Tukuna mai i Haina ki Brazil: He aha i huri ai ngā mea katoa i te "Remessa Conforme"
Kua puta ake a Brazil hei tētahi o ngā wāhi e kōrerohia ana — me te tino uaua — mō ngā kaihoko whakawhiti-rohe e tuku ana i ngā taonga mai i Haina. Mai i te tau 2023, kua whakahoutia e te Programa Remessa Conforme (PRC), e mōhiotia ana ko Remessa Conforme, ngā ture mō te urunga mai o ngā mōkihi iti te uara ki te whenua, ā, kua kite te kaupapa i ngā huringa kaupapa here maha atu i roto i ngā tau e toru i te nuinga o ngā tikanga tikanga i kitea i roto i te tekau tau. Mena kei te tuku kaipuke koe mai i Haina ki Brazil, ahakoa he toa tuku-taka, he pūkete mākete, he mahi rarawe rānei e whāngai ana i ngā kaituku o te rohe, me mōhio kāore tēnei kaupapa i te kōwhiringa. Mā tēnei ka whakatau i te utu o tō taunga, te tere o tō tuku, ā, i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha mena kei te mahi tonu tō tauira pakihi.
I roto i tēnei pou, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā mahi tūturu a Remessa Conforme, me pēhea te panonitanga o te pāngarau taake tae noa ki te tau 2026, he aha i eke ai ngā rahinga kaipuke ki Brazil ki ngā taumata tiketike o mua, me ngā mahi whai hua ka taea e te kaihokohoko o Haina te mahi kia mau tonu ai te ture, me te pupuri tonu i ngā utu kia iti.
He aha te Remessa Conforme Tuturu?
Ko Remessa Conforme he tikanga ture ā-ture i whakatūria e te Tari Tāke ā-Motu o Brazil (Receita Federal) i te tau 2023. He māmā noa iho tōna kaupapa tuatahi: he whakarato i te māramatanga ki te waipuke o ngā uta hokohoko ipurangi iti te uara e ahu mai ana i ngā mākete o te ao, ko te nuinga o ēnei i tae mai ki te whenua i runga i te kore mana, i ngā uara kua pūrongohia rānei kāore i te whakaata i te mooni. E hiahiatia ana e te kaupapa nei kia rēhita ngā papaaho me ngā mākete ratonga, kia whakapuaki i ngā raraunga uta hiko i mua i te taenga mai o ngā taonga, ā, kia kohia ngā taake tika i te wā e utua ana, kaua i te wā e whakawāteahia ana ngā taake ā-ture, kaua i te wā e tirotirohia ana te tangata i te rohe.
Ka tere ake te whakaaetanga me te iti ake o ngā tirotiro ā-tinana mō ngā papaaho me ngā kaikawe e whai wāhi ana, hei utu mō te rēhitatanga, nā te mea kua rēhita kētia ngā raraunga utanga e te tari tāke o Brazil i mua i te taenga mai o te tuku. Ki ngā kaihoko, he pai rawa atu taua tauwhitinga: Ka tere ake te rere o ngā mōkihi mā roto i ngā tari tāke, he ōrite ake te aroturuki, ā, ka heke te tūponotanga ka mau tonu te mōkihi mō te arotake ā-ringa, ki te whakaritea ki te tuku i waho o te kaupapa.
Te Ture e Huri Tonu Ana: He Rārangi Wā
Ko te mea e whakararu ana i te whakamahere mō Remessa Conforme ehara i te hanganga o te kaupapa engari ko ōna reiti taake, he mea kua whakarerekētia e ngā mana whakahaere mai i te wā i whakarewahia ai. Tērā pea ka raru ngā hua o tētahi kaihoko e whakamahi ana i ngā paerewa o te tau kua hipa i roto i te hauwhā pūtea kotahi.
| wā | Ngā tukunga tae atu ki te US$50 | Huringa Matua |
| whakarewatanga 2023 | Kore utu mō ngā tūāpapa kua rēhitatia ki te PRC | Kua whakaurua te kaupapa; ko te whakawāteatanga he mea here ki ngā kamupene kua rēhita ki Remessa Conforme |
| August 2024 | 20% te taake kawemai ā-motu e whakamahia ana | Ka mutu te mahi kore takoha mō ngā mōkihi iti i te mea e kiia nei ko "taxa das blusinhas". |
| kia 2026 | Kua whakahokia mai te 0% o te takoha ā-motu (MP 1.357/2026) | Kua hainatia e te Perehitini Lula tētahi ture wā poto e whakahoki mai ana i te whakawāteatanga mō ngā wāhi iti iho i te US$50 |
| Mai o Maehe 2026 | N / He | Me mau he CPF (Brazilian taxpayer ID) whai mana i runga i te pire rererangi o ia mōkihi kawemai whaiaro. |
| Mai i te Hanuere 2026 | N / He | Ka tīmata te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga hou o te CBS me te IBS (0.9% me te 0.1%) ki ngā whakawhitiwhitinga hei wāhanga o te whakahoutanga taake whānui o Brazil. |
Tae noa ki tēnei wā, ko te panonitanga nui rawa atu ko te whakahurihanga o Mei 2026. I whakahokia mai e te pire he takoha kawemai ā-motu kore mō ngā hoko e tika ana tae atu ki te US$50, engari me whakaae tonu te Runanga ki te kaupapa i mua i te rā kati ā-ture o Hepetema 2026, nō reira kāore i te tino mōhiotia ka mau tonu te reiti o nāianei mō te tau. Ko ngā kaihoko me ngā hoa taonga e hanga ana i ngā tauira utu pumau kei te whakapae i te mōrearea ture nui.
Te Mahi a te Pāngarau Taake i ēnei Rā
Ahakoa kāore he takoha ā-motu mō ngā tuku iti rawa, kei te tawhiti tonu ngā tuku a Remessa Conforme i te kore takoha. E pā tonu ana te takoha ICMS ā-motu ki te nuinga o ngā mōkihi, ā, ka tino piki ake te hanganga takoha ina neke atu te utanga i te paepae US$50.
| Uara Whakapuakina (CIF) | Te Taake Kawemai ā-Motu | ICMS ā-Motu | Te Tapeke Taumahatanga Taake Tata |
| Tae atu ki te US$50 | 0% (i te marama o Mei 2026) | ~17-20%, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te āhua | ~17-20% o te uara kua whakapuakina |
| US$50.01 – US$3,000 | 60% te takoha, tangohia te whakahekenga US$20 | ~17-20%, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te āhua | Tata ki te 40-50% o te uara kua whakapuakina, i runga i te kawanatanga |
| Neke atu i te US$3,000 | Me whai whakaaetanga kawemai ōkawa | E pā ana te rārangi utu paerewa | Take-i-te-take, e whakaarohia ana he kawemai arumoni |
Mātakitakihia te pānga pari i te tata ki te US$50. Mēnā ka whakapuakina e koe he pōkai mō te US$49, kāore koe e utu i te takoha ā-motu. Engari mēnā ka whakapuakina mō te US$51, ka taea e koe te nama ohorere ki te 60% o te reiti takoha. He pānga rautaki tūturu tēnei rerekētanga. He maha ngā kaihoko inaianei e wehewehe ana i ngā ota nui ki roto i ngā pouaka iti maha hei karo i te paepae. Ko ētahi e whiriwhiri ana ki te utu i te āputa teitei ake nā te mea ka whakaitihia e te paihere ngā utu kaipuke mō ia waeine hei utu i te takoha. Kāore e tika ana tētahi o ngā rautaki – kei runga i te kāwai hua, te hanganga tawhē me te tairongo o te kaihoko whakamutunga ki te tere tuku.
He aha i eke ai ngā rahinga tuku ki ngā taumata teitei rawa atu
He mea whakamiharo ngā tatauranga mai i te whakawhiti kaupapa here i te marama o Mei 2026. I te marama o Hune 2026, neke atu i te 28.4 miriona ngā tukunga o te ao i tae mai ki Brazil, he pikinga tata ki te 118% ki te whakataurite ki te marama kotahi o te tau o mua. Neke atu i te R$2.6 piriona te tapeke o ngā tukunga i tukatukahia e Remessa Conforme i te marama o Hune, koinei te tapeke nui rawa atu o ia marama mai i te tīmatanga o te kaupapa. I piki ake te uara o ngā taonga i haria mā te 77.5%, ā, i piki ake te nui o ngā tuku mā te 74.2% i muri i te huringa ture i te marama o Mei.
Kāore i te tino manakohia te hokinga mai o ngā taonga ki ngā wāhi katoa. E ai ki ngā kaihanga kākahu me ngā hu o roto, kāore e taea e rātou te whakataetae ki ngā uta iti kore-taake. Neke atu i te haurua o ngā mahi hokohoko 70,000 i ngaro i te marama o Mei anake i roto i ngā kākahu, hu me ngā taputapu, e ai ki te Rēhita Whānui o ngā Kaimahi me ngā Kaimahi Kore Mahi o Brazil. Engari ko ngā kawemai iti ake te utu i kiia ai he take i heke ai te pikinga o ngā kākahu me ngā hu ki tōna taumata iti rawa mai i te tau 1994, he mea pai ki te ao tōrangapū ahakoa e pēhia ana ngā pakihi o te rohe. Ko taua pakanga tonu te take he mea nui te pōti a te paremata o Hepetema mō te MP 1.357/2026 – he mea tūturu te hokinga ki te 20% o te taake, ehara i te mea tawhiti.
Ngā Whakaritenga Whakatutukitanga Kāore e Taea e ngā Kaihoko te Peke
Ehara i te mea ko ngā pepa anake hei rēhita ki a Remessa Conforme, engari he rerekētanga anō hoki kei roto i ngā mea e haere tahi ana me ia mōkihi. Mai i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2026, e hiahia ana ngā mana whakahaere tikanga kia tohua he CPF whaimana (nama tautuhi kaiutu takitahi a Brazil) ki runga i te pire rererangi mō ngā tuku kawemai whaiaro. Mō ngā tataunga taake katoa, ki te kore e tika te whakatakotoranga o te CPF, ka taea te pupuri i te uta ki te rohe ahakoa te tika o te tataunga taake.
Kei te tangohia e Remessa Conforme ētahi atu nama mai i te whakahoutanga taake nui ake o Brazil. Ka tīmata te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga CBS me IBS hou o te whakahoutanga takirua-VAT o te whenua ki ngā tauwhitinga i ngā reiti tīmatanga iti i te marama o Hānuere 2026, engari me whai ture nama hiko (NF-e) mō ngā kaihoko me ā rātou hoa mahi. I roto i ngā rā kei mua, ka whakaratohia e te whakahoutanga he huarahi utu wehewehe e tukuna aunoa ai te hea taake o tētahi tauwhitinga ki te kāwanatanga i te wā utu, kaua i te wā e tukuna ai ngā hua. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā kaihoko e utu ana i ngā kaiwhakarato Hainamana i mua i te tukunga. Ka taea te puta te huihuinga taake i te rā utu, ehara i te rā tuku. Ka whakarerekē tēnei i te huarahi e tika ana kia whakahaerehia ai te whakapaipai mahi me te wā taake mō ngā ota ipu nui ake.
Te Kōwhiri i tētahi Hoa Whakahaere e Mārama ana ki te Kaupapa
Kāore e taea te whakahaere i tēnei mea mai i tētahi ripanga tātai anake. Ahakoa he uara kua whakapuakina, he whakatakotoranga CPF, he ICMS e rerekē ana i ia kawanatanga, he paepae takoha ā-motu rānei e rerekē haere ana, me mahi pai, me mahi tonu, me tuku i muri i te tuku, me whakaroa rānei te tuku me ngā utu ohorere ki te whakaiti i te moni whiwhi. Koinei te wāhi e whai hua ai te mahi tahi me tētahi kaituku taonga mātau, ehara i te mea he mea pai noa iho.
Mai i te tau 2010, kua whakaratohia e Topway Shipping ngā ratonga kawe waka whakawhiti-rohe mai i Shenzhen, ā, neke atu i te 15 tau te roa o te wheako o tana tīma whakatū i roto i ngā mahi kawe waka o te ao me te whakawātea i ngā tikanga tuku taonga. Ahakoa kei waenganui ngā pakiaka o te kamupene i Haina me Amerika, ko tana tauira ratonga kawe waka tuatahi, te whare putunga ki tāwāhi , te whakawātea i ngā tikanga tuku taonga me te tuku whakamutunga e kōrero tika ana ki ngā hiahia whakahaere o ngā kaihoko e mahi ana i raro i tētahi tikanga e aro nui ana ki ngā taipitopito pērā i a Remessa Conforme. Ko te whiwhi i ngā uara kua whakapuakina, ngā tuhinga me ngā tikanga whakawātea i te wā tuatahi te rerekētanga i waenga i te utanga e haere pai ana me te utanga e tatari ana i roto i te rarangi tikanga tuku taonga.
Ka tukuna hoki e Topway Shipping ngā ratonga utanga moana ngāwari mō ngā uta ipu katoa (FCL) me ngā uta iti iho i te uta ipu (LCL) mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga matua o te ao ina nui ake ngā rahinga mai i Brazil i tā te kaipuke iti e taea ai te whakahaere. Ka whai wāhi te utanga moana ina nui ake ngā uara ota i te arai kawemai ōkawa US$3,000. Kātahi ka kore e whai mana ngā whakaritenga mōkihi iti māmā a Remessa Conforme, ā, ka whaihia he tukanga kawemai arumoni tuku iho.
Mōkihi Iti, Utauta Moana rānei: Te Whakataurite i te Tikanga ki te Ota
He pātai e ara ake ana ki ngā kaihoko e whakatipu ana i ā rātou pakihi i Brazil, arā, āhea me mutu te tuku i ngā pouaka iti i raro i a Remessa Conforme, ka tīmata te whakakotahi ki te uta i ngā ipu. Ko te whakautu tika he mea nui ki te rahi o te ota, te tawhē hua, me te taumata mana whakahaere e hiahia ana te kaihoko ki te whai i runga i te whakarōpūtanga tikanga.
| Tuhinga | Remessa Conforme (Paha Iti) | Utauta Moana FCL / LCL |
| Uara ota noa | I raro i te US$3,000 mō ia uta | He nui ngā taonga, he maha ngā wā neke atu i te US$3,000 |
| Tikanga ritenga | He māmā ake, kua whakamanahia i mua mā te rēhitatanga kaupapa | Te whakaaetanga kawemai ōkawa, te rārangi utu paerewa |
| Te whakawāteatanga taake | Te takoha ā-motu + ICMS, te pānga pari i te US$50 | Ngā utu paerewa, he nui ake te matapae i te utu mō ia waeine i te tauine |
| He pai rawa atu mo | DTC, tuku iho, whakatutuki mākete | Te hoko rarahi, te hoko tohatoha, te whare putunga i mua i te tono |
| Tere tuku | Tere ake mō ngā mōkihi takitahi | He puhoi ake te kawe waka, engari he iti ake te utu mō ia waeine i te rahinga |
I roto i te mahi, he maha ngā kaihokohoko hou e whakahaere ana i ngā hongere e rua i te wā kotahi – he pōkai iti mō ngā hoko tika ki te kaihoko e whai hua ana mai i te whakahekenga i raro i te US$50, me ngā tuku FCL, LCL rānei ki ngā whare putunga o tāwāhi mō ngā hua e hokona ana i roto i te rahinga nui e taea te matapae. Mā tēnei huarahi ki te wehewehe i ngā mahi kawe taonga ka mau tonu te hongere pōkai whai hua-taake mō ngā ota e tika ana mōna, ā, ka nekehia ngā taonga nui mā roto i tētahi hanganga utu kāore e hono ana ki tētahi paepae ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te neke anō i mua i te mutunga o te tau.
Ngā Hipanga Whaihua mō te Tīmatanga
He maha ngā kaihoko hou ki te mākete o Brazil kāore e mōhio ana ki te nui o te kawenga ture kei runga i te tūāpapa, i te kaituku taonga rānei e mahi tahi ana rātou, ehara i te kaihanga, i te kaihoko rānei. I mua i te tukunga atu i tō taonga tuatahi, he mea nui kia tirohia mēnā ko te tangata e whakahaere ana i te wāhanga kawe taonga mai i Haina ki Brazil kua rēhita pono ki a Remessa Conforme. Ki te kore, ka ngaro i ō tuku te tere o te tuku me te whakahaere taake e taea te matapae.
He mea tika anō hoki te whakawhanake i ngā tauira utu me ētahi ngāwari kua whakauruhia. Kua maha ngā huringa o te reiti takoha ā-motu mai i te tau 2023, ā, kāore anō kia oti te aromatawai ture o Hepetema 2026 mō te MP 1.357/2026, ā, he ngoikore te hanganga tawhē e tika ana i te takoha ā-motu 0% anake. Mā te whakamātautau i te utu ki te whakakorenga o nāianei me te reiti tawhito 20% ka kitea he tirohanga pono ake mō te kaha o te pakihi ki te mōrearea kaupapa here.
Hei whakamutunga, he mea nui ake te whakahaere tuhinga i raro i te Remessa Conforme i tērā i roto i ngā mākete maha atu. Me rite te uara kua whakapuakina ki te uara tūturu o te tauwhitinga. Me tika te hanganga me te whakaū i ngā tau CPF i mua i te tukunga o te pire rererangi. Me tino motuhake ngā whakaahuatanga hua kia kore ai e tirotirohia ā-ringa. Koinei ngā momo take e pāngia ana e ngā kaikawe tuku taonga mātau o Haina, ā, he wāhanga nui tēnei o te take e utua ai te utu mō te mahi tahi me tētahi tohunga, kaua ki tētahi kaikawe tuku taonga whānui, i te pikinga o tō rahinga.
Opaniraa
Kua hurihia e Remessa Conforme te nekehanga o ngā taonga mai i Haina ki Brazil, ā, kei te haere tonu. I roto i ngā tau e toru kua neke te kaupapa mai i te kore takoha ki te 20% taake ā-motu ki te kore takoha anō, ā, kei te tatari tētahi atu huringa ina tirohia e te Runanga te MP 1.357/2026 i te marama o Hepetema. Ko te mea kāore i rerekē ko te tauwhitinga matua. Ko ngā kaihoko e rēhita tika ana, e whakapuaki tika ana, e mahi tahi ana me ngā hoa mahi kawe taonga e mārama ana ki ngā tikanga o te kaupapa ka whiwhi i te whakaaetanga tere me ngā utu e taea te matapae; ko te hunga e ngana ana ki te huri i te huarahi ka pāngia e ngā whakaroa, ngā pupuri me ngā utu e taea te matapae. I ēnei rā, mō ngā kaihokohoko e tuku ana i ngā taonga mai i Haina ki Brazil, ko te kōwhiringa mohio rawa atu ko te kore e whakawhirinaki ki tētahi reiti takoha motuhake e mau tonu ana, engari ko te whakatū i tētahi whakaritenga kawe taonga, e kapi ana i ngā putea iti me ngā utanga moana, he ngāwari ki te tango i ngā mea katoa ka kawea mai e te huringa kaupapa here e whai ake nei.
FAQs
P: He aha te Remessa Conforme?
A: Ko te kaupapa whakatutuki tikanga a Brazil, i whakatūria i te tau 2023, e hiahia ana kia rēhita ngā tūāpapa whakahaere taonga, kia whakapuakina ngā raraunga tuku i runga i te hiko, kia kohia hoki ngā taake i mua i te whakaaetanga o ngā tuku mai i tāwāhi he iti te uara mō te tuku.
Q: Kāore he taake mō ngā uta kei raro iho i te US$50 i tēnei wā?
A: Mai i te marama o Mei 2026, ko ngā uta kua whai mana tae atu ki te US$50 kua kore e utua he takoha kawemai ā-motu, engari kei te whai mana tonu te takoha ICMS a te kawanatanga, tata ki te 17-20% te nuinga, nō reira kāore i te tino kore takoha.
P: Tērā pea ka huri anō ngā ture taake?
A: Mai i te marama o Mei 2026, ko ngā uta kua whai mana tae atu ki te US$50 kua kore e utua he takoha kawemai ā-motu, engari kei te whai mana tonu te takoha ICMS a te kawanatanga, tata ki te 17-20% te nuinga, nō reira kāore i te tino kore takoha.
P: Ka pēhea ngā tukunga neke atu i te US$3,000?
A: Mai i te marama o Mei 2026, ko ngā uta kua whai mana tae atu ki te US$50 kua kore e utua he takoha kawemai ā-motu, engari kei te whai mana tonu te takoha ICMS a te kawanatanga, tata ki te 17-20% te nuinga, nō reira kāore i te tino kore takoha.
P: Me whai nama CPF ia mōkihi inaianei?
Āe, mai i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2026, me whai CPF whaimana ngā mōkihi kawemai whaiaro i runga i te pire rererangi. Ko ngā tuku kāore he CPF whaimana ka tūpono ka puritia ki te tari taake.
P: Me pēhea te āwhina a te kamupene tuku utanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga?
A: Ka taea e te kaihoko te whakamahi i ngā ratonga a te kaituku taonga kua rēhitatia i raro i a Remessa Conforme hei whakahaere i te tika o te uara kua whakapuakina, ngā tuhinga me ngā tukanga tikanga, hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā whakaroa me ngā utu ohorere i te rohe o Brazil.
