77% o ngā Kamupene kei te Kanorau Mai i Haina — Kei te Mahi Tonu te Huringa?
E kī ana te puranga raraunga rangahau e tipu haere ana i te mea kotahi mai i ngā koki rerekē: ko te hoko mai i waho o Haina ehara i te mahere āwhati, engari ko te mahere. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau mekameka tuku taonga hokohoko o te tau 2025 kua neke kē te hoko mai i Haina ki ngā whenua kore-taake, ko te 87% kei te hanga taonga ārai hei ārai i te piki haere o te utu. I taua wā anō, i kitea e te DP World's 2026 Global Trade Observatory e 58% o ngā kaiwhakahaere mekameka tuku taonga Hainamana kei te whakanui ake i te maha o ngā kaiwhakarato e mahi tahi ana rātou, ā, neke atu i te hautoru kei te whai kaha i ngā rautaki tata-whakakotahi me te rautaki hoa-whakakotahi. Arā, kei te puta te kanorau i ngā taha e rua o te ara hokohoko i te wā kotahi.
Mō ngā kaituku utanga, ngā kaipupuri wheketere, me ngā kaihoko hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe, he māmā noa te whakahoki i te nama matua engari he uaua ki te mahi. He māmā noa te ahua o te wehewehe i tua atu i te whenua taketake kotahi i roto i te whakaaturanga rūma poari, engari e pā ana ki ngā kirimana hoko, ngā whakarōpūtanga tikanga, ngā pūnaha whakahaere kounga, me te - ko te nuinga - te mekameka whakahaere katoa e kawe ana i te hua mai i te papa wheketere ki te tatau o te kiritaki. Ka titiro tēnei tuhinga ki tua atu i te pane matua 77%, ā, ka pātai i te pātai uaua ake: kei te mahi tonu te nekehanga, ā, he aha te tikanga o te "mahi" mō te pakihi e kawe ana i ngā utanga i ēnei rā?
Te Tau 77%: Ngā Mea e Whakaatuhia Ana e ngā Raraunga
He maha ngā wā ka whakahuatia te tatauranga 77%, ā, kua tīmata te ahua kua whakapumautia, engari he mea tika kia wetewetehia te pūtake me ngā āhuatanga e kapi ana i tēnei tatauranga. I tangohia mai i tētahi rangahau o ngā kaiārahi mekameka tuku hokohoko i whakahaerehia i te mutunga o te tau 2025, ā, e ine ana i ngā kamupene kua neke kē i te iti rawa o te wāhanga o ā rātou pūtake ki ngā whenua e kiia ana he kore utu tāke i te Hononga o Amerika. Ehara i te mea kua wehe katoa a Haina i te 77% o ngā kamupene, ā, ehara i te mea kua heke te nui o ā rātou hoko ki Haina ki te kore.
I ahu mai tētahi raraunga motuhake, he rite tonu te whai hua, mai i te American Chamber of Commerce i Haina, i kitea e tā rātou rangahau ā-tau tata ki te 30% o ngā kamupene mema i whakaaro, i tīmata rānei ki te neke i ētahi mahi whakaputa i waho o Haina i te tau 2024, he taumata teitei rawa atu i hipa ake i te tihi o mua o te 24% i whakatakotoria i te tau 2022. I tohu ngā kaiwhakahaere i uiuitia mō taua rangahau ki te pēhanga taripa me te mahara tonu ki ngā kati mahi i te wā o te mate urutā hei ngā take nui e rua mō te whakatau.
Mā te tāpiri i ēnei tau ki tētahi taha, ka mārama ake te āhua. He whānui te kanorautanga — he nui te nuinga o ngā kamupene kei te mahi i tētahi mea hei whakaiti i te pānga ki tētahi whenua — engari he papaku mō te nuinga o rātou. Ko te nekenga whānui tonu te mea rerekē, ehara i te ture, ā, ahakoa ngā kamupene e kaha ana ki te kanorau, ka pupuri tonu i tētahi wāhanga nui o te whakaputanga ki Haina, me te hanga i tētahi turanga puna tuarua, tuatoru rānei ki hea atu.
| Tohu Raraunga | Figure | pūtake |
| Ngā kaiārahi mekameka tuku taonga kua neke atu i Haina | 77 orau | Rangahau mō te mekameka tuku taonga hokohoko, te mutunga o te tau 2025 |
| Ngā kaiārahi e whakanui ana i ngā taonga ārai hei ārai | 87 orau | Te rangahau kotahi |
| Kei te whakamahere ngā kaiwhakahaere Hainamana ki te whakanui ake i ā rātou ake turanga kaiwhakarato i te tau 2026 | 58 orau | Te Whare Tirotiro Hokohoko Ao o te Ao DP 2026 |
| Kei te whakamahere ngā kaiwhakahaere Hainamana i ngā rautaki tata-whakapūmau | 38 orau | Te Whare Tirotiro Hokohoko Ao o te Ao DP 2026 |
| Ngā kamupene o Amerika i Haina i whakaaro, i tīmata rānei ki te neke i te mahi i te tau 2024 | 30% (te taumata teitei rawa atu) | Rangahau ā-tau a AmCham Haina |
Kei hea te huarahi e rapu moni ai?
Ehara te kanorau i te hekenga kotahi ki tētahi whenua kē; he wehewehenga o ngā pūtake puta noa i ētahi rohe, he rerekē te take i whiriwhiria ai ia rohe. Kei te tango tonu a Vietnam i ngā mahi hanga e nui ana te mahi, inā koa ko ngā kakahu, ngā hu, me te huihuinga hikohiko, ā, kua piki ake te tipu kaweake o te 21% i ia tau i te haurua tuatahi o te tau 2026 anake. Kua noho a Mexico hei otinga taunoa mō ngā kamupene e mahi ana ki te mākete o Amerika e hiahia ana ki te tere kaua ki te utu iti rawa, me te haumi tika ki tāwāhi ki te hanga o Mexico e eke ana ki ngā taumata rekoata me te kawe utanga rori mai i te raki o Mexico e tae atu ana ki ngā pokapū tohatoha o Amerika i roto i te whā ki te waru rā noa iho. Kei te whakatū a Īnia i a ia anō hei huarahi kē atu, me te piki haere o ngā kaweake hikohiko me te rongoā i te mea e kukume ana ngā kaupapa whakatenatena a te kāwanatanga i ngā haumi wheketere hou.
Kāore tētahi o ēnei huarahi kē atu e rite ana ki tā Haina e tuku ana. He uaua tonu te whakataurite i te pūnaha wāhanga o Haina, te kaha o ngā taputapu, me te nui o te hanga, koia te take he maha ngā kamupene e whakaahua ana i tā rātou rautaki ko "Haina me te kotahi" kaua ko "Haina me te kore Haina." E whakarāpopoto ana te ripanga i raro nei i te whakataurite i ngā huarahi kē atu matua mō ngā kamupene e paunatia ana he nekehanga whakawhanui.
| Tuhinga | China | Vietnam | Mexico | India |
| He pai rawa atu mo | Matatini, hanga nui-nui | Ngā kakahu, ngā hu, ngā huihuinga hikohiko | Ngā taonga e aro ana ki te tere, e aro ana ki te US | Te whakaputanga nui, e hiahia ana ki te mahi nui |
| Te kawe waka noa ki US | 18–30 ngā rā i te moana | 20–30 ngā rā i te moana | 4–8 ngā rā mā te rori | 25–35 ngā rā i te moana |
| Te tūponotanga o te utu (US) | He teitei i runga i ngā kāwai maha | He iti ake te tirotiro engari kei te piki haere | Kore utu nui i raro i te USMCA | He āhua |
| Te hohonutanga o te rauropi kaiwhakarato | Hōhonu rawa | Kei te tipu, kei te whanake tonu | He kaha ki te ao motuka, FMCG | Te whānui haere, te kore taurite o ngā hanganga |
Ka kitea tēnei wehewehenga e te tēpu utanga a te kaituku taonga i mua i te tīma pūtea. Ko te kiritaki i tuku i tētahi ipu kotahi mai i Shenzhen i mua, inaianei kei te whakarite i tētahi tuku LCL mai i te Tāone o Ho Chi Minh, tētahi ipu kī tonu mai i Yantian, me tētahi taraka whakawhiti rohe e rere ana mai i Monterrey, e tau katoa ana ki te pokapū whakatutuki kotahi i roto i te wiki kotahi. He panga whakahaere tino rerekē tēnei i tētahi mekameka tuku taonga taketake kotahi, ā, koinei tonu te momo panga e hiahiatia ana e tētahi hoa mahi kawe taonga hei whakaoti.
Kei te mahi tonu te panonitanga? E toru ngā whakautu pono
Mēnā kei te "haere pai" te kanorau, kei runga i ngā mea e ngana ana te kamupene ki te whakatutuki i te wā i tīmata ai te tukanga, nō reira he pai ki te wehewehe i te whāinga kia toru ngā pātai motuhake, kaua e whakaarotia kotahi.
Mō te whakaaturanga taripa, ko te nuinga o te nekehanga kei te mahi i tana i hangaia ai. Ko ngā kamupene kua neke i tētahi wāhanga nui o te hanga ki Vietnam, Mexico, ki Īnia rānei kei te kite i te iti o ngā utu whenua mō ngā taonga e ahu mai ana i aua whenua, ā, he tokomaha e kī ana kua whakakorengia e ngā penapena tētahi wāhanga nui o te taumaha taripa e toe ana i runga i te toenga o ā rātou rahinga i ahu mai i Haina. Koinei te wikitoria mārama rawa atu, te wikitoria tino ine rawa atu, ā, koinei te mea e tohu pinepinetia ana e ngā kaiwhakahaere ina pātaihia mēnā he pai te whakarōpūtanga ki te whakakorenga.
Mō te utu me te tere ki te mākete, he tino rerekē ngā hua. Kāore e tino whakaitihia te utu katoa o te whenua i te whakatūnga o tētahi turanga hanga tuarua i te tau tuatahi, i ngā tau e rua rānei — ka puta mai ngā hononga kaiwhakarato hou me ngā reiti hapa teitei ake, ngā iti iho o ngā ota, me ngā hanganga kawe waka kāore i te tino pakari huri noa i ngā wheketere. He pono te painga o Mexico ki te uta rori ki te US, engari e pā ana ki ngā kamupene e hoko ana ki Amerika Te Raki; he iti ake te painga o tētahi waitohu e aro ana ki te EU, ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti rānei o Āhia mai i tētahi turanga hanga o Mexico, ā, tera pea ka kino ake ōna wā whakawhiti ki aua mākete.
Mō te manawanui, koinei pea te tino take i tīmata ai te nuinga o ngā kamupene i tēnei tukanga i te tuatahi, he whakatenatena ngā taunakitanga tuatahi engari kāore i oti. Mā te horapa o ngā rauemi puta noa i ngā whenua e rua, e toru rānei, ka whakaitihia te mōrearea o te korenga o tētahi tohu kotahi, ahakoa he huringa taripa, he rāhui rohe, he huihuinga tauranga rānei taua korenga. Engari ka hua noa te manawanui i te wā o te raruraru e whai ake nei, ā, kāore anō kia whakamatautauria te nuinga o ngā kamupene e tētahi whatunga kino rawa atu hei whakaatu mēnā ka mau tonu tā rātou whatunga hou, pakarukaru ake i raro i te ahotea.
Tērā anō tētahi kitenga puku ake e huna ana i roto i ngā raraunga DP World e ngāwari ana te ngaro: ko ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana tonu kāore e hoki whakamuri ana i te kanorau, engari kei te ārahi rātou, e whakatuwhera ana i ngā ara hokohoko hou ki ngā mākete ASEAN, te Middle East, me Āwherika ahakoa kei te kanorau rātou i ā rātou ake turanga kaiwhakarato i te kāinga . E kī ana tēnei ko te kōrero "neke atu i Haina" e kaha ana ki ngā pane matua o te Hauāuru he haurua noa iho o tētahi taurite nui ake, e rua ngā aronga o te hokohoko o te ao.
Te Wāhanga Kāore tetahi e Whakatakoto ki te Kiriata Rūma Poari: Te Uauatanga o te Whakahaere
Ko ia rangahau kēhi kanorau e kōrero ana mō ngā penapena taripa me ngā mōrearea a ngā kaiwhakarato. Kāore rawa tetahi o rātou e kōrero ana mō te aha ka pā ki te mahi kawe taonga ina wehea te pūtake ki ngā whenua e toru, e whā rānei. He mea nui taua āputa, nā te mea mō tētahi waitohu rahi-waenga, mō tētahi kaihoko hokohoko īpurangi rānei, ka taea e te utu whakahaere o te uauatanga te muku marie i tētahi wāhanga nui o ngā penapena taripa i tika ai te nekehanga i te tuatahi.
Mā te mekameka tuku taonga taketake kotahi mai i Haina ka taea e te kamupene te whakakotahi i te rahinga me te kaituku taonga kotahi, te whiriwhiri i tētahi huinga utu, me te whakahaere i tētahi hononga tikanga. Ka pakaruhia e te pūtake maha ngā whai huatanga e toru i te wā kotahi. Ka whakaitihia te rahinga utanga mō ia ara, ka ngoikore ai te mana utu. Ka nui haere ngā pepa mahi tikanga, nā te mea he rerekē ngā ture whenua taketake, ngā whakamaoritanga waehere HS, me ngā whakaritenga tuhinga mai i tētahi whenua ki tētahi whenua. He maha ngā wā ka whānui haere hoki ngā hiahia whare putunga ki tāwāhi, nā te mea ko te waitohu i pupuri i ngā taonga i tētahi wāhi i mua e hiahia ana inaianei kia tata atu ngā taonga haumaru ki ia rohe pūtake hou.
Koinei tonu te wāhi e whiwhi ai te hoa tuku utanga tika i tōna oranga. Ko te kaikawe utanga e taea te whakakotahi i ngā tuku mai i ngā takenga maha o Āhia ki roto i te kaupapa kotahi o te moana, o te rangi rānei, te whakahaere i te tuku tikanga puta noa i ngā ara, me te whakarite i ngā whare putunga ki tāwāhi i te taha whiwhi, ka hanga anō i ngā ōhanga tauine e memeha haere ana te kanorau. Ki te kore taua momo hoa, he maha ngā kamupene ka mutu te hokohoko i te mōrearea taripa mō te mōrearea whakahaere, ehara i te hokohoko e whai ana rātou ki te mahi.
Me pēhea te tautoko a Topway Shipping i ngā kamupene mā te tukanga kanorau
Mai i te tau 2010, kua mahi a Topway Shipping i te wāhi e hono ana te ōhanga kaweake o Haina me ngā mahi hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe, ā, kei Shenzhen te tari matua o te kamupene — he wāhi pai e tata ana ki te turanga hanga tuku iho o Haina me ngā ara hou e whāngai ana ki te Tonga-Rawhiti o Āhia. Neke atu i te 15 tau te wheako o te tīma whakatū i roto i ngā mahi hokohoko o te ao me te whakawātea tikanga, me te hohonutanga o te kawe waka mai i Haina ki Amerika, koinei tonu te ara e tino pāngia ana e te pēhanga taripa e akiaki ana i te ia o te kanorau o ēnei rā.
Mō tētahi waitohu e whakatere ana i tētahi mekameka tuku maha-takenga, ko te uara o tētahi kaituku taonga pēnei i a Topway Shipping he iti ake te aro ki tētahi ratonga kotahi, engari he nui ake te aro ki te kapinga puta noa i te mekameka katoa. Kei roto i ngā tuku a Topway te kawe waka tuatahi mai i te wheketere, te whare putunga ki tāwāhi tata ki te mākete ūnga, te whakakore i ngā tikanga i ngā pito e rua, me te tuku whakamutunga ki te kiritaki whakamutunga, ko te tikanga kāore e hiahiatia e te kiritaki te hono tahi i ngā kaihoko motuhake mō ia wāhanga o te haerenga. I te taha utanga moana, ka whakaratohia e Topway ngā ratonga ngāwari mō ngā ipu katoa me ngā iti iho i te ipu mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga nui o te ao, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā kamupene e whakaiti ana i ā rātou rahinga ia ara i a rātou e horapa ana te pūtake ki ngā whenua maha atu, me te hiahia ki tētahi hoa mahi e pai ana ki te whakahaere i ngā tuku iti ake, auau ake me te kore e ngaro te whai huatanga o te utu.
He mea nui rawa atu taua ngāwari mō ngā kamupene "Haina me te kotahi" i whakaahuahia i mua ake nei i tēnei tuhinga — ngā waitohu kāore e whakarērea ana a Haina engari e whakahaere ana i te taha o tētahi turanga pūtake tuarua, tuatoru rānei. Ka taea e tētahi hoa mahi utanga moana me te whare putunga kotahi e mārama ana ki ngā tuhinga kaweake Hainamana, ngā tikanga tikanga, me te kawe waka e haere ana ki US te tango i te nuinga o te kawenga whakaritenga ka taka ki runga i tētahi tīma whakahaere waka ā-roto e horapa ana puta noa i ngā whenua hou.
He Rārangi Arowhai Whaihua i mua i te Whakawhanui i tētahi Mekameka Tuku
Ko ngā kamupene kua angitu i tēnei tukanga, ka aro nui ki te kanorau hei kaupapa whakahaere taonga i te tuatahi, ā, muri iho ko te kaupapa kimi taonga, nā te mea ko te whakatau kimi taonga te wāhanga māmā ake i te whakarite ki te pupuri i te neke o ngā taonga i muri mai.
I mua i te tāpiri i tētahi whenua taketake hou, he mea tika kia maherehia te utu katoa o ngā taonga i uta mai i taua whenua, kaua ko te utu wheketere anake, nā te mea he rerekē ngā utu utanga, ngā takoha tikanga, me ngā utu taraka uta, ā, ka taea te whakakore i ngā penapena e kitea ana. He mea pai hoki kia whakaūtia ka taea e tētahi hoa tuku kaipuke te mahi i te ara hou mai i te pito ki te pito, kaua ki te whakaaro ko tētahi kamupene kaha i roto i te utanga Haina-US ka rite tonu te kaha i roto i te utanga Vietnam-US, Mexico-US rānei. Me aro wawe hoki ki te whakamahere rarangi taonga, nā te mea ko te whakahaere i ngā turanga pūtake whakarara ko te pupuri i ngā taonga tiaki i roto i ngā wāhi neke atu i te kotahi mō tētahi wā whakawhiti, ā, me whakarite he tahua mō ngā whakapaipai mahi tāpiri, kaua e kitea i waenganui o te nekehanga.
Hei whakamutunga, he āwhina tēnei ki te ātete i te whakaaro "katoa, kāore rānei." E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga i arotakehia i mua ake nei i tēnei tuhinga, ko ngā kamupene e whakaputa ana i ngā hua pai rawa atu, he onge noa iho te hunga i wehe atu i Haina; ko rātou te hunga i pupuri i te turanga kaha o Haina mō ngā mea e tino pai tonu ana a Haina — he uaua, he nui te rahinga, he pai te tautoko i te hanga — me te tāpiri i tētahi, i ētahi atu puna rauemi rānei mō ngā kāwai e tino pāngia ana e ngā tariff, e ngā mōrearea ā-ao rānei.
Opaniraa
He pono te tatauranga 77%, engari e whakaahua ana i te ahunga o te haere, kaua i te haerenga kua oti. Ko te nuinga o ngā kamupene e wehewehe ana i a rātou anō i Haina kei te mahi mārire i tēnei, me te pupuri i te aroaro whai tikanga o Haina me te hanga i te kaha ōrite ki hea atu, ā, he tino rerekē ngā hua tae noa mai ki tēnei wā: he wikitoria mārama mō te pānga ki te taripa, he hua kore taurite mō te utu me te tere, me ngā painga manawanui ka tino whakamātauhia i te wā e pā mai ai te hokohoko o te ao ki te pōrearea tūturu. Heoi, ko te mea e rite ana puta noa i te nuinga o ngā rangahau take, ko te taha whakahaere o te wehewehe he uaua ake i te taha pūtake, ā, ko ngā kamupene e whakaiti ana i taua uauatanga ka mutu ka whakahokia he wāhanga nui o ā rātou penapena taripa ki te koretake o te utanga me te raruraru o ngā tikanga tuku iho. Ko te hoa tuku taonga me te tohungatanga hohonu o Haina me te kaha maha-ara pono, pērā i te momo i hangaia e Topway Shipping mai i te tau 2010, he maha ngā wā ko te rerekētanga i waenga i te wehewehe e mahi ana i runga pepa me te wehewehe e mahi ana i roto i te whare putunga.
FAQs
P: Ko te tikanga o te tatauranga 77% kua mutu te nuinga o ngā kamupene ki te hoko mai i Haina? W: Kāore. E ine ana i ngā kamupene kua nekehia te iti rawa o te wāhanga o ā rātou hoko ki ētahi atu whenua, ehara i te mea ko ngā kamupene kua wehe katoa i Haina. Ko te nuinga kei te whakahaere i te tauira "Haina me te kotahi" kaua ki te whakakapinga katoa.
P: Ko tēhea whenua kē atu te mea pai hei whakakapi i ngā hokonga mai i Haina? W: Kei te mākete me te momo hua e whai ake nei. He pai ki a Vietnam ngā taonga e nui ana te mahi pērā i ngā kakahu me te huihuinga hikohiko, he pai ki a Mexico ngā waitohu e aro ana ki a US e hiahia ana ki te tere, ā, he pai ki a Īnia ngā mahi whakaputa nui, e nui ana te mahi, engari kāore tetahi e tino whai i te pūnaha rauropi wāhanga o Haina.
P: Kei te whakaitihia ngā utu e te whakarahi ake i ngā mekameka tuku? W: He rerekē ngā hua. He pono tonu ngā penapena utu, engari mā ngā hononga kaiwhakarato hou, ngā rahinga tuku iti ake, me te uaua o ngā tikanga tuku ka taea te whakakore i ētahi o aua penapena, inā koa i te tau tuatahi, i ngā tau e rua rānei.
P: Me pēhea te āwhina a te kaikawe utanga i tētahi mekameka tuku taonga maha-takenga? W: Mā te kaikawe utanga e tuku ana i te kawe tuatahi, te whare putunga ki tāwāhi, te whakawātea tikanga, me te tuku whakamutunga puta noa i ngā ara maha ka taea te whakakotahi i te rahinga me te whakaiti i te taumahatanga whakaritenga e puta mai ana i te hoko mai i ētahi whenua i te wā kotahi.
P: Kei te noho tonu a Haina hei pūtake rauemi whai hua i te tau 2026? A: Āe. Ahakoa te ia o te kanorau, kei te mau tonu a Haina i te tauine hanga me te kiato o ngā wāhanga mō ngā hua uaua, koia te take e nui ana te nuinga o ngā kamupene e tāpiri ana i ā rātou rauemi mai i Haina, kaua e whakakapi.