Ngā Kōwhiringa Whare Putunga Here i Airana mō ngā Taonga Taketake mai i Haina
Kupu Whakataki
Kua noho puku a Airana hei tētahi o ngā pokapū whakahaere taonga nui rawa atu i Ūropi. Hei whenua mema katoa o te EU i te pito hauauru o te whenua, e whakarato ana i tētahi mea kāore i te nuinga o ngā wāhi whakauru atu o Ūropi: te urunga ngāwari ki te mākete kotahi, te hanganga whakataetae, me te taiao pakihi kua hangaia hei whakatenatena i te hokohoko o te ao. Kei te piki haere te hiranga o Airana hei kuwaha matua mō ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana me ngā kaiwhakahaere hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe e tuku taonga ana ki te hauauru. He here here whare patu koinei te take e whai hua ai tēnei kuwaha mō ngā pakihi.
I te mea kei te tino teitei rawa ngā taripa o Amerika mō ngā taonga Haina, ā, kei te noho tonu ngā raruraru o te mekameka tuku hei āwangawanga nui, he kōwhiringa pai te whare putunga here i Airana. Engari i te utu tonu i ngā taripa ina kawea mai ngā taonga ki te whenua, ka taea e ngā pakihi te penapena i ngā taonga mai i Haina i roto i tētahi whare e whakahaerehia ana e te tikanga tāke. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore rātou e utu i tētahi taripa, i tētahi VAT rānei kia nekehia rā anō ngā taonga ki te tohatoha noa, ahakoa ko te hoko atu i Airana, te tuku atu ki ngā kaihoko o te EU, te tuku atu rānei ki Haina. He tauira tēnei e tiaki ana i te rere o te moni, e hoatu ana ki a koe te herekoretanga rautaki, ā, e taea ai e koe te toro atu ki te neke atu i te 440 miriona kiritaki me te kore e aro ki ngā mahi a te ture tere o te whakakorenga tikanga tāke.
Mena he kaihokohoko koe nō Haina, he kaihokohoko rānei e aro ana ki Haina, ā, e hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi i ngā whare putunga here i Airana, kei roto i tēnei aratohu ngā mea katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te mōhio. Kei roto ngā ture me ngā whakaritenga, ngā momo whakaurunga rerekē e wātea ana, ngā utu e whai wāhi ana, ngā mahi hei mahi māu hei tīmata, me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā hoa mahi kawe taonga ka taea te whakahaere i te tukanga katoa mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga.
He aha a Airana? Te Take Rautaki mō ngā Kaihoko Haina
He wāhi pai a Airana mō ngā mahi kawe taonga i Ūropi, ā, ehara i te mea tūpono noa iho. Kua whakatū tonu a Airana i tētahi ōhanga me tētahi hanganga hokohoko nui atu i tōna rahi mai i tana whakaurunga ki te Kotahitanga o Ūropi i te tau 1973. Nā tōna āhuarangi taake umanga, ngā kaimahi e kōrero ana i te reo Pākehā, me te tata ki ngā whatunga tohatoha o te UK kua waiho hei wāhi rongonui mō ngā umanga ao whānui. Ināianei, ko aua mea anō hoki te mea e waiho ana hei mana pupuri putunga here tino pai mō ngā taonga Hainamana e hiahia ana ki te tomo ki te mākete o te EU.
I te tau 2024, ko te uara o te hokohoko i waenga i te Tauranga o Dublin, te kuwaha moana matua o te whenua, me Haina mo US$9.2 piriona. Kei te piki haere te nui o te hokohoko i ia tau. Hei wāhanga o te kaupapa Tauranga Kakariki a te EU, kei te whakapaitia ngā whakaurunga wai hohonu o Cork i Ringaskiddy kia nui ake ai tō rātou kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā ipu. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te ngaru e whai ake nei o te whakawhānui i ngā kawemai. Kua mārama te kāwanatanga o Airana e tumanako ana rātou ka piki te GDP i waenga i te 2.65% me te 3.35% ia tau tae noa ki te tau 2028. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ka piki haere tonu te mākete kaihoko me te tono mō ngā mahi kawe waka.
Ko te mea nui mō te mema o Airana i te EU ko ngā hua kua oti te whakakore mā roto i tētahi whare putunga here o Airana ka taea te uru atu ki tētahi o ngā whenua mema 27 me te kore e utu i ētahi taake tāpiri. Nā tēnei ka waiho tētahi whare here o Airana hei tūāpapa tohatoha tūturu puta noa i te Pākehā, ehara i te wāhi penapena taonga ā-rohe anake.
Ngā Tauranga Matua o Airana mō ngā Utauta Taketake mai i Haina
| Port | Āhuatanga matua | Pai rawa atu mo | Te Rōrahi Hokohoko 2024 |
| Tauranga Dublin | Te takutai rāwhiti, te tata ki te tāone matua, te hanganga katoa o ngā tikanga tuku iho | Hokohoko Ipurangi, FCL/LCL, whakakī anō FBA, tuku DDP | ~US$9.2B me Haina |
| Kōka (Ringaskiddy) | Ngā taunga wai hohonu, te Tauranga Kakariki o te EU, te kaha e whakawhānui ana | Mīhini papatipu, FCL nui, utanga ahumahi taumaha | ~10 miriona tāne te nui o te whakaputanga |
| Belfast (Iriana ki te raki) | Pūnaha tikanga motuhake, hononga UK-Airana | Ngā taonga e kawe ana i te UK ki Ireland, ngā taputapu hangarau | ~US$2.2B kawemai/kaweake (2024) |
He aha te Whare Putunga Here? Me pēhea te Mahi i Airana
Ko te whare putunga here i Airana he wāhi rokiroki e whakahaerehia ana e te tikanga tāke, ka taea te pupuri i ngā taonga ehara i te EU, pērā i ngā mea i hangaia i Haina, me te kore e utu i ngā utu kawemai, i te VAT rānei. Nā ngā Komihana Moni o Airana, te tinana ā-motu e whakahaere ana i ngā tikanga tāke me ngā taake, i whakaae kia whakahaerehia te whare. Ina tae mai ngā taonga ki te whare putunga, ka haere rātou i roto i te tukanga whare putunga tikanga tāke. Ka hainatia e te kaikawe mai me te kaiwhakahaere whare putunga he here whaimana e whai kawenga ana mō ngā hua. Ka mutu tēnei kawenga ina tangohia ngā taonga mai i te whare putunga mā tētahi o ngā huarahi putanga maha kua whakaaetia.
E ai ki te ture tikanga o te EU, inā koa te Uniana Tikanga (UCC), ka taea te pupuri i ngā taonga i roto i tētahi whare putunga herea mēnā kei roto tonu i te āhua pai, ā, kei te pupurihia hoki ngā tuhinga tika. I a rātou e rongoa ana, he iti noa ngā mea ka taea te mahi ki ngā taonga: ka taea te horoi, te whakarōpū, te tākai anō, te tāpiri tapanga anō rānei i raro i te tirotiro a ngā tikanga. Heoi, i te nuinga o te wā, kāore e taea e tētahi whare putunga tikanga noa te hanga, te whakarerekē rānei i te nuinga o ngā mahi. Mēnā koinei te whāinga, me whai whakaaetanga hou koe e kiia nei ko te Inward Processing Relief (IPR).
He iti ngā kōwhiringa a te kaiwhakahaere ina puta ngā hua i te whare putunga here. Ka taea e rātou te tuku i ngā taonga ki te mākete o Airana, o te EU rānei, mō te kore utu, ā, i taua wā ka utua tonutia ngā takoha kawemai me te VAT. Mena ka tukuna e rātou ngā taonga ki tētahi wāhi i waho o te EU, kāore rātou e utu i tētahi takoha. Ka taea hoki e rātou te neke i ngā hua ki tētahi atu whare here o te EU mā te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga kawe tikanga, e whakaroa ana i ā rātou herenga. Koinei tonu te take he tino whai hua te tauira whare putunga here mō ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana e hiahia ana ki te tuku taonga ki ngā mākete rerekē.
Ngā Momo Whare Putunga Here e Wātea ana i Airana
E ai ki te ture tikanga ā-Iarihana, he rite ki te ture o te EU, e rua ngā momo whare putunga tikanga matua: ngā whare putunga tūmatanui me ngā whare putunga tūmataiti. He mea nui kia mōhio koe ki te rerekētanga kia taea ai e koe te whiriwhiri i te momo e pai ana mō tō mahere pakihi.
Ngā Whare Putunga Here Tūmatanui (Momo I me te II)
He kamupene kawe taonga tuatoru e whakahaere ana i tētahi whare putunga here tūmatanui, ā, kei a ia te mana whakahaere tikanga mō ngā kaipupuri moni. I roto i tēnei whakaritenga, ka tukuna e te kaikawemai, pērā i te kamupene Haina e hanga ana i ngā hikohiko, i ngā taonga whare rānei, ā rātou taonga ki roto i te whare, ā, ka whakamahia te mana whakahaere here kua oti kē te whakarite a te 3PL, kaua e whiwhi i tā rātou ake. Ko te tikanga, ka utua e te 3PL he utu mō tēnei ratonga, engari kāore te kaikawemai e raru ki te tiki me te pupuri i tā rātou ake mana whakahaere. Ko ngā whare putunga tūmatanui te huarahi tino rongonui mō ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana e hou ana ki te mākete o Airana ki te uru atu. Nā te mea ka tukuna e rātou he urunga tere ki te whare putunga here me te kore e raru ki te tiki i tā rātou ake mana whakahaere.
Ngā Whare Putunga Here Tūmataiti (Momo II me te III)
Kotahi anake te umanga ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi whare putunga tikanga tūmataiti, ā, ko taua kamupene te tikanga ka rongoa i āna ake taonga ki reira. Hei whakahaere i tētahi whare putunga here tūmataiti i Airana, me tono tika te kaitono ki ngā Komihana Tāke, me whakaatu kei te pumau ā rātou pūtea, me whakarato i tētahi taurangi tikanga (ki te kore rātou e whai mana AEO, ā, e tika ana kia tukuna he whakakorenga), me te whakatū i ngā pūnaha whakahaere whare putunga kaha ka taea te paahitia he arotake tikanga. E 60 ngā rā a te Tari Tāke ki te whakatau i ēnei momo tono. Mō ngā kaikawe nui e kawe mai ana i te maha o ngā taonga mai i Haina ki te mākete o te EU, he iti ake te utu o te haumi ki te whakamanatanga tūmataiti i te wā roa atu i te utu i ngā utu here 3PL.
Ngā Whare Taonga Excise
He momo whare here motuhake te whare putunga excise e hāngai ana ki ngā taonga e pāngia ana e te takoha excise, pērā i te waipiro, te tupeka, me te penehīni. Me whai ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana e hokohoko ana i ēnei momo taonga i ngā ture maha atu. Hei tauira, ka whakaratohia e ngā Komihana Tāke o Airana ngā raihana excise, ā, he rerekē te mahi a te pūnaha whakaroa takoha i te rokiroki tikanga tuku iho. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana o ngā taonga kaihoko kāore e mahi tahi me ngā whare putunga excise, engari ko te hunga e tuku ana i ngā inu, i ngā taonga tupeka rānei me utu i tētahi kaihoko tikanga tuku iho e mōhio ana ki te mahi a tēnei pūnaha.
Ngā Momo Whare Putunga Herehere i te Tirohanga Poto
| momo | Ko wai kei a ia te mana whakamanatanga | Ko wai ka taea te whakamahi | Best For |
| Tūmatanui (Momo I) | Kaiwhakahaere Whare Putunga 3PL / | He maha ngā kaiwhakatakoto moni | Ngā kaikawemai hou ki te mākete, ngā kaikawemai Hainamana SME |
| Tūmatanui (Momo II) | Kaiwhakahaere Whare Putunga 3PL / | He maha ngā kaiwhakatakoto moni (tērā pea ko te kaiwhakatakoto moni te kaipupuri moni) | Tauira tiritahi ngāwari |
| Tūmataiti (Momo II) | Kawemai / Rangatira | Kamupene kotahi (āna ake taonga anake) | Ngā kamupene kawemai nui kua whai mana motuhake ki te EU |
| Tūmataiti (Momo III) | Kawemai / Rangatira | Kamupene kotahi (taonga motuhake, tauwāhi motuhake) | Te rokiroki hua kotahi tauine nui |
| Whare Putunga Excise | Kaiwhakahaere raihana | Ngā kaipupuri taonga excise | Ngā kaihoko kawemai waipiro, tupeka, wahie |
Ngā Take, te VAT, me ngā Whakaaro mō ngā Utu
Ka whakamahia e Airana te Tariff Customs (CCT) a te Kotahitanga o Ūropi, arā, he rite tonu ngā reiti taake o ngā whenua mema katoa o te EU. Ko te reiti taake mō tētahi taonga e ahu mai ana i tana waehere TARIC 10-mati. Ko te uara kua ripoatatia o ngā hua me te utu o te tuku me te inihua ki te rohe o te EU ka whakamahia hei whakatau i te uara taake. Ka kiia tēnei ko te "CIF" (Utu, Inihua, me te Utu). He mea nui tēnei mō ngā kaihoko Hainamana nā te mea i ētahi wā ka whakaatuhia e ā rātou nama ngā utu ex-works, ngā utu FOB rānei.
Ko te reiti VAT noa i Airana he 23%, ā, e pā ana tēnei taake ki te nuinga o ngā kawemai arumoni. He kōwhiringa pai te Kaute Whakaroa mō ngā umanga kua rēhita ki te VAT o Airana nā te mea ka taea e rātou te whakaatu me te whakahoki mai i te VAT kawemai i runga i tā rātou whakahokinga VAT ā-wā, kaua ki te utu i te rohe. He painga nui tēnei mō ngā kaikawemai kua rēhita katoa ki te VAT i Airana. Ka taea e tētahi pakihi kawemai Airana kua whakaritea pai te pupuri i te maha o ngā taonga me te kore e utu i ngā takoha, i ngā taake rānei i taua wā tonu nā te mea he putunga here me te Kaute Whakaroa.
Kotahi te kōrero nui: kāore e hiahiatia kia utua he takoha ki ngā taonga e €150 te uara, iti iho rānei i te tari tāke, engari me utu e rātou te VAT mai i te euro tuatahi. He mea nui tēnei taumata mō ngā kaihoko hokohoko ipurangi Hainamana e whakamahi ana i a Airana hei pokapū whakatutuki mō ngā mōkihi B2C e tukuna ana ki ngā kiritaki o te EU, nā te mea he iti iho te uara o ia ota i tēnei paepae.
Ngā Reiti Taake Kawemai Tohu mō ngā Kāwai Kaweake-Haina Noa
| Kāwai hua | Te Reiti Taake EU Noa | VAT (Irelani) | Notes |
| Ngā Hikohiko Kaihoko (HS 85xx) | 0% - 14% | 23 orau | He rerekē rawa atu i ia wāhanga iti; he maha ngā pona e 0% |
| Kākahu me ngā Kakahu (HS 61-62) | 6.3% - 12% | 23 orau | Tērā pea ka tāpirihia ngā reiti paerewa e ngā mahi ārai-tuku |
| Taonga Whare me ngā Taonga Kāinga (HS 94) | 2.7% - 5.6% | 23 orau | Ko ētahi o ngā kāwai iti ka whiwhi i ngā takoha anti-dumping |
| Ngā Taonga Tākaro me ngā Kēmu (HS 95) | 2.7% - 4.7% | 23 orau | Ka pā nui pea ngā panonitanga utu ki ngā utu whenua |
| Mīhini Ahumahi (HS 84) | 0% - 3.7% | 23 orau | Ko te nuinga o ngā mīhini mata me ngā mīhini whakapaipai ka uru mai me te iti, te kore rānei o te utu |
| Ngā Kirihou me ngā Taonga Rapa (HS 39-40) | 3.5% - 6.5% | 23 orau | He rerekē te takai me ngā wāhanga i runga i te whakamahinga whakamutunga |
Kia mōhio koe ko ngā utu kua whakahuatia ko ngā utu CCT noa a te EU. Tērā pea ka āraihia ētahi taonga mai i Haina, ka āraihia rānei ētahi atu tikanga. Tirohia tonutia te pātengi raraunga TARIC a te EU me tō waehere HS.
Ngā Whakaritenga Whakahaere: Te Whiwhi Whakamanatanga me te Pupuri i ngā Ture
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi mō ngā kaihoko Hainamana, mō ā rātou pakihi Pākehā rānei e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere i tētahi whare putunga here tūmataiti i Airana, ko te tono ki ngā Komihana Tāke. Me whai nama EORI te kaitono, koinei te tohu mō te kaiwhakahaere ōhanga puta noa i te EU e hiahiatia ana hei uru atu ki ngā mahi tikanga. Me whakaatu hoki e rātou kua whai rātou i ngā ture tikanga i mua. Ko te wā arotake mō ngā tono he 60 ngā rā mai i te wā i whakaaetia ai, heoi, ka taea e te Tāke te whakaroa i tēnei wā mēnā e hiahia ana rātou ki ētahi atu kōrero.
Me whai taurangi tikanga tāke te nuinga o ngā kaitono. He taurangi pūtea tēnei, e tukuna ana mā te kamupene inihua, e whakarite ana kia whiwhi te kāwanatanga i ngā taake katoa e tika ana mō ngā hua i roto i te whare putunga. Ko te nui o te taurangi e ahu mai ana i te nui katoa o te taake e tumanakohia ana e te kaitono kia utua mō ngā taonga ka puritia e rātou i tētahi wā. Heoi, ko ngā umanga whai mana Kaiwhakahaere Ōhanga Whakamana (AEO) ka taea pea te whiwhi i te whakakorenga taurangi katoa. Nā tēnei ka waiho te tiwhikete AEO hei haumitanga pai mō ngā kawemai nui.
E rua ngā mea nui mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga o ia rā: te pupuri i ngā tuhinga taonga tika me te whakarite kia tika ngā tukunga tikanga. Me taea e te pūnaha whakahaere whare putunga (WMS) te waihanga i tētahi ara arotake katoa ina tonoa mō ia nekehanga o ngā taonga ki roto, ki waho hoki i te whare here. Kei te Tari Moni te mana ki te tirotiro ā-tinana, ā, mēnā he rerekētanga i waenga i te taonga kua whakapuakina me te taonga tuturu, ka taea e rātou te tono takoha tonu, te whakatakoto whiu, tae atu ki te tango i te whakaaetanga o te whare putunga here.
I raro i te tirotiro a te tari tāke, he iti noa ngā mahi ka taea e te whare te mahi me ngā taonga e rongoatia ana e ia, pērā i te horoi, te whakarōpū, te tākai anō, me te tāpiri tapanga anō. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā kaihanga Hainamana e kaweake ana i te nuinga me te wehewehe i ā rātou taonga ki ngā kete iti ake hei hoko ki Ūropi. Heoi, hei hanga i ngā huringa nui ake, me whai raihana Tukatuka Whakaroto motuhake koe.
Airana hei Pokapū Tohatoha o te EU: Te Pikitia o te Whakahaere Rautaki Whaihua
He nui atu te uara o tētahi whare putunga here o Airana i te whakaroa noa i ngā takoha. He mea tino nui tā Airana mō ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana e hiahia ana ki te hoko atu ki ngā mākete Pākehā neke atu i te kotahi i te wā kotahi: ina tukuna ngā hua mai i te rokiroki here ki te tohatoha noa, ka taea e rātou te neke noa puta noa i te EU me te kore he tirotiro tikanga. Ka taea e tētahi kamupene Haina te tuku i tētahi ipu hiko ki Tāmaki Makaurau, kātahi ka tukuna mārire ngā taonga i roto i ngā marama maha. Mā tēnei, ka taea e rātou te mahi ki ngā kaihoko i Tiamana, i Parani, i Itari, me ētahi atu whenua mai i tētahi wāhi kotahi o ngā taonga o Airana.
Kua tere te tipu o te hanganga whakahaere e whai hua ai tēnei huarahi. I roto i ngā tau tekau i mua i te tau 2018, kua piki ake te moni whiwhi o Airana mō ngā whare putunga me te rokiroki mā te 67%. Mai i taua wā, kua haere tonu te haumi. I te tau 2023, i whakatuwherahia e ngā kamupene whakahaere nui pērā i a Maersk ngā puni whare putunga nui ake i Tāmaki Makaurau. Neke atu i te 250,000 putu tapawha te rahi o ngā whare katoa. Ko te wāhi o Tāmaki Makaurau, e kiia nei e ngā tohunga ahumahi he huarahi whakawhiti mō ngā raina hokohoko Pākehā, ka māmā ake te haere a ngā kaipuke, ngā waka rererangi, me ngā motuka ki te tāone me te hoki mai. Nā tēnei ka whakataetae ia ki ngā pokapū whenua nui ake.
Mō te tuku taonga mai i Haina, ko te huarahi rongonui ko te uta moana ki te Tauranga o Dublin mā roto i ngā ara matua whakawhiti moana. Ka hono ngā ara whāngai i a Shanghai, Shenzhen, Ningbo, me ētahi atu tauranga nui o Haina ki ngā pokapū uta nui o Ūropi. Ko te utu uta moana paerewa e 28 ki te 38 ngā rā hei haere mai i ngā tauranga Haina ki Dublin. Mō ngā taonga e hiahia ana kia tere te tae atu ki reira, haurangi He urunga atu ki Haina mā te taunga rererangi o Dublin. E rima ki te tekau ngā rā te roa o te taenga mai.
Me pēhea te tautoko a Topway Shipping i ngā mahi whare putunga here mai i Haina ki Airana
He nui ake te uaua o te neke mai i te papa hanga Hainamana ki te whare putunga here o Airana i te rahui noa i tētahi ipu. Ko ngā mahi ko te whiwhi whakaaetanga tikanga mō ngā kaweake ki Haina, te tuku taonga mā te rangi, mā te moana rānei, te tiki i ngā pepa tika mō ngā kawemai, te tiki whakaaetanga mō te whare putunga here, te whiriwhiri rānei i tētahi whare putunga here, me te aroturuki i ngā taonga kei raro i te tirotiro a te tikanga. Mō te nuinga o ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana, ko te wāhanga uaua ko te kore e mōhio he raruraru tēnei; ko te kimi i tētahi hoa mahi kawe taonga ka taea te whakahaere i ngā mea katoa hei mahi nui kotahi.
Ko Topway Shipping, e mahi ana i te pakihi mai i te tau 2010, ā, kei Shenzhen tōna turanga, i hangaia hei whakahaere i tēnei raruraru. He nui te mōhio o te kapa ki te mekameka tuku katoa mai i Haina ki Ūropi nā te mea kua neke atu i te 15 tau rātou e mahi ana i roto i ngā mahi kawe waka o te ao me te whakawātea tikanga. Ka hipokina e ngā ratonga a Topway te mekameka kawe waka katoa. Kei roto i ēnei ko te kawe waka tuatahi mai i ngā wheketere Haina ki te tauranga, te utanga moana i roto i ngā whirihoranga FCL me LCL, te whakawātea tikanga i te ūnga, me te tuku whakamutunga ki ngā whare putunga here, ki ngā kaihoko mutunga rānei puta noa i te EU.
Mō ngā kaihokohoko e hiahia ana ki te whakamahi i a Airana hei huarahi ki te EU, he tino whai hua te kaha o Topway ki te whakarerekē i ngā whirihoranga ipu. He pai ngā tuku ipu-katoa mō ngā umanga ka taea te whakakī i tētahi ipu 20 putu, 40 putu rānei ki tētahi SKU kotahi, ki tētahi ranunga hua rānei. Mā ngā ratonga LCL ka taea e ngā pakihi Haina iti me te rahi-waenga te whakamahi i ngā whare putunga here o Airana me te kore e tatari kia whakakotahihia ngā rahinga ipu katoa. Mā Topway e tiaki te tuku, ngā pepa, me te whakawātea tikanga, kia taea ai e ā rātou kiritaki te arotahi ki te whakarite i ā rātou taonga me te whakatipu i ā rātou pakihi, kaua ki te whakahaere i ngā mahi whakahaere.
Nā te wheako o te tīma taketake i Haina me te US Transportation kua ara ake he tikanga pakari mō ngā huarahi Haina-Ūropi, he tino pakari ngā whakaritenga tuhinga, te tika o te waehere HS, me te tutuki i ngā uara tikanga. Ina pāngia ngā kaihoko Hainamana e ngā raruraru pēnei i te whakaroa i ngā whakaaetanga, ngā tautohe takoha, ngā uara hē rānei, mā te mahi tahi me tētahi tīma e kite ana i te tutuki hei pūkenga matua, kaua hei whakaaro noa iho, ka nui te rerekētanga o te mahi a ngā mea.
Nga Rawe noa me pehea te karo i a raatau
He nui ngā painga o te ariā whare putunga here, engari he tūponotanga mahi anō hoki kei roto, kāore e whakaarohia ana e ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana kāore e mōhio ki te mahi a ngā tikanga a te EU. Ko te whakarōpūtanga hē o ngā waehere HS te tino take o ngā uauatanga. Pērā i ngā whakahaere tikanga a te EU katoa, ka whakamahia e Irish Revenue te tau TARIC mati-10 hei whakatau i ngā reiti takoha, ko wai ka whiwhi i ngā toha, me te mea ka pāngia e ngā tikanga ārai-tuku. Ki te whakauru koe i te waehere hē, ka mutu pea ka utua e koe te nui o te takoha hē. Tērā pea he iti rawa tēnei, ka puta he nama me he whiu tikanga, he nui rawa rānei, ka iti ake tō whakataetae mō te kore take. Kia tika ai te whakarōpūtanga, me tirotiro i mua i te taenga mai o te uta tuatahi.
Ko tētahi atu kaupapa tautohetohe ko te uara o ngā tikanga tāke. Ko te uara tikanga tāke CIF, arā, ko te uara o ngā hua me te utu o te tuku me te inihua ki te rohe o te EU, ka whakamahia e ngā Komihana Tāke o Airana hei whakatau i te nui o te takoha hei utu. Mena ka kī ngā kaihoko Hainamana i ngā uara FOB, i ngā uara ex-works rānei, me te kore e whai whakaaro ki te utu o te tuku, ka pātai pea ngā tikanga tāke, ka whakarerekē rānei i ā rātou whakapuakitanga, ka arahi pea ki ngā whiu. Ki te iti rawa te aromatawai, ahakoa he hē, he āta whakaaro rānei, ka hua ake he whiu tae atu ki te 200% o te moni takoha i roto i ētahi take.
Ko tētahi atu tūponotanga ko te tika o ngā tuhinga taonga. Ka tū auau ngā arotake a te tari tāke i ngā whare putunga here. Mena he rerekētanga i waenga i te tūranga taonga kua keremehia me te tatau taonga tuturu, ka taea e te tari tāke te tono utu tonu mō ngā waeine ngaro, kāore rānei i te tatauhia. Me haumi koe ki tētahi WMS kaha, me te whakarite kia mōhio te hunga e mahi ana i te whare putunga ki ā rātou kawenga i raro i te whakaaetanga here. Koinei te whakaritenga iti rawa mō te pupuri i tō whakaaetanga.
Opaniraa
He wāhi pai rawa atu a Airana mō Haina ki te tuku taonga ki Ūropi nā te mea he mema ia nō te EU, he hanganga whakahaere kua whanakehia, he mākete kawemai e whanake ana, me tētahi anga ture kua whakapumautia mō ngā whare putunga here. Ka taea e ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana te whakahaere i ā rātou rerenga moni me te rautaki mākete i ngā huarahi e kore e taea e ngā kawemai tika te taurite nā te mea ka taea e rātou te whakaroa i ngā takoha, te uru atu ki te mākete EU, me te whai ngāwari mahi, pērā i te kaha ki te kaweake anō me te kore e utu takoha.
Kia pai ai te mahi a tēnei tauira, me tino tika koe: me te whakarōpūtanga waehere HS, te aromatawai tikanga, ngā tuhinga hea, me te whiriwhiri i te hoa mahi kawe. Ka kite ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana e whakapau moni ana ki te whakatika i ēnei mea, ehara i te mea he wāhi penapena taonga noa iho te whare putunga here o Airana; he hanganga whakataetae e āwhina ana i te tipu haere tonu o te mākete Pākehā.
Ka taea e Topway Shipping te whakahaere i te mekameka tuku katoa mai i te wheketere ki te whare here mō ngā umanga e hiahia ana ki te tirotiro i te āheinga whare putunga here mai i Haina ki Airana. Kei a rātou te mōhiotanga whakahaere, ngā hononga kaikawe, me ngā pūkenga whakawātea tikanga hei mahi i tēnei. Ka taea e te tīma te āwhina i ngā kaihoko Hainamana ki ia taahiraa o te tukanga nā te mea he tari kei Shenzhen, ā, neke atu i te 15 tau o te wheako ki te mahi puta noa i ngā rohe.
FAQs
P: Kia pēhea te roa ka taea te penapena taonga i roto i tētahi whare putunga here o Airana?
A: Kāore te Ture Tikanga o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua, arā, te ture e whakahaere ana i ngā tikanga hokohoko i roto i te EU, e whakatakoto ana i tētahi wā roa mō te roa o te penapena i ngā taonga i roto i tētahi whare putunga tikanga hokohoko. Ka taea e ngā taonga te noho ki roto i tētahi whare putunga here mō te roa e pai ana ki a rātou, mena ka mau tonu te whakaaetanga whare putunga, ā, ka puritia ngā tuhinga tika. I te ao tūturu, ka tirohia e te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakahaere ā rātou taonga tawhito i ia wā, i ia wā.
P: Me whai mana tāku ake tikanga tāke hei whakamahi i tētahi whare putunga here o Airana?
A: Kāo. Kāore e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana te whai whakaaetanga ake ki te whakamahi i tētahi whare putunga here tūmatanui e whakahaerehia ana e tētahi 3PL raihana. Kei te 3PL te here tikanga me te whakamanatanga whare putunga. Ka utua e te kaihokohoko te utu ratonga, ā, ka waiho e ia ngā taonga ki roto i te whare putunga me te whakaaetanga a te kaiwhakahaere. Koinei te huarahi tino noa me te huarahi whai hua mō ngā kaihokohoko hou ki te tae atu ki te mākete o Airana.
P: Ka taea te kaweake anō i ngā taonga mai i tētahi whare putunga here o Airana me te kore e utu i ngā takoha o te EU?
Āe. Ko tētahi o ngā mea pai mō te whare putunga here ko ngā taonga ka tukuna ki tētahi whenua i waho o te EU kāore e hiahiatia kia utua he takoha ritenga, he VAT rānei ina puta mai i te whare putunga here. Nā tēnei ka pai a Airana hei wāhi kaweake anō, hei whakakotahi rānei i ngā taonga ka tukuna pea ki ngā mākete i tua atu o te EU.
P: He aha te reiti GST mō ngā kawemai ki Airana, ā, ka taea te whakaroa?
A: Ko te reiti GST noa i Airana he 23%. Ka taea e ngā kawemai i Airana kua rēhita mō te GST te whakamahi i te kaupapa Kaute Whakaroa hei ripoata me te whakahoki mai i te GST kawemai i runga i tā rātou hokinga GST noa, kaua e utu i te wā whakawātea tikanga. He painga nui tēnei mō ngā kawemai e kawe mai ana i te maha o ngā taonga.
P: Me pēhea taku whiriwhiri i waenga i te tuku LCL me te FCL mai i Haina ki Airana?
A: Ko te nui o ngā taonga me te tere o te tuku koia ngā mea matua hei whakatau. Ko te tuku kaipuke e whakakī ana i tētahi ipu 20 putu, 40 putu rānei he iti ake te utu mō ia waeine me te FCL (utaina ipu katoa). Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te matapae i te kawe waka, ā, he iti ake te whakahaere. Mā te LCL (iti iho i te utaina ipu) ka taea e koe te tuku i ngā moni iti ake me te kore e tatari kia whakakīia te ipu katoa. He pai tēnei mō ngā umanga e whānui haere ana, mō ngā raina hua rānei kāore i te nui te tono i ngā wā katoa. Mā te Topway Shipping koe e tuku i ngā kōwhiringa e rua, ā, ka taea e koe te āwhina i a koe ki te kimi i te huarahi pai ki te whakarite i ia kōtaha utanga.
P: He aha ngā tuhinga e hiahiatia ana hei kawemai i ngā taonga nō Haina ki roto i tētahi whare putunga here o Airana?
A: Ko ngā tuhinga matua e hiahiatia ana e koe he nama hokohoko, he rārangi tākai, he pire uta, he pire rererangi rānei, he tiwhikete takenga mai, me te whakapuakitanga tikanga kawemai ka tukuna e koe mā te pūnaha Automated Entry Processing (AEP) o Airana. Tērā pea ka hiahiatia ētahi atu tiwhikete mēnā he tikanga ārai-tuku taonga, he ture rānei e pā ana ki tētahi hua motuhake. Mēnā kei te hiahia koe ki te whakaputa whakapuakitanga tikanga i roto i te EU, me whai nama EORI koe.
