Ngā Wero o te Tikanga Taake a Peru i te Wā o te Tau Hou: Ngā Mea Me Mōhio Ngā Kaihoko Mai
Kupu Whakataki
I ia tau, ka huri te Tau Hou Hainamana (CNY) i te rere o te hokohoko huri noa i te ao. Ka pōturi, ka kati rānei ngā wheketere, ka iti ake te wāhi e mahi ai ngā tauranga, ā, ka nui haere te pikinga o ngā utanga e wehe atu ana i Haina i mua atu, i muri mai hoki i te hararei. Tērā pea kāore tēnei wā hararei e rite ki te whakanui, engari ki te whakamātautau i te ahotea o ā rātou mekameka tuku taonga mō ngā kawemai o Peru, inā koa ko te hunga e whiwhi ana i te maha o ngā taonga mai i Haina.
I ngā tau kua taha ake nei, kua tere te pikinga o te hokohoko a Peru ki Haina, nā ngā huarahi kaipuke hou me ngā kaupapa hanganga nui pērā i te tauranga o Chancay. Nā ēnei huringa i whakapoto ake ngā wā kawe waka, ā, i hangaia he kōwhiringa hou, engari kāore e aukati i ngā raruraru ā-wā i kawea mai e te CNY. Inaa, ko ngā huarahi tere ake ka taea te whakanui ake i te mōrearea mā te kawe mai i ngā utanga maha i roto i ngā wā poto ake, me te whakararu i ngā tikanga tuku iho, ngā taunga tauranga, me ngā mahi whakahaere o roto.
I tēnei wā, me mōhio ngā kaikawemai ki ngā mea e rua e tū ana i te wā kotahi: te ohorere o ngā mahi i Haina me ngā ture e whakahaere ana i ngā tikanga tuku iho o Peru. E whakamārama ana tēnei tuhinga i te pānga o te CNY ki ngā kaweake ki Peru, te wāhi e puta ai ngā whakaroa tikanga tuku iho kino rawa atu, me te pehea e taea ai e te whakarite mohio me te awhina o ngā kaiwhakarato ratonga kawe taonga mohio te pupuri i ngā hua kia neke haere ahakoa kei te mauheretia te katoa i roto i te rārangi.
Te pānga o ngā whakararuraru o te tau CNY i Haina ki Peru
Ehara te Tau Hou Hainamana i te torutoru noa iho ngā rā okioki. He huringa o te puhoi haere, te kati haere, me te whakaoranga e roa ana mō ngā wiki puta noa i ngā pūnaha whakaputa me ngā pūnaha kawe waka o Āhia. I mua i te hararei mana, ka puhoi haere ngā wheketere, he iti ake ngā kaimahi i ngā tauranga me ngā whare putunga, ā, he maha ngā kaimahi kawe waka e hararei roa ana. I mua i te hararei, he nui ngā utanga, kātahi ka okioki, ā, i muri tonu mai ka piki anō.
Mō ngā kaikawemai e tuku taonga ana ki Peru, ko te tikanga o ēnei huringa he maha ngā wā kāore i te tino mārama ngā rā wehenga, he maha ngā wā ka nui rawa ngā pukapuka mō ngā haerenga, ā, he maha ngā wā ka rerekē ngā kaupapa. Tērā pea ka hurihia e ngā kaikawe ngā ipu ki ngā kaipuke o muri mai, ka whakarerekē i te raupapa o ngā kaipuke, ka kore rānei e tau ki ngā tauranga. Tērā pea ka tāpirihia he wiki o te koretake ki ngā taumata tiketike o te noho pukumahi i ngā tauranga nui o Āhia.
Kei te haere tonu te ngaru ki runga i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Whai muri i te Tau Hou o Amerika, he nui ngā utanga e tae mai ana i ngā tauranga o Peru, inā koa ko Callao me Chancay, i te wā kotahi, nā te mea ka wehe atu ngā uta i whakaroahia, ā, ka tae mai i roto i ngā rōpū. Me aro atu ngā kaiwhakahaere o te taunga ki ngā wā e kī ana te papa, ā, me aro atu ngā āpiha tikanga ki te pikinga ohorere o ngā whakapuakitanga me ngā tirotiro. Ehara i te mea ko te roa o te wā e pau ana ki te tae atu ki reira te mea nui; engari ko te āhua o te matapae. Ahakoa he tukanga tikanga ngāwari noa iho, ka nui rawa pea mēnā ka tae mai ngā taonga i roto i te wā poto.
I te wā e whakarite ana i ngā mahere, me whakaaro ngā kaikawemai ki ngā wāhanga, kaua ki ngā rā. He pai ake te kite i te arai whakararuraru e tīmata ana i te toru ki te whā wiki i mua i te hararei, ā, ka roa tae noa ki te rua ki te toru wiki i muri i te whakatuwheratanga anō o ngā wheketere, kaua e whakaaro noa ki te "wiki CNY". E whakaatu ana te ripanga i raro nei i tēnei huringa mai i te tirohanga a te kaikawemai e haere ana ki Peru.
| Wāhanga CNY | Te Wā Tata (e pā ana ki te hararei) | Te ahuatanga i Haina | Ngā Pānga Noa ki ngā Tukunga ki Peru |
|---|---|---|---|
| Te Ohorere o te Wā | -4 ki te -2 wiki | Ka whakatereterehia te whakaputanga e ngā wheketere, ka tukuna ngā ota whakamutunga; ka tīmata te kīkī o ngā tauranga. | Te teitei ake o ngā utu utanga, te kuiti o te wāhi, te mōrearea o te tuku pukapuka ki ngā kaipuke o muri mai. |
| Wā Whakamutu | -1 wiki ki te +1 wiki | He maha ngā wheketere me ngā kaiwhakarato ratonga kawe taonga i kati, i iti rānei te mahi; i whakaitihia ngā kaimahi o ngā tari taake me ngā tauranga. | He torutoru ngā haerenga hou, he kore pumau ngā kaupapa here, he nui ake te mōrearea o ngā whakakorenga, o ngā whakaroa rānei i te meneti whakamutunga. |
| Rārangi Mahi i Muri i te Hararei | +1 ki te +3 wiki | Ka tīmata anō ngā wheketere; ka whakakorea ngā ipu kua kohia e ngā tauranga; kei raro tonu i te tikanga te tokomaha o ngā kaimahi i roto i ētahi rāngai. | Te nui haere o ngā kaipuke e tae mai ana ki Peru, te whakaroa i ngā wehenga, te tūponotanga nui ake o ngā mahi a ngā tikanga me te kīkī o ngā waka i te papa. |
Te Whenua Tikanga a Peru mō ngā Kawemai Taketake mai i Haina
Hei whakarite kia whai ngā taonga katoa e kawea mai ana ki Peru i ngā ture ā-motu, ngā whakaritenga, me ngā ture, me whai i ngā tikanga whakawātea tikanga. Ko te SUNAT (Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administración Tributaria) te tari matua e whakahaere ana i tēnei tukanga. Ko rātou te kaiwhakahaere mō ngā taake me ngā tikanga. Ka mahi tahi a SUNAT me ngā mana whakahaere tauranga me ētahi atu tari e mahi ana ki te hauora, ngā tipu, me ngā hua motuhake.
Ko te tere o te tukunga o ngā ipu mō te uta mai i Haina ki Peru, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mahi tahi a ēnei whakahaere. Ko ngā kaihoko tikanga, ko ngā ākena rānei, te nuinga o te wā ka tuku i te whakapuakitanga, ka whakarite i ngā tirotiro, ā, ka whakarite kia tutuki ngā pepa katoa ki ngā paerewa o Peru. Ko ngā kaikawemai kāore e mahi tahi ana, kāore rānei i te whakaritehia ngā pepa, ka kitea tonutia ā rātou utanga e mau ana i roto i te raruraru o ngā pātai, ngā tirotiro anō, me ngā utu rokiroki.
He mea tino nui te kounga o ngā tuhinga. Ko te tikanga, ka tono te tari tāke o Peru i te Whakapuakitanga Taonga Tāke (e kiia ana ko DAM/DUA), he nama pakihi me ngā whakaahuatanga hua motuhake, he rārangi tākai, he pire uta, ā, ki te tika, he tiwhikete takenga mai me te hanganga ture. Tērā pea ka hiahiatia ētahi atu whakaaetanga mō ngā taonga tairongo tae atu ki te kai, ngā mea whakapaipai, ngā hikohiko, me ngā taputapu hauora.
Mai i te tirohanga o te Tau Hou o te Reo Pākehā (CNY), ehara te raruraru i te whakarerekētanga o ngā paerewa o Peru; engari ko te nui o te pēhanga wā kei raro i ngā kaiwhakarato me ngā takawaenga Hainamana. I te nuinga o te wā ka tatari te tangata tae noa ki te meneti whakamutunga ki te tuhi i ngā mōhiohio, ā, ka nui ake ngā hapa. I ngā wā marino, ka taea e ngā āpiha tikanga te wareware i tētahi hapa waehere HS, he whakaahuatanga hua koretake, he taumaha rānei kāore e ōrite i waenga i te rārangi tākai me te pire uta. Engari i ngā wā tihi i muri i te Tau Hou o te Reo Pākehā, i te wā e mahi ana ngā āpiha tikanga i te maha o ngā mahi, ko ēnei momo hapa ka arahi pea ki ngā tirotiro, ki ngā arotake uara rānei.
Ngā Wāhi e Puta Mai ai ngā Ārai a te Tari Taake i te Wā o te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete
Kāore e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaikawemai te aro ki tētahi huihuinga nui e whakaroa ai i ngā mahi. Engari, ka puta mai ēnei raruraru nā te maha o ngā raruraru iti e piki haere ana. I te wā o te Tau Hou o Amerika, ka puta ake ēnei raruraru mā te whakarite kia tika ngā tuhinga, te whakatau i te nui o te mōrearea, me te maha o ngā tirotiro ka taea te mahi.
I mua i te taenga atu o ngā utanga ki Peru, ka tīmata te puta o tētahi o ngā raruraru tuatahi. Mēnā ka hoatu e ngā kaiwhakarato he waehere HS teka, he uara iti iho rānei hei ngana ki te pupuri i ngā takoha kia iti, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka tohua e ngā miihini mōrearea a SUNAT te uta ina tae mai. Mēnā ka tupu tēnā i te wā e piki ake ana te rahinga nā te CNY, ka noho pea te kōnae i roto i te rarangi mō ngā rā i te mea e tono ana ngā mana whakahaere mō ētahi atu kōrero, pepa, tae noa ki ngā tirotiro tinana. Ka taea e ngā utu rokiroki me ngā utu whakahekenga te kai wawe i ngā "penapena" ka whiwhi koe mai i te whakaputa whakapuakitanga kaha.
Ko tētahi atu raruraru ko ngā kawemai e hiahia ana ki ngā mana whakahaere tāpiri, pērā i te kai, te inu, me ngā taonga ahuwhenua me paahitia ngā tirotiro hauora, ngā tirotiro hauora rānei. I mua i te hoko i ēnei mea, me rēhita pea koe, me whai whakamātautau taiwhanga, me tiki rānei i tētahi tiwhikete motuhake. Mena kei te ngaro tētahi o ēnei, kāore rānei i te tika te whakatakotoranga, ka pupuri pea te tari whakahaere i ngā ipu kia arotakehia rā anō. Ina he maha ngā tari e whai wāhi ana, he tino uaua te whiwhi whakaaetanga kia mahi tahi ai i ngā wā pukumahi.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka utua e Peru he IGV (Impuesto General a las Ventas, he rite ki te VAT) mō ngā kawemai. Ka ahu mai tēnei i te uara CIF me ngā taake e pā ana. I ngā wā tino tiketike o te CNY, ko ngā pātai e pā ana ki te uara, ngā hekenga utu, me pēhea rānei te wehewehe i te utanga ka ara ake pea he tautohetohe mō te turanga IGV. I mua i te tukunga o ngā taonga, me whakatau aua whakahē. Ko ngā kawemai kāore e taea te whakaatu tonu me pēhea te whakaputa i tētahi uara kua pūrongohia, me tatari pea rātou mō ā rātou tukunga tae noa ki te whakaaetia ngā aromatawai hou.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te tauranga tonu. Whai muri i te Tau Hou o Amerika, ina tae mai he rōpū kaipuke kua roa te haere ki Callao, ki Chancay rānei, ka nui ake te kīkī o ngā papa, ā, me iti ake te wāhi e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaiwhakahaere o te taunga. Tērā pea ka roa ake te kimi, te whakawhiti, me te tango i ngā ipu i te wā noa, ahakoa ka tere te whakamana a te tari tāke i tētahi uta. E rua ngā wā e tatari ana ngā kaikawemai: tuatahi ki te tari tāke, kātahi ki te taunga. Hei ārai i te roa o ngā rā e pau ana i runga i te whenua, he mea nui kia tika te raupapatanga o ngā pepa mahi, te whakaritenga a te kaihokohoko, me ngā whakaritenga mō te kawe taraka.
Te Tuhituhi me te Whakatutukitanga: Te Whakatikatika i te Wā Tuatahi
Ko te tikanga pai rawa atu hei whakaiti i ngā whakaroa o ngā taake i te wā o te Tau Hou o Amerika (CNY) ko te mea tino iti rawa te whakahihiri: ko te mahi i ō tuhinga me te tino tupato. I tēnei wā e tere ana te katoa o te mekameka, ko te kaihoko kawemai e whai wā ana ki te whakarite kia mārama, kia tutuki hoki ngā whakaritenga katoa i mua i te tūnga o te hararei.
I mua i te tuku ota hoko, he mea pai kia tirohia ngā waehere HS. He maha ngā mea e ahu mai ana i Haina, inā koa ngā hikohiko, ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana, me ngā taonga hiato, ka uru ki roto i ngā kāwai neke atu i te kotahi, ia kāwai me ōna ake ture me ngā reiti takoha. Mena ka whakaae koe ki te waehere HS tika me tō kaihoko tikanga i Peru i mua i te wā, ka whakarite kia rite katoa ō nama pakihi, ngā rārangi tākai, me ngā whakapuakitanga tikanga mai i te tīmatanga.
He mea tino nui hoki te nui o ngā taipitopito i roto i te nama hokohoko. Ko ngā kupu pēnei i te "pūrere hiko" me te "taonga kirihou" he whānui rawa hei tohu whakatūpato. He pai ake te haere o te tuku, ā, ka heke te taumata mōrearea ina he taipitopito ngā whakatakotoranga, ngā tau tauira, me te whakamahinga e tika ana. Ko te nama kua whakaritea pai ka taea te wehewehe i waenga i te whiwhi rama matomato aunoa me te utu mō te tirotiro ina tata mai te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete, ā, he poto te wā o ngā kaitirotiro tikanga.
Me whai mana anō hoki ngā ture o Peru ki ngā tiwhikete takenga mai me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. Mena ka whiwhi ō taonga i te tiakitanga taripa motuhake i raro i tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko, ka nui pea te utu mō ngā hapa i roto i ngā tuhinga takenga mai. Tērā pea ka whakakahoretia e te Tari Manaaki te hiahia me te utu katoa i te Tari Manaaki, ka puritia rānei e rātou ngā taonga kia tukuna rā anō he tiwhikete kua whakahoutia. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te whai i tēnei tautohetohe i te wā e haere mai ana te tini o ngā kaipuke i muri i te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete.
Kei te ripanga i raro nei ngā tuhinga nui me ngā tūponotanga ahurei e kino haere ana puta noa i te wā o te Tau Hou.
| tuhinga | Te Whainga Matua | Mōrearea mō te Wā o te Tau Hou mēnā kāore i te pai te whakarite |
|---|---|---|
| Whakapuakitanga Taonga a te Tari Tāke (DAM/DUA) | Te tuku tuatahi ki te SUNAT, te whakapuaki i te āhua, te uara, me te takenga mai o ngā taonga. | Ka puta ngā arotake i te hē o te whakarōpūtanga, i ngā āpure kāore anō kia oti, ka whakaroa i te whakaaetanga i te mea he nui te rōrahi. |
| Nama Nama | Ngā taipitopito o ngā hua, ngā utu, ngā tikanga hoko. | Ka hua ake ngā tautohe aromatawai me te tūponotanga nui ake o te tirotiro mēnā kāore i te mārama ngā whakaahuatanga, ngā uara rānei e ōrite ana. |
| Rārangi Whakamutunga | E whakaatu ana i te rahinga, te taumaha, me ngā taipitopito mō te takai. | Mēnā he rerekētanga ki te pire utanga, ki te utanga tūturu rānei, ka hua ake he tirotiro tāpiri, he pauna anō rānei. |
| Pire Uta / AWB | Ngā taunakitanga mō te kawe me te mana pupuri. | Ka uaua te tuku tono a te tari tāke i te wā tomuri o te tukunga, i ngā whakatikatika rānei, inā koa mēnā ka huri ngā rārangi wā kaipuke i te wā o te CNY. |
| Ngā Tiwhikete (Tūnga Taketake, Whakatutukitanga, Hauora, me ētahi atu) | Whakaatuhia te tutuki i ngā manakohanga utu, i ngā ture hangarau rānei. | Ka mutu te whakaaetanga mō ngā taonga tairongo mēnā ka ngaro, ka hē rānei ngā tiwhikete, ā, ka kore pea e whai mana ngā utu whiriwhiri. |
Utauta Whai Wā: Hua Mata, Hikohiko, me te Hokohoko Ipurangi
Kāore e rite te pānga o ngā raruraru tikanga tāke e pā ana ki te CNY ki ngā utanga katoa. Ko ētahi momo hua ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pakaru nā te roa o te ora, te auau o te whakawhiti, te mea rānei e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaihoko.
Kāore e taea te noho roa ki te tauranga mō ngā kai me ngā taputapu ahuwhenua e tika ana kia hou, kia tika hoki te pāmahana. E mōhiotia ana a Peru mō te tuku hua pērā i te purūpere me te āwokato ki Haina, engari ka hokona hoki e ētahi umanga Peru ngā taonga kai, ngā matū, me ngā takai mai i Āhia. Ko ia rā tāpiri e pau ana ēnei utanga i roto i te papa kī tonu i te tangata, i raro rānei i te mana pupuri tikanga, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te pirau, ngā amuamu kounga, me ngā tautohe inihua. Nā te tauranga hou o Chancay kua taea e ngā kaipuke te haere tere ake, me te tika ake. Mā tēnei ka whakaitihia te wā e pau ana ki ngā kaipuke kia tae atu ki tō rātou ūnga, engari he mea nui ake kia rite te whakakore tikanga ki te haere i te wā tonu e tau ai te kaipuke.
He rerekē te mōrearea o ngā taputapu hiko, ngā kākahu, me ērā atu hua rongonui o nāianei. Ina huri ngā wā, ina huri rānei ngā tauira, ka tere te heke o ō rātou uara. Tērā pea ka ngaro i te nuinga o ngā wā hokohoko te utaina o ngā taputapu a te kaihoko e toru wiki te roa nā te raruraru o ngā tikanga me ngā waka i te Tau Hou Hainamana, ka hipa rānei i ngā wā hokohoko nui, ka hipa rānei i ngā putanga hou. I roto i te maha o ngā āhuatanga, ahakoa kua utua tika ngā tari me ngā taake, kua pahemo kē te whai wāhitanga pakihi.
He uaua pea ngā mōkihi hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka whakapuakina i raro i ngā tikanga ngāwari, ka whakakotahihia rānei hei tuku nui. Ina piki ake ngā ota i te Tau Hou Hainamana, nā te mea he ota i mua i te hararei, he ota anō rānei i muri i te hararei, me aro atu ngā kaiwhakakotahi me ngā kaiwhakahaere whakamutunga ki ngā tuku iti. Ka taea e ngā tari tāke te whakaroa, te aukati rānei i ngā tuku katoa mena kāore i te pai ngā raraunga, me te mea kua ngaro te tuakiri o te kaiwhiwhi, he whānui rawa rānei ngā whakaahuatanga hua. Ko te tikanga o tēnei he amuamu ngā kaihokohoko mō te ratonga me te pēhanga ki te whakahoki moni, inā koa kua taunga ngā kaihoko ki te tuku tere.
Te Whakamahere Rautaki: Te Hanga i tētahi Maramataka Kawemai Ārai-CNY
Nā ēnei āwangawanga, e whakaaro ana ētahi o ngā kaihoko kawemai ko te huarahi anake hei whakatau i ēnei āwangawanga ko te "kāore rawa i te CNY." Engari mō te maha o ngā umanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kaiwhakarato Hainamana, kāore e taea tēnei. Ko te hanga i tētahi maramataka ātete CNY e tumanako ana ki ngā raruraru me te tāpiri i ngā ārai i ia wāhanga te huarahi mohio ake.
He huarahi pai ki te whakamahere ko te tīmata me te rā e hiahiatia ana kia noho koe ki te whare putunga i Peru, ka mahi i tō ara hoki mai. Tuatahi, whakaarohia te wā e hiahiatia ana kia wātea ngā mea hei hoko, hei hanga rānei. Kātahi, tāpirihia he wā tūturu mō te kawe taraka o roto, te whakakorenga tikanga, te whakahaere tauranga, me te kawe moana. Kia whakatakotoria taua turanga, tāpirihia ngā wāhanga CNY ki runga, ka whakarerekē i ngā rā i runga i ō ota hoko ina hiahiatia. Mō ngā taonga nui, he mea tika kia neke ake ngā rā tuku mā ētahi wiki, ahakoa he tikanga kia mauria he taonga tāpiri mō te wā poto.
He mea tino nui hoki kia mau tonu te whakapā atu ki ngā kaihoko. He maha ngā kaihanga e whakamōhio ana ki ā rātou kaihoko mō ā rātou mahere kati o te Tau Hou i mua i te tīmatanga. Kei roto i ēnei mahere ngā rā ota whakamutunga me ngā rā kati tuku. Ko ngā kawemai e whai wāhi wawe ana ka whai mana ki ngā wā whakaputa, ki ngā wā uta wawe rānei. Ko te hunga e tatari ana kia tae ki Hānuere ki te uiui mō te kaha, me tatari kia tae ki muri i ngā hararei kia whiwhi ai i ā rātou ota.
I mua i te Tau Hou o te Tau Hou (CNY), he mea pai kia kōrero koe ki tō kaihoko tikanga me tō kaituku uta i Peru kia mōhio ai te katoa. Mā te whakamōhio atu ki a rātou i ō rahinga e tumanakohia ana me te wā e hiahia ana koe kia tae mai rātou, ka taea e rātou te whakamahere mō ngā kaimahi, te tohatoha waka, me te rere moni mō ngā taake me ngā utu. Ina mōhio te katoa o te mekameka ki ō SKU me ngā rā kati tino nui, ka taea e rātou te whakaoti i aua mea ina tae mai te pukumahi.
Te Whakamahi i te FCL, LCL, me ngā Kōwhiringa Huarahi i te Wā o te Tau Hou
I te Tau Hou Hainamana, ehara i te mea ko ngā herenga kaha anake te mea e whakatau ana mēnā ka rere ō utanga, engari me pēhea hoki te rere. Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i waenga i te utanga-katoa (FCL) me te utanga-iti-i-te-utanga (LCL), i waenga rānei i te huarahi tika me te huarahi whakawhiti. Ka pā pea ēnei kōwhiringa ki te mōrearea o te tari taake me te pono o tō kaupapa.
Mā ngā tukunga FCL ka nui ake te mana whakahaere. Nā te mea kotahi anake te kaituku o te ipu, he māmā ake te whakahaere i te utanga me te whakakī i ngā pepa. Tērā pea ka tirohia e te Tari Taake i Peru he whakapuakitanga mārama, kotahi te rōpū, e tere ake ai te tukanga whakahoki mai i ngā mea. I ngā wā nui o te CNY, ka nui ake te aro o ngā kaikawe ki ngā pukapuka FCL nā te mea he māmā ake te whakahaere, ā, he nui ake te moni ka whiwhi.
He iti ake te utu mō ngā whakakotahitanga LCL mō ngā taonga iti ake, engari he nui ake ngā wāhanga nekeneke. Mēnā he hē tetahi o ngā pepa a ngā kaituku, ka taea te pupuri i te ipu katoa. Nā te mea ka whakanohoia ngā utanga mai i ngā kaituku rerekē ki roto i te pouaka kotahi. Ka tāpirihia hoki e ngā mahi mō te whakakotahitanga me te wetewete i te wā i mua me muri i te wehenga. Ina kī tonu, ina iti rānei ngā kaimahi i ngā whare putunga me ngā wāhi pupuri taonga i te wā o te Tau Hou, ka noho ēnei mahi hei raruraru anō.
I te tipu haere o te tauranga o Chancay o Peru hei hononga tika hou ki Āhia, mai hoki i Āhia, kua nui ake te hiranga o te whiriwhiri i te huarahi tika. Nā ngā ratonga tika mai i Haina ki Peru mā Chancay me ētahi atu huarahi kua pai ake te whakapoto i ngā wā whakawhiti moana, ā, i ētahi wā kua nui ake ngā utu kawe waka, neke atu i te 20%. Nā tēnei kua kaha ake a Peru i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Engari mā ngā tere kaipuke ka whakapotohia hoki ngā wā tuku taonga: ki te hiahia koe ki te whakamahi i ēnei huarahi pai ake, me tere ake te wātea mai o ngā whakapuakitanga, ngā whakaaetanga, me ngā tohutohu a te kaihokohoko.
Te Tirohanga Mamati me te Whakaritenga Tikanga e Aromatawai ana i ngā Raraunga
He nui ake te uara o ngā raraunga pai i te wā o te Tau Hou o Amerika (CNY) nā te mea he uaua ake ngā āhuatanga. Ko ngā kaikawemai e whakamahi tonu ana i ngā ripanga tātai me ngā ara īmēra kua marara, tera pea ka uaua ake te whakautu ina whakarerekētia ngā kaipuke, ina hiahiatia he whakatika tuhinga, ina puta ake rānei ngā pātai a te tari taake.
Ka taea e ngā kaikawemai me ngā kaihokohoko te whakatau i ngā kōnae hei tuku tuatahi mā te whakamahi i ngā otinga tirohanga uta e aroturuki ana i ngā tohu mai i te kuaha wheketere ki te tauranga, te wehenga atu o te kaipuke, te whakawhiti kaipuke, me te taenga mai. Ina whakapuakina e ngā kaikawe he ETA hou e whai whakaaro ana ki ngā whakaroa i te CNY, ka taea e te tīma tikanga te whakarerekē wawe i te raupapa o tā rātou tuku me te utu i ngā takoha.
He āwhina anō hoki ngā raraunga hanganga mō ngā mahere HS me ngā rarangi hua. Ka māmā ake te hanga pire pakihi me ngā whakapuakitanga ōrite ina rite tonu ngā waehere hua, ngā whakaahuatanga, me ngā wāhi taripa i roto i tētahi pūnaha pokapū. Ka taea e ngā kawemai te whakamahi i ngā tauira kua whakamanahia i mua e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa tikanga tuku iho o Peru, kaua e whakauru anō i ngā mea katoa ki waho, me te tūpono ki te mahi hapa i raro i te pēhanga o te wā.
Ka nui ake te mahi a ētahi kaikawemai mā te tārua i ngā āhuatanga utu whenua i mua i te CNY. Ka whakamahia e rātou ngā tauira hei tiro i te pānga o ngā panonitanga o ngā utu utanga, ngā kōwhiringa huarahi, me ngā utu takoha ki ngā hua. Mā tēnei ka taea e rātou te whiriwhiri mēnā ka tere ake ētahi tuku, ka whakaroa i ētahi atu kia tae rā anō ki te pikinga o te CNY, ka wehea rānei te utanga ki ngā momo maha (hei tauira, he wāhanga... haurangi mō ngā SKU utu nui me waka moana (mō ngā toenga). He whakataunga pakihi ēnei, engari he tino hononga ki ngā tikanga tāke nā te mea ko ngā tataunga takoha me te IGV e hangai ana ki ngā moni utanga me te inihua i whakaaturia i te wā kawemai.
Me pēhea te āwhina a Topway Shipping i a koe ki te whakatere i te CNY me ngā tikanga tuku iho o Peru
Ina he hoa mahi kawe taonga tāu e mōhio ana ki Haina me te mākete o te Tau Hou Hainamana, ā, kua taunga hoki ki te āwhina i ngā kiritaki kia puta i te ngangau o te Tau Hou Hainamana, ka māmā ake ēnei tikanga katoa. Koinei te wāhi ka taea e Topway Shipping te hanga i tētahi rerekētanga nui.
Kei Shenzhen, Haina te turanga o Topway Shipping, ā, he kaiwhakarato ngaio ia mō ngā otinga whakahaere tauhokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe mai i te tau 2010. Neke atu i te 15 tau te wheako o te tīma whakatū i roto i ngā mahi whakahaere o te ao me te whakakore i ngā tikanga tuku iho, me te arotahi motuhake ki Haina me te Hononga o Amerika. te neke i ngā mea. He tino whai hua taua mōhiotanga, tae atu ki te whakahaere i ngā hongere hokohoko uaua, ngā rā kati tuku poto, me ngā tautuhinga ture uaua, i roto i ngā ara hou pēnei i a Haina–Peru me Amerika Latina katoa.
Kei roto i ngā ratonga a Topway ngā mea katoa mai i te wāhanga tuatahi o te kawe waka i Haina—te kohi mai i te wheketere, te whakarite tikanga kaweake, me te tuhi wāhi i ngā tihi o te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete—ki tāwāhi. whare patu, te whakawātea tikanga i te taha ūnga, me te tuku whakamutunga. He tino whai hua tēnei tirohanga mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga mō ngā kawemai o Peru, me te kore e hiahia ki te whakakotahi i ngā ratonga mai i ētahi kamupene, me te tumanako ka rere tika ngā mōhiohio i waenganui i a rātou.
He ngāwari ngā kōwhiringa utanga ipu-katoa (FCL) me ngā kōwhiringa utanga ipu-iti-i-te-utaina (LCL) a Topway mō ngā utanga moana mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga matua o te ao. I te wā o te CNY, he mea nui rawa atu taua ngāwari. Me huri tere pea koe i waenga i te FCL me te LCL kia whiwhi wāhi ai, me huri rānei i tō huarahi kia whakamahia ngā tauranga hou pēnei i a Chancay me te taea tonu te tae atu ki ngā kuwaha nui pēnei i a Callao. Ka taea e Topway te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatū i tētahi mahere kawemai e whakakotahi ana i te utu, te tere, me te haumaru ture mā te whakarite kia ōrite tō rautaki ipu ki ō whāinga mōrearea tikanga me te wā whakawhiti.
He nui ngā wheako o Topway ki ngā āhuatanga uaua o te tikanga tuku iho, nō reira e mōhio ana ia ki te mahi tahi me ngā kaihokohoko ā-rohe, te aroturuki i ngā huringa o te ture, me te arotake i ngā tuhinga i mua i te wehenga atu o te uta. Ina tino pukumahi a SUNAT, ko te tikanga he pai ake te whakarite i ngā whakapuakitanga, he iti ake ngā ohorere i te meneti whakamutunga, ā, he maeneene ake te tukanga mō ngā utanga e haere ana ki Peru. Ka taea hoki e ngā kawemai te whakanoho i ngā taonga ki ngā pokapū nui hei whakataurite i ngā pikinga i puta mai i te CNY me ētahi atu wā tino pukumahi, me ētahi atu huarahi hei pupuri i ngā taonga ki tāwāhi.
Opaniraa
Ka raru tonu ngā kaihoko kawemai e whakawhirinaki ana ki a Haina hei mākete pūtake nui i te Tau Hou Hainamana. He nui ngā raruraru kei Peru nā te mea kei te tipu haere tonu te hokohoko ki a Haina, ā, kei te hurihia e ngā hanganga hou pēnei i te tauranga o Chancay te huarahi mahi hokohoko i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. He pai ngā huarahi moana poto, ngā kaipuke nui ake, me ngā ratonga tika ake, engari ka taea e rātou te whakanui ake i te tūponotanga mena kāore ngā tikanga tuku iho i te rite mō ngā mahi tāpiri.
Ko te hunga e whakamahere ana mō te Tau Hou o Amerika, kaua e ngana ki te "oma atu", ko rātou te hunga e tino toa ana i tēnei āhuatanga. E mōhio ana rātou ki ngā mea ka puta i ia wāhanga o te hararei me tōna pānga ki te waka i ngā tauranga me ngā huringa o ngā wātaka. Ka āta whakarite rātou i ngā pepa mahi, ka tirotiro i ngā waehere HS, ā, ka whakarite kia tutuki ā rātou pepa mahi pakihi i ngā paerewa a te SUNAT. Ka hangaia e rātou he mahere motuhake mō ngā taonga tairongo e whai whakaaro ana ki te utu o te pupuri i ngā taonga me te tūponotanga o te paunga o ngā taonga, te hinganga rānei o te momo.
Ko te mea nui, kāore rātou e ngana ki te whakahaere i ēnei mea katoa i a rātou anō. Ka taea e ngā kaikawemai te whakakotahi i ngā mahi tuatahi i Haina me te whakarite tikanga kaha i Peru, te whakamahi i ngā rautaki FCL/LCL ngāwari, me te aroturuki i ā rātou tuku mai i te whakaputanga ki te tukunga whakamutunga mā te mahi tahi me ngā kamupene kawe taonga ngaio pēnei i a Topway Shipping. I roto i tētahi ao e pā ai tētahi hararei ki Āhia ki ngā tauranga i Peru, kāore taua momo hononga e waiho hei mea papai; he mea nui mō te hokohoko ka taea te ora me te tupu.
FAQs
Q: Ka whakarerekētia e te Tau Hou Hainamana ngā ture tikanga a Peru mō ngā kawemai mai i Haina?
A: Kāore ngā ture mō ngā tikanga tuku iho i Peru e rerekē i te Tau Hou Hainamana. I roto i te tau, ka whakamahia e te SUNAT ngā ture, ngā rārangi utu, me ngā ture pepa kotahi. I te wā o te CNY, ka rerekē te nui me te wā: he maha atu ngā kaipuke e tae mai ana i ngā wā poto ake, ā, he maha atu ngā kōnae e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha mōrearea tikanga tuku iho i te wā kotahi. Nā tēnei ka nui ake te pānga o ngā hapa i roto i ngā waehere HS, ngā uara, ngā pepa rānei. He rite tonu te hanganga ture ahakoa kua ma, kua rite rānei ō pepa i mua i te wā; engari, ki te ngoikore, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā whakaroa i te wā me muri i te CNY.
Q: Kia pēhea te roa o te wā me whakarite e au ngā tuku ki Peru hei karo i te noho pukumahi i te wā o te Tau Hou?
A: He ture pai ko te whakamahere i mua i te rua ki te toru marama pea. Ko te tikanga, me tuku ota ngā mea me tae ki Peru i mua atu, i muri tata mai rānei i te CNY i te mutunga o Oketopa, o Noema rānei. Hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hurihanga me te whakarerekē i te wātaka, me ngana koe ki te tuku utanga nui i te iti rawa i te whā wiki i mua i te hararei. Me whakarite hoki kia waiho he wā tāpiri ki te taha o Peru mō ngā tikanga tikanga me ngā tikanga tauranga mēnā ka whakaroahia ngā kaipuke.
Q: Ko ēhea ngā tuhinga e tino hira ana mō te whakahaere maeneene o te whakawātea tikanga i Peru i te wā o te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete?
A: He mea nui ngā tuhinga katoa e hiahiatia ana, engari e toru ngā mea tino nui i te wā pukumahi o te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete: he nama hokohoko tika me ngā waehere HS tika me ngā whakaahuatanga hua taipitopito; he rārangi tākai e ōrite ana ki te pire uta me te utanga tuturu; me te Whakapuakitanga Taonga Taake (DAM/DUA) kua tukuna tika e tō kaihokohoko. He rite tonu te hiranga o ngā tiwhikete takenga mai me ngā whakaaetanga motuhake mō te hua (mō te kai, te matū, ngā taonga rongoā, me ētahi atu), nā te mea ko ngā tiwhikete ngaro, hē rānei ka arahi pea ki te pupuri.
Q: He tino haumaru ake ngā tukunga FCL i ngā tukunga LCL i te wā o te Tau Hou o Amerika?
A: He kupu whanaunga te kupu "Haumaru ake", heoi, he iti ake ngā wāhanga neke o ngā tuku FCL. Kotahi anake te whakapuakitanga me te rōpū kotahi e mahi ana ngā tari tāke me ngā taunga ina he kawenga ipu kī tonu e pā ana ki tētahi kaituku kotahi. Mā tēnei ka pai ake te haere o ngā mea i te nuinga o te wā. He iti ake te utu o ngā whakakotahitanga LCL mō ngā rahinga iti o ngā taonga, engari ka tūtaki hoki koe ki ngā whanonga o ngā kaituku tahi. Mena he raruraru tā tētahi atu kaituku i roto i te ipu kotahi ki ā rātou pepa, ki te tutuki rānei i ngā whakaritenga, ka taea te whakaroa i te pouaka katoa. Tērā pea he āwangawanga nui taua whakawhirinakitanga tāpiri i te wā o te Tau Hou, ina pukumahi ngā tauranga me ngā tari tāke.
Q: Ka rerekē rānei te huarahi e whakaaro ai ahau ki ngā mōrearea o te taake nā te tauranga hou o Chancay?
A: Ko Chancay te mea nui e pā ana ki te tere me te tika o te haere a ngā kaipuke i waenga i a Haina me Peru. Mā tēnei ka tere ake, ka iti ake hoki te utu mō ētahi huarahi. Ahakoa ko ia anake, kāore e whakarerekē i ngā ture, i ngā pepa rānei e hiahiatia ana e te tari tāke. Engari ko te tere ake o te whakawhiti he iti ake te "wā whakatā" i waenga i te wehenga me te taenga mai ki te whakatika i ngā raruraru pepa. He mea nui ake te whakaoti i ngā whakapuakitanga, ngā whakaaetanga, me ngā tiwhikete i mua i te wehenga atu o te kaipuke mēnā kei te whakaaro koe ki te whakamahi i ngā ratonga tika a Chancay. Mā tēnei ka tere ake te tukatuka tari tāke ina tae mai te utanga.
Q: Me pēhea te āwhina a tētahi hoa mahi kawe taonga pēnei i a Topway Shipping i ahau i te wā o te Tau Hou o Amerika?
A: He hoa mahi pēnei i a Topway Shipping kei a ia te mōhiotanga ā-whenua mō Haina, me te kaha ki te kite me te whakarite i te mekameka whakahaere katoa mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga. Tērā pea ko te whiwhi wāhi ki runga kaipuke i te wā kāore i te nui, me te whakarite kia tae mai ngā kohikohinga wheketere i te wā tika hei whakatutuki i ngā wātaka whakatere, me te arotake i ngā tuhinga i mua i te wā hei karo i ngā ohorere i ngā tari taake i Peru. Mā ā rātou otinga FCL/LCL whakarerekē me ngā kōwhiringa whare putunga o tāwāhi ka taea e koe te whakarerekē i tō rautaki i a koe e haere ana, te tere ake i ētahi tuku, te whakakotahi i ētahi atu, me te whakangawari i te tono i runga i ō mahi Peruvian ahakoa kei raro te whatunga o te ao i te ahotea o te wā.
