab tus nqi tsis raug rau koj, koj yog tus muaj lub luag haujlwm. Cov lus qhia ntawm txoj cai kev lag luam uas tau tawm tom qab kev hloov kho se thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2025 ua rau qhov no meej dua. Nws tau hais tias cov neeg ua haujlwm kev lis kev cai ua haujlwm ua kws lij choj-qhov tseeb thaum lawv xa cov ntaub ntawv nkag, uas txhais tau tias txhua qhov yuam kev hauv kev faib tawm yog qhov txhaum raws li txoj cai ntawm tus neeg xa khoom.
Ua ntej koj tso koj daim ntawv xaj, koj yuav tsum xyuas tus lej HTS nrog tus neeg ua haujlwm lis kev cai hauv Tebchaws Meskas uas tau tso cai. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua qhov no ua ntej xa khoom lossis tom qab. Cov lej HS ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab cov lej HTS ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau teeb tsa zoo sib xws, txawm li cas los xij lawv txawv ntawm ntau pawg khoom. Tsis txhob ntseeg qhov koj tus neeg muag khoom hauv Suav teb hais txog lawv cov khoom raug faib ua pawg li cas hauv Suav teb. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej txog pawg khoom lossis nws tsim nyog nyiaj ntau, koj tuaj yeem xaiv nug CBP kom txiav txim siab ua ntej. Nws yuav siv zog me ntsis los teeb tsa, tab sis thaum nws ua tiav, tsis muaj peev xwm raug faib ua pawg tsis raug rau lub neej ntawm kev txiav txim.
Nws tseem yog ib lub tswv yim zoo los xyuas koj cov keeb kwm xa khoom tuaj ntawm ib lub sijhawm mus rau ib lub sijhawm kom paub tseeb tias cov kev faib tawm yog qhov tseeb. Cov lus txib ntawm cov thawj coj txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2025 thiab qhov kev zam ntawm Tshooj 301 ntev dua tau hloov txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los faib cov khoom ntau yam. Cov tuam txhab uas teeb tsa lawv cov lej HTS hauv xyoo 2022 thiab tsis tau saib lawv dua tej zaum yuav them se ntau dhau. Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev them tsawg dua rau cov khoom uas kev kho mob se tau hloov pauv.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tsis Tiav Los Yog Tsis Sib Haum
Cov ntaub ntawv rau kev xa khoom yuav tsum tiav, sib xws nrog nws tus kheej, thiab raug, thiab tag nrho peb yam no yuav tsum muaj tseeb tib lub sijhawm. Nws tsis zoo yog tias tsis muaj daim ntawv. Feem ntau nws yog qhov phem tshaj plaws yog tias muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis sib haum xeeb vim tias qhov tsis sib xws ua rau CBP xav tias muaj qee yam raug zais lossis tus neeg ntawd tsis quav ntsej. Tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov kev xav no zoo rau koj.
Daim ntawv them nqi lag luam, daim ntawv teev khoom ntim khoom, daim ntawv pov thawj xa khoom hauv dej hiav txwv, thiab daim ntawv nkag CBP raug cai (Daim Ntawv 7501) yog cov ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas xav tau rau txhua qhov kev xa khoom lag luam los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Portland. Ntxiv rau qhov no, qee hom khoom muaj kev txwv ntxiv. Khoom noj thiab cov tshuaj noj yuav tsum tau txais FDA Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Ua Ntej. Yog tias koj lub cuab yeej hluav taws xob muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zaus, koj xav tau Daim Ntawv Tshaj Tawm FCC ntawm Kev Ua Raws Cai. Daim ntawv pov thawj CPSC yog qhov xav tau rau cov khoom rau menyuam yaus. Cov ntaub ntawv ntim ntoo yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv phytosanitary teeb tsa los ntawm ISPM-15. Cov khoom lag luam uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog thaj chaw Xinjiang ntawm Tuam Tshoj kuj tseem yuav poob rau hauv Uyghur Yuam Kev Ua Haujlwm Tiv Thaiv Txoj Cai, uas peb tham txog ntau ntxiv hauv qab no.
| Daim ntawv | lub hom phiaj | Yuav Tsum Tau Rau |
|---|---|---|
| Kev Qhia Ua Lag Luam | Kev ntsuas tus nqi se thiab cov nqi se | Tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj |
| Daim Ntawv Sau | Xyuas cov ntsiab lus, qhov hnyav, dims | Tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj |
| Ocean Bill of Lading | Daim ntawv pov thawj thiab daim ntawv xa khoom | Tag nrho cov khoom thauj hauv dej hiav txwv |
| ISF (10+2) | Cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm CBP | Tag nrho cov khoom thauj mus rau Tebchaws Meskas |
| TIAB SA 7501 | Kev them nqi nkag thiab them se raws cai | Kev lag luam ntshuam |
| FDA Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Ua Ntej | Kev ceeb toom ua ntej txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov | Khoom noj, tshuaj ntxiv, tshuaj pleev ib ce |
| FCC tshaj tawm | Kev ua raws li xov tooj cua zaus | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom siv RF |
| CPSC Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj | Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom | Cov khoom me me |
| Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txog Kev Muab Khoom Siv UFLPA | Kev ua raws li kev yuam ua haujlwm | Cov saw hlau xa khoom Xinjiang-pheej hmoo |
| Phytosanitary Certificate | Kev tswj kab tsuag ntoo thiab tsob ntoo | Cov khoom ntim ntoo, cov khoom cog |
Qhov yuam kev feem ntau hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog thaum daim ntawv them nqi lag luam thiab daim ntawv teev khoom tsis sib xws. Piv txwv li, cov nqi, qhov hnyav, thiab cov lus piav qhia tsis sib xws. Ua ntej cov khoom thauj tawm hauv Suav teb, xyuas kom tseeb tias tau kuaj xyuas tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv sib piv rau kaum feeb. Xyuas kom tseeb tias koj cov lus piav qhia txog khoom tau meej. Piv txwv li, "cov tais diav ceramic, 10.5 nti, dawb" zoo dua li "cov tais diav." Cov lus piav qhia tsis meej ua rau CBP saib ze dua thiab ncua sijhawm tshem tawm. Cov lus piav qhia tshwj xeeb txav mus los ntawm lub kaw lus yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
Xaiv Cov Lus Cog Tseg Tsis Yog
Lub Rooj Sib Tham Thoob Ntiaj Teb ntawm Kev Lag Luam Incoterms, lossis Cov Lus Cog Tseg Kev Lag Luam Thoob Ntiaj Teb, piav qhia meej tias cov luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg muag khoom xaus qhov twg thiab cov luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom pib qhov twg hauv kev cog lus thoob ntiaj teb. Thaum xa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Portland, kev xaiv Incoterms muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tus nqi, kev pheej hmoo, thiab kev ua raws li txoj cai. Qhov no yog ib qho chaw uas cov neeg xa khoom tsis muaj kev paub dhau los ua yuam kev.
Qhov phem tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau yog yuav ib yam dab tsi ntawm EXW (Ex Works) cov nqe lus yam tsis nkag siab tag nrho qhov ntawd txhais li cas. Yog tias koj siv EXW, koj yog tus lav ris rau txhua yam uas tshwm sim rau cov khoom thaum lawv tawm hauv lub Hoobkas Suav. Qhov no suav nrog kev npaj rau kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai xa tawm Suav teb, coj cov khoom mus rau chaw nres nkoj hauv Suav teb, thiab thauj lawv mus rau ntawm lub nkoj ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj keeb kwm. Cov neeg feem coob uas xaiv EXW ua li ntawd vim tias nws zoo li tus nqi qis tshaj plaws. Hauv lub neej tiag tiag, EXW feem ntau ua rau kev ncua sijhawm xa khoom tawm, ploj daim ntawv tso cai xa khoom tawm, thiab teeb meem ntawv ua haujlwm uas ua rau tej yam nyuaj dua thaum cov khoom mus txog Portland. Qhov no yog vim tsis muaj tus khub logistics txawj ntse uas saib xyuas kev thauj khoom sab Suav teb.
Rau feem ntau qhov xwm txheej uas cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Portland, FOB (Free On Board) lossis FCA (Free Carrier) yog cov kev xaiv zoo dua. Hauv qab FOB, tus neeg muag khoom Suav yuav saib xyuas kev xa cov khoom los ntawm kev lis kev cai thiab mus rau ntawm lub nkoj ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj keeb kwm. Tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum ris lub nra hnyav thaum cov khoom nyob ntawm lub nkoj. FCA zoo dua rau cov khoom thauj hauv thawv thiab ua rau lub sijhawm hloov pauv kev pheej hmoo meej dua. Nco ntsoov sau cov Incoterms uas koj xaiv hauv daim ntawv cog lus yuav khoom, daim ntawv them nqi lag luam, thiab txhua daim ntawv qiv nyiaj. Thaum cov Incoterms uas tau pom zoo tsis phim qhov uas tau tshaj tawm rau CBP, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog tus nqi lis kev cai uas siv sijhawm ntev thiab raug nqi ntau los daws.
Kev kwv yees tsis pub dhau sijhawm
Chaw Nres Nkoj 6 nyob deb li 100 mais ntawm ntug dej Columbia, uas ua rau nws sawv tawm thiab txhais tau tias yuav tsum tau npaj ua tib zoo. Cov nkoj uas nres hauv Portland tsis tuaj yeem yog cov nkoj loj tshaj plaws ntawm Pacific, thiab lawv cov qauv caij nkoj txawv ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj ntug dej hiav txwv ncaj qha. Nyob ntawm seb lub nkoj tuaj qhov twg, nws mus txog T6 li cas, thiab yog tias nws nres hauv Seattle lossis lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub poob ua ntej, lub sijhawm thauj mus los ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj loj hauv Suav teb mus rau T6 feem ntau siv sijhawm 16 txog 22 hnub. Tab sis lub sijhawm nws siv los hla dej hiav txwv tsuas yog ib qho ntawm qhov sib npaug.
| Keeb kwm chaw nres nkoj | Qhov Nruab Nrab ntawm Kev Thauj Mus Los Hauv Dej Hiav Txwv | Hom Txoj Kev | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai (SHA) | 18-22 hnub | Ncaj qha mus rau T6 | Cov kev pabcuam feem ntau tsis yog Suav teb |
| Ningbo (NGB) | 17-21 hnub | Ncaj qha mus rau T6 | Muaj zog rau rooj tog thiab khoom siv hauv tsev |
| Shenzhen / Yantian | 16-20 hnub | Los ntawm Seattle tau | Chaw tsim khoom hauv South China |
| Qingdao (TAO) | 19-23 hnub | Ncaj qha mus rau T6 | Cov khoom lag luam thiab cov tshuab |
| Tianjin (TSN) | 20-25 hnub | Feem ntau transship | Sab Qaum Teb Suav teb; kev thauj mus los ntev dua |
| Guangzhou / Nansha | 17-21 hnub | Ncaj qha mus rau T6 | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab khaub ncaws |
Thaum koj lub thawv ntim khoom mus txog T6, nws yuav siv sijhawm tsib txog xya hnub ua haujlwm rau kev ua tiav chaw nres nkoj, kev tshem tawm CBP, thiab kev thauj mus rau koj qhov chaw nyob hauv Oregon lossis Washington. Qhov kev ncua no suav nrog qhov muaj ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj, kev teem sijhawm ntawm kev drayage, thiab qhov tseeb tias txawm tias kev tshuaj xyuas CBP yooj yim kuj siv sijhawm. Cov neeg xa khoom tuaj uas muab hnub xa khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom raws li lub sijhawm thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv, tsis muaj qhov kev ncua no, feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem xa khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub hlis ua ntej lub caij muag khoom loj thaum cov ntim khoom nce siab thiab cov txheej txheem tshem tawm ntev dua.
Yog tias koj muaj lub sijhawm kawg uas nyuaj heev, xws li kev nthuav qhia kev lag luam, kev tshaj tawm khoom tshiab, lossis lub sijhawm yuav khoom thaum hnub so, suav rov qab los ntawm hnub ntawd thiab tshem tawm 5 txog 7 hnub rau kev ua tiav ntawm sab Asmeskas. Qhov no yuav muab hnub tuaj txog ntawm koj lub nkoj uas koj xav tau ntawm T6. Tom ntej no, tshem tawm lub sijhawm uas dej hiav txwv siv los mus txog koj lub chaw nres nkoj keeb kwm. Ntawd yog hnub kawg uas koj tuaj yeem book tau. Yog tias koj ua tau, ntxiv ib lub lim tiam ntxiv ntawm lub sijhawm buffer. Feem ntau nws raug nqi ntau dua kom tau txais kev xa khoom hauv dej hiav txwv rov qab los ntawm. cua freight sai dua li nws ua rau book nws ua ntej me ntsis.
Tsis quav ntsej txog Kev Ua Raws Cai ntawm UFLPA
Txoj Cai Tiv Thaiv Kev Yuam Ua Haujlwm ntawm Uyghur yog ib qho ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab ua raws li kev cai lij choj hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los. UFLPA hais tias txhua yam khoom uas tau khawb, tsim tawm, lossis ua tag nrho lossis ib feem hauv xeev Xinjiang ntawm Tuam Tshoj raug xav tias yog ua los ntawm kev siv kev yuam ua haujlwm thiab tsis pub nkag mus rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas kom txog thaum tus neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem qhia lwm yam. Tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum ua pov thawj qhov ntawd, thiab CBP tau txhawb nqa nws txoj kev siv txij li thaum txoj cai tau pib siv.
Xyoo 2025, UFLPA yuav siv rau ntau yam tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom lag luam ua nyob rau hauv Xinjiang xwb. Yog tias koj cov khoom muaj cov khoom seem lossis cov khoom siv raw los ntawm Xinjiang, xws li paj rwb, polysilicon, txhuas, txiv lws suav, lossis qee qib hlau, CBP tuaj yeem nres kev xa khoom txawm tias cov khoom tiav lawm tau ua nyob rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov neeg uas coj cov ntaub, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci, thiab ntau dua thiab ntau cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau taug qab cov saw hlau xa khoom mus txog rau keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Cov nqi ntawm cov ntawv cog lus kev lis kev cai, cov nqi raug cai, thiab kev khaws cia cov khoom thauj thaum lub sijhawm UFLPA tuav yuav yooj yim ntau dua li tus nqi ntawm cov khoom uas tau tuav.
Ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm koj txoj kev nrhiav khoom, koj yuav tsum nug koj cov neeg muab khoom Suav kom lawv qhia txog kev pom tseeb ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus uas koj ua tau. Kev tshuaj xyuas lub Hoobkas lossis kev kos duab ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom uas yuav ua yuam kev. Yog tias koj cov khoom raug tuav hauv UFLPA, koj yuav tsum ntiav ib tus kws lij choj kev lag luam tam sim ntawd. Cov txheej txheem rau kev tau txais lawv rov qab siv ntau daim ntawv thiab, qee zaum, kev sib txuas lus ncaj qha nrog CBP's UFLPA Enforcement Team.
Xaiv Ib Tus Neeg Thauj Khoom Los Ntawm Tus Nqi Xwb
Koj tus neeg xa khoom thiab tus neeg ua haujlwm rau kev lis kev cai yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam loj dua rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Portland dua li lwm tus khub uas koj xaiv. Tab sis rau ntau lub tuam txhab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg xa khoom me me uas nyuam qhuav pib yuav khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj, cov txheej txheem txiav txim siab yog nyob ntawm leej twg muaj tus nqi thauj khoom qis tshaj plaws. Txoj kev no ib txwm ua rau muaj cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo.
Ntawm T6, tus neeg xa khoom pheej yig uas tsis muaj kev sib cuag zoo nrog cov neeg thauj khoom yuav muaj teeb meem nrhiav kev tseg cia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub caij siab tshaj plaws thaum tsis muaj nkoj txaus los pabcuam Portland. Lawv yuav tsis xa daim ntawv ISF raws sijhawm, teb cov lus nug txog kev ua raws li CBP kom raug, lossis ua raws li Tshooj 301 thiab AD/CVD uas hloov pauv sai sai. Thaum cov nqi se hloov pauv ntau zaus, kev zam tau ncua sijhawm, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv CBP tau hloov pauv, tus nqi ntawm cov lus qhia tsis zoo tuaj yeem ntau dua li kev txuag nyiaj ntawm kev kwv yees nqi thauj khoom nws tus kheej.
Thaum nrhiav cov neeg koom tes logistics rau kev xa khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Portland, xyuas kom tseeb tias lawv muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb, pov thawj kev paub txog kev xa khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab US Lane ntawm West Coast. Nug lawv ncaj qha txog lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo tam sim no nrog cov neeg nqa khoom uas pabcuam T6. Nrhiav seb lawv khaws cov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi tariff li cas, lawv ua li cas nrog ISF cov sijhawm kawg, thiab lawv ua dab tsi rau cov khoom lag luam UFLPA-risk. Tau txais cov lus qhia los ntawm cov neeg xa khoom uas muag cov khoom zoo ib yam li koj li. Tus neeg xa khoom uas nug koj cov lus nug raug thaum koj thawj zaug tiv tauj, xws li txog koj cov lej HTS, thaj chaw ntawm koj cov khoom xa tuaj, thiab koj lub sijhawm xa khoom, qhia tias lawv ua haujlwm ua ntej thiab ua raws li txoj cai, uas yog qhov zoo rau koj txoj kev lag luam.
Topway Shipping Pab Koj Li Cas Import Los Ntawm Tuam Tshoj Txoj Kev Yog
Topway Shipping, nyob hauv Shenzhen, Suav teb, tau yog ib lub tuam txhab muab kev pabcuam kev lag luam hla ciam teb txij li xyoo 2010. Pab neeg tsim tsa muaj ntau tshaj 15 xyoo ntawm kev txawj ntse ncaj qha nrog kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai, nrog rau kev tsom mus rau Tuam Tshoj thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Kev thauj mus los uas saib xyuas txhua yam teeb meem hauv qhov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab kev ua raws li txoj cai.
Topway tus qauv kev pabcuam kawg-rau-kawg npog tag nrho cov saw hlau logistics. Nws suav nrog thawj ceg kev thauj mus los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb thiab cov tsev rau khoom, txawv teb chaws tsev khaws nyiaj ntawm cov chaw faib khoom hauv Tebchaws Meskas, kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai (suav nrog ISF cov ntaub ntawv thiab CBP kev tswj hwm kev nkag mus), thiab kev xa khoom kawg mus rau Pacific Northwest destinations. Topway muab ob qho tib si FCL (Full Container Load) thiab LCL (Less than Container Load) kev pabcuam thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv rau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj ntawm Portland. Qhov no txhais tau tias tus qauv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txhua qhov loj me, los ntawm lub thawv puv 40-foot mus rau qhov kev txiav txim me dua, yam tsis muaj kev txi qhov zoo ntawm kev ua raws li txoj cai.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm no ua raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm Tshooj 301 cov nqi se, kev siv UFLPA, thiab cov cai foob CBP. Lawv hloov cov kev hloov pauv nyuaj rau hauv cov lus qhia pab tau uas tau txais rau cov neeg xa khoom ua ntej cov kev hloov pauv ntawd ua rau muaj teeb meem. Yog tias koj tab tom npaj xa koj thawj qhov kev xa khoom los ntawm T6 lossis xav hloov pauv koj cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Topway muaj kev paub thiab cov peev txheej los pab koj ua nws txij thaum pib.
Tsis Npaj Rau Kev Tshuaj Xyuas CBP Thiab Chaw Nres Nkoj
Kev kuaj lub cev ntawm CBP tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm tias cov khoom xa tuaj tau ntim zoo. Hauv qhov xwm txheej tam sim no, qhov no yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev xa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Nws kuj yog qhov yuam kev los xav txog nws ua qhov teeb meem ntug es tsis yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm kev npaj. Yog tias koj cov khoom raug khaws cia ntawm chaw nres tsheb thauj khoom thaum koj tos kom pom zoo, kev kuaj xyuas hnyav ntawm T6 tuaj yeem ntxiv tsib mus rau kaum hnub ua haujlwm rau koj lub sijhawm pom zoo.
Kev ua raws li CBP keeb kwm huv si yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los zam kev kuaj mob ntau zaus. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj ib txwm xa cov ntaub ntawv raug raws sijhawm, tsis tau ua txhaum cai ua ntej, thiab muaj cov lus piav qhia txog khoom meej thiab sib xws uas phim qhov CBP pom thaum lawv qhib lub thawv. Cov neeg xa khoom tuaj uas tau tsim cov ntaub ntawv no dhau sijhawm yuav tsis raug kuaj xyuas. Rau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj uas coj ntau yam khoom tuaj, kev koom nrog C-TPAT program (Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism) ua rau tus neeg xa khoom ntseeg siab no yog tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem tshem tawm sai dua.
Lub tswv yim npaj ua tau zoo yog tsis txhob qhia rau tus neeg siv khoom tias lawv daim ntawv xaj yuav tuaj txog tib hnub lossis hnub tom qab yog tias xav tau kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai. Lub sijhawm ob lub lis piam ntawm lub nkoj yuav tuaj txog ntawm T6 thiab thaum koj cog lus tias yuav xa khoom rau koj tus neeg siv khoom tsis ntau dhau. Nws suav nrog kev xav txog kev tos txais ntawm lub chaw nres nkoj, kev tshuaj xyuas, thiab kev xa khoom rau tus neeg siv khoom. Nws yog qhov xav tsis thoob yog tias koj cov khoom tuaj txog ntxov thiab kev tshem tawm yooj yim. Yog tias kev tshem tawm siv sijhawm ntev dua li koj xav, koj yuav tsis tas yuav piav qhia vim li cas kev xa khoom txawv teb chaws tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees tau, uas yuav ua rau koj txoj kev sib txuas lus nrog koj tus neeg siv khoom.
Saib Xyuas Kev Thauj Mus Los Kawg-Mile los ntawm Portland
Muaj ntau tus neeg xa khoom tuaj txawv teb chaws npaj txhua yam ntawm kev thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv, tab sis ntau tus pom tias kauj ruam kawg - kev coj cov khoom los ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg mus rau lawv lub tsev rau khoom - tsuas yog ib txoj haujlwm kev tswj hwm uas yuav tsum ua tom qab. Qhov no yog ib qho yuam kev uas yuav raug nqi koj nyiaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv Portland. Lub sijhawm dawb ntawm Terminal 6, thaum koj tuaj yeem khaws lub thawv yam tsis tau them tus nqi txhua hnub, feem ntau yog peb txog tsib hnub tom qab lub thawv npaj txhij. Cov neeg xa khoom tuaj txawv teb chaws uas tsis teeb tsa drayage ua ntej lub sijhawm nrog tus neeg thauj khoom uas paub yuav ua li cas nrog T6 tuaj yeem pom lawv cov thawv zaum dhau lub sijhawm dawb, racking tus nqi raug kaw ntawm $ 150 txog $ 300 ib lub thawv ib hnub.
Cov neeg xa khoom tuaj ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj loj feem ntau tsis xav tias qhov chaw nyob hauv Portland yuav nyuaj dua. Lub nroog cov roob, kev hla dej, thiab txoj kev loj ua rau cov tsheb thauj khoom loj mus los nyuaj, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm xa khoom. Kev lag luam drayage nyob ib puag ncig T6 me dua thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo ntau dua li hauv LA/Long Beach lossis Seattle. Qhov no txhais tau tias lub peev xwm tuaj yeem raug txwv sai sai thaum lub sijhawm xa khoom ntau. Qhov kev txiav txim zoo yog booking kev thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv thiab tus neeg thauj khoom drayage tib lub sijhawm, tsis yog tom qab lub nkoj tawm mus lawm.
Cov neeg xa khoom tuaj rau hauv Pacific Northwest thiab Midwest yuav tsum siv qhov zoo ntawm Terminal 6 lub chaw nres nkoj uas muaj yim txoj kev, uas txuas ncaj qha mus rau Union Pacific Railway. Qhov kev txuas tsheb ciav hlau no cia cov thawv ntim khoom mus txog qhov chaw hauv Idaho, Montana, Utah, thiab lwm qhov chaw yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau thauj khoom dua. Yog tias koj qhov chaw mus kawg tsis nyob hauv thaj chaw Portland metro, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov kev xaiv T6 intermodal dua li kev daws teeb meem thauj khoom puv tsheb.
Tsis quav ntsej txog Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Tom Qab Nkag Mus thiab Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Kev Ua Raws Cai
Thaum koj cov khoom raug tshem tawm ntawm kev lis kev cai, koj tseem muaj lub luag haujlwm ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev xa khoom tuaj. Cov neeg feem ntau ua yuam kev ntawm kev kho txhua qhov kev xa khoom raws li kev lag luam sib cais yam tsis muaj kev ua raws li. Qhov no yog qhov yuam kev ib txwm muaj thiab kim heev. CBP tuaj yeem saib cov ntawv nkag mus txog tsib xyoos tom qab lawv tau xa tuaj. Nrog rau cov nqi se hloov pauv ntau zaus thiab kev siv zog ua kom muaj zog dua (ib yam li ntau daim ntawv xaj ntawm xyoo 2025), muaj feem ntau uas qhov yuam kev ua yav dhau los yuav pom tseeb hauv kev tshuaj xyuas.
Cov lus txib ntawm cov thawj coj txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2025 uas txo tus nqi fentanyl thiab txuas ntxiv Tshooj 301 kev zam yog lub sijhawm rau cov neeg xa khoom uas lawv cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev zam txuas ntxiv los xyuas seb cov ntawv nkag yav dhau los puas siv qhov kev zam kom raug thiab yog tias xav tau kev tawm tsam lossis kev kho tom qab kev sau ntawv luv luv. Cov neeg xa khoom uas tau siv cov lej faib cov nqi uas tam sim no raug kev kho mob sib txawv vim yog kev hloov pauv tus nqi xyoo 2025 kuj yuav tsum ua qhov kev kuaj xyuas sab hauv kom paub tseeb tias lawv tus neeg ua lag luam tau siv cov nqi tshiab kom raug txij li thaum lawv pib siv.
Kev teeb tsa ib lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas sab hauv yooj yim, xws li kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus nkag CBP piv rau cov nqi se tam sim no, HTS codes, thiab txhua yam kev zam txhua peb lub hlis, tsis siv zog ntau thiab tuaj yeem txuag koj cov nyiaj ntau yog tias koj pom teeb meem kev ua raws cai thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas CBP. Yog tias koj xa khoom ntau yam tuaj, kev ntiav tus kws lij choj kev lag luam los ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua raws cai txhua xyoo yog kev siv koj cov nyiaj zoo.
xaus
Yuav kom tau txais txiaj ntsig, koj yuav tsum ua qhov kev rau siab. Paub tias cov nqi tam sim no yog dab tsi thiab cov lus txib ntawm tus thawj coj txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2025 cuam tshuam li cas rau koj cov khoom lag luam. Ua ntaub ntawv ISF raws sijhawm thiab raug rau txhua qhov kev xa khoom. Muab cov khoom tso rau hauv cov pawg raug. Muab cov ntaub ntawv ua ke uas ua tiav thiab sib xws. Xaiv cov neeg koom tes logistics raws li lawv cov txuj ci, tsis yog lawv cov nqi. Ua ntej cov nkoj tawm mus, lawv yuav tsum npaj rau kev tshuaj xyuas, kev ua raws li UFLPA, thiab kev thauj mus los kawg.
Tsis muaj ib txoj kev twg uas yuav zam tau qhov ua yuam kev hauv phau ntawv qhia no. Yog tias koj muaj cov neeg koom tes tsim nyog thiab tsis npaj ntau, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau txhua yam ntawm lawv. Lub chaw ua lag luam uas yuav los txog rau xyoo 2026 yog qhov nyuaj, nruj me ntsis, thiab hloov pauv tas li. Txawm li cas los xij, Chaw nres nkoj Portland tseem yog qhov chaw zoo rau cov lag luam hauv Oregon ua lag luam thiab yog qhov chaw zoo rau txhua tus neeg uas yuav khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab muag khoom hauv Pacific Northwest.
