Nthuav Nqi nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj mus rau Teb Chaws Asmeskas Dej hiav txwv Freight thiab yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob lawv
Introduction
Yog tias koj nqa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas, tej zaum koj yuav tau muaj qhov no tshwm sim: koj tau txais tus nqi "zoo" rau kev thauj khoom hiav txwv, xa cov khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd koj lub inbox sau nrog cov nqi ntxiv thiab cov kab coj txawv txawv uas koj tsis tau xav txog. Tus nqi kawg yog ntau dua li qhov kev tsocai koj tau pom zoo rau thaum koj pob tuaj txog.
Ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem hu cov kab no ntxiv "cov nqi zais." Lawv tsis zais qhov tseeb ntawm txoj cai lij choj, tab sis qee zaum lawv tsis tau piav qhia zoo, faus rau hauv cov ntawv me me, lossis tsuas yog tso tawm tom qab cov khoom xa tuaj twb nyob rau hauv dej los yog tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. Cov nqi uas tsis tau pom dua no tuaj yeem txhais tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua nyiaj thiab poob nyiaj rau cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov muag online.
Kev thauj khoom hiav txwv hiav txwv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas suav nrog cov chaw tsim khoom, cov tsheb thauj khoom, cov tsev khaws khoom, cov chaw nres nkoj, cov neeg nqa dej hiav txwv, kev lis kev cai, brokers, thiab cov neeg nqa khoom kawg. Raws li txoj cai, ob tog tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau lawv cov kev pabcuam. Yog tias koj tsis paub dab tsi cov nuj nqis suav nrog hauv koj qhov kev tsocai thiab qhov tsis yog, cov nqi yuav zoo li zais.
Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tham txog cov nqi zais ntau tshaj plaws rau kev thauj khoom hiav txwv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas, vim li cas lawv tshwm sim, thiab yuav ua li cas kom zam lossis txo lawv. Peb tseem yuav qhia koj txog kev ua haujlwm nrog lub tuam txhab kev lag luam xws li Topway Shipping tuaj yeem pab koj pom tias cov nqi ntau npaum li cas thiab ua kom koj cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Dab tsi "Tag Nrho-In" Tiag Tiag hauv Tuam Tshoj mus rau Tebchaws Meskas Dej hiav txwv Freight
Ntau cov lus hais txog kev thauj khoom suav nrog cov lus "tag nrho-hauv tus nqi" lossis "tus nqi ntawm qhov rooj." Tu siab, "tag nrho-hauv" tuaj yeem txhais tau ntau yam sib txawv nyob ntawm seb leej twg muab cov lus tsocai thiab cov kev pabcuam twg suav nrog.
Koj tus nqi rau kev thauj khoom hiav txwv thoob ntiaj teb tuaj yeem tawg ua ob peb qhov tseem ceeb:
- Tus nqi ntawm keeb kwm nyob rau hauv Suav teb
- Main dej hiav txwv ceg (ntawm chaw nres nkoj mus rau chaw nres nkoj)
- Tus nqi ntawm kev mus ncig hauv Tebchaws Meskas
- Ntxiv uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau (kev pov hwm, kev tuav pov hwm tshwj xeeb, cov kev pabcuam muaj nqis ntxiv)
Qee tus neeg xa khoom tsuas yog suav nrog qhov chaw nres nkoj-rau-chaw nres nkoj thauj khoom thiab sau nws "tag nrho-hauv" vim tias lawv muab cov nqi thauj khoom thiab cov nqi roj ntxiv. Qee lub tuam txhab muab tus nqi ntawm qhov rooj-rau-qhov rooj uas suav nrog kev tuaj tos, txheej txheem xa tawm, thauj dej hiav txwv, kev lis kev cai, thiab kev xa khoom zaum kawg. Koj yuav tsum paub meej txog yam uas cuam tshuam nrog koj txoj haujlwm.
Koj yuav tsum paub tias leej twg yog tus thawj players:
- Lub Hoobkas lossis tus neeg muag khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj
- Lub freight forwarder, uas yuav nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, Teb Chaws Asmeskas, los yog ob qho tib si
- Dej hiav txwv carrier
- Terminals thiab chaw cia khoom
- Kev lag luam tsheb thauj khoom thaum pib thiab xaus ntawm kev mus ncig
- Kev lis kev cai thiab ciam teb tswj cov koom haum
- Cov neeg nqa khoom kawg-mais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev yuav khoom hauv online
Yog tias tej yam tsis mus raws li qhov tau npaj tseg, cov ntaub ntawv no tau lig, cov thawv ntim khoom zaum ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj, lossis kev lis kev cai xaiv koj cov khoom xa tuaj rau kev kuaj xyuas, txhua lub tuam txhab yuav them koj ntau dua. Kev ncua sijhawm, tsis ua raws li cov cai, lossis tsis paub meej txog leej twg yog lub luag haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau "cov nqi zais."
Ib nqe lus hais meej meej yuav hais tias:
- Qhov kev pabcuam meej (piv txwv li, FOB Shenzhen rau Qhov Rooj Los Angeles, DAP Amazon warehouse, DDP, thiab lwm yam)
- Cov nqi twg suav nrog tus nqi
- Cov nqi uas xav tau tab sis tsis suav nrog (xws li, kev lis kev cai, nqi kuaj, demurrage)
- Cov xwm txheej twg tuaj yeem tsim cov nqi ntxiv (piv txwv li, cia tom qab X hnub dawb)
Thaum cov ntsiab lus no ploj lawm lossis tsis meej, koj muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob.
Common Hidden Charges ntawm Keeb Kwm hauv Suav teb
Muaj ntau tus nqi uas tuaj yeem tuaj ua ntej koj cov khoom xa tuaj txawm tawm hauv Suav teb uas koj yuav tsis xav txog. Qee qhov zoo li qub thiab ncaj ncees, tab sis lwm tus yuav siab dua qhov lawv yuav tsum tau lossis them nyiaj ob zaug yog tias nws tsis pom meej tias leej twg yog tus saib xyuas ntawm koj tus neeg xa khoom thiab koj tus neeg xa khoom xa tuaj.
Importers feem ntau xav tsis thoob los ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb-sab:
- Nqi rau export cov ntaub ntawv
- Nqi rau kev lis kev cai tshaj tawm los yog kev lis kev cai clearance rau exports
- Terminal tuav nqi (THC) thaum pib
- Cia thiab tuav
- Muab cov khoom tso rau ntawm pallets, ntim lawv, sau npe rau lawv, thiab muab barcodes rau lawv
- Cov nqi ntxiv rau kev thauj khoom (tso lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm thaj chaw deb)
- Keeb kwm demurrage thiab cov nqi khaws cia siv thaum ntim lossis cov khoom thauj zaum ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntev dhau.
Nov yog cov lus piav qhia yooj yim ntawm cov nqi no los pab koj nkag siab lawv zoo dua:
| Keeb kwm Charge Type | Hom Scenario | Thaum nws dhau los ua "Hidden" Charge |
|---|---|---|
| Export Cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi | Freight forwarder npaj cov ntaub ntawv shipping thiab daim nqi ntawm lading. | Tsis hais hauv nqe lus; tshwm raws li ib daim ntawv them nqi cais tom qab xa khoom xa tuaj. |
| Export Kev lis kev cai tshaj tawm | Ua ntaub ntawv export nkag nrog Suav kev lis kev cai. | Tus neeg xa khoom xav tias tus xa khoom yuav them; forwarder xav tias tus neeg muag khoom yuav them; koj yuav tau them nqi tom qab. |
| Keeb kwm THC (Terminal Handling) | Chaw nres nkoj tsub rau tuav cov thawv lossis LCL cov khoom thauj ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj keeb kwm. | Tsuas yog "dej hiav txwv freight" yog hais; THC tau teev tseg tom qab cov khoom thauj nyob ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. |
| Khoom & tuav | Cargo khaws cia lossis sib sau ua ke hauv warehouse ua ntej thauj khoom. | Lub sijhawm pub dawb yog dhau los lossis kev sib sau ua ke yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua; khaws cia thiab tuav cov nqi them tom qab ntawd. |
| Palletizing & Ntim | Cargo yuav tsum tau rov ntim dua lossis palletized kom tau raws li tus neeg nqa khoom lossis tus neeg yuav khoom. | Tus neeg muab khoom tsis suav nrog kev ntim khoom kom raug; forwarder tsub nqi ntxiv kom ua raws. |
| Trucking Surcharges | Lub sijhawm tos, kev ua haujlwm hmo ntuj lossis qhov chaw tuaj tos tej thaj chaw deb. | Hoobkas ncua kev thauj khoom; lub tsheb tos ntev dua li lub sijhawm pub dawb thiab cov xuab moos ntxiv tau them rau koj. |
| Keeb Kwm Cia / Demurrage | Thawv nyob ntev dhau ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg ua ntej thauj khoom. | Cov ntaub ntawv lig, kev them nyiaj, lossis teeb meem kev lis kev cai ua rau qeeb; cov nqi xa mus rau tus neeg xa khoom. |
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias cov nqi hauv paus yog nyob ntawm ntau tus neeg tswj hwm ntawm koj, koj tus neeg muab khoom, thiab koj tus xa khoom. Qhov no yog thaum Incoterms zoo li FOB, EXW, FCA, thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb heev.
Thaum koj yuav FOB (Free On Board), koj tus neeg muag khoom ib txwm tswj hwm cov txheej txheem xa tawm thiab tau txais cov khoom ntawm lub nkoj, uas suav nrog ntau tus nqi keeb kwm. Thaum koj yuav EXW (Ex Works), koj ua lub luag haujlwm ntau dua. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias koj tus neeg xa khoom qhia meej meej sau tag nrho cov nqi keeb kwm kom lawv tsis txhob poob.
Nthuav Nqi Thaum Dej Hiav Txwv Leg
Txawm hais tias koj cov khoom twb nyob rau hauv lub nkoj, tej zaum koj tseem yuav tau them ntau dua. Ntau ntawm cov no yog cov nqi ntxiv los ntawm cov neeg nqa dej hiav txwv thiab dhau los ntawm cov neeg xa khoom xa tuaj.
Qee cov nqi zais uas tshwm sim thaum mus ncig yog:
- Fuel surcharges lossis Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF)
- Tsawg sulfur lossis ib puag ncig tus nqi
- Txiaj Ntsig Kev Kho Tus Kheej (CAF)
- Peak Season Surcharge (PSS)
- General Rate Nce (GRI)
- Cov nqi ntxiv rau thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev (xws li tus nqi congestion)
- Cov nuj nqis ntxiv rau cov khoom siv lossis cov thawv ntim khoom tsis sib xws
- Tus nqi rau dov yog tias cov thawv tsis tuaj yeem npaj lub nkoj
Cov nqi no feem ntau tau teev nyob rau hauv cov ntawv luam zoo tab sis tsis tau sau meej meej thaum pib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus neeg nqa khoom tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm cov nyiaj kawg. Qhov kawg tshwm sim yuav yog dej hiav txwv freight uas raug nqi ntau tshaj qhov koj xav tias nws yuav.
Ntawm no yog ib daim duab ntawm yuav ua li cas cov surcharges feem ntau ua haujlwm:
| Dej hiav txwv Surcharge | lub hom phiaj | Vim Li Cas Nws Ncaim |
|---|---|---|
| BAF / Fuel Surcharge | Compensates cov cab kuj rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi roj. | Qhia cais los ntawm tus nqi pib; Tus nqi yuav hloov ntawm hnub tsocai thiab hnub caij nkoj. |
| Tsawg Sulfur / Ib puag ncig tus nqi | Cov nqi them ua raws li cov kev cai emission (piv txwv li, IMO 2020). | Qee zaum sau npe nrog cov lus tsis paub zoo; Cov neeg xa khoom xav tias "suav nrog" hauv kev thauj khoom tab sis nws yuav raug them nqi tom qab. |
| CAF (Txhim kho qhov txiaj ntsig) | Tiv thaiv tus neeg nqa khoom los ntawm kev pheej hmoo pauv txiaj. | Siv raws li qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom thauj; tsis tshua tau piav qhia ua lus dawb rau cov neeg xa khoom me me. |
| Peak Season Surcharge (PSS) | Tus nqi ntxiv thaum lub caij xav tau siab heev. | Tshaj tawm ntawm tus nqi qis thiab tom qab ntawd PSS tau ntxiv los ze zog rau kev tawm mus thaum qhov kev thov muaj zog. |
| General Rate nce (GRI) | Kev ua lag luam thoob plaws tus nqi thauj khoom nce tau tshaj tawm ib ntus los ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom. | Cov neeg tuaj yeem tau txais ib daim ntawv tso cai thiab tom qab ntawv ceeb toom tias cov nqi yuav siab dua vim GRI, tom qab kev npaj tiav. |
| Emergency/Congestion Surcharge | Them nyiaj ntxiv ib ntus vim qhov chaw nres nkoj congestion, ntaus, lossis lwm yam cuam tshuam. | Qhia nrog luv luv; cov neeg siv khoom xav tias tus thawj quote yog zaum kawg. |
| Cov Khoom Siv Tsis Txaus Siab Surcharge | Them rau reposition ntim thaum muaj qhov tsis txaus hauv qee qhov chaw. | Tsis to taub los ntawm shippers; lawv tsuas pom cov kab tshiab yam tsis nkag siab txog qhov teeb meem tsis sib xws. |
| Rollover Nqi | Them thaum lub thawv nco nws lub nkoj booked thiab dov mus rau ib qho tom qab. | Ua los ntawm VGM lig, cov ntaub ntawv, lossis overbooking; importers xav blindsided los ntawm tus nqi no. |
Txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm kev tsis txaus siab yog nug koj tus neeg xa khoom yog tias koj tus nqi suav nrog tag nrho cov nqi paub rau lub sijhawm caij nkoj thiab paub tias cov levies tseem yuav hloov pauv ua ntej koj mus.
Hidden Charges on Arrival in the USA
Ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem pom tias cov nqi zais tsis zoo tshaj plaws tshwm sim thaum cov khoom thauj mus rau US chaw nres nkoj xws li Los Angeles / Long Beach, Oakland, Seattle, New York / New Jersey, Savannah, lossis Houston. Thaum koj cov khoom mus txog qhov ntawd, koj muaj cai tsawg dua los sib tham. Yuav kom tau txais koj cov khoom thauj dawb, koj yuav tsum them qee cov nqi. Yog tias koj tsis ua, koj tuaj yeem ntsib kev tsis txaus siab, raug kaw, thiab npau taws rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Qee cov nqi zais zais rau ntawm qhov chaw sab nraud yog:
- Destination Terminal Handling Charges (DTHC)
- Nqi rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev xa khoom xa tuaj
- Cov kev pabcuam ntxiv thiab kev lis kev cai brokerage nqi
- ISF (Importer Security Filing) cov nqi lossis nplua rau kev ua ntawv lig
- Kev kuaj xyuas kev lis kev cai thiab cov nqi uas mus nrog lawv (CET, VACIS / X-ray, thiab kev kuaj mob hnyav)
- Nqi rau chaw nres nkoj ruaj ntseg thiab wharfage
- Cov nqi siv lub chassis
- Cov nqi them rau pier hla lossis chaw nres nkoj congestion hauv qee qhov chaw nres nkoj
- Cov nqi tos tsheb thauj khoom, teem caij, thiab nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam
- Nqa cov khoom tawm ntawm lub tsev rau khoom, muab tso rau hauv pallets, kos lawv, thiab muab tso tseg
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qee qhov kev them nqi tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem ntes koj los ntawm kev xav tsis thoob:
| Hom Kev Them Nyiaj | Hom Scenario | Yuav Ua Li Cas Hloov Rau Tus Nqi "Hidden" |
|---|---|---|
| Qhov chaw THC (DTHC) | Chaw nres nkoj nqi rau unloading thawv thiab tuav ntawm lub sij hawm tuaj txog. | Tsis tau teev nyob rau hauv "dej hiav txwv freight" quote; tus neeg sawv cev hauv zos sau nqi nws cais kom tso lub thawv. |
| Delivery Order / Doc Nqi | Tus neeg saib xyuas teeb meem kev xa khoom kom tus neeg nqa khoom tuaj nqa lub thawv. | Tus nqi me me ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug ntawm ntau cov khoom xa tuaj; tsis tshua tau nthuav tawm ua ntej hauv cov lus yooj yim. |
| Kev lis kev cai Brokerage | Daim ntawv tso cai broker cov ntaub ntawv nkag nrog US Customs. | Tsuas yog hais tias "kev lis kev cai tsis suav nrog" hauv kev tsocai; tus nqi tiag tiag thiab ntxiv-ons tshwm tom qab. |
| ISF Cov Nqi Them Nqi / Kev nplua | ISF yuav tsum tau foob 24 teev ua ntej lub nkoj tawm. | Kev xa ntawv lig lossis ua yuam kev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nplua; importers xav forwarder "suav nrog" ISF tab sis nws tsis yog. |
| Customs Exams & Kuaj | Kev soj ntsuam Random lossis pheej hmoo los ntawm CBP lossis cov koom haum cuam tshuam. | Quotes tsis tshua muaj cov nqi xeem; daim nqi tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab tuaj raws li kev xav tsis thoob. |
| Tus nqi siv chassis | Trucker yuav tsum siv lub chassis txav lub thawv los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. | Tsis suav nrog hauv kab-tau tus nqi, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw nres nkoj nrog chassis pas dej ua ke; invoiced cais tom qab xa khoom. |
| Chaw nres nkoj Congestion / PierPass | Kev them nqi ntxiv rau cov thawv txav thaum lub sijhawm siab tshaj plaws hauv qee qhov chaw nres nkoj hauv Asmeskas. | Cov neeg tuaj yeem tsis paub txog cov cai hauv chaw nres nkoj; pom qhov no yog "ntxiv" txawm tias yog tus qauv hauv cheeb tsam ntawd. |
| Tsheb tos lub sij hawm | Trucker tos vim qhov chaw nres nkoj qeeb lossis qeeb thauj khoom / tshem tawm ntawm tus neeg xa khoom. | Trucking quotes suav nrog cov sijhawm dawb txwv; cov xuab moos ntxiv raug them nqi ntawm tus nqi hwm. |
| Warehouse Handling & Cia | Thawv unpacked rau hauv ib lub warehouse; cia yog tias cargo tsis tuaj tos sai. | Cov hnub pub dawb tshaj dhau los yog ncua sij hawm; cov nqi khaws cia txhua teev lossis txhua hnub tau nce ntxiv. |
| Kev Xav Tau Txiaj Ntsig | Cargo tseem nyob hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg dhau lub sijhawm dawb ua ntej tuaj tos. | ncua kev them nyiaj, cov ntaub ntawv, kev lis kev cai tso tawm, lossis kev thauj khoom; demurrage accumulates txhua hnub ntawm tus nqi nce. |
| Detention (Per Diem) | Thawv khaws cia los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom lossis tus neeg thauj khoom dhau hnub pub dawb sab nraum lub davhlau ya nyob twg. | Tsis muaj kev npaj rau devanning thiab rov qab los; ib hnub twg rau ib lub thawv tsub nqi tuaj yeem nce sai. |
Ntau tus nqi no tsis tuaj yeem zam tau hauv txoj cai, tab sis cov nyiaj koj them thiab ntau npaum li cas koj ntsib lawv tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev npaj zoo thiab kev sib koom ua lag luam pob tshab.
Vim li cas qee cov Quotes saib pheej yig tab sis raug nqi ntau dua thaum kawg
Yog tias koj thov ntau tshaj ib nqe lus rau kev xa khoom hiav txwv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas, qee lub koom haum yuav muab rau koj tus nqi qis tshaj qhov koj xav tau. Yog tias tag nrho cov quotes hais ib yam dab tsi zoo li "FOB Shanghai rau Qhov Rooj Los Angeles," nws yooj yim xav mus nrog tus nqi qis tshaj.
Tab sis tus nqi qis qis tuaj yeem txhais tau tias ntau tus nqi hauv zos tau ploj lawm lossis tsis suav nrog thawj qhov kev thov. Qee cov tswv yim sib xws yog:
- Tsuas yog cov khoom thauj dej hiav txwv thiab ob peb tus nqi pib tau hais, tawm ntawm cov nqi davhlau ya nyob twg, cov ntaub ntawv, chassis, thiab lwm yam nqi hauv zos.
- Siv cov lus tsis meej xws li "ntxiv rau qhov chaw them nqi" yam tsis tau muab lub tswv yim ntawm cov nqi them yuav yog dab tsi.
- Thaum shipping LCL, lawv them tsawg dua rau qhov ntim lossis qhov hnyav dua li qhov lawv yuav tsum tau thiab tom qab ntawd them nqi qhov txawv thaum cov khoom thauj khoom hnyav ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg.
- Tsis txhob hais tias demurrage, kaw, lossis cia tom qab hnub dawb yuav raug nqi ntau heev.
- Muab ntau heev los ntawm ib qhov chaw nres nkoj hauv Suav teb tab sis tsis tau hais tias kev thauj mus los rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm koj lub chaw yuav raug nqi ntau dua li xaiv qhov chaw nres nkoj ze dua.
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob saib tus nqi thauj khoom hauv paus thaum koj sib piv cov nqi sib tw; koj kuj yuav tsum saib tus nqi tsaws. Qhia rau txhua tus kws kho mob kom piav qhia:
- Cov nqi dab tsi suav nrog hauv daim ntawv tsocai
- Yuav them nqi dab tsi tab sis tsis sau npe
- Qhov xwm txheej twg tuaj yeem ua rau raug nqi ntxiv
Yog tias daim ntawv tso cai tsis tau piav qhia meej txog cov no, tej zaum koj yuav tau them tus nqi pheej hmoo tom qab hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus nqi zais.
Cov tswv yim kom zam lossis txo cov nqi zais
Tsis muaj tus nqi zais tsis txhais tau tias tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev siv nyiaj ntxiv; Nws suav nrog kev paub txog lawv ua ntej, npaj rau lawv, thiab txiav cov uas koj tsis xav tau. Cov lus qhia no muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb rau kev xa khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas los ntawm hiav txwv.
Xaiv txoj cai Incoterms nrog koj tus neeg muab khoom
Ntawm txhua kauj ruam, Incoterms qhia rau koj tias leej twg yog tus saib xyuas kev thauj mus los thiab cov nqi. FOB yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau tus neeg xa khoom me me thiab nruab nrab vim tias tus neeg muag khoom saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm thiab muab cov khoom tso rau hauv lub nkoj. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tswj hwm tus nqi thauj khoom thawj zaug thiab cov nqi xa mus los ntawm koj tus neeg xa khoom xaiv.
Yog tias koj yuav EXW, npaj rau cov nqi ntxiv, thiab xyuas kom koj tus neeg xa khoom qhia meej meej tag nrho cov nqi keeb kwm uas koj yuav tau them. Yog tias koj nyob ntawm CIF cov lus hais los ntawm koj tus neeg xa khoom, koj tuaj yeem pom tias tus neeg muag khoom tus neeg sawv cev hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tswj cov nqi them nqi. Qhov no tej zaum yuav ua rau cov nqi hauv zos ntau dhau thiab tsis meej.
Thaum koj ua hauj lwm nrog tus khub logistics txhim khu kev qha, koj tuaj yeem khiav ntawm "pheej yig freight hiav txwv, kim qhov chaw nqi" ntxiab los ntawm kev ua tib zoo xaiv Incoterms.
Thov kom paub meej tus nqi them ua ntej
Tsis yog tsuas yog lees txais ib tus lej "tag nrho-hauv", nug rau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws uas tawg:
- Nqi rau lub hauv paus
- Lub ntsiab dej hiav txwv freight thiab lwm yam nqi
- Nqi rau qhov chaw
- Cov kev pabcuam ntxiv (xws li kev tuav pov hwm, kev cia khoom, kev lis kev cai brokerage, thiab lwm yam)
Tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum tuaj yeem qhia koj txog qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm txhua kab, txawm tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj raws nraim li cas txhua tus yuav raug nqi ua ntej (piv txwv li, kev kuaj kev lis kev cai tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees).
Tus neeg xa khoom meej kuj tseem yuav qhia koj txog cov nqi uas lawv tswj tsis tau, xws li kev lis kev cai lossis kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem pab koj nkag siab txog kev pheej hmoo thiab npaj koj cov peev nyiaj raws li.
Qhia kom meej Lub Sijhawm Dawb thiab Txoj Cai Cia
Demurrage thiab kaw tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom thauj uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau nyiaj poob nyiaj. Ua ntej shipping, xyuas kom meej:
- Cov hnub pub dawb uas koj muaj nyob rau ntawm US chaw nres nkoj ua ntej demurrage pib
- Muaj pes tsawg hnub koj yuav tsum xa rov qab lub thawv khoob dawb ua ntej raug kaw los yog ib qho kev ncaws pob
- Yog tias koj tus nqi thauj khoom suav nrog kev siv lub chassis, nws yuav siv pes tsawg hnub?
- Koj yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tsis tau txais kev lis kev cai tso tawm lossis muaj teeb meem nrog koj cov ntaub ntawv?
Koj tuaj yeem zam kev them nyiaj rau kev khaws cia thiab khoom siv ntxiv los ntawm kev nkag siab thaum koj muaj sijhawm so thiab teem sijhawm kev lis kev cai tshem tawm, them nyiaj, thiab teem caij tsheb thauj mus los nyob ib puag ncig lub sijhawm ntawd.
Txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua raws li thaum ntxov
Cov nqi zais feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lig lossis tsis tiav. Rau txhua yam uas tuaj rau hauv Asmeskas, nco ntsoov:
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua ntaub ntawv ISF kom raug thiab raws sijhawm, uas txhais tau tias tsawg kawg 24 teev ua ntej lub nkoj tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj txawv teb chaws kawg.
- Kev lis kev cai tuaj yeem faib cov ntawv xa nyiaj lag luam thiab cov npe ntim vim tias lawv zoo ib yam thiab nthuav dav.
- Cov ntawv tso cai tshwj xeeb lossis cov ntawv tso cai (rau cov khoom lag luam uas tau tswj hwm) tau ua ua ntej.
- Tus neeg xa khoom daim ntawv cog lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm (IOR) cov ntsiab lus tau teeb tsa.
Ib tus neeg koom nrog kev xa khoom tuaj yeem qhia koj tias koj xav tau dab tsi rau koj cov khoom lag luam thiab pab koj kom tsis txhob muaj kev lis kev cai qeeb, tshuaj xyuas, thiab nplua.
Optimize Shipment Hom: FCL vs LCL
Thaum koj xaiv LCL (tsawg dua-thawv-load) rau qee qhov kev xa khoom, nws yuav zoo li pheej yig dua thaum xub thawj vim tias koj tsuas them rau qhov chaw koj siv. Tab sis LCL muaj nws tus kheej cov nqi zais lossis ib nrab zais:
- kim dua ib cubic meter
- Nqi rau consolidating thiab deconsolidating ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab lo lus uas peb warehouses
- kev tuav ntau dua, uas txhais tau tias muaj feem ntau dua rau cov nqi thiab qeeb
- Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv lossis cov nqi tuav los ntawm tus neeg koom ua ke
Thaum lub ntim thiab qhov hnyav yog qhov zoo, FCL (tag nrho cov thawv ntim) tuaj yeem pheej yig dua thiab txhim khu kev qha tshaj LCL.
Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv yooj yim sib piv:
| Zaam Txaj | LCL Kev Xa Khoom (3-5 CBM) | FCL Shipping (20 'Container, ib nrab ntim) |
|---|---|---|
| Base Freight Rate | Tsawg tag nrho vs tag nrho ntim, tab sis siab rau CBM. | Ntau dua tag nrho, tab sis tus nqi ib CBM txo qis thaum ntim loj tuaj. |
| Kev them nqi | Consolidation, deconsolidation, thiab ntau tus nqi tuav. | Tsawg tuav cov ntsiab lus; feem ntau yog davhlau ya nyob twg thiab tsheb thauj khoom. |
| Transparency ntawm Tus Nqi | Ntau cov kab khoom los ntawm ntau tog (consolidator, warehouse, thiab lwm yam). | Tsawg ob tog, yooj yim pom txhua tus nqi. |
| Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ncua & nqi ntxiv | Siab dua (pab pawg sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv ploj tuaj yeem ncua tag nrho lub thawv). | qis dua (koj lub thawv yog ua raws li ib chav tsev). |
| Qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv Case | Kev xa khoom me me heev, sim cov khoom tshiab. | Kev lag luam ruaj khov, loj hlob ntim, xav tau kev tswj hwm tus nqi thiab kev kwv yees. |
Sib tham nrog koj tus neeg xa khoom ntawm qhov taw tes nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab hloov los ntawm LCL mus rau FCL, thiab nug txog kev sib piv ntawm cov nqi thauj khoom ib sab es tsis yog saib ntawm cov khoom thauj.
Npaj nyob ib ncig ntawm Peak Seasons thiab Congestion
Kev lag luam kev lag luam ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Asmeskas feem ntau tau tibneeg hu tauj coob nyob rau hnub so loj thiab lub caij yuav khoom, suav nrog:
- Xyoo tshiab hauv Suav teb
- Lub Limtiam Golden nyob hauv Suav teb
- Nws yog lub sij hawm rov mus kawm ntawv.
- Hauv Asmeskas, Dub Friday thiab Christmas yog hnub yuav khoom loj.
Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov nuj nqis ntxiv xws li PSS thiab cov nqi congestion yog ntau dua li niaj zaus, thiab cov chaw nres nkoj tuaj yeem ncua sij hawm, uas tuaj yeem ua rau demurrage thiab raug kaw.
Koj tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm cov nqi ntxiv thiab lub sijhawm ntawm cov nqi zais uas cuam tshuam nrog kev khaws cia los ntawm kev npaj cov khoom xa tuaj zoo ua ntej lub sijhawm tsis khoom thiab ua haujlwm nrog tus neeg xa khoom uas paub tias lub caij cuam tshuam txog kev xa khoom.
Tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo mus sij hawm ntev nrog ib tus neeg koom nrog Logistics Trusted
Ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem pom kev thauj khoom raws li kev lag luam yooj yim: tau txais peb qhov kev twv, xaiv qhov qis tshaj plaws, thiab ua nws dua rau kev xa khoom tom ntej. Txoj kev ua no ua rau nws nyuaj rau txhua tus khub kom nkag siab txog koj txoj kev lag luam thiab pab koj kom tsis txhob muaj tus nqi zais ua ntej lawv tshwm sim.
Koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov hauv qab no los ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog tus neeg xa khoom uas muaj kev ntseeg siab uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Asmeskas:
- Kev hloov tshiab tsis tu ncua ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi thiab cov nqi ntxiv
- Kev taw qhia tus kheej ntawm Incoterms, shipping timetables, thiab txoj kev
- Pab nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev lis kev cai
- Txoj hauv kev kom tau txais kev pab thaum muaj teeb meem tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw los yog qhov chaw
Txoj kev sib raug zoo no yog qhov chaw muaj kev paub txog cov tuam txhab xws li Topway Shipping ntxiv tus nqi.
Piv txwv li: Yuav Ua Li Cas Ncua Cov Nqi Se Yuav Ua Tau Ntau Yam Ntawm Kev Xa Khoom Ib Leeg
Piv txwv li, xav txog lub khw hauv online me me xa ib lub FCL (tag nrho cov thawv ntim) ntawm cov khoom los ntawm Shenzhen mus rau lub tsev khaws khoom ze Los Angeles. Qhov no yog li cas tus nqi zais ntxiv.
Tus neeg muag khoom tau txais thawj nqe lus:
- "Tag nrho-hauv dej hiav txwv freight: USD 2,200 los ntawm Shenzhen mus rau Chaw nres nkoj Los Angeles."
Muab piv rau kev sib piv ntawm $ 2,600 lossis $ 2,800, cov lus pom zoo zoo. Tus neeg muag khoom xav tias tus nqi tseem ceeb yog saib xyuas.
Thaum lub pob tau thauj khoom thiab mus rau LA, cov nqi ntxiv hauv qab no tshwm sim:
- Destination Terminal Handling Charge (DTHC)
- Tus nqi xa khoom xa tuaj
- Kev lis kev cai brokerage thiab xa ib qho ISF
- Cov nqi siv lub chassis thiab cov nqi roj ntxiv
- Nqi rau PierPass thiab chaw nres nkoj congestion
- Tsheb thauj mus los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj mus rau lub tsev khaws khoom
- Ib hnub ntawm demurrage vim nws siv sijhawm ntev dua li kev npaj kom tshem tawm kev lis kev cai
Nov yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los sib piv cov nqi qis dua, cov lus qhia tsawg dua nrog cov lus pom meej dua, tus nqi siab dua:
| Tus nqi | Low Initial Quote (Tsis paub meej) | Transparent Quote (Itemized) |
|---|---|---|
| Dej hiav txwv Freight (FOB Shenzhen - POL LA) | 2,200 | 2,600 |
| Cov nqi hauv keeb kwm suav nrog? | "Included" (tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj) | suav nrog, nrog cov ntsiab lus meej |
| Qhov chaw THC | + 250 (tom qab tuaj txog) | Muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw cov pob khoom |
| Delivery Order / Doc Nqi | + 80 | muaj |
| Kev lis kev cai Brokerage & ISF ntaub ntawv | + 220 | muaj |
| Chassis & Fuel Surcharge | + 160 | muaj |
| Chaw nres nkoj Congestion / PierPass | + 120 | muaj |
| Demurrage (1 hnub) | + 150 | Zam, npaj ua ntej |
| Tsheb thauj mus rau Warehouse | + 450 | Muaj nyob rau hauv qhov rooj rau qhov rooj |
| Tag nrho Landed Logistics Nqi | 3,630 | 2,600-2,800 (nyob ntawm tus qauv) |
Thaum kawg ntawm lub hnub, "khoom pheej yig dua" USD 2,200 nqe lus xaus rau tus nqi ntau dua hauv kev xa khoom ntau dua li tus nqi ncaj ncees USD 2,600, uas qhia meej meej txog yam uas suav nrog thiab cia cov neeg tuaj yeem npaj ib puag ncig demurrage.
Qhov no yog dab tsi cov nqi zais yog tag nrho hais txog: tsis yog cov nqi no tau zais tag nrho, tab sis qhov ntawd lawv tsis tshwm sim thaum koj txiav txim siab.
Yuav ua li cas Topway Shipping pab koj kom tsis txhob muaj tus nqi zais
Txij li thaum xyoo 2010, Topway Shipping, uas yog nyob rau hauv Shenzhen, Tuam Tshoj, tau ua hauj lwm rau kev ua kom meej, kawg-rau-kawg daws rau ob qho tib si importers thiab hla ciam teb e-lag luam. Topway Shipping xav ua koj tus khub logistics mus sij hawm ntev uas pab koj npaj cov khoom lag luam raug nqi thiab txhim khu kev qha los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas, tsis yog kev lag luam ib zaug xwb.
Pab pawg tsim muaj ntau tshaj 15 xyoos ntawm kev paub hauv kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lis kev cai, nrog rau kev qhia txog kev txav khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Asmeskas Cov kev paub no tseem ceeb thaum nws los txog kom tsis txhob muaj nqi ntxiv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm paub qhov kev siv nyiaj tsis txaus siab feem ntau tuaj txog, suav nrog ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj Suav, ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, lossis ntawm cov rooj vag tseem ceeb hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, thiab tuaj yeem pab koj npaj ib puag ncig lawv.
Topway Shipping cov kev pabcuam suav nrog tag nrho cov saw logistical:
- Ua ntej, cov khoom raug xa los ntawm koj tus neeg xa khoom mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj lossis chaw sib koom ua ke hauv Suav teb.
- Kev xaiv khaws cia txawv teb chaws tsuas yog tsim rau cov tub lag luam thiab cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam uas ua lag luam hla ciam teb
- Kev lis kev cai tshem tawm cov kev pabcuam uas muaj kev tshaj lij thiab tsom mus rau kev ua raws cai thiab ua ntaub ntawv ISF thiab nkag mus raws sijhawm
- Qhov kawg-mais tus me nyuam hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, uas suav nrog kev xa mus rau cov chaw lag luam e-lag luam loj thiab 3PL warehouses.
- Peb muab kev pabcuam FCL thiab LCL dej hiav txwv freight los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau cov chaw nres nkoj tseem ceeb thoob plaws ntiaj teb, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kab ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Asmeskas.
Topway Shipping tuaj yeem muab cov lus qhia meej dua rau koj uas qhia tag nrho cov kev taug kev ntawm koj cov khoom thauj vim tias lawv lis thiab npaj cov kauj ruam no tag nrho hauv ib qho chaw. Koj tau txais ib tus khub es tsis txhob nrog ntau tus kws kho mob sib txawv uas tsis txuas nrog. Tus khub no tuaj yeem:
- Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, piav qhia seb cov nqi twg suav nrog thiab dab tsi tsis yog.
- Pab koj xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws Incoterms thiab shipping txoj kev rau koj lub lag luam
- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov theem tseem ceeb suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv, kev lis kev cai, thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm pub dawb kom khaws cia thiab nplua nqi qis.
- Muab cov lus qhia ua ntej rau lub sijhawm tsis khoom thiab lub sijhawm muaj kev pheej hmoo siab yog li koj tsis tas yuav them nyiaj ntxiv rau cov tsheb thauj mus los lossis kev nce nqi kawg hauv feeb.
Rau cov neeg muag khoom e-lag luam thiab cov neeg lag luam uas xav kom loj hlob lawv cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas yam tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov nqi zais txhua lub sijhawm, ua haujlwm nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb xws li Topway Shipping tuaj yeem tig logistics los ntawm kev mob taub hau tas li mus rau hauv kev tswj hwm, kwv yees ib feem ntawm kev lag luam.
xaus
Muaj cov nqi zais hauv dej hiav txwv thauj khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Asmeskas. Cov nqi no tsis zais tiag tiag; lawv tsis yog ib txwm piav qhia zoo, nthuav tawm ntawm ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam, thiab tshwm sim los ntawm tej yam uas koj tsis xav tau. Qhov teeb meem tiag tiag rau ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem tsis yog tus nqi ntawm lawv tus kheej, tab sis qhov tsis muaj kev npaj thiab qhib qhov uas ua rau cov peev nyiaj mus dhau thiab cov paj tau qis.
Koj tuaj yeem pib tshawb pom qhov twg cov nqi zais feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev paub txog tag nrho cov kev taug kev ntawm koj cov khoom xa tuaj, los ntawm cov nqi ntawm lub hauv paus hauv Suav teb, los ntawm cov nqi dej hiav txwv, mus rau cov nqi ntawm qhov chaw hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas. Koj paub tias cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm, lub davhlau ya nyob twg tuav, kev soj ntsuam kev lis kev cai, kev siv chassis, demurrage, thiab raug kaw tuaj yeem ua tus nqi qis qis rau hauv daim nqi kawg siab dua.
Txhawm rau zam lossis txo tus nqi zais, koj yuav tsum ua raws li ob peb txoj cai yooj yim:
- Xaiv Incoterms uas cia koj tswj cov nqi ntawm kev xa khoom los ntawm ib qho chaw mus rau lwm qhov tsuas yog qhov tsim nyog.
- Tsis txhob ntseeg tus lej "tag nrho-hauv" tsis meej; nug kom nthuav dav, itemized quotes xwb.
- Ua kom koj lub sijhawm pub dawb thiab cov cai khaws cia kom meej kom koj tuaj yeem npaj kev lis kev cai thiab xa khoom zoo dua.
- Txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv thaum ntxov yuav pab koj kom tsis txhob ncua sijhawm, nplua, thiab tshuaj xyuas ntxiv.
- Thaum xaiv ntawm LCL thiab FCL, saib tag nrho cov nqi tsaws, tsis yog lub hauv paus thauj khoom.
- Nrhiav tus khub logistics uas paub ntau txog kev lag luam ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Asmeskas thiab ua haujlwm nrog lawv ntev.
Nrog rau cov lus qhia no, cov nqi zais tig los ntawm kev txaus ntshai txaus ntshai rau hauv kev pheej hmoo tswj tau. Thiab yog tias koj ntiav ib lub tuam txhab kev tshaj lij xws li Topway Shipping los tswj koj thawj-ceg kev thauj mus los, hiav txwv freight, kev lis kev cai clearance, warehousing, thiab kawg-mais tus me nyuam, koj yuav pom thiab tswj koj cov nqi logistics.
Hauv lub ntiaj teb cutthroat ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lag luam hla ciam teb e-lag luam, cov yeej tsis yog cov uas tau txais cov khoom thauj qis tshaj plaws; lawv kuj yog cov uas nkag siab tiag tiag thiab tswj tus nqi tag nrho ntawm kev xa khoom los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom.
FAQ
Q: Dab tsi yog cov nqi zais ntau tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb rau Tebchaws Meskas cov khoom thauj hauv hiav txwv?
A: Cov nqi zais feem ntau yog tuav cov nqi ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab cov chaw nres nkoj, cov nqi xa tawm thiab xa tawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov nqi kev lis kev cai, tus nqi siv chassis, chaw nres nkoj congestion lossis PierPass tus nqi, thiab cov nqi khaws cia xws li demurrage thiab kaw. Ntau tus neeg xa khoom kuj tseem yuav tau them tus nqi ntxiv thoob plaws hauv dej hiav txwv, xws li kev hloov kho bunker, cov nqi siab tshaj lub caij nyoog, thiab cov nqi tsheb thauj neeg mob ceev. Thaum cov nqi no tsis pom meej hauv thawj qhov kev tsocai, lawv zoo li "pob ntseg."
Q: Kuv tuaj yeem paub li cas yog tias kuv qhov "tag nrho-hauv" freight quote yog tag nrho-inclusive?
A: Ib daim ntawv qhia tag nrho suav nrog yuav tsum hais tias cov kev pabcuam twg suav nrog (piv txwv li, "FOB Shenzhen rau Qhov Rooj Los Angeles") thiab hais txog keeb kwm, dej hiav txwv, thiab cov nqi xa mus uas suav nrog. Qhia rau koj tus neeg xa khoom kom rhuav tshem cov lus tsocai rau hauv nws qhov tseem ceeb thiab taw qhia cov kev siv nyiaj uas tsis suav nrog, xws li kev lis kev cai, cov nqi kuaj tau, lossis kev cia tom qab lub sijhawm dawb. Yog tias qhov kev tsocai tsuas muaj ib tus lej thiab cov lus tsis meej, koj yuav tsum kho nws ua tsis tiav thiab nug kom paub ntau ntxiv.
Q: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm demurrage thiab raug kaw, thiab vim li cas lawv thiaj li kim?
A: Demurrage yog tus nqi koj yuav tsum tau them yog tias koj lub thawv nyob hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj lossis lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntev dua li lub sijhawm pub dawb koj tau muab. Kev kaw, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tus nqi koj yuav tsum tau them yog tias koj khaws lub thawv sab nraum lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntev dua li lub sijhawm pub dawb koj tau muab ua ntej xa rov qab. Feem ntau, ob qho tib si cov nqi yog them rau ib lub thawv txhua hnub, thiab cov nqi nce mus dhau sijhawm. Thaum kev lis kev cai yuav siv sij hawm ntev heev, cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau npaj, lossis cov kev npaj thauj khoom tsis tau npaj kom raug, lawv tau txais nqi. Txhawm rau zam cov nqi no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau npaj ua ntej thiab paub tias koj muaj sijhawm ntau npaum li cas.
Q: Puas siv LCL hloov FCL pab txo cov nqi zais?
A: LCL tuaj yeem txuag nyiaj ntawm kev xa khoom me me, tab sis nws tsis tas yuav txo tus nqi zais. Qhov tseeb, LCL feem ntau suav nrog kev tuav pov hwm ntxiv ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab cov chaw khaws khoom, cov nqi rau kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev sib koom ua ke, thiab lwm yam kab los ntawm cov tog neeg sib txawv. Ntawm qee qhov ntim, hloov mus rau FCL tuaj yeem ua rau kev xa ntawv yooj yim dua thiab meej dua, nrog rau txo tus nqi ib chav. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog saib tag nrho cov nqi tsaws, uas suav nrog tag nrho cov nqi tuav thiab cov nqi hauv zos, tsis yog tus qauv LCL lossis FCL tus nqi.
Q: Lub freight forwarder puas tuaj yeem pab kuv kom zam dhau kev kuaj xyuas kev lis kev cai thiab kev nplua?
A: Tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem nres tag nrho cov kev kuaj xyuas kev lis kev cai vim tias ntau ntawm lawv yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lossis raws li kev pheej hmoo. Ib tus neeg xa khoom muaj peev xwm, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem txo qis txoj hauv kev ntawm cov teeb meem los ntawm kev ua kom paub tseeb tias ISF tau ua tiav raws sijhawm thiab raug, tias tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yog nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, thiab cov khoom tau muab faib kom meej. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas cov cai tshwj xeeb siv rau koj cov khoom. Qhov no tsis tshem tawm tag nrho cov nqi ntawm kev xeem, tab sis nws txo qis txoj hauv kev uas yuav tau them nyiaj nplua, tos ntev dua, lossis yuav tsum tau xeem dua.
Q: Incoterms cuam tshuam li cas rau cov nqi zais rau kuv cov khoom xa tuaj?
A: Incoterms sau tawm leej twg yog tus saib xyuas shipping thiab nqi ntawm txhua kauj ruam ntawm kev mus ncig. Piv txwv li, nrog FOB, koj tus neeg muag khoom yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov nqi xa khoom mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj, tab sis koj yuav tsum them tus nqi xa lawv hla dej hiav txwv thiab mus rau lawv qhov chaw kawg. Raws li CIF, tus neeg muag khoom saib xyuas kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv thiab kev pov hwm, tab sis koj tuaj yeem tau them nyiaj ntau rau lawv tus neeg sawv cev los mus rau koj qhov chaw. Yog tias koj tsis xaiv koj tus Incoterms kom raug thiab xyuas kom txhua tus paub tias lawv txhais li cas, koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov nqi thiab lub luag haujlwm tsis yog qhov koj xav tias lawv yuav nyob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi zais.
Q: Vim li cas kuv thiaj yuav tsum ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb Tuam Tshoj-USA tus neeg xa khoom zoo li Topway Shipping es tsis txhob xaiv cov nqe lus pheej yig tshaj txhua zaus?
A: Ib tus kws tshaj lij Tuam Tshoj-USA tus neeg xa khoom paub ntau txog Tuam Tshoj thiab Asmeskas, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm chaw nres nkoj thiab kev lis kev cai. Lawv tsis yog muag koj tus nqi dej hiav txwv qis xwb; lawv kuj pab koj npaj tag nrho cov logistical saw, los ntawm thawj ceg ntawm kev thauj mus los thiab xa tawm cov txheej txheem mus rau kev lis kev cai clearance, warehousing, thiab kawg-mais tus me nyuam. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem zam cov nuj nqis uas koj tsis tas yuav them thiab tswj cov nqi uas koj yuav tsum tau them. Sij hawm dhau mus, tus khub ncaj ncees lub peev xwm los qhib, txhim khu kev qha, thiab daws teeb meem feem ntau txuag koj nyiaj ntau dua li koj xav tau los ntawm kev nrhiav tus nqi qis tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov khoom xa tuaj.
