German Import VAT thiab FCL Shipping: Yuav Ua Li Cas Xam Koj Tus Nqi Av Tiag
Introduction
Thaum yuav khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemes, feem ntau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj tsuas yog saib tus nqi xwb. Lawv sib ntaus sib tua hnyav rau tus nqi ntawm lub Hoobkas, saib ob peb qhov kev sib tw xa khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd ntseeg tias txhua yam yuav ua haujlwm ntawm chaw nres nkoj. Yog tias koj xav li ntawd, koj tab tom ua ib qho ntawm cov yuam kev kim tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum koj cov khoom xa tuaj txog rau lub tsev rau khoom hauv tebchaws Yelemes, tus nqi kawg tuaj yeem yog 50% txog 80% ntau dua li qhov koj tau them rau tus neeg muag khoom. VAT ntshuam hauv tebchaws Yelemes yog 19% rau feem ntau cov khoom, thiab cov se no tsis yog tsuas yog raws li tus nqi ntawm cov khoom xwb; nws kuj yog raws li tus nqi xa khoom, kev pov hwm, thiab cov nqi lis kev cai. Yog tias koj lub koom haum xa cov khoom thauj tag nrho (FCL) los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, koj yuav tsum paub tag nrho cov nqi tsaws. Nws yuav txhais tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab khoom uas ua rau tau nyiaj thiab ib qho uas maj mam noj ntawm koj cov npoo.
Cov lus qhia no qhia txog yuav ua li cas xam tus nqi xa khoom FCL tuaj rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, VAT xa khoom ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees ua haujlwm li cas hauv xyoo 2025–2026, thiab yuav ua li cas npaj koj cov khoom xa tuaj kom tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob ntawm ciam teb.
Nkag siab German Ntshuam VAT (Einfuhrumsatzsteuer)
Tus nqi se VAT ntshuam, lossis Einfuhrumsatzsteuer (EUSt) hauv lus German, siv rau cov khoom uas tuaj rau lub teb chaws Yelemees los ntawm lub teb chaws uas tsis nyob hauv EU, xws li Tuam Tshoj. Cov nqi zoo ib yam, tab sis qhov no tsis zoo ib yam li tus nqi se ib txwm muaj ntawm kev muag khoom hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Lub koom haum kev lis kev cai German (Zoll) sau tus nqi se ntshuam, tsis yog lub chaw ua haujlwm them se. Cov se no pib thaum cov khoom raug coj mus rau hauv lub teb chaws, tsis yog thaum lawv raug muag.
Tus nqi VAT feem ntau ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees yog 19%. Tus nqi no siv rau feem ntau cov khoom lag luam, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshuab, khaub ncaws, rooj tog, thiab cov khoom siv rau cov neeg siv khoom. Qee yam khoom, xws li phau ntawv, ntawv xov xwm, thiab qee yam khoom noj, raug them se ntawm tus nqi qis dua 7%. Tsis tau muaj kev hloov pauv rau cov qauv nqi no txog xyoo 2025 thiab mus rau xyoo 2026.
Kev Txheeb Xyuas Tus Nqi VAT ntawm German
| Qeb | Tus nqi VAT | Piv txwv |
| Txheem Npaum Li Cas | 19% | Khoom siv hluav taws xob, khaub ncaws, tshuab, feem ntau cov khoom muag |
| Tus nqi txo qis | 7% | Cov phau ntawv, cov ntawv xov xwm, cov khoom noj khoom haus, kev nyob hauv tsev so |
| Tus Nqi Xoom / Tsis Them Se | 0% | Qee cov kev pabcuam nyiaj txiag thiab kev pov hwm |
Tus nqi VAT ntshuam khoom yog raws li tus nqi se ntxiv rau tus nqi se, tsis yog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom xwb. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas ntau tus neeg tuaj xa khoom thawj zaug tsis nkag siab. Vim yog qhov cuam tshuam no, koj lub nra hnyav VAT tiag tiag yog ntau dua li 19% ntawm tus nqi daim ntawv them nqi. Cov tub ceev xwm hauv tebchaws German siv tus nqi CIF (Tus nqi, Kev pov hwm, Kev thauj khoom) los xam seb yuav them ntau npaum li cas. Qhov no yog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, tus nqi xa khoom mus thoob ntiaj teb, thiab tus nqi pov hwm.
Cov lag luam uas tau sau npe rau VAT thiab cov khoom xa tuaj rau kev muag dua lossis siv hauv lawv txoj kev lag luam feem ntau tuaj yeem tau txais rov qab VAT xa tuaj uas lawv tau them los ntawm kev xa lawv daim ntawv them rov qab VAT txhua ob peb lub hlis. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws yog ib yam khoom siv nyiaj ntsuab es tsis yog ib qho nuj nqis tas mus li, tab sis lub sijhawm tseem ceeb vim tias cov neeg lis kev cai yuav tsum tau txais VAT them ua ntej cov khoom raug tso tawm, thiab kev thov rov qab tshwm sim hauv lub voj voog sib txawv. Yog tias koj tsis tau sau npe rau VAT, koj tsis tuaj yeem tau txais rov qab VAT xa tuaj, uas txhais tau tias nws yog tus nqi tiag tiag.
Lub EU tau tshem tawm € 22 de minimis bar rau kev xa khoom VAT thaum Lub Xya Hli 2021. Qhov no txhais tau tias txhua yam khoom coj mus rau hauv EU los ntawm lub tebchaws uas tsis yog lub xeev tswv cuab tam sim no yuav tsum tau xa khoom VAT, txawm tias nws raug nqi ntau npaum li cas los xij. Lub kaw lus Import One-Stop-Shop (IOSS) cia cov neeg muag khoom sau thiab them VAT rau cov khoom muaj nqis tsawg dua € 150 rau B2C e-commerce. Tab sis rau kev xa khoom lag luam FCL, cov txheej txheem ib txwm rau kev them VAT thiab tshaj tawm cov kev lis kev cai siv tau tag nrho.
FCL Shipping los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees: Koj Them Nqi Dab Tsi Tiag?
Kev xa khoom puv thawv (FCL) yog txoj kev tseem ceeb uas Tuam Tshoj thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees pauv lag luam ntau. FCL yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws thaum koj cov khoom xa tuaj loj dua 12–15 CBM lossis koj xav tau kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb uas los nrog kev muaj lub thawv tshwj xeeb. Koj them tus nqi teeb tsa rau tag nrho lub thawv, txawm tias nws yog 20ft, 40ft, lossis 40ft High Cube. Nws tsis muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li cas koj siv chav tiag tiag. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj tuaj yeem suav rau ntawm tus nqi, lub sijhawm thauj mus los sai dua LCL, thiab muaj tsawg dua qhov muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis kev ua qias tuaj los ntawm kev sib koom thauj khoom.
Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen (Yantian/Shekou), Qingdao, Guangzhou, thiab Tianjin yog cov chaw nres nkoj tseem ceeb hauv Suav teb uas cov khoom thauj FCL mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees. Hamburg yog qhov chaw nkag tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau lub teb chaws Yelemees, tuav ntau lub thawv dua li lwm lub chaw nres nkoj hauv teb chaws Yelemees. Bremen/Bremerhaven yog lwm qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom siv hnyav thiab cov khoom siv tsheb.
Hom Thawv FCL thiab Tus Nqi Tam Sim No (2025–2026)
| Cov Thawv Hom | peev Xwm | Tus Nqi Nruab Nrab (Tuam Tshoj–Lub Tebchaws Yelemees) | Lub Sijhawm Hla Dhau |
| 20ft Txheem | ~ 25 CBM / 22,000 kg | $ 1,500 - $ 3,000 | 28-38 hnub |
| 40ft Txheem | ~ 55 CBM / 26,500 kg | $ 2,500 - $ 4,500 | 28-40 hnub |
| 40ft High Cube | ~ 68 CBM / 26,500 kg | $ 3,500 - $ 5,500 | 28-40 hnub |
Tus nqi thauj khoom yooj yim tsuas yog ib qho ntawm qhov koj tshuav. Cov nqi thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv paub tias tsis suav nrog cov nqi ntxiv uas nce sai. Lub rooj hauv qab no qhia txog cov nqi ntxiv feem ntau uas koj yuav tsum npaj rau thaum xam koj tus nqi xa khoom FCL tiag tiag.
Cov Nqi Ntxiv Rau FCL Raws Li Qhov Nyiaj Siv Tau
| Kev tsub nqi | Hauj lwm | Raug Ntau Yam |
| BAF | Qhov Kev Kho Kom Haum Rau Bunker - tus nqi roj ntxiv | $100–$400/TEU |
| THC | Tus Nqi Them Nqi ntawm Chaw Nres Tsheb thaum pib/qhov chaw mus | $150–$300/TEU |
| PSS | Cov Nqi Ntxiv rau Lub Caij Siab Tshaj Plaws (feem ntau yog Q3–Q4) | $200–$600/TEU |
| Cov ntaub ntawv nqi | Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Thauj Khoom thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txog Kev Lis Kev Cai | $ 50– $ 150 |
| Kev Xav Tau Txiaj Ntsig | Kev kaw thawv ntawm chaw nres nkoj dhau hnub pub dawb | $100+/hnub |
Kev xa khoom FCL los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Hamburg feem ntau siv sijhawm ntawm 28 thiab 40 hnub, nyob ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tawm mus, txoj kev xa khoom, thiab seb puas muaj chaw nres nkoj xa mus los ntawm txoj kev. Feem ntau ntawm kev caij nkoj Tuam Tshoj-Tebchaws Europe tseem hla dhau Suez Canal. Xyoo 2024, teeb meem hauv Hiav Txwv Liab tau yuam kom qee tus neeg thauj khoom mus ncig Cape of Good Hope, uas ntxiv 8 txog 12 hnub thiab $ 300 txog $ 500 rau ib lub thawv hauv kev siv roj ntxiv. Qhov xwm txheej no tau txuas ntxiv cuam tshuam rau tus nqi thauj khoom mus txog xyoo 2025.
Tus Qauv Nqi Av: Kev Xam Ib Kauj Ruam
Tus nqi xa khoom yog tus nqi tag nrho ntawm kev xa khoom los ntawm tus neeg tsim khoom mus rau koj lub tsev rau khoom lossis chaw faib khoom hauv lub tebchaws Yelemees. Ua ntej koj teem tus nqi rau ib yam khoom, koj yuav tsum paub tus lej no, tsis yog tom qab cov khoom xa tuaj txog. Muaj ntau theem hauv txoj kev no txij li thaum cov neeg lis kev cai German them VAT ntau dua li tus nqi ntawm cov khoom.
Kauj Ruam 1: Tsim Tus Nqi CIF
Tus nqi ntawm kev lis kev cai German pib nrog CIF (Tus nqi, Kev pov hwm, Kev thauj khoom). Tus nqi khoom FOB, tus nqi ntawm kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb, thiab cargo insurance Yuav tsum muab tus nqi them ua ke ntxiv. Qhov no yog tus lej uas Zoll siv los txiav txim seb yuav tsum them se ntau npaum li cas.
Kauj Ruam 2: Xam Xaj Kev Cai Ua Haujlwm
Siv tus nqi se uas yog rau tus nqi CIF. Tus lej HS (Harmonized System) ntawm koj cov khoom thiab lub tebchaws uas lawv tuaj txiav txim siab tus nqi se. Lub hauv paus ntaub ntawv EU TARIC thiab lub tshuab EZT-online ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemees ob leeg cia koj nrhiav tus nqi. Tus nqi rau cov khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj feem ntau yog txij li 0% (rau qee yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv raw) mus txog 12% lossis ntau dua rau cov khaub ncaws thiab cov ntaub. Qee hom khoom muaj cov se tiv thaiv kev pov tseg ntxiv rau tus nqi se ib txwm muaj.
Kauj Ruam 3: Xam Tus Nqi VAT Los Ntawm Kev Xa Khoom
Tus nqi CIF ntxiv rau tus nqi them rau kev lis kev cai ua rau lub hauv paus VAT xa khoom tuaj. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no yog qhov ua rau tus nqi VAT siab dua li 19%. Koj lub hauv paus VAT nce mus txog € 13,366 yog tias koj tus nqi CIF yog € 12,550 thiab koj cov se yog € 816. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj them 19% ntawm tag nrho, suav nrog cov se.
Kauj Ruam 4: Ntxiv Tag Nrho Cov Nqi Ntxiv
Koj tus nqi tsaws suav nrog ntau tshaj li cov se kev lis kev cai thiab VAT xa khoom tuaj. Nws kuj suav nrog cov nqi tuav chaw nres nkoj (THC), kev lis kev cai brokerage cov nqi, txhua yam tsev khaws nyiaj ntawm chaw nres nkoj, thiab tus nqi ntawm kev tsiv khoom ntawm chaw nres nkoj mus rau koj qhov chaw nyob xa khoom hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Cov nqi no yog qhov tseeb thiab loj heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg tuaj thawj zaug uas tsis xav txog lawv.
Piv txwv ua haujlwm: €10,000 Tus nqi khoom, 20ft FCL xa mus rau Hamburg
| Cov khoom siv kos duab | Tus nqi (EUR) | Sau ntawv |
| Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom (FOB) | €10,000 | Invoice tus nqi |
| Kev Thauj Khoom Thoob Ntiaj Teb (FCL, 20ft) | €2,500 | Tuam Tshoj → Hamburg |
| Kev Pov Hwm Khoom Muag (0.4%) | €50 | Cov khoom + cov nqi thauj khoom |
| Tus nqi CIF (Lub hauv paus kev lis kev cai) | €12,550 | Khoom + Kev Thauj Khoom + Kev Pov Hwm |
| Kev lis kev cai (piv txwv li, 6.5%) | €816 | Nyob ntawm HS code |
| Lub hauv paus VAT xa tawm | €13,366 | CIF + Se |
| Ntshuam VAT (19%) | €2,540 | Siv rau lub hauv paus VAT |
| Chaw nres nkoj tuav & THC | €300 | Cov nqi chaw nres nkoj Hamburg |
| Kev lis kev cai Brokerage | €200 | Tus neeg saib xyuas tus nqi |
| Kev Xa Khoom Hauv Tebchaws (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees) | €350 | Chaw nres nkoj rau warehouse |
| Tag Nrho Cov Nyiaj Tau Los | €16,756 | +67.6% dhau FOB |
Hauv qhov no, cov khoom xa tuaj nrog daim ntawv them nqi Hoobkas ntawm € 10,000 muaj tag nrho cov nqi tsaws ntawm kwv yees li € 16,756, uas yog 67.6% ntau dua li tus nqi pib ntawm cov khoom. Cov lag luam uas tau sau npe rau VAT tuaj yeem tau txais rov qab qhov VAT xa khoom (€ 2,540), uas txo qhov nqi tiag tiag uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau mus txog li € 14,216. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb tias VAT raug khi rau hauv cov peev txheej ua haujlwm thaum tos kom rov qab tau yog qhov teeb meem loj rau cov lag luam uas tab tom loj hlob.
Cov Kev Xav Txog Kev Ua Raws Cai Tseem Ceeb rau Lub Tebchaws Yelemees xyoo 2025–2026
Lub teb chaws Yelemees muaj cov cai thiab kev cai nruj heev rau kev xa khoom tuaj uas tau ua raws li txoj cai. Muaj ntau cov kauj ruam ua raws li txoj cai uas koj yuav tsum ua ua ntej koj thawj zaug xa khoom FCL mus rau Hamburg.
Yog tias ib lub lag luam xav coj cov khoom mus rau hauv EU, nws yuav tsum tau txais tus lej EORI (Kev Sau Npe thiab Kev Txheeb Xyuas Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm Kev Lag Luam). Koj cov khoom thauj yuav raug khaws cia rau ntawm kev lis kev cai yam tsis muaj nws. Yog tias koj yog ib lub tuam txhab los ntawm sab nraud EU uas tab tom coj cov khoom mus rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, koj yuav tsum tau sau npe VAT German lossis tus neeg sawv cev nyiaj txiag. Pib txij lub Ib Hlis 2025, EU Txoj Haujlwm Lag Luam Me raws li Tshooj 19a ntawm German VAT Act yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov lag luam me uas ua tau raws li qee yam kev cai los ua lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov neeg xa khoom lag luam uas ua haujlwm ntawm FCL scale tseem yuav tsum tau sau npe rau VAT tag nrho.
Kev ua raws li cov cai tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom kuj tseem ceeb ib yam. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj cov cim CE thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia WEEE. Yuav kom muag cov khoom no hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, koj yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv sau npe WEEE-Reg.-Nr. Cov khoom uas poob rau hauv cov cai REACH, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub siv, yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv raug. Cov ntaub ntawv uas kov tau cov khoom noj yuav tsum tau kev pom zoo LFGB. Yog tias koj tsis qhia cov ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog, cov neeg lis kev cai yuav khaws koj cov khoom, yuam koj kom xa rov qab mus rau lwm lub teb chaws, lossis rhuav tshem lawv ntawm koj tus nqi.
EU tau hloov nws lub npe hu ua Combined Nomenclature rau xyoo 2025, ntxiv cov npe tshiab rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion (HS 8507) thiab cov khoom lag luam uas tsis ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj, thiab lwm yam. Qhov no yog vim tias HS code kev faib tawm muab lub hauv paus rau kev xam cov se kom raug. Ib qho ntawm cov yuam kev feem ntau thiab kim tshaj plaws hauv kev xa khoom tuaj yog kev faib tawm tsis raug. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov se tsis tau them txaus (uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev thov them rov qab thiab nplua) lossis cov se them ntau dhau (uas txhais tau tias tso nyiaj rau ntawm lub rooj). Ua ntej koj book koj cov khoom xa tuaj, ib txwm xyuas koj cov lej HS piv rau cov ntaub ntawv EU TARIC tshiab tshaj plaws.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Topway Shipping Txhawb Koj Txoj Haujlwm FCL Tuam Tshoj-mus rau Lub Tebchaws Yelemees
Topway Shipping, uas nyob hauv Shenzhen, Suav teb, tau yog ib lub tuam txhab muab kev pabcuam logistics hla ciam teb txij li xyoo 2010. Topway Shipping muaj lub koob npe nrov rau kev teem nqi meej, kev txhawb nqa kev ua raws li txoj cai, thiab kev pom tseeb thoob plaws cov saw hlau nyuaj. Qhov no yog vim nws pab pawg tsim muaj ntau tshaj 15 xyoo ntawm kev paub txog kev thauj mus los thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai.
Topway Shipping ua txhua yam kev thauj mus los rau cov neeg xa khoom uas xa khoom FCL los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees. Qhov no suav nrog kev tuaj tos cov khoom ntawm lub hoobkas, kev sau npe thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv thiab cov ntaub ntawv, kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai hauv Hamburg lossis Bremen, thiab xa lawv mus rau koj lub tsev rau khoom lossis chaw ua tiav nyob qhov twg hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Vim tias cov neeg ua haujlwm paub ntau txog EU cov cai lis kev cai, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias koj muaj tus lej HS thiab cov ntaub ntawv raug txij thaum pib. Qhov no txo qhov muaj feem yuav qeeb lossis teeb meem nrog kev ua raws li ciam teb.
Topway Shipping tuaj yeem xa ob qho tib si FCL thiab LCL kev thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv los ntawm txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj loj hauv Suav teb, xws li Shenzhen, Shanghai, Ningbo, Guangzhou, Qingdao, thiab Tianjin, mus rau cov chaw nres nkoj tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb. Pab neeg yuav kho qhov kev daws teeb meem kom haum rau koj cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom thiab lub sijhawm, txawm tias koj tsiv lub thawv 20-foot ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, 40-foot High Cube ntawm rooj tog, lossis sib xyaw cov khoom xa tuaj LCL me dua los txuag nyiaj. Cov kev daws teeb meem khaws cia khoom txawv teb chaws hauv Tebchaws Europe muab ntau txoj kev xaiv rau cov tuam txhab thaum nws los txog rau kev tswj cov khoom muag hauv ntau dua ib lub khw lossis xav tau qhov chaw los teeb tsa cov khoom ua ntej lawv raug xa tawm.
Ib qho ntawm tej yam uas Topway Shipping ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog kev pab nrog kev npaj tus nqi thauj khoom. Pab neeg tsis yog tsuas yog muab tus nqi thauj khoom xwb; lawv kuj ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg xa khoom tuaj kom qhia lawv tag nrho daim duab tus nqi, suav nrog kev thauj khoom, kev lis kev cai, VAT, thiab lwm yam nqi, yog li tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob thaum cov khoom xa tuaj txog. Cov ntaub ntawv meej no ua ntej yog qhov pab tau zoo rau cov koom haum uas tshiab rau kev xa khoom FCL mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees. Rau cov neeg xa khoom paub dhau los, qhov no txhais tau tias txiav txim siab zoo dua txog tus nqi thiab khaws cov nqi khoom muag zoo dua.
Yog tias koj lub lag luam tab tom loj hlob thiab koj xav tau tus khub logistics uas paub ob qho tib si sab xa khoom Suav thiab cov cai xa khoom German, Topway Shipping tuaj yeem pab koj nrog qhov ntawd txij thaum pib.
Cov Tswv Yim Los Txhim Kho Koj Tus Nqi Av
Kauj ruam thawj zaug yog nkag siab txog cov qauv. Cov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag los ntawm kev ua kom nws zoo dua. Cov neeg xa khoom tuaj uas mob siab txog kev tswj cov nqi tsaws muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv.
Kev xaiv Incoterms zoo hloov leej twg yog tus lav ris rau qhov twg ntawm txoj kev mus ncig thiab leej twg them rau nws. FOB (Free on Board) yog cov lus siv ntau tshaj plaws rau kev xa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Nws muab kev tswj hwm rau koj ntawm kev booking freight, yog li koj tuaj yeem tham ncaj qha rau koj tus neeg xa khoom es tsis txhob them tus nqi xa khoom. Nrog DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), tus neeg muag khoom lossis tus neeg muab kev pabcuam logistics saib xyuas txhua yam, suav nrog cov se thiab VAT. Qhov no ua rau tej yam yooj yim dua, tab sis feem ntau nws raug nqi ntau dua thiab yuav ua rau nws nyuaj rau pom tag nrho cov qauv nqi.
Tus nqi xa khoom txhua yam khoom yuav nce lossis nqis nyob ntawm seb siv pes tsawg lub thawv. Lub thawv 40ft feem ntau kim dua 25–40% dua li lub thawv 20ft, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ntim tau ob npaug ntau dua. Yog tias koj cov khoom yuav luag puv, lub thawv 20-foot, kev txav mus rau lub thawv 40-foot yuav luag ib txwm txuag koj cov nyiaj ib chav. Txhua yam khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua qhov kwv yees CBM kom raug ua ntej booking thiab ntim khoom hauv txoj hauv kev uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
Koj tuaj yeem txuag tau nyiaj ntau los ntawm kev teem sijhawm rau koj cov khoom xa tuaj kom lawv tsis txhob poob thaum lub caij siab tshaj plaws. Cov nqi thauj khoom feem ntau nce siab heev hauv peb lub hlis thib peb thiab plaub thaum cov neeg xa khoom tuaj npaj rau hnub so thiab Xyoo Tshiab Suav. Yog tias koj txoj kev npaj khoom muag tau yooj ywm, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau 15–30% ntawm cov nqi thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv los ntawm kev teem caij sab nraum cov qhov rai no thiab xauv cov nqi nrog koj tus neeg xa khoom los ntawm cov ntawv cog lus xa mus tom ntej lossis cov ntawv cog lus kev pabcuam mus sij hawm ntev. Yog tias koj muaj lub tuam txhab uas them VAT, kev ua haujlwm nrog koj tus neeg ua haujlwm kev lis kev cai los ua kom koj txoj kev npaj ncua VAT xa khoom tuaj kom zoo li sai tau kuj tseem yuav pab koj cov peev txheej ua haujlwm.
xaus
Thaum koj xa khoom FCL los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemes, muaj ntau tus nqi ntau dua li tus nqi thauj khoom hauv dej hiav txwv thiab tus nqi Hoobkas. Tus nqi tsaws tuaj yeem siab dua 60% ntawm koj tus nqi FOB vim yog 19% German ntshuam VAT, cov se kev lis kev cai raws li koj tus lej HS thiab tus nqi CIF, cov nqi tuav chaw nres nkoj, cov nqi brokerage, thiab cov nqi xa khoom hauv av. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib txoj haujlwm suav nyiaj hauv chaw ua haujlwm kom nkag siab thiab kwv yees meej txog daim duab tag nrho tus nqi. Nws yog kev xaiv ua lag luam pem hauv ntej uas txiav txim siab seb cov khoom puas tsim nyog xa tuaj.
Thaum koj paub cov qauv lawm, nws yooj yim heev: pib nrog tus nqi CIF, ntxiv tus nqi se kev lis kev cai, xam 19% VAT ntawm tag nrho cov se uas suav nrog, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv tag nrho lwm cov nqi. Ua qhov kev suav lej no ua ntej koj tso ib qho kev txiav txim, tsis yog tom qab lub thawv xa khoom.
Thaum koj ua haujlwm nrog tus khub logistics zoo li Topway Shipping los tswj koj cov haujlwm FCL los ntawm Shenzhen lossis lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj loj hauv Suav teb mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees, koj tau txais kev paub uas koj xav tau los tswj kev ua raws li kev lis kev cai, xaiv cov thawv zoo tshaj plaws, thiab npaj koj cov nqi tiag tiag. Lub tswv yim tsis yog tsuas yog thauj khoom xwb; nws yog ua li ntawd hauv txoj hauv kev uas khwv tau nyiaj.
FAQ
Q: Tus nqi VAT ntawm German rau feem ntau cov khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj tam sim no yog dab tsi?
A: Tus nqi VAT ib txwm muaj nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees yog 19% ntawm tus nqi CIF ntawm cov khoom ntxiv rau txhua yam se. Tus nqi qis dua ntawm 7% siv rau ntau hom khoom, xws li phau ntawv thiab qee yam khoom noj.
Q: Kuv puas tuaj yeem thov rov qab tau VAT ntshuam uas tau them hauv lub tebchaws Yelemees?
A: Yog, yog tias koj lub lag luam tau sau npe rau VAT hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab koj tab tom coj cov khoom lag luam los siv rau kev lag luam lossis kev muag khoom, koj tuaj yeem tau txais rov qab VAT los ntawm kev xa rov qab VAT. Cov tib neeg thiab cov lag luam uas tsis tau sau npe rau VAT yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais nws rov qab.
Q: FCL shipping ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas?
A: Kev thauj mus los ntawm chaw nres nkoj mus rau chaw nres nkoj feem ntau siv sijhawm ntawm 28 thiab 40 hnub, nyob ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tawm mus thiab txoj kev. Tag nrho, kev xa khoom mus rau qhov rooj, suav nrog kev ua tiav kev lis kev cai thiab kev xa khoom hauv lub tebchaws, feem ntau siv sijhawm 35 txog 55 hnub.
Q: Qhov txawv ntawm cov se kev lis kev cai thiab VAT ntshuam yog dab tsi?
A: Tus lej HS thiab lub tebchaws keeb kwm ntawm koj cov khoom tsim cov nqi se, uas yog tus nqi lag luam. VAT xa tuaj yog se rau cov khoom uas raug them ntawm tus nqi hauv tebchaws ib txwm ntawm 19%. VAT xa tuaj yog raws li tus nqi CIF ntxiv rau tus nqi se, uas txhais tau tias cov se suav nrog hauv VAT puag.
Q: Kuv puas xav tau tus lej EORI kom xa khoom FCL mus rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees?
A: Yog. Txhua lub tuam txhab uas coj khoom mus rau hauv EU yuav tsum muaj tus lej EORI (Kev Sau Npe thiab Kev Txheeb Xyuas Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm Kev Lag Luam). Koj cov khoom xa tuaj yuav raug daig ntawm cov chaw lis kev cai yog tias koj tsis muaj nws. Cov lag luam hauv EU yuav tsum thov los ntawm lawv lub tebchaws lub chaw lis kev cai. Cov lag luam sab nraud EU tuaj yeem sau npe ncaj qha nrog German lis kev cai.
Q: Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum xaiv FCL dua LCL rau kev xa khoom mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees?
A: FCL yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua thaum koj cov khoom xa tuaj loj dua li 12–15 CBM, thaum kev ruaj ntseg khoom thauj khoom tseem ceeb, lossis thaum koj xav tau koj cov khoom mus txog qhov ntawd sai dua yam tsis muaj kev ncua sijhawm uas los nrog LCL. LCL yog ib txoj hauv kev pheej yig rau kev xa cov pob khoom me me vim nws sib koom qhov chaw thawv nrog lwm tus neeg xa khoom.
