Me pēhea te whai hua o ngā kaihoko kawemai o Chile ki te whakatau i ngā pikinga utu me ngā utu tāpiri o te CNY
Kupu Whakataki
Mō te tini o ngā kawemai o Chile, ehara i te mea ko te "utu Haina" anake te utu o ngā taonga i hangaia ki Haina. Ko te utu taunga tūturu e pāngia ana e te maha o ngā mea e tere ana te huri, pērā i te utu whakawhiti CNY, ngā utu tāpiri kaipuke e haere mai ana, e haere atu ana me te kore whakatūpato, te wātea o ngā ipu, te kīkī o te tauranga, me ngā kaupapa hurihanga o te kaha o ngā kaikawe. Ahakoa ka noho tonu te tono i Chile, ka piki ake te pire whakamutunga nā te mea ka kaha ake te yuan, nā te mea rānei ka tāpirihia e ngā kaikawe he utu hou mō te wā pīki ki tētahi ara kua whakamahia e koe mō ngā tau.
He mea nui tēnei nā te mea he roa ngā wā ārahi o te pūnaha kawemai o Chile, ā, he iti hoki ngā maramataka hokohoko. Mā te panoni iti o te uara o tētahi moni ka arahi pea ki te pēhanga tawhē, ki te ngaronga o ngā whakatairanga, ki te kore taurite rānei o ngā taonga. He pono rawa tēnei ina puta te pānga FX i te wā kotahi me ngā utu whakahaere ohorere pēnei i ngā whakatikatika GRI, ngā utu tāpiri kore taurite o ngā taputapu, me ngā ohorere whakahaere haerenga. Ehara i te mea ko te kaha ki te matapae he aha ka tupu; me hanga hoki e koe he pūnaha ka taea te whakahaere i te ohorere.
E kōrero ana tēnei tuhinga mō ngā tikanga pono, whai hua hoki ka taea e ngā kaihoko kawemai o Chile te whakamahi hei tiaki i a rātou anō i ngā pikinga o te CNY, hei whakangāwari ake hoki i te whakatau i ngā utu tāpiri mā te whakaiti i ngā whakatau whakamutunga, me te whai mana whakahaere anō hoki mō te utu o te whenua.
He aha i pā kino atu ai ngā nekehanga o te tau CNY ki ngā kaihokohoko kawemai o Chile i tā rātou i whakaaro ai
Te whakaaro pohehe mō te utu: "Ka whakahuahia e taku kaiwhakarato i roto i te USD, nō reira kei te haumaru ahau"
He tokomaha ngā kai kawemai o Chile e whakaaro ana mā te utu i ngā kaiwhakarato i roto i te USD ka tiakina rātou i te mōrearea CNY. Inaa, he maha ngā utu mō te kaiwhakarato Hainamana kei roto i te CNY, pērā i te mahi, ngā ratonga, te kawe taraka ā-whare, te tākai, me ngā taake. Ina kaha ake te CNY, ka piki ake ngā tono USD a ngā kaiwhakarato i roto i te wā, ka whakaiti i ā rātou hekenga, ka tāpiri atu rānei i ētahi atu utu pērā i te tākai, te tirotiro kounga, ngā utu "tuhinga" rānei. Ahakoa kei roto i te USD te nama, tera pea ka pā te kaha o te CNY ki ō utu mā te whiriwhiringa anō me te whakakaha haere i ngā tikanga pakihi.
Kāore hoki te mōrearea i te ōrite. Kāore e tukuna aunoatia e ngā kaiwhakarato katoa ngā penapena ina heke te CNY. Engari ina kaha ake te CNY, ka tere ake te urupare a ngā kaiwhakarato, inā koa i ngā wāhanga he iti ngā tawhē.
Papanga FX o Chile: he raruraru moni maha te utu whenua
Ko te tikanga, ka whakahaerehia e ngā kai kawemai o Chile ā rātou moni i roto i te CLP, engari ka utua e rātou ā rātou kaiwhakarato me ngā utu kaipuke i roto i te USD. E hono ana te ōhanga o ā rātou kaiwhakarato ki te CNY. Nā tēnei ka puta he pānga maha-paparanga:
- Ka taea e te kaha o te CNY te pēhi i ngā kaiwhakarato, ka piki ake ai te utu o ngā taonga e utua ana i te USD.
- Ko te utu mō ngā utanga me ngā utu he mea hanga i runga i te tāra US, ā, ka piki ake pea i runga i a rātou anō.
- Mā te nekehanga USD/CLP ka tāpirihia he taumata tuatoru o te mōrearea ki tō utu hoko whakamutunga, ki tō rerenga moni rānei, e hangai ana ki te CLP.
- Ahakoa te āhua "iti" o ia taahiraa, ka nui te pānga whānui.
Te kore taurite o te wā: Ka tere ake te nekehanga o te FX i ngā huringa hoko
He maha ngā wā ka mau tonu ngā moni i roto i ngā whakataunga mō te hoko taonga i ngā marama i mua. Engari ka taea e te FX te huri nui i roto i ngā rā torutoru noa iho. Mena ka whakatakotohia ō utu hokohoko, hoko, kirimana rarawe rānei ki runga i te whakaaro mō ngā utu whenua, ka taea e te huringa tere o ngā utu a ngā kaiwhakarato nā te CNY me te pikinga o ngā utu kawe taonga te whakakore i tō hua i mua i te wehenga atu o ngā taonga i te tauranga.
Te Mārama ki te Whenua Tāpiri i roto i te Utauta Moana me te Utauta Rererangi
He aha i puta ai ngā utu tāpiri, ā, he aha hoki te āhua o te kore e taea te matapae
Ko te whāinga o ngā utu tāpiri he āwhina i ngā kaikawe me ngā kamupene kawe taonga ki te utu i ngā utu tāpiri, ki te whakahaere rānei i ngā kaha iti. Ko te wero mō ngā kawemai ko te rerekē o ngā ingoa me ngā ture mō ngā utu tāpiri mō ngā kaikawe taonga rerekē, ngā ara hokohoko, me ngā wā o te tau. Ko ētahi whakapaunga tāpiri e hono ana ki ngā huihuinga, pērā i te aukati waka. Ko ētahi o ēnei he rite ki ngā rīwhi utu, e neke haere ana ina huri te tono.
Ka rerekē pea ngā utu tāpiri mō ngā utanga e haere ana ki Chile i runga i te huarahi. Ko ngā tauira whakawhiti utanga ka uru pea ki ngā whakahaerenga tāpiri i ngā taunga rererangi, te mōrearea o te hurihanga, me ngā huringa ki te maramataka, e "utu" ana ngā kaikawe mā roto i ngā tāpiringa.
Ngā kāwai tāpiritanga noa e pā ana ki ngā kawemai e haere ana ki Chile
Ka rerekē te rārangi tuturu i runga i te kaikawe me te kirimana, engari ko ngā tikanga utu ka uru pea ki roto i ētahi wāhanga noa.
| Kāwai utu tāpiri | Pūwhakaoho noa | Te āhua o tōna putanga mai i roto i ngā nama | He aha te mataara |
|---|---|---|---|
| Utu Utu Whakatau (PSS) | Ka piki te hiahia o te tau | Tāpirihia mō ia ipu, mō ia CBM/tana rānei | Ngā rā tīmatanga me ngā rā mutunga, ngā huringa motuhake ki ia ara |
| Whakapiki Reiti Ahunui (GRI) | Tautuhi anō i te utu a te kaikawe | Te pikinga o te reiti turanga, te tūemi rārangi motuhake rānei | Ahakoa e pā ana ki ngā reiti kirimana |
| Te utu tāpiri mō te whakakīkī waka | Ngā whakaroa o te tauranga/taunga | Mō ia ipu, mō ia uta rānei | Ko tēhea tauranga e tohua ana (takenga mai, whakawhiti kaipuke mai, ūnga mai rānei) |
| Te kore taurite o ngā taputapu / te korenga o ngā ipu | Ngā utu mō te nekenekehanga o te pouaka | I tāpirihia mō ia ipu | He maha ngā wā ka ohorere, ā, he mea motuhake ki tētahi ara |
| Ngā utu e pā ana ki te puranga wai, ki te wahie rānei | Nga huringa utu hinu | BAF, FSC, he rite rānei | Te māramatanga o te tikanga me te auau o te arotake |
| Ngā utu mō ngā tuhinga/ngā utu whakahaere | tukatuka | Utu pumau mō ia tuku | Te tāruarua i waenga i ngā utu a te kaituku me te kaikawe |
| Nga utu whakahaere mo te waahi | Ngā ratonga taunga me ngā ratonga ā-rohe | THC, utu ota tuku, me ētahi atu. | Te whakarārangitanga o ngā Incoterms me te māramatanga o "ko wai e utu ana i te aha" |
Ehara i te mea he "kino" ngā utu tāpiri i ngā wā katoa, engari ka tino mamae ina kore i whakamaheretia, ā, kāore hoki i hipokina e ngā kirimana.
He Hinengaro Utu Whenua: Hangaia te Mana Whakahaere i mua i te Hiahia
Me whakaaro ki te utu whenua hei pūnaha whakahaere, kaua hei tātaitanga i muri i te meka
Ina piki ake ngā utu, he maha ngā pakihi ka hohoro ki te whakarerekē i ā rātou huarahi, ki te tīmata rānei i ngā kōrero ohorere. Ka taea e ēnei mea te āwhina, engari he otinga pai ake mō te wā roa ko te waihanga i tētahi hanganga utu whenua e whai whakaaro ana ki ngā huringa utu, te rautaki rarangi taonga, me ngā whanaungatanga ki ngā kaiwhakarato.
Ko tētahi huarahi pai hei tīmatanga ko te aroturuki i ngā utu taunga kia mārama ai ngā mea ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri me ngā mea ka taea e koe te ārai, te ārai rānei.
| Waenga utu | Ārahi hurihuri | Te rīpene whakahaere pai rawa atu | Kaiwhakahaere whakatau |
|---|---|---|---|
| Te utu o ngā hua o mua | Te kaha o te CNY, ngā utu a ngā kaiwhakarato | Ngā tikanga a te kaiwhakarato, te pūtake takirua, ngā rarangi whakatikatika utu | ähua |
| Ngā utu mō roto o Haina | Te hinu ā-whare, ngā huringa kaupapa here | Ngā whakaaetanga ratonga ā-whare kua whakaritea | Hoko / Whakahaere Rauemi |
| Te turanga utanga moana | Te kaha, te ā-wā | Rautaki kirimana, tohatoha, whakakotahitanga | Logistics |
| Nga Reta | Te pūngao, te utu o te kaikawe | Te māramatanga o te kirimana, ngā here, ngā ara rerekē | Te Whakahaere / Te Pūtea |
| Insurance | Te uara me te mōrearea o te utanga | Hoahoa kapinga | Finance |
| Nga mahi me nga taake | Te ture me te whakarōpūtanga | Te tika o te waehere HS, te whakamahere tutuki i ngā whakaritenga | Tautukunga |
| Te whakahaerenga tauranga | Ngā kaupapa here o te taunga/rohe | Te whakahāngaitanga o ngā Incoterms, te māramatanga o te kaituku | Logistics |
Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i te taputapu tika ina taea e koe te whakaingoa i te taraiwa. Kāore te huarahi ki te whakatau i te pānga o te CNY i rite ki te huarahi ki te whakatau i te pānga o te aukati tauranga.
Whakaaturia te "utu-ki-te-ratonga" mā te kāwai SKU
Kaua e rite te whakahaere i ngā hua katoa. Tērā pea ka pai ake te whakahaere a ngā taonga iti-te-tapeke, he nui te moni whiwhi, i ngā taonga nunui, he iti-te-tapeke. Ka taea e koe te arotahi i ō mahi tiaki ki ngā wāhi e tino hira ana mā te whakarōpū i ngā SKU mā te kiato o te moni whiwhi (te moni whiwhi mō ia mita pūtoru) kaua e tohatoha ōrite.
Mā tēnei hoki e whakamārama te wā me huri mai i te LCL ki te FCL, te wā me hoko mārire, me te wā me hoko taonga i mua i te wā.
Ngā Rautaki Kirimana me ngā Rautaki Arumoni hei Whakaiti i te Haerenga o te CNY
Whakauruhia ngā hanganga utu e tohatoha ana i te mōrearea FX, kaua e huna
Ki te kore tō kaiwhakarato e hiahia ki te whakatau i ngā utu USD i te wā e kaha ana te CNY, whakaarohia he huarahi hanganga e tuwhera ake ana, e uaua ake ana hoki ki te tinihanga. Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te whakaae ki tētahi utu turanga me tētahi awhe whakatikatika kua tautuhia mārama e ahu mai ana i tētahi matapihi tohu FX. Ko te whakaaro ehara i te mea kia uaua ake ngā mea mō te kore take, engari kia aukati i ngā pikinga utu e puta ana mō te kore take mārama engari ko te "pēhanga moni".
Ka taea hoki e koe te wehewehe i te utu o te hua me ngā utu tāpiri uara kia kore ai e taea e te kaiwhakarato te whakapiki noa i ngā tāpiringa me te kore e kōrero mōna mēnā ka kaha ake te CNY.
Whakamahia ngā tikanga utu hei whakahaere i ngā matapihi whakaaturanga
Ka tere ake te maukati i tō utu mena ka utua e koe ngā moni tāpui i mua i te wā roa. Tērā pea he pai, he kino rānei i ētahi wā. He huarahi whakahaere ake te whakataurite i ngā tohu utu ki ngā tohu mahi, pērā i te whakaoti i tētahi tirotiro, te whakaū i tētahi pukapuka, te whakauru rānei i tētahi ipu mā te kēti.
Mō ngā kaiwhakarato mātau, mā te tirotiro i ngā wā utu roa ake ka āwhina pea ki te whakamama i te taumahatanga o te pūtea mahi e pā ana ki te pikinga o ngā uara. Ina piki ake ngā takoha me ngā uara FX i te wā kotahi, ahakoa he iti noa te panonitanga ka āwhina.
Whakaarohia he huarahi moni whakauru ina whakapai ake i te huanga
I ētahi wā, mā te utu i tētahi wāhanga o te pire i roto i te CNY ka mārama ake ngā utu, ka whakaiti hoki i te hihiri a te kaiwhakarato ki te "whakapau" i ngā utu USD. Kāore e taea i ngā wā katoa tēnei, ā, me rite te tari tāke, engari mō ngā kamupene kawemai nui ake, he pai pea kia tirohia.
Hei haumaru, me whakamātau koe ki tētahi kaiwhakarato me tētahi whānau hua, me ine i te rerekētanga, kātahi ka whakatau mēnā ka taea te whakanui ake.
Te Tiaki Pūtea: Ngā Kōwhiringa Whaihua Kāore e Hiahiatia he Rōpū Putea Nui
Āraia te whakaaturanga e mau ana i a koe, kaua te whakaaturanga e hiahia ana koe kia kitea e koe
Ko te mea kino rawa atu ka taea e koe te mahi i te wā e ārai ana i te FX ko te ārai i te takirua moni hē, i te wā hē rānei. He ranunga tō pānga whai hua mēnā kei roto i te USD ō nama engari ko ngā utu e utua ana e ō kaiwhakarato kei roto i te CNY. Hei pupuri i te pumau o tō rerenga moni, me tiaki pea e koe te USD/CLP me te waihanga i ngā pūnaha pakihi hei ārai i te pikinga o ngā utu nā te CNY.
Ko te parenga paparua te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu mō te nuinga o ngā kawemai o Chile:
- Whakamahia ngā ārai tahua me ngā whakaritenga kirimana hei whakaiti i te whakawhiti moni CNY.
- Whakamahia te ārai USD/CLP (ngā ārai taiao rānei) hei pupuri i te rere o te moni me ngā whakataunga utu kia pumau.
He mahere whakatau māmā mō te kaha o te ārai
| Pakihi Pakihi | Tauira whakaaturanga noa | Te huarahi ārai e pai ana i te nuinga o te wā |
|---|---|---|
| Kawemai iti, ngā tuku koretake | Hokonga ā-wā, he iti noa te matapae | Ngā ārai tahua, ngā whiriwhiringa a ngā kaiwhakarato, te karo i te nui rawa o te ārai |
| Kawemai waenga, kawemai pumau ia marama | Ngā huringa utu e whakahokia ana | Te ārai paparanga i roto i ngā wāhanga e hāngai ana ki ngā ota hoko |
| Kawemai nui, kirimana roa | Te nui o te oro, te aro nui | Te ārai kaupapa here, ngā roopu horopaki, te whakataurite anō i ia wā |
Ehara te ārai i te mea mō te "patu i te mākete". Engari mō te whakakore i ngā āhuatanga kino rawa atu ka pā kino ki tō whakahaere.
Te whakamahere horopaki: hurihia te piki me te heke ki tētahi awhe e taea te whakahaere
Ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi tauira horopaki māmā e hono ana i ngā huringa o ngā reiti moni me ngā pikinga o ngā utu tāpiri ki te utu taunga, ahakoa kāore āu taputapu papai. Ka taea e koe te whakarerekē i tēnei anga tauira kia rite ki ō hiahia.
| Whakaari | Te huringa utu a te kaiwhakarato (e peia ana e te CNY) | Te huringa turanga utanga | Te ohorere tāpiri | Te pānga o te utu whenua (tauira) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tuhinga | + 0% | + 0% | + 0% | Tuhinga |
| ahotea ngawari | + 3% | + 5% | +150 USD/TEU | Te pēhitanga o te tawhē e kitea ana |
| Te ahotea nui | + 6% | + 12% | +350 USD/TEU | Kei te mōrearea ngā mahere whakatairanga |
| Putanga whakauru | + 4% | -3% | +100 USD/TEU | Te pēhanga o te kaiwhakarato engari te whakahekenga utanga |
Ehara i te mea nui ngā tatauranga. Ko te mea nui ko te whakaae tahi i roto i tō rōpū mō ngā mea hei mahi i ia paepae, kia kore ai koutou e whakaaro noa.
Ngā Rautaki Whakahaere hei Whakaiti i te Kino Tāpiri
He kirimana mō te māramatanga, kaua mō te reiti pane iti anake
Mena kāore i te mārama te tautuhi i ngā utu tāpiri, i te nuinga rānei he tuku noa iho, he tinihanga pea te iti o te utu turanga. Ina kōrero koe ki ngā kaituku taonga, ki ngā kaikawe rānei, kia aro ki:
- Ko ēhea ngā utu tāpiri kei roto, me ēhea hoki kāore.
- Mena he herenga, he huarahi rānei hei arotake.
- Me pēhea te mahi o ngā wā pānui me ngā tuhinga e hiahiatia ana e koe.
- Mena ko te utu tāpiri mō ia ipu, mō ia pire utanga, mō ia waeine rānei ka taea te utu.
Ki te kore e mārama ngā kirimana, he mea noa te tautohetohe a te tangata mō ngā pire, kaua ki te mahi kia pai ake ai te mahi a te mekameka tuku.
Kōwhiria te aratau tuku ma te rautaki: FCL, LCL, me te "whakakotahitanga rahi tika"
Ina kore e mārama ngā rahinga, he maha ngā kaihoko kawemai o Chile ka whakamahi i te LCL. He tika tēnā, engari ka taea e te LCL te whakanui ake i ētahi tāpiringa ina whakamahia mō ia CBM, ā, ka taea hoki te tāpiri atu i ngā huringa whakahaere me te wātaka.
Ka taea e te FCL te whakaiti i te utu o te tuku mō ia wae ina nui ake, engari ka taea hoki te whakapiki i te mōrearea mena kāore i te mārama te tono. Ko te whakakotahitanga kua whakaritea he huarahi waenga: te whakarite kia whai hua, kia matapaetia hoki ngā utanga LCL mā te waihanga i ngā wā tuku auau.
Ka tino whai hua tēnei ina mahi tahi te hokohoko me te whakahaere ratonga ki te whakatakoto i tētahi wātaka mārama mō te tuku ota, kaua ki te hoko taonga ina wātea ana, me te tumanako ka noho ōrite tonu te tuku.
Te hoahoa huarahi: te mea huna kei muri i te piki me te heke o ngā utu tāpiri
He mea noa te whakawhiti kaipuke mō ngā tuku e haere ana ki Chile. Ka pā nui te whiriwhiri i te pokapū whakawhiti kaipuke ki te mōrearea o te noho puku, te pono o te kaupapa, me te utu mō te taha ūnga.
Ina piki te utu o te CNY, ā, ina pāngia ngā utu tāpiri i te wā kotahi, ka whiriwhiri pea ngā kaikawemai i tētahi hongere iti ake te utu, me te kore e whakaaro ki tōna pono. Mena ka kore he taonga, ka ngaro ngā matapihi hokohoko, ka tukuna rānei he taonga ohorere mai i te rangi, ka nui ake te utu i te utu utanga teitei ake.
Ko tētahi hoahoa ara pakari he ara matua me tētahi ara rerekē e mahi ana, tae atu ki ngā tumanakohanga ratonga mārama me te māramatanga mārama ki te hurihanga o ngā utu ina hē ngā mea.
Te whakapai ake i te takai me te kawenga: hoha, engari he kaha
Ina piki ake ngā utu tāpiri, ko te whakamahi pai ake i ngā poraka ka noho hei huarahi tika ki te whakapiki i ngā moni whiwhi. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā ipu me te whakaiti i ngā wā tuku mā te hanga i ngā huringa iti ki te rahi o ngā kātene, ngā tauira i runga i ngā papa, ngā paerewa tākai rānei. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei mō ngā taonga kaihoko nui, ngā taonga o te whare, me ngā SKU he iti ngā moni whiwhi.
Ahakoa he iti noa te pikinga o te whai huatanga o te poraka ka āwhina i te whakakore i tētahi wāhanga o te ngaru tāpiri, ā, ka taea e koe te pupuri i tēnei painga ahakoa kua marino te mākete.
Whakahāngaitia ngā Incoterms ki te Mana Whakahaere: Kaua e Utu mō te Pōrearea
Te mahanga Incoterms: "Ka māmā ake te CIF"
Ahakoa te āhua māmā o te CIF nā te mea ko te kaiwhakarato te "whakahaere i ngā tuku," he maha ngā wā kāore e tino mārama ana ngā mea. Mena ko te kaiwhakarato te kaiwhakahaere i ngā utanga, ka taea e koe te tiki utu kua tākaihia kāore e whakaatu ana i te utanga taketake, ngā utu tāpiri, me ngā taake haerenga. Ka raru pea tēnā, ka nui ake hoki ngā utu ina tae atu koe ki reira.
Ki te hiahia koe kia nui ake te mana whakahaere mō ngā utu tāpiri hei kawemai, he mea āwhina pea te huri ki ngā tikanga e āhei ai koe ki te whakahaere i ngā mahi kawe. Heoi anō, me rite tō kamupene ki te kawe i taua herenga.
Hangaia he ture whakahaere mō ngā Incoterms mā te momo hua
Engari i te whai i tētahi huinga Incoterms mō ngā mea katoa, whakaarohia kia whai kupu rerekē mō ngā rōpū rerekē. Me nui ake te mana whakahaere mō ngā hua he nui te uara, he wā hoki e aro ana ki te hokohoko. Mēnā kei te tuwhera tonu, tera pea he pai ngā taonga iti te uara, iti te mōrearea i raro i ngā kupu māmā.
Ko te mea nui ko te whakaiti i te koretake o te whakaaro, arā, ko te whiriwhiri a ngā tīma i ngā Incoterms i runga i te tikanga, kaua i te arorau rautaki.
Te Tikanga Whakahaere: Ngā Tikanga e Whakaiti ake ai te Mamae o te Hurihuri
Whakapotohia te huringa tono utu-ki-pukapuka
Ki te kore e roa te wā e tika ana te whakatau utu mō ngā utanga, ka taea e ngā whakaroa ki te whiwhi whakaaetanga te whakakore i te whakatau utu, ā, ka whakakapia ki tētahi whakatau utu kino ake, inā koa i ngā wā pukumahi. Tērā pea ka whai hua te tikanga poto mō te tiki whakaaetanga ā-roto.
Ehara tēnei i te kī kāore koe e tika kia whakahaere i ngā mana whakahaere. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakatū aratohu mō te whakapiki i ngā mahi me ngā tawhā kua whakaaetia i mua kia taea ai e te tīma te neke tere me te kore e ngaro te mana whakahaere.
Waihangahia he pukapuka mahi tāpiri utu
He rārangi noa iho te pukapuka tākaro o ngā mea e whakaaetia ana e te katoa kia mahia ina puta mai he utu tāpiri motuhake. Hei tauira:
- Mena ka whakaputaina he utu tāpiri mō te wā pīrahi, kia mahara ki te raka i te wāhi, me te whakakotahi i te wā e taea ai.
- Mena ka piki ake ngā utu tāpiri mō te noho pukumahi o tētahi pokapū whakawhiti kaipuke, huri ki tētahi atu ara kua tirohia kētia.
- Ki te kite koe i ngā utu tāpiri mō te kore taurite o ngā taputapu, whakarerekētia ngā matapihi pukapuka, ngā momo taputapu rānei mēnā ka taea.
- Ka mutu te mataku i roto i tētahi pukapuka ārahi, ā, ka ārai hoki i te tangata kei whakatau i ngā whakatau kino e nui ai te moni e pau ana.
Whakapai ake i te whakamanatanga o te nama me te kore e huri hei pakanga
Ki te kore e pai te whakahaere i ngā take tāpiritanga, ka pā kino pea ki ō whanaungatanga. He huarahi pai ake te whakatakoto i ngā tumanakohanga mārama i mua i te wā hei whakatutuki i ngā mea. Hei tauira, he aha ngā tuhinga e hiahiatia ana, me pēhea te whakaara i tētahi tautohe, me te tere o te whakatau.
Ka taea e koe te whakaiti i ngā whakapaunga me te pupuri i ngā hononga tautoko pakari mā te whakaaro ki te whakamana nama hei āhuatanga noa o te mahi pakihi, kaua hei whakapae.
He Tauira Utu Whenua Tūturu: Te Kite i te Pānga Whakakotahi
Anei tētahi tauira e whakaatu ana i te kaha o ngā nekehanga iti ki te hanga tetahi ki tetahi. Kua whakangawaritia ngā tatauranga hei whakaatu i te ahunga me te rahi, kaua hei whakaatu i ngā tere o tētahi kaikawe kotahi.
| Te nama take | Pūtake (USD) | Te ahotea ngawari (USD) | Hurihia te taraiwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Utu hua | 50,000 | 51,500 | Te whakatikatika a te kaiwhakarato e peia ana e te CNY |
| Nga utu takenga | 1,200 | 1,250 | Te pikinga o ngā ratonga ā-rohe |
| Te turanga utanga moana | 3,800 | 4,400 | Te whakawhāiti i te kaha |
| Nga Reta | 600 | 1,050 | PSS + ngā tāpiringa whakakīkī |
| Insurance | 150 | 155 | Te pikinga o te uara utanga |
| Te whakahaerenga tauranga | 900 | 980 | Ngā pikinga ā-rohe |
| Tapeke (mua-tiwhikete/taake) | 56,650 | 59,335 | Pānga whakakotahi |
Ko taua tahataha te rerekētanga i waenga i te hauwhā pai me te hauwhā kino mō te nuinga o ngā pakihi. Ko te tautohe, me nui atu i te kotahi te mea e hiahiatia ana hei whakahaere: te pakihi, te moni, me ngā mahi.
Te Hanga i tētahi Rautaki Manawanui Ake i roto i ngā Rā 90
Wiki 1–4: Whakatūria te tirohanga me te tūāpapa
Tīmata mā te hanga mahere mō te huringa o ngā utu i roto i te wā. Kimihia ko wai ngā kaiwhakarato ka tere te tuku i te pēhanga o te CNY, me ko wai hoki ngā ara ka nui ake te utu tāpiri ohorere.
I taua wā anō, kia rite te tuhi a te katoa i ngā utu whenua. E kore e kitea mārama te tauira mēnā he rerekē ngā tauira e whakamahia ana e ngā tīma.
Wiki 5–8: Whiriwhiria te māramatanga me ngā kōwhiringa hoahoa
Whakamahia ō raraunga taketake hei mahi anō i ngā wāhanga e raru tonu ana. Tērā pea he mārama ake ngā tikanga mō ngā utu tāpiri, he wātaka mō te whakakotahi i ngā tuku, he huringa rānei ki ngā Incoterms mō ngā kaiwhakarato nui.
Waihangatia kia kotahi te mahere ara tārua, ka whakamātautau ki tētahi uta iti, kia kore ai koe e whakamātau i te wā ohorere.
Wiki 9–12: Maukati i te tukanga me te whakahaere
Whakatakotoria tō pukapuka ārahi, ngā paearu mō te whiwhi whakaaetanga, me ngā paerewa mō te tirotiro i ngā nama nama. Me whakarite kia kotahi te whakaaro mō te taha pūtea, te taha hokohoko, me te taha whakahaere mō te huarahi hei whakatau i te pōrearea o ngā mahi mā te whakangungu i te tīma.
He nui atu i te kotahi te whiriwhiringa mō te manawanui. Ina huri ngā āhuatanga, ko te whanonga ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā wā katoa ka pupuri i a koe kia pakari.
Me pēhea te āwhina a Topway Shipping i ngā kaikawemai o Chile ki te whakaiti i te piki me te heke o te hokohoko
He māmā ake te whakatau i te pikinga o ngā utu CNY me ngā utu tāpiri ina mahi tahi koe me tētahi hoa mahi kawe taonga e aro nui ana ki te whakaiti i ngā utu. Ko Topway Shipping, kei Shenzhen, Haina te turanga, he kaiwhakarato ngaio mō ngā otinga kawe taonga hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe mai i te tau 2010.
Neke atu i te 15 tau te wheako o te hunga i tīmata i a Topway Shipping ki ngā mahi kawe waka o te ao me te whakawātea tikanga, me te arotahi ki te haereere i te US me Haina. Ka tukuna e mātou ngā ratonga mō te mekameka kawe waka katoa, mai i te tuku waka tuatahi ki tāwāhi. whare patu ki te whakawātea tikanga ki te tuku whakamutunga. Ka whakaratohia hoki e mātou ngā ratonga utanga moana ngāwari mō ngā ipu katoa (FCL) me ngā ratonga utanga iti iho i te ipu (LCL) mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga matua o te ao.
Mō ngā kaihoko kawemai i Chile, mā tēnei āheinga mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga ka āwhina i te pupuri i te pumau o ngā utu taunga mā te whakamārama ake i te whakamahere utanga, te tuku i te kōwhiringa aratau ngāwari ake, me te whakarite i te whakahaerenga mahi i roto i te huarahi e whakaiti ana i ngā ohorere whakahaere e kino haere ai ngā utu tāpiri.
Opaniraa
Ehara i te mea he raruraru poto noa iho te pikinga o ngā reiti CNY me ngā utu kaipuke tāpiri. He wāhanga ēnei o te mahi a te hokohoko hou, inā koa mō ngā kaikawemai e tiki ana i ā rātou taonga mai i Haina. Ka taea e ngā pakihi o Chile te pupuri i ā rātou hua, te whakatau i ngā whakatau utu kia pumau ake, me te whakaiti i te ahotea whakahaere mena ka whakaarohia e rātou ēnei pēhanga hei mea ka taea e rātou te whakahaere. Ko te huarahi pai ki te mahi i tēnei ko ngā paparanga: ngā tikanga arumoni e whakaiti ana i te whakawhiti CNY, te whakahaere pūtea e aukati ana i ngā ohorere FX kia noho hei raruraru rere moni, me te mahi kawe e whakaiti ana i te mōrearea tāpiri mā te kirimana atamai, te ara, me te whakakotahi.
Ka haere tonu te pōrearea. Ko ngā kamupene kawemai e hoahoa ana i ngā pūnaha e noho marino ana i te wā e huri ana te mākete te hunga e whai mana ana.
FAQs
P: Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā ko te pikinga utu a te kaiwhakarato he mea ārahi e te pikinga o te utu o te CNY?
A: Tonoa he whakamārama hanganga e whakauru ana i ngā utu whakauru me te wā, kātahi ka whakataurite ki te āhua o te huringa o ngā utu i ngā wā o mua. Mena kāore e taea e te kaiwhakarato te whakamārama he aha te pikinga he nui ake i te nekehanga CNY kua whakaarohia, kaua e whakaae ki te pikinga tuwhera. Engari, kimihia he huarahi hei whakarerekē i te utu i roto i te awhe kua whakaritea.
P: Ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā utu tāpiri, kāore rānei he utu tāpiri i ngā wā katoa?
A: Ko ētahi he ara whakawhiti, engari ko te whakamahinga me te māramatanga he mea whiriwhiri tonu. I runga i te rōrahi me te pumau o te ara, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i ngā whakamāramatanga mārama ake, ngā whakaritenga tuhinga, ngā wā whakamōhiotanga, tae atu ki ngā taupoki, ngā hanganga paihere rānei.
P: He nui te whakawhiti Incoterms hei whakatau i ngā utu ohorere mō ngā haerenga?
A: He āwhina, engari mēnā ka taea e tō kamupene te whakahaere i ngā mahi whakahaere tāpiri. Ko te kaupapa matua kia tino rite ngā Incoterms e whakamahia ana e koe ki te taumata mana whakahaere e hiahiatia ana e koe me tō kaha ki te tirotiro i ngā utu.
P: He aha te taahiraa tuatahi māmā rawa atu hei whakaiti i ngā ohorere tāpiri?
A: Tīmata mā te tirotiro i ō tuku i roto i ngā marama 6 ki te 12 kua hipa kia kite ai koe i te nui o te utu tāpiri e utua ana e koe. Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri anō i ngā tikanga me te whakatakoto huarahi hou e pai ake ai te mahi mēnā e mōhio ana koe ko ēhea utu e puta mai ana me te wāhi e puta mai ai.
P: Me ārai tika ahau i te CNY mēnā ka utua e au taku kaiwhakarato i roto i te USD?
A: He maha ngā wā ka whakanohohia e ngā kaikawemai te USD/CLP ki te tihi o tā rātou rārangi nā te mea he pānga tika ki te rere o te moni me ngā utu i Chile. He maha ngā kamupene e aro ana ki te mōrearea CNY mā roto i ngā hanganga arumoni me ngā kōrerorero a ngā kaiwhakarato, kaua ki te ārai tika i te CNY. Nā te mea ka pā tonu pea te CNY mā te āhua o te whakatakoto utu a ngā kaiwhakarato.
P: Me pēhea taku whakatau i waenga i te FCL me te LCL ina kore e pumau ngā utu?
A: Tirohia atu i te utu utanga taketake anake. Tirohia hoki te mahi a ngā utu tāpiri mō ia CBM me ia ipu, tae atu ki te mōrearea pono me te whakahaere. Mō te tini o ngā kawemai, ka taea e te whakakotahitanga rautaki te whakaiti i ngā koretake o te LCL me te kore e akiaki i a koe ki te whakapau kaha ki ngā FCL nui rawa.
P: Me pēhea e taea ai e tētahi hoa mahi kawe taonga te whakaiti i te pānga o te pōturitanga?
A: Mā te hoa mahi pai ka māmā ake te whakamahere i mua, ka āwhina i a koe ki te raka wawe i te kaha, ka hoatu he wehewehenga utu mārama, ka tautoko i ngā kōwhiringa whakakotahi me te ara, ā, ka whakarite kia ōrite katoa ō pepa mahi kia tere ake ai te whakamana nama, kia iti ake ai te raruraru.
