Kupita ku China kupita ku France mu 2026: Chifukwa Chake Otumiza Odziwa Ntchito Amafufuza Ma HS Codes Kawiri Asanasungitse Malo Awo
Introduction
Funsani wotumiza katundu aliyense amene wadutsa ku Le Havre kapena Marseille chaka chino, ndipo mudzamvanso zinthu zomwezo zikubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza: musanatsimikizire kusungitsa malo, chidebe chisanatsekedwe, invoice isanamalizidwe, code ya HS imafufuzidwanso kamodzi. Izi sizodetsa nkhawa. Ndi njira yomveka bwino yochitira bizinesi yopita ku France yomwe yasintha kwambiri mu theka loyamba la chaka cha 2026 kuposa zaka zisanu zapitazi.
Mphamvu zitatu zikubwera nthawi imodzi. Mitundu yonse yoyendera tsopano ikufuna kuti ma code azinthu alengezedwe molondola m'malengezo asanachitike motsatira EU Import Control System 2 (ICS2). Mu Marichi, France idakhazikitsa msonkho watsopano wa ma phukusi ang'onoang'ono pamwamba pa VAT yochokera kunja. Ndipo kuchotsedwa kwa €150 komwe kwakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali kukutha. Pankhaniyi, nambala imodzi yolakwika mu HS code si vuto la mapepala lomwe limakonzedwa patebulo, koma chifukwa cha kuletsa, lamulo la Do-Not-Load, kapena chindapusa chomwe chimachotsa malire pa katundu yense wotumizidwa.
Phunziroli likufotokoza zomwe zinachitika, chifukwa chake HS code ili pakati pa zonsezi, komanso momwe chizolowezi chogawa katundu chimatetezera nthawi yanu komanso ndalama zomwe mwapeza. Ngati mukusintha kwambiri kuchokera ku China kupita ku France, ndipo mukufuna kusiya kuganiza kuti malamulo a kasitomu ndi osayenera, nkhaniyi ndi ya ogulitsa ndi otumiza katundu kunja.
Chifukwa Chake HS Code Inakhala Gawo Lofunika Kwambiri mu 2026
Kwa zaka zambiri zapitazi, HS code inali chinthu china chodziwika bwino. Fakitale inadzaza, wotumiza katundu anaiikamo, ndipo makasitomala sanakayikepo ngati mtengo wake ukuwoneka wokayikitsa. Kulekerera kumeneko sikuliponso. Kufotokozera kwake ndi kwa kapangidwe kake: EU yasintha kusanthula zoopsa za misonkho kuchokera kufika mpaka nthawi yotsitsa, ndipo HS code ndiye kiyi yoyamba yomwe injini yonse ya zoopsa imafufuza.
Pa katundu aliyense wolowa kapena kudutsa mu EU, chilengezo chachidule cha Entry Summary Declaration (ENS) chiyenera kuperekedwa musananyamule katunduyo pansi pa ICS2. Osachepera, chilengezocho chiyenera kukhala ndi HS code ya manambala asanu ndi limodzi, kuwerengera kolondola kwa phukusi, nambala ya EORI ya wotumizayo, kufotokozera kolondola kwa katunduyo ndi kulemera kwake konse. Kuyambira Seputembala 2025, malo anayi akuluakulu olowera katundu ku Asia - France, Germany, Belgium ndi Netherlands - akhala akugwira ntchito motsatira malamulo a ICS2 a mitundu yonse ya mayendedwe. Njira yakale ya ICS1 idathetsedwa kwathunthu pofika February 2026, kotero palibe njira yobwerera m'mbuyo yotumizira katundu wosatsatira malamulo.
Kuchokera ku Kulekerera Kofewa Mpaka Kukana Kokha
Koma kusintha komwe otumiza katundu akukumana nako amakumvetsa bwino kwambiri ndi makina odziyimira pawokha. Malembo ambiri sakuonedwanso ndi akuluakulu a kasitomu, koma ndi njira yodziwira zinthu. Dongosololi limatsimikizira khodi ya HS motsutsana ndi mafotokozedwe olembedwa a katunduyo, ndipo kusiyana kulikonse - monga khodi ya manambala asanu ndi limodzi ya zinthu zapulasitiki pamodzi ndi kufotokozera komwe kumawerengedwa kuti "mpando wamagetsi wopaka masaji" - kumazindikirika mwachangu. Ndipo pofika Seputembala 2026, EU ikukonzekera kuyambitsa zofunikira kwambiri pamtundu wa deta, kotero mafotokozedwe osamveka bwino ndi magulu a malire omwe adadutsa chaka chatha angayambitse pang'onopang'ono kuletsa ndi kufunikira kwa chidziwitso china.
Mwachitsanzo, ma invoice amalonda kuti avomerezedwe ku France amafuna code ya manambala asanu ndi atatu, osati mizu ya manambala asanu ndi limodzi padziko lonse lapansi. Manambala asanu ndi limodzi oyamba ndi System Yogwirizana Padziko Lonse; awiri otsatira ndi Mayina Ogwirizana a EU; ndipo chizindikiritso chonse cha TARIC ndi manambala khumi, omwe ali ndi miyezo yeniyeni ya EU monga misonkho yotsutsana ndi kutaya katundu ndi zabwino za msonkho. Mukalakwitsa manambala asanu ndi atatu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chiwongola dzanja cholakwika popanda kudziwa.
Mndandanda wa Malamulo a 2026: Zomwe Zinasinthadi
Ndikothandiza kuganizira malamulo atsopanowa ngati gulu osati mndandanda, chifukwa gawo lililonse lidzagwirizana ndi HS code mwanjira ina. Nayi nkhani yeniyeni ya kayendedwe ka katundu kuchokera ku China kupita ku France chaka chino.
| Change | Kugwiritsa | Momwe imakhudzira HS code |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito ICS2 mokwanira (njira zonse) | Seputembala 2025 → Febuwale 2026 | ENS imafuna khodi yolondola ya manambala 6 (nthawi zambiri manambala 8) isanayambe kutsegulidwa |
| Misonkho yaing'ono ya ku France (€2) | Mar 1, 2026 | €2 pa khodi yapadera ya HS m'maphukusi osakwana €150 |
| Kutha kwa €150 kuchotsera msonkho | Jul 1, 2026 | Ndalama zomwe zimayesedwa ndi HS code pa ma phukusi otsika mtengo; mtengo wokhazikika wa €3 pa chinthu chilichonse |
| IOSS ndi yofunikira kwambiri | Kutulutsidwa kwa 2026 | VAT yosonkhanitsidwa pasadakhale polipira; chinthu chilichonse chikufunika khodi yolondola ya HS |
| Malo Osungira Deta a Kasitomu ku EU (macheke a AI) | Kuyika pang'onopang'ono | Kutsimikizira ma code a HS nthawi yeniyeni motsutsana ndi mafotokozedwe |
Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha momwe code tsopano imayendetsera mtengo mwachindunji ndi msonkho wa €2 wa phukusi laling'ono womwe France idakhazikitsa pa 1 Marichi 2026. Mtengo uwu ndi wa HS code yapadera pa phukusi, osati pa chinthu chilichonse komanso osati pa kutumiza. Phukusi lomwe lili ndi nsapato ndi zipewa ziwiri lili ndi ma code awiri osiyana motero limayenera kulipira msonkho wa €4, kuwonjezera pa 20% ya VAT yolowera kunja ndi misonkho yomwe ingatheke. Kugawa mosasamala - kugawa gulu limodzi la chinthu m'ma code angapo, kapena kugawa zinthu zosiyanasiyana pansi pa chimodzi - tsopano kumasintha biluyo m'njira zomwe kasitomala amawona akamalipira.
Poganizira zamtsogolo, ndalama zochepera €150 zidzatha pa 1 Julayi 2026. Pazinthu zotumizidwa pa intaneti zomwe zalembetsedwa ndi IOSS zosakwana €150, ndalama zosakhalitsa za €3 pa chinthu chilichonse zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka EU Customs Data Hub itagwira ntchito mokwanira. Pambuyo pake, mitengo yonse yochokera ku ma code a HS idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pa phukusi lililonse mosasamala kanthu za mtengo wake. Kutumiza konse kowonjezera, zitsanzo zoyendetsedwa ndi maoda ang'onoang'ono omwe kale anali pansi pa malire adzawerengedwa ndi kulipidwa. Palibe mtundu waposachedwa pomwe pali kugawa kosakhazikika.
Kodi HS Code Yolakwika Imakuwonongerani Ndalama Zotani?
Chiphunzitsochi ndi chongopeka, koma biluyo si yolondola. France imakhometsa msonkho pa mtengo wa CIF (mtengo wa katundu, kuphatikizapo katundu wakunja ndi inshuwaransi) kenako imawonjezera 20% ya VAT yochokera kunja ku mtengo wophatikiza msonkho. Mtengo wonse wa msonkho umachokera pa HS code yokha. Mtengo wapakati wa msonkho wa mafakitale ndi pafupifupi 4.2% koma kusiyana kwa avareji imeneyo ndi kwakukulu ndipo ndichifukwa chake khodiyo ndi yofunika kwambiri.
| Mtundu wa katundu | Muzu wamba wa HS | Udindo wofunikira wa EU | VAT kuchokera kunja |
| Makompyuta apakompyuta/makina osungira deta | 8471 | 0% | 20% |
| Zowunikira za LED | 9405 | 2.7% - 4.7% | 20% |
| Mipando (mipando, matebulo) | 9401 / 9403 | 0% - 5.6% | 20% |
| Zovala & zovala | 61 / 62 | mpaka ~12% | 20% |
| Zida zazing'ono zakukhitchini | 8509 / 8516 | 2.2% - 3.7% | 20% |
| Zakudya zokonzedwa | 16 - 21 | mpaka ~17.3% | 5.5% - 20% |
Werengani tebulo limenelo poyerekeza ndi zochitika zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani za wamalonda amene amatumiza kunja chidebe cha mipando yopangidwa ndi upholstery chamtengo wa €60,000 CIF. Ngati chaikidwa bwino pansi pa mutu wa mipando yoyenera, msonkho ndi zero ndipo VAT ndi €12,000. Chilengezeni molakwika pansi pa gulu losanjikiza nsalu lomwe lili ndi 12% ndipo misonkho ikhoza kusonkhetsa €7,200 mu msonkho kuphatikiza €1,440 yowonjezera mu VAT pa msonkhowo - pafupifupi €8,640 mtengo wosafunikira musanalandire chilango chilichonse chifukwa cha kulengeza molakwika. Chogulitsacho sichinasinthidwe pa HS code. Chinasintha bilu ndi mtengo wa galimoto yochepa.
Ndipo kusokoneza kagawidwe ka zinthu sikumabwera kokha. Khodi yodziwika bwino ingaphatikizepo kuyang'ana katundu yense pamanja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimafunika padoko, ndalama zosungira, nthawi yoti katundu afike, komanso kwa ogulitsa omwe akugwiritsa ntchito ma SLA pamsika, zilango zokhudzana ndi thanzi la akaunti zomwe zimapitirira nthawi yomwe katunduyo amatumizidwa. Ndalama zomwe munthu amawononga polemba manambala sizikhala kusiyana kwa malipiro.
Ndondomeko Yoyendetsera Ntchito Yosakonzekera Kulembetsa Imene Otumiza Odziwa Ntchito Amagwiritsa Ntchito
Ndiye kodi kuyang'ana kawiri musanagule chilichonse kumawoneka bwanji pochita? Sikuti ndi nkhani ya kulimba mtima, koma ndi nkhani yachidule yomwe ingabwerezedwe pa chinthu chilichonse chisanatchulidwe.
Choyamba ndikuyang'ana khodi yomwe ili pa gwero poyerekeza ndi mtengo wovomerezeka osati motsutsana ndi invoice yamalonda ya chaka chatha. Bungwe la zotumiza katundu ku France lili ndi chida chofufuzira khodi pa douane.gouv.fr ndipo database ya EU ya TARIC imatsimikizira ngati mutuwo uli ndi misonkho yoletsa kutaya kapena njira zokondera. Ma code amasinthidwa chaka chilichonse - kabukhu ka 2026 kanawona magulu angapo akusinthidwa, makamaka pazinthu zatsopano - kotero khodi yomwe inali yolondola mu 2024 si yolondola masiku ano.
Chizolowezi chachiwiri ndikupeza kufotokozera kolembedwa ndi code mogwirizana. ICS2 imafufuza zokha ziwirizi ndipo EU ili ndi mndandanda wofalitsidwa wa "mawu oletsa" - mawu osamveka bwino monga "zigawo", "zitsanzo" kapena "mphatso" - zomwe zimayambitsa kufufuza, ndi mndandanda watsopano womwe ukuyamba kugwira ntchito pa 4 Meyi 2026. "nyali ya pansi ya LED yokhazikika, thupi la aluminiyamu, 9405-series" ikutsatira njira yolondola, pomwe "katundu wowunikira" sachita.
Zolemba Zofanana, Mpaka Pallet
Chizolowezi chachitatu ndi kusasinthasintha kwa zikalata zomwe zasungidwa. Kasitomu wa ku France amafuna kuti invoice yamalonda, mndandanda wa zonyamula katundu ndi bilu ya katundu zikhale zofanana pakufotokozera kwa malonda, kulemera, mtengo wa chinthu chilichonse, komwe chinachokera komanso nambala ya HS ya manambala asanu ndi atatu. Kulephera kofala kwambiri pa katundu wamkulu si chinyengo. Ndi kusintha kwa mphindi yomaliza kwa wopanga, pallet yosinthidwa kukula kapena chipangizo chokonzedwa, chomwe chimasintha chikalata chimodzi koma osati china. Zolemba sizikugwirizana, ndipo njira yogwiritsira ntchito imasonyeza chizindikiro chofiira.
Ntchito imeneyi siingakambirane, makamaka pa katundu wamkulu ndi wolemera. Chinthu chimodzi chotalika mamita ambiri komanso cholemera matani sichingapakedwenso mwachangu pamalire kuti akonze kusiyana. Kugawa magulu, miyeso, ndi mtengo wake ziyenera kukhala zolondola pamene zinthuzo zikuchoka pansi pa wopanga, chifukwa kuzisintha pambuyo pake kumatanthauza kuchotsa chipangizocho m'chidebe chomwe chili padoko lakunja.
Kumene Katswiri Wotumiza Zinthu Akusintha Masamu
Apa ndi pamene chisankho cha mnzawo wa logistics chikhala chochepa kuposa chiwongola dzanja chonyamula katundu koma chimakhala chofanana ndi mphamvu yotsatirira malamulo. Ngati wotumiza katundu akukuuzani kuti vuto lanu ndi HS code, mumadziwa kuti EU yaika codeyo molakwika. Ngati wotumiza katunduyo ali ndi gulu, ENS file ndi chilolezo, mbiri yanu ya chiopsezo imasintha kwathunthu.
Topway Shipping ndi kampani yopereka mayankho azinthu zamalonda apa intaneti, yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku Shenzhen, kuyambira mu 2010. Pokhala ndi zaka zoposa 15 zokumana nazo pantchito yokonza zinthu padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuchotsa zinthu zakunja, oyambitsa ake akudziwa kuti luso lapamwamba ndi lomwe lamulo la 2026 limapatsa mphoto - chifukwa kugawa bwino, deta yokonzeka ya ICS2 ndi zikalata zoyera tsopano ndizo kusiyana pakati pa chidebe chomwe chimayenda ndi chomwe chili pansi.
Ntchito za Topway zikuphatikizapo unyolo wonse wazinthu, osati gawo limodzi lokha: kutumiza katundu kuchokera ku China, kupita kumayiko ena kuwuza, chilolezo cha msonkho ndi kutumiza katundu mtunda waufupi kupita komwe mukupita. Makamaka mu France lane, umwini umenewo ndi wofunika, chifukwa khodi ya HS yomwe mumalowetsa panthawi yosungitsa ndi nambala yomweyi yomwe imadutsa mu fayilo ya ENS, chilengezo cha kutumiza katundu, ndi kutumiza komaliza - palibe nthawi yoperekera katundu pomwe nambala ikusowa kapena kufotokozera kumapangidwa.
Kampaniyo imaperekanso katundu wosinthika wa m'nyanja wokhala ndi chidebe chokwanira (FCL) ndi wocheperapo kuposa chidebe (LCL) kuchokera ku China kupita ku madoko ofunikira padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti wogulitsa amene akukula kuchokera ku ma pallet angapo kupita ku zidebe zokwanira safunika kulembanso mfundo zake nthawi iliyonse pamene kuchuluka kwa katundu kukusintha. Kaya katunduyo akuyenda ngati phukusi la LCL lophatikizidwa motsatira miyezo yatsopano yaing'ono ya ma parcel, kapena ngati FCL yotsekedwa ya mayunitsi akuluakulu, njira yomweyo yodziwika bwino ya code-first imagwiranso ntchito. Ndi kusasinthasintha komwe kumatenga katundu wolamulira ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chizolowezi.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, m'chaka chomwe ma algorithms a kasitomu ku France amafufuza code yanu ya HS munthu asanaone katundu wanu, mtengo wa mnzanu amene wapeza mundawo moyenera nthawi yoyamba umayesedwa m'masiku omwe wasunga, zomwe wasunga, komanso zomwe walipira bwino - osati kupitirira.
Kutsiliza
Mu 2026, mfundo yakuti akatswiri otumiza katundu amatsimikiza mosamala ma code a HS asanasungitse malo si yamatsenga - ndi masamu ndi nthawi. ICS2 yasintha cheke cha kasitomu kukhala chisanayikidwe. Ku France, msonkho wa ma phukusi ang'onoang'ono unayika codeyi pa radar ya makasitomala ngati chinthu chololedwa. Kuchotsedwa kwa €150 kukuchotsedwa, motero ngakhale kutumiza pang'ono tsopano kwalembedwa m'magulu ndi kulipidwa. Ndipo kuwunika kodziyimira pawokha kumatanthauza kuti palibe kusiyana pakati pa code ndi kufotokozera komwe kumawonedwa ndi mapulogalamu omwe sapereka chifukwa chokayikira.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti njira yomweyi yomwe imakutetezani imakupindulitsaninso. Khodi ya manambala asanu ndi atatu yomwe ndi yolondola komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pamapepala ofanana imasunga katundu kuti asunthidwe, imasunga ndalama zoyendera, komanso imasunga msonkho woyenera, osati wokwera kwambiri. Otumiza omwe akumvetsa izi - kapena omwe amagwirizana ndi kampani yotumiza katundu monga Topway Shipping, yomwe yapanga ukatswiri wake wochotsa katundu kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu pamisewu ngati iyi - ndi omwe makontena awo amafika pakhomo la France nthawi yake, pomwe opikisana nawo akuyang'aniridwa. Chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungachite panjira yanu ya China-France chaka chino ndikupeza khodiyo musanayike. Sizitengera chidwi chokha.
Ibibazo
Q: Kodi khodi ya HS ya manambala asanu ndi limodzi ndi yokwanira kutumiza ku France mu 2026?
A: Kulembetsa kwa ICS2 ENS kumafuna manambala osachepera asanu ndi limodzi. Komabe, France imafuna khodi ya Mayina Ophatikizana okhala ndi manambala asanu ndi atatu pa ma invoice amalonda kuti avomerezedwe ndipo chizindikiritso chonse cha TARIC ndi manambala khumi. Yesetsani osachepera asanu ndi atatu.
Q: Kodi msonkho wa ma parcel ang'onoang'ono a ku France wa €2 ndi wotani ndipo ndani amalipira?
A: Kuyambira pa 1 Marichi 2026, France idzalipiritsa €2 pa HS code iliyonse yapadera pa ma phukusi olowera omwe ali ndi mtengo wosakwana €150 ochokera kunja kwa EU. Izi ndi zowonjezera pa 20% ya VAT yolowera kunja ndi msonkho uliwonse. Ogulitsa omwe adalembetsa ku IOSS ayenera kusonkhanitsa ndi kutumiza.
Q: Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi katundu wanga wotsika mtengo pambuyo pa 1 Julayi 2026?
A: Ndalama zolipirira msonkho za €150 zachotsedwa. Pa ma phukusi a e-commerce omwe amagulitsidwa kudzera mu IOSS ndi pansi pa €150, ndalama zokhazikika za pafupifupi €3 pa chinthu chilichonse zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi mpaka EU Customs Data Hub itayamba kugwira ntchito. Pambuyo pake, ma phukusi onse, mosasamala kanthu za mtengo wake, adzalipira mitengo yonse ya msonkho kutengera ma HS code.
Q: Nchifukwa chiyani kufotokoza kolakwika kumayambitsa kuletsa ngakhale code ikuwoneka yolondola?
A: Mu ICS2, makina odziyimira pawokha amatchula HS code ndi mafotokozedwe olembedwa a zinthuzo ndipo amasonyeza kusiyana. Mawu osamveka bwino pamndandanda wa "stop word" wa EU - monga zigawo, zitsanzo kapena mphatso - amawonedwa pansi pa maikulosikopu. Khodi ndi mafotokozedwe ake ziyenera kufanana.
Q: Kodi Topway Shipping imathandiza bwanji ndi HS-code ndi chiopsezo cha clearance?
A: Topway ndiye mwini wa unyolo wonse kuyambira pa mayendedwe oyamba mpaka malo osungiramo katundu akunja, kuchotsera msonkho wa msonkho ndi kutumiza katundu womaliza. Ndi zaka zoposa 15 za chidziwitso cha kuchotsera msonkho, ma code omwe amalowetsedwa pakusungitsa katundu amadutsa bwino mu fayilo ya ENS ndi kulengeza kutumiza katundu popanda kusiyana kwa nthawi yoperekedwa. Zosankha za FCL ndi LCL zimakula ndi kuchuluka kwanu.
