Kulemba kwa CE, WEEE, RoHS: Mndandanda Wotsatira Malamulo a Ogulitsa ku China ku France
Introduction
France ndi imodzi mwa misika yopindulitsa kwambiri yamalonda apaintaneti ku Europe. Kugulitsa pa intaneti kudutsa malire kukukwera chaka ndi chaka. Msika waku France ndi mwayi waukulu kwa ogulitsa aku China, komanso ndi chisokonezo chomwe ngakhale ogulitsa odziwa bwino ntchito amatha kukodwa nacho. Chinthu chisanalowe mwalamulo ku France (kapena m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu yaku France), chiyenera kudutsa munjira zingapo zotsatizana zomwe zili mu EU komanso za France. Izi zikuphatikizapo CE Marking, WEEE registration, ndi RoHS administration.
Malamulo awa si malingaliro okha. Ndi malamulo omwe amatsatiridwa m'moyo weniweni. Kasitomu amatha kusunga katundu wosatsatira malamulo. Muyenera kukhala ndi mapepala otsatira malamulo musanagulitse zinthu patsamba monga Amazon France ndi Cdiscount. Bungwe la France la Ecological Transition (ADEME) nthawi zonse limayang'ana opanga ndipo limawalanga mpaka €100,000 chifukwa chosalembetsa. Koma ogulitsa ambiri aku China sadziwa kuti malamulowa alipo kapena amangodziwa za iwo katundu atayimitsidwa padoko, zomwe zimawawonongera ndalama zambiri.
Phunziroli likufotokoza zomwe CE Marking, WEEE, ndi RoHS zimafuna kwa ogulitsa aku China omwe amatumiza katundu ku France, zinthu zina zomwe France imafuna zomwe zimapitirira malire a EU, komanso momwe mungapangire mndandanda wolondola wotsatira malamulo. Tikulankhulanso za komwe ogwirizana ndi zinthu monga Topway Shipping akugwirizana, chifukwa kutsatira malamulo sikungothera pa mapepala okha; kumadutsa mu unyolo wanu wonse wopereka katundu.
Malo Olamulira: Chifukwa Chake France Ndi Yosiyana ndi Misika Ina ya EU
EU ndi msika umodzi, koma dziko lililonse lomwe lili membala lili ndi ufulu wambiri momwe amatsatira malamulo a EU pamlingo wadziko lonse. France imadziwika kuti ili ndi imodzi mwa machitidwe apamwamba komanso okhwima a Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) ku Europe. Lamulo la 2020 Anti-Waste and Circular Economy Act (AGEC) linasintha zambiri pazofunikira za opanga ku France m'magawo monga ma CD, zamagetsi, nsalu, mabatire, ndi zina zambiri.
Ku Germany, ntchito za WEEE zimayendetsedwa ndi kaundula wa dziko lonse wotchedwa EAR. Komabe, ku France, pulogalamu ya WEEE imayang'aniridwa ndi dongosolo la SYDEREP la ADEME komanso mabungwe ovomerezeka a Producer Responsibility Organizations (PROs) monga Ecosystem ndi Ecologic. Makampani omwe sali ku France ayenera kulemba ntchito munthu wokhala ndi nambala ya French SIREN kuti alembetse. Kuyambira mu 2025, France idzafunikanso EPR yopangira ma CD a mafakitale ndi amalonda. Uku ndi kusintha komwe kumakhudza ogulitsa kunja a B2B omwe sanadandaule ndi izi kale.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti ogulitsa aku China ayenera kutsatira malamulo a EU (CE Marking, RoHS), koma zimenezo sizokwanira. Muyeneranso kutsatira mitundu ya dziko la France ya WEEE ndi EPR, yomwe ili ndi nthawi zosiyana zolembetsa, malipoti, ndi malipiro. Ngakhale kuti France ndi gawo la EU, muyenera kuiona ngati dera losiyana ndi malamulo.
Chizindikiro cha CE: Pasipoti yopita ku Msika wa EU
Chizindikiro cha CE ndiye satifiketi yofunika kwambiri pa chinthu chilichonse chomwe chikugulitsidwa ku European Economic Area. Chizindikirocho chikuwonetsa kuti chinthucho chikukwaniritsa miyezo yonse ya zaumoyo, chitetezo, ndi chilengedwe ya EU. Si chitsimikizo cha boma kapena chisindikizo chaubwino; ndi satifiketi ya wopanga yosonyeza kuti akutsatira malamulo, yomwe imathandizidwa ndi zikalata zaukadaulo.
Munthu amene poyamba amaika malonda pamsika wa EU ndiye amene ali ndi udindo wolemba chizindikiro cha CE kwa opanga ndi ogulitsa kunja aku China. Ngati mugulitsa mwachindunji kwa makasitomala aku France kudzera pa tsamba la e-commerce, ndinu amene mumatumiza zinthu ndipo muli ndi udindo wonse woonetsetsa kuti malondawo akukwaniritsa miyezo ya CE. Muli ndi udindo woonetsetsa kuti malondawo akukwaniritsa miyezo ya CE ndikusunga zolemba zake, ngakhale mutakhala wogulitsa pang'ono ndipo malondawo adapangidwa poyamba kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zimenezo.
Ndi Zinthu Ziti Zomwe Zimafunika Kulemba Chizindikiro cha CE?
Malangizo ena a EU okha ndi omwe amanena kuti zinthu zina zimafunika CE Marking. Ogulitsa kunja aku China nthawi zambiri amafunika kutsatira Low Voltage Directive (LVD) pazida zamagetsi, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive, Radio Equipment Directive (RED) pazida zopanda zingwe, Machinery Directive, ndi General Product Safety Directive. Chimodzi mwa izi chimakhudza zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi, magetsi a LED, zoseweretsa, zida zamankhwala, zida zodzitetezera, ndi zinthu zina zambiri zogula.
Njira Yolembera CE
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupeze CE Marking. Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa malangizo a EU omwe amagwira ntchito pa katundu wanu. Nthawi zina, malangizo opitilira amodzi amagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi. Kenako, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mwakwaniritsa zofunikira za malangizo aliwonse omwe akukugwirani ntchito. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika poyesa motsatira miyezo ya ku Europe (EN). Kenako muyenera kuyika Fayilo Yaukadaulo yomwe imaphatikizapo malipoti oyesa, zojambula zaukadaulo, kuwunika zoopsa, ndi Declaration of Conformity (DoC). Pomaliza, mumayika chizindikiro cha CE pa chinthucho, phukusi, kapena buku lothandizira, ndipo mumasunga mapepala onse kwa zaka zosachepera 10.
Kuyesedwa kwa anthu ena ndi Notified Body (labu yovomerezeka ndi EU) kumafunika pazinthu zingapo zoopsa kwambiri. Wopanga anganene kuti chinthucho chimakwaniritsa miyezo yakeyake atachita mayeso omwe amafunikira pazinthu zoopsa zochepa. Ogulitsa kunja aku China ayenera kugwirizana ndi ma lab ovomerezeka aku China (makampani angapo oyesera akunja, monga SGS, Bureau Veritas, Intertek, ndi TÜV, ali ndi malo m'mizinda yayikulu yaku China) kapena Mabungwe Odziwitsidwa aku EU.
Chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kukumbukira ndichakuti musasokoneze chizindikiro cha EU CE ndi chizindikiro cha "China Export" chomwe opanga ena amagwiritsa ntchito. Kwa anthu osaphunzitsidwa, zizindikiro ziwirizi zimawoneka zofanana, koma kugwiritsa ntchito cholakwika pazinthu zotumizidwa ku France kungayambitse kulanda katundu ndi mavuto akuluakulu azamalamulo.
Gome 1: Malangizo Ofunika a EU Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kawirikawiri pa Zogulitsa Zakunja ku China
| EU Directive | Zamgululi zona | Chitsimikizo cha Chipani Chachitatu? |
| Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU | Zipangizo zamagetsi (50V–1000V AC) | Kawirikawiri kudzidziwitsa |
| Malangizo a EMC 2014/30 / EU | Zipangizo zamagetsi, zipangizo zamagetsi | Kudzidziwitsa wekha |
| Ma Radio Equipment Directive (RED) 2014/53/EU | Zipangizo za Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RF | Bungwe Lodziwitsidwa Likufunika |
| Makina Directive 2006/42/EC | Zipangizo zamagetsi, makina | Zotengera zoopsa |
| Malangizo a RoHS 2011/65 / EU | Zogulitsa zonse za EEE | Kudzidziwitsa wekha |
| General Product Safety Directive (GPSD) | Katundu wa ogula (wasinthidwa ndi GPSR Dec 2024) | Zimasiyana malinga ndi chiopsezo cha malonda |
| Dongosolo la Chitetezo cha Toy 2009/48/EC | Zoseweretsa ndi zinthu za ana | Bungwe Lodziwitsidwa Likufunika |
RoHS: Kuteteza Zinthu Zoopsa Kusagwiritsidwa Ntchito ndi Zamagetsi
Lamulo Loletsa Zinthu Zoopsa (2011/65/EU, monga momwe lasinthidwira ndi Lamulo (EU) 2015/863) limaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zoopsa mu zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi (EEE). Lamuloli lidapangidwa kuti liteteze anthu ndi chilengedwe pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala owopsa omwe amapezeka m'malo otayira zinyalala ndi mitsinje yobwezeretsanso zinthu zikapanda kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
RoHS imagwira ntchito pa zipangizo zonse zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi zomwe zimagulitsidwa ku EU, mosasamala kanthu kuti zinapangidwira kuti. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gulu lililonse la zamagetsi, magetsi a LED, zingwe, ma charger, ndi anzeru kunyumba Zipangizo zamagetsi, ndi zinthu zina zolumikizidwa zomwe ogulitsa aku China amatumiza ku France ziyenera kukwaniritsa zoletsa asanalowe mdzikolo. M'magulu ena azinthu, kutsatira RoHS ndikofunikiranso pa CE Marking. Simungathe kuyika chizindikiro cha CE pa chinthu mpaka mutatsimikiza kuti chikukwaniritsa miyezo ya RoHS.
Ndi Zinthu Ziti Zomwe Zili Zoletsedwa?
Mankhwala khumi tsopano aletsedwa pansi pa RoHS. Ma chemical asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira, omwe adawonjezedwa pansi pa RoHS 1 ndipo adatsimikiziridwa pansi pa RoHS 2, ndi lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), ndi polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE). RoHS 3 (Directive 2015/863) adawonjezera DEHP, BBP, DBP, ndi DIBP pamndandanda wa ma phthalates. Mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri (MCV) pa chosakaniza chilichonse ndi 0.1% potengera kulemera kwa zinthu zofanana (cadmium ndi yocheperako pa 0.01%).
Gome 2: Zinthu Zoletsedwa ndi RoHS ndi Malire Okhudzana ndi Kuchuluka kwa Zinthu
| Thupi | Mtengo Wapamwamba Wokhazikika (MCV) | Magwero Ofala mu Zamagetsi |
| Zotsogolera (Pb) | 0.1% | Solder, zingwe za PVC, galasi |
| Zamgululi (Hg) | 0.1% | Nyali zowala, mabatire |
| Cadmium (Cd) | 0.01% | Mabatire, utoto, zophimba |
| Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI) | 0.1% | Zovala za anti-corrosion |
| PBB | 0.1% | Zoletsa moto mu pulasitiki |
| PBDE | 0.1% | Zoletsa moto m'mabwalo ozungulira |
| DEHP, BBP, DBP, DIBP (ma Phthalates) | 0.1% aliyense | Zingwe za PVC, ma gasket, zokutira |
Kuti mutsatire RoHS, muyenera kupeza zikalata zofunika kuchokera kwa ogulitsa zinthu zanu, kuyesa katundu womalizidwa kapena zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa mu labu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zovomerezeka (miyezo ya IEC 62321), ndikusunga Fayilo Yaukadaulo yomwe ikuwonetsa kuti ikugwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna. RoHS sifunikira satifiketi ya chipani chachitatu, koma ogulitsa aku China ayenera kupeza zotsatira za mayeso a chipani chachitatu kuchokera ku ma labu odziwika bwino. Akuluakulu a misonkho ndi magulu otsatira malamulo pamsika nthawi zambiri amafunsa zomwe zapezekazi.
Pali zinthu zina zomwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi RoHS pomwe zinthu zina sizingatheke kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito lead mu soldering yotentha kwambiri kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. European Commission imayang'ana zinthu izi nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo zimangotenga nthawi yochepa. Ngati malonda anu amadalira kuchotsedwa, yang'anirani zosintha za EU Commission. Kuchotsedwa komwe kwatha ntchito kungapangitse kuti malonda anu asatsatire malamulo mosayembekezereka.
WEEE ku France: Udindo Waukulu wa Opanga Zinyalala Zamagetsi
Lamulo la WEEE (2012/19/EU) limalankhula za zomwe zimachitika ku zinthu zamagetsi anthu akamaliza kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Limapangitsa opanga, kuphatikizapo ogulitsa aku China omwe amagulitsa mwachindunji ku France, kulipira ndalama zosonkhanitsira, kukonza, ndi kubwezeretsanso zinyalala zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi. Lingaliro lalikulu ndi Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti udindo wanu pa chinthu sichimatha mukachigulitsa.
Dongosolo la WEEE ku France ndi limodzi mwa mabungwe okonzedwa bwino kwambiri ku Europe. Bizinesi iliyonse yogulitsa zinthu zamagetsi kapena zamagetsi ku France iyenera kulembetsa ndi WEEE Producer Responsibility Organisation (PRO) yomwe ADEME yazindikira. Ecosystem ndi Ecologic ndi mabungwe akuluakulu ku France a WEEE. Mukalembetsa, mumapeza Nambala Yodziwika Yokha (UIN) yomwe iyenera kukhala pamapepala anu abizinesi, malamulo ndi zikhalidwe za tsamba lanu, ndi mbiri ya ogulitsa pamsika.
Ndani Amaonedwa Ngati "Wopanga" Motsatira Lamulo la WEEE la ku France?
Mtundu wa Chifalansa wa WEEE Directive uli ndi tanthauzo lalikulu la "wopanga." Umaphatikizapo bizinesi iliyonse yomwe imapanga EEE pansi pa dzina lake, kubweretsa EEE ku France kuchokera kudziko lina, kapena kugulitsa EEE kwa ogula aku France pansi pa dzina lake, ngakhale atakhala kuti alibe sitolo yeniyeni ku France. Mwanjira ina, wogulitsa ku Shenzhen amene amatumiza mizere ya LED kapena mapulagi anzeru mwachindunji kwa makasitomala aku France kuchokera ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu kudziko lina ndi wopanga wa WEEE mwalamulo ndipo ayenera kulembetsa.
Makampani omwe si aku France ndipo alibe chilolezo chovomerezeka ku France ayenera kulemba ntchito woimira wovomerezeka (mandataire autorisé) yemwe ali ndi nambala yolembetsera ya SIREN yaku France. Woimirayo amasaina pangano la PRO, amalemba malipoti pachaka, ndikulipira zopereka zachilengedwe za wopanga waku China. Ngati simulembetsa kapena kugwira ntchito popanda UIN yovomerezeka, zinthu zanu zitha kuchotsedwa pa nsanja, kutumiza kunja kungaletsedwe pamilandu yaku France, ndipo mutha kulipitsidwa chindapusa cha €100,000 kuphatikiza €7,500 pa chipangizo chilichonse chomwe sichitsatira malamulo.
Maudindo Othandiza a WEEE
Mukalembetsa, muyenera kupereka lipoti kwa PRO wanu chaka chilichonse pa kulemera ndi mtundu wa EEE yomwe idagulitsidwa ku France chaka chatha. PRO wanu nthawi zambiri amaika nthawi yeniyeni ya nthawi yomwe malipoti ayenera kuperekedwa. Muyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zanu zili ndi chizindikiro cha WEEE chofunikira, chomwe ndi chidebe chozungulira, kaya pa chinthucho chokha kapena, ngati chipangizocho ndi chaching'ono kwambiri, m'buku la ogwiritsa ntchito. Muyenera kuuza makasitomala za njira zawo zochotsera zinthu ndikuthandizira kulipira zomangamanga zobweza zinthu ndikuzibwezeretsanso.
Tanthauzo la EU la WEEE lasintha kuyambira pa Ogasiti 15, 2018. Kale linkangophatikizapo mitundu 10 yapadera ya zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, koma tsopano likukhudza pafupifupi zonse. Kukula kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti zinthu zambiri zomwe sizinalamulidwe kale tsopano zikukhudzidwa ndi WEEE. Izi zikuphatikizapo zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zanzeru, zotsatirira zolimbitsa thupi, ndi zida zolumikizidwa kunyumba zomwe ogulitsa aku China nthawi zambiri amagulitsa.
Zofunikira Zapadera ku France: Zomwe Zikupitirira Zomwe Zili mu EU
Lamulo la AGEC ku France (Loi relevant à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l'économie circulaire), lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu February 2020 ndipo lakhala likugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono kuyambira pamenepo, likuwonjezera miyezo ingapo yomwe ndi yokhwima kuposa malangizo ochepa a EU a WEEE ndi ma paketi. Ogulitsa kunja aku China omwe akufuna kugulitsa ku France ayenera kudziwa za malamulo ena omwe ndi a msika waku France wokha.
Chizindikiro cha Triman ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chobwezeretsanso chomwe chiyenera kukhala pazinthu zonse zogulitsidwa ku France zomwe zili pansi pa EPR (kuphatikiza EEE). Chizindikirocho chiyenera kukhala ndi malangizo aku France a momwe mungasankhire katunduyo ndi komwe mungamutayire. Lamuloli limagwira ntchito pa katunduyo komanso m'bokosi lomwe limabwera. Kusawonetsa chizindikiro cha Triman ndi kusiyana kwa malamulo komwe kungapezeke panthawi yowunikira msika.
ADEME imayendetsa nsanja ya SYDEREP, yomwe ndi database yadziko lonse yolembetsa ya EPR. UIN yanu, yomwe mumapeza mukalembetsa ndi PRO yovomerezeka, iyenera kukhala yovomerezeka nthawi zonse. ADEME imalemba mndandanda wa opanga omwe amatsatira malamulo, ndipo misika ikugwiritsa ntchito database iyi mobwerezabwereza kuti iwunike zinthu zisanalembedwe. Kuyambira mu Januwale 2025, France idzagwiritsanso ntchito EPR pakuyika zinthu m'mafakitale ndi m'mabizinesi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ogulitsa B2B adzakhala ndi maudindo atsopano omwe analibe kale.
Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2025, EU Commission idatulutsa malingaliro awiri a malamulo (COM(2025) 982 ndi COM(2025) 983) omwe angapangitse kuti pakhale lamulo loti makampani ovomerezeka akhazikitsidwe m'mabizinesi okhala ku EU mpaka chaka cha 2035. Koma malingaliro awa akunena momveka bwino kuti makampani omwe ali kunja kwa EU, kuphatikizapo opanga aku China, sakuphatikizidwa mu kuphwekaku. Ogulitsa kunja aku China ayenera kupitiriza kusankha oimira ovomerezeka kuti atsatire WEEE ku France, ngakhale malamulo atasintha mtsogolo omwe amakhudza ogulitsa omwe ali ndi likulu lawo ku EU.
Mndandanda Wotsatira Malamulo: Chidule cha Gawo ndi Gawo
Musanatumize chinthu chilichonse chamagetsi kapena chamagetsi ku France, gwiritsani ntchito tebulo ili m'munsimu ngati chitsogozo. Chinthu chilichonse ndi udindo weniweni walamulo, osati lingaliro lokha. Ngati simutsatira chilichonse, mutha kulipidwa chindapusa ndi boma, kusungidwa pa kasitomu, kapena kuchotsedwa papulatifomu.
Gome 3: Mndandanda Wowunikira wa CE, RoHS & WEEE wa Otumiza Zinthu ku China ku France
| Chigawo Chotsatira | Ntchito Yofunika | Ndani Ali ndi Udindo | kachirombo |
| Kulemba kwa CE | Dziwani malangizo oyenera a EU pa malonda anu | Wotumiza kunja / Wotumiza kunja | ☐ Kudikira |
| Kulemba kwa CE | Chitani mayeso a zinthu motsatira miyezo ya EN yogwirizana | Labu yovomerezeka (CN kapena EU) | ☐ Kudikira |
| Kulemba kwa CE | Konzani Fayilo Yaukadaulo (malipoti a mayeso, DoC, kuwunika zoopsa) | Wotumiza kunja / Wotumiza kunja | ☐ Kudikira |
| Kulemba kwa CE | Kulemba ndi kusaina Chikalata Chovomereza Chigwirizano cha EU (DoC) | Wotumiza kunja / Wotumiza kunja | ☐ Kudikira |
| Kulemba kwa CE | Ikani chizindikiro cha CE pa chinthu / phukusi / buku la malangizo | Wotumiza kunja / Wopanga | ☐ Kudikira |
| RoHS | Pezani zilengezo zakuthupi kuchokera kwa ogulitsa onse azinthu | Wotumiza kunja / Wopanga | ☐ Kudikira |
| RoHS | Yesani mankhwala omalizidwa kuti mupeze zinthu 10 zoletsedwa (IEC 62321) | Labu yovomerezeka | ☐ Kudikira |
| RoHS | Onetsetsani kuti zokhululukidwa zoyenera ndi zatsopano komanso zolembedwa | Wotumiza kunja / Loya wazamalamulo | ☐ Kudikira |
| RoHS | Phatikizanipo chiganizo chotsatira malamulo a RoHS mu zolemba zaukadaulo | katundu | ☐ Kudikira |
| WEEE (France) | Dziwani ngati chinthucho chili pansi pa WEEE scope | Wotumiza kunja / Loya wazamalamulo | ☐ Kudikira |
| WEEE (France) | Sankhani Woyimira Wovomerezeka wa ku France (mwini wa SIREN) | katundu | ☐ Kudikira |
| WEEE (France) | Lembetsani ndi French WEEE PRO yovomerezeka (Ecosystem / Ecologic) | Woimira Wogwirizana | ☐ Kudikira |
| WEEE (France) | Pezani Nambala Yodziwika Yapadera (UIN) kuchokera ku ADEME kudzera ku SYDEREP | Woimira Wogwirizana | ☐ Kudikira |
| WEEE (France) | Onetsani chizindikiro cha chidebe chozungulira chomwe chili ndi mawilo pa chinthu/buku la malangizo | Wotumiza kunja / Wopanga | ☐ Kudikira |
| WEEE (France) | Tumizani chilengezo cha pachaka cha EEE chomwe chayikidwa pamsika waku France | Woimira Wogwirizana | ☐ Kudikira |
| WEEE (France) | Perekani zopereka za chilengedwe pachaka ku PRO | Woimira Wogwirizana | ☐ Kudikira |
| France EPR / AGEC | Onetsani chizindikiro cha Triman + malangizo okonzera achifalansa pa malonda/maphukusi | Wotumiza kunja / Wopanga | ☐ Kudikira |
| France EPR / AGEC | Lembetsani UIN ndi maakaunti onse amsika (Amazon FR, Cdiscount, ndi zina zotero) | katundu | ☐ Kudikira |
| France EPR / AGEC | Yang'anirani zosintha za ADEME / PRO kuti mudziwe nthawi yomaliza yopereka malipoti ndi kusintha kwa ndalama | Wotumiza kunja / AR | ☐ Kupitilira |
| Kupaka EPR (kuyambira Januware 2025) | Lembetsani kuti mupeze phukusi la EPR la nyumba ndi/kapena B2B ngati kuli koyenera | Wotumiza kunja / AR | ☐ Kudikira |
Momwe Kutumiza ku Topway Kumathandizira Ulendo Wanu Wotsatira Malamulo
Mapepala ofotokoza momwe zinthu zikuyendera ndi gawo limodzi chabe la vutoli. Ngati mnzanu wokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka katundu sakudziwa malamulo, ngakhale chinthu chomwe chikutsatira malamulowo chingachedwetsedwe, kutumizidwa pamalo olakwika, kapena kusachotsedwa bwino ku kasitomu. Apa ndi pomwe kukhala ndi ntchito yonyamula katundu yodutsa malire kungakuthandizeni kwambiri kupambana mpikisano.
Kampani ya Topway Shipping, yomwe ili ku Shenzhen, China, yakhala ikupereka njira zoyendetsera zinthu kudzera m'mabanki kuyambira mu 2010. Gulu loyambitsa kampaniyo lili ndi zaka zoposa 15 zaukadaulo pa ntchito zoyendetsera zinthu padziko lonse lapansi komanso zochotsera misonkho. Chidziwitso cha Topway chimachokera makamaka ku China-US. Ntchito za kampaniyo zikuphatikizapo unyolo wonse wazinthu, kuyambira mayendedwe oyamba kuchokera kwa opanga aku China ndi malo osungiramo katundu mpaka kumayiko ena. kuwuza, kuchotsa katundu wa pa kasitomu, ndi kutumiza katundu womaliza kumisika yayikulu yapadziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo ku Europe.
Topway imapereka ntchito zotumizira katundu ku China zomwe zimasinthasintha zonyamula katundu wodzaza ndi zinthu (FCL) ndi katundu wochepa kuposa zotengera (LCL) kuchokera ku China kupita ku madoko akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo madoko ofunikira aku Europe omwe amatumikira msika waku France. Akatswiri a Topway angakuthandizeni kupeza njira yabwino kwambiri yotumizira katundu yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu, kaya mukupereka chidebe chonse cha zinthu zamagetsi ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu ya ku France ya 3PL kapena kutumiza katundu wang'onoang'ono wa LCL kuti muyese msika.
Ogwira ntchito yochotsa katundu ku Topway amadziwa mapepala omwe akuluakulu a kasitomu aku France ndi EU amafunikira pazinthu za EEE, monga CE Declarations of Conformity, malipoti oyesera a RoHS, manambala olembetsera opanga a WEEE, ndi magulu oyenera a HS code. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kasitomu adzazindikira katundu wotumizidwa yemwe alibe mapepala oyenera owunikira, zomwe zingayambitse kuchedwa kwakukulu ndi ndalama zowonjezera. Kukhala ndi mnzanu wokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka katundu yemwe amadziwa zomwe mukufuna ndikukuthandizani kukonzekera zikalata zoyenera za kasitomu musanachoke ndi njira yeniyeni yochepetsera chiopsezo chanu.
Topway ilinso ndi njira zosungiramo zinthu zakunja m'misika yofunika kwambiri yapadziko lonse lapansi. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka kwa ogulitsa kunja omwe akusonkhanitsa katundu pokonzekera kutsegulidwa pamsika waku France. Mukakhala ndi zinthu m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu yakunja yokhala ndi fayilo yovomerezeka yotsatiridwa, mutha kumaliza maoda mwachangu mukangomaliza kulembetsa kwanu kwa WEEE ndi mapepala a CE. Izi ndi bwino kuposa kudikira kwa milungu ingapo kuti oda iliyonse itumizidwe kuchokera ku China. Kwa ogulitsa aku China omwe akufuna kupanga kupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali pamsika waku France, zomangamanga za Topway zoyendetsera katundu komanso kuyang'ana kwambiri pakutsata malamulo ndi zabwino zazikulu zogwirira ntchito pa kutumiza kulikonse.
Zolakwa Zomwe Ogulitsa Ku China Amachita - ndi Momwe Mungapewere
Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri tikugwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa kunja omwe amatumiza katundu kudutsa malire, timaona machitidwe omwewo a kusatsatira malamulo mobwerezabwereza. Kudziwa zolakwa izi nthawi zambiri kungakuthandizeni kupewa kupanga zodula.
Anthu ambiri amalakwitsa kuganiza kuti CE Marking ndi ntchito yolemba zilembo kamodzi kokha m'malo mwa njira yopitilira yaukadaulo. Kutsatira malamulo a CE kuyenera kutsatiridwa m'magulu onse opanga. Ngati wogulitsa wanu asintha gawo, asintha kapangidwe ka bolodi la circuit, kapena asintha kupita ku wogulitsa wina wapulasitiki, zikalata zanu zakale zaukadaulo sizingakhalenso zovomerezeka. Phatikizani zidziwitso zokhudza kusintha kwa zigawo mu mgwirizano wanu ndi ogulitsa.
Cholakwika china chomwe chimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi kuganiza kuti kutsatira malamulo a RoHS a chinthucho panthawi yogula kuchokera ku fakitale yaku China kumatsimikizira kuti chikutsatira malamulo onse mpaka nthawi yonse yogulira. Pakakonzedwanso kachiwiri, kulongedza, kapena kusungira, zinthu zimatha kuipitsidwa. M'malo mongokhulupirira zomwe ogulitsa anu akunena, onetsetsani kuti fakitale yanu ikukupatsani satifiketi ya RoHS pa gulu lililonse ndikuyesa katundu womaliza nthawi yomweyo.
Cholakwika chofala kwambiri kumbali ya WEEE ndi kusalembetsa malonda asanayambe kugulitsa, osati katundu woyamba waukulu. Asanayike malonda pamsika, lamulo la WEEE la ku France limati kulembetsa kuyenera kuchitika. Kulembetsa zinthu zomwe zachitika kale sikukonza zolakwa zakale ndipo sikuteteza chindapusa cha nthawi yomwe malonda adagulitsidwa popanda UIN yovomerezeka.
Pomaliza, ogulitsa katundu ambiri sadziwa momwe malamulo amasinthira mwachangu ku France. Lamulo la AGEC likukayamba kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, ndipo njira zatsopano za EPR za mipando, zoseweretsa, ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi manja zikuyendetsedwa chimodzi ndi chimodzi. Wogulitsa katundu aliyense wofunikira ayenera kukhala ndi kalendala yotsatizana ndi malamulo amkati yokhala ndi nthawi yomaliza yofunikira yolamulira ku France ndikukhalabe olembetsa ku nkhani zatsopano za ADEME ndi PRO.
Kutsiliza
Ogulitsa kunja aku China amatha kupeza ndalama zambiri pogulitsa zamagetsi ndi zinthu zamagetsi ku France, koma pokhapokha ngati akuwona kutsatira malamulo ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa bizinesi osati kungoganizira zamtsogolo. CE Marking, RoHS, ndi WEEE sizinthu zobisika chabe; ndi lamulo lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wolowa m'misika yayikulu kwambiri ya ogula ku Europe. Kugwiritsa ntchito malamulowa mwapadera ku France, makamaka kudzera mu lamulo la AGEC, kuyang'anira ADEME, ndi kulembetsa kwa EPR kofunikira, kumapangitsa zinthu kukhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa zomwe ogulitsa ambiri amayembekezera akayang'ana koyamba msika wa EU.
Mndandanda wa malamulo okhudza kutsatira malamulo m'nkhaniyi umakupatsani malo okonzekera bwino oyambira. Koma kutsatira malamulo sikunakhazikitsidwe mwala. France ikupitirizabe kukhwimitsa dongosolo lake la EPR, kuwonjezera magulu ena azinthu ndi ma phukusi, ndikuletsa misika yapaintaneti. Kupeza ziphaso zoyambirira ndikofunikira kwambiri monga kuwonetsetsa kuti muli ndi njira yowunikira kutsatira malamulo.
Ndikofunikanso kwambiri kuti zinthu ziyende bwino. Chinthu chogwirizana ndi malamulo chomwe chimafika ku kasitomu yaku France popanda mapepala onse oyenera, ndi gulu lolakwika la mitengo, kapena popanda manambala olembetsera a WEEE chikhoza kusungidwa, kutumizidwa, kapena kuwonongedwa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze ndalama zanu ndikupanga unyolo wodalirika wogulira ku France ndikugwira ntchito ndi mnzake wokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka katundu monga Topway Shipping yemwe amadziwa momwe angagwirire ntchito mapepala a kasitomu komanso kutsatira malamulo a malonda panjira yopita ku China kupita ku Europe.
Ibibazo
Q: Kodi CE Marking ikutanthauza kuti malonda anga akutsatira RoHS yokha?
A: Ayi. Kulemba CE ndi RoHS ndi zinthu ziwiri zosiyana zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri. Kulemba CE kumaphatikizapo malamulo angapo, monga achitetezo ndi kugwirizana kwa maginito. Komabe, RoHS imangoletsa zinthu zoopsa. Kutsatira RoHS ndikofunikira pa Kulemba CE pazida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi. Simungathe kuyika chizindikiro cha CE mwalamulo pa chinthu china popanda kutsatira malamulo a RoHS, ngakhale kuti njira ziwirizi zimafunikira mapepala, mayeso, ndi zilengezo zosiyana.
Q: Ndimagulitsa pa Amazon France. Kodi ndikufunikirabe kulembetsa kwa WEEE ngati Amazon ikugwira ntchito yokonza zinthu?
A: Inde. Kaya mungasankhe chitsanzo chotani chokwaniritsa zinthu, kampani yomwe imagulitsa zinthu ku France iyenera kulembetsa ku WEEE. Amazon Marketplace sichita ntchito zanu za WEEE. Zikuchulukirachulukira kuti ogulitsa azipereka ma UIN ovomerezeka ochokera ku ADEME asanagulitse zinthu, koma sangathe kukulembetsani. Muyenera kulembetsa ndi French WEEE PRO ndikupeza UIN yanu.
Q: Kodi chizindikiro cha CE chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji pazinthu zamagetsi?
A: Inde. Kaya mungasankhe chitsanzo chotani chokwaniritsa zinthu, kampani yomwe imagulitsa zinthu ku France iyenera kulembetsa ku WEEE. Amazon Marketplace sichita ntchito zanu za WEEE. Zikuchulukirachulukira kuti ogulitsa azipereka ma UIN ovomerezeka ochokera ku ADEME asanagulitse zinthu, koma sangathe kukulembetsani. Muyenera kulembetsa ndi French WEEE PRO ndikupeza UIN yanu.
Q: Kodi database ya SYDEREP ndi chiyani ndipo kodi ndiyenera kukhalamo?
A: ADEME imayendetsa SYDEREP, yomwe ndi njira yolembetsera ndi kulengeza za EPR ya dziko la France. Ngati mupanga chilichonse chomwe chili pansi pa pulogalamu ya EPR ya ku France, monga WEEE, kulongedza, mabatire, kapena nsalu, muyenera kulembetsa mu SYDEREP kudzera mu PRO yanu yovomerezeka. SYDEREP imakupatsirani UIN yanu ndipo imasunga nthawi zonse. Misika yambiri yaku France ndi makasitomala a B2B akugwiritsa ntchito SYDEREP kuti atsimikizire kuti ogulitsa awo akutsatira malamulo.
Q: Kodi Topway Shipping ingathandize ndi chilolezo cha msonkho cha zinthu zovomerezeka ndi CE ndi WEEE?
A: Inde. Gulu loyang'anira zochotsera katundu ku Topway Shipping lili ndi luso kwambiri ndipo limasamalira mapepala onse omwe akufunika kuchitidwa pazinthu za EEE zomwe zikubwera m'misika yaku Europe. Izi zikuphatikizapo CE Declaration of Conformity, zotsatira za mayeso a RoHS, ndi maumboni olembetsera opanga. Topway imapereka ntchito zonse zoyendetsera katundu, kuyambira gawo loyamba la mayendedwe ku China mpaka malo osungiramo katundu akunja mpaka kutumiza katundu womaliza. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala mnzawo wabwino kwa ogulitsa katundu aku China omwe akufuna kumanga unyolo wotumizira katundu ku France.
