DDP ku US: Zomwe "Ntchito Yolipidwa" Imaphimba Mu 2026 (Ndipo Zomwe Sizikuphimba)
Introduction
Ngati mudatumizapo phukusi kuchokera kunja kenako n’kulandira bilu ya kasitomu mwadzidzidzi itafika pakhomo panu, ndiye kuti mukudziwa chifukwa chake Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) yakhala Incoterm yokongola kwambiri kwa ogula ndi ogulitsa malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Lonjezo ndi losavuta: wogulitsa amasamalira chilichonse ndipo wogula amangolandira zinthuzo. Ndalama zolipirira. Palibe ndalama zobisika. Palibe vuto la kasitomu. Yosavuta komanso yoyera.
Koma nayi vuto: Lonjezo losavuta limenelo likuvuta kwambiri kulitsatira mu 2026, chifukwa cha vuto la malonda ku US kuposa momwe lakhalira m'zaka makumi ambiri. Misonkho ya Gawo 301 pa katundu waku China ikugwira ntchito bwino, kuchotsedwa kwa de minimis kwa katundu wochepera $800 kunachotsedwa mu Ogasiti 2025, ndipo kafukufuku watsopano wa Gawo 301 womwe unayambitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa 2026 akusintha kale ndalama zomwe zimafunika kutumizidwa ku United States. "Misonkho yolipidwa" ikuwoneka chimodzimodzi papepala monga momwe idakhalira zaka zisanu zapitazo. Zomwe zimaphimba zitha kukhala paliponse kutengera amene akukutchulani komanso momwe adawerengera bwino ma code a HTS.
Nkhaniyi ikunena mfundo yaikulu. Tikulongosola zomwe DDP ikuphatikizapo ndi zomwe sizikuphatikizapo mu 2026 komanso komwe kuli mavuto, zomwe ogulitsa ndi opereka chithandizo cha katundu ayenera kuganizira mu mtengo weniweni wa DDP, komanso momwe ogwira ntchito zonyamula katundu odziwa bwino ntchito monga Topway Shipping amakhazikitsira ntchito ya DDP ya katundu wamkulu komanso wolemera woyenda kuchokera ku China kupita ku US. Kaya ndinu wogulitsa pa intaneti, wogulitsa kunja kwa B2B kapena wogula katundu, nayi malangizo omwe mukufuna musanasayine pangano la DDP.
Kodi DDP Imatanthauza Chiyani Pansi pa Incoterms 2020?
Delivered Duty Paid ndi imodzi mwa ma Incoterms 11 omwe adasindikizidwa ndi International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) omwe adasinthidwa komaliza mu kope la 2020. Wogulitsayo ndiye amene ali ndi udindo waukulu kwambiri ndi DDP. Wogulitsayo ayenera kutumiza zinthuzo kumalo omwe atchulidwa m'dziko la wogula. Ndi amene ali ndi udindo wolipira ndalama zonse zolowera kunja komanso zochotsera katundu. Imatenganso zoopsa zonse mpaka pamenepo.
Ndi Incoterm yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri ogulitsa. Taganizirani izi ngati kusiyana pakati pa EXW (Ex Work) komwe wogula amakhala ndi udindo pa chilichonse katundu akangochoka pamalo a wogulitsa, kapena DAP (Delivered at Place) komwe wogulitsa amatumiza katunduyo kupita komwe akupita koma wogula ayenera kuchotsa katunduyo kudzera mu msonkho wa msonkho ndi msonkho. DDP ili kumbali ina ya spectrum, wogulitsa amalamulira ndikulipira ulendo wonse.
Chinthu chimodzi chachikulu chomwe chimadabwitsa anthu ambiri: motsatira Incoterms 2020, DDP siimakakamiza wogulitsa kutaya katunduyo pamalo ake. Udindo wa wogulitsa umatha ndi kupereka katunduyo pamalo omwe atchulidwa, osati atangotuluka m'galimoto, pokhapokha ngati maguluwo agwirizana momveka bwino kuti kutsitsa katunduyo kuphatikizidwa mu mgwirizano. Uku ndi kusiyana kochepa koma kofunikira pamalonda, makamaka pa katundu wolemera kapena katundu wochulukirapo, kaya kutumiza katunduyo kumaphatikizapo ntchito zonyamula katundu, kutumiza katundu wocheperako kapena ntchito yosankha.
Mtengo Wonse: Kodi Mtengo Wovomerezeka wa DDP Uyenera Kuphimbidwa Bwanji?
Mtengo wa DDP wopangidwa bwino si nambala imodzi yokha yotumizira ku US mu 2026. Ndi mulu wa zinthu zogulira ndipo gawo lililonse liyenera kuwerengedwa bwino. Wopereka chithandizo cha mayendedwe kapena wogulitsa akapereka DDP koma osafotokoza momveka bwino zomwe zili mkati mwake, chiopsezo cha kutsika kwa mitengo chimakhala chachikulu ndipo mtengo wa cholakwikacho umagwera penapake: kwa wogulitsa akudya zotayika kapena kasitomala akukumana ndi ndalama zosayembekezereka.
Nayi njira yonse yogulira zinthu, monga momwe ziyenera kuonekera mu mtengo uliwonse woona wa DDP wa katundu wochokera ku China kupita ku United States:
| Mtengo wagawo | Ndani Amalipira Pansi pa DDP | Mtengo Wamba / Zolemba (2026) |
| Kutenga koyambira/kusamalira nyumba yosungiramo katundu | wogulitsa | Zimasiyana malinga ndi malo ndi kukula kwa katundu |
| Chilolezo cha Export Customs (China) | wogulitsa | Mtengo wonyamula katundu |
| Katundu wapadziko lonse lapansi (panyanja / mpweya / sitima) | wogulitsa | Mtengo wamsika; nyanja ~ masiku 45-50, mpweya ~ masiku 12-15 |
| Kusamalira doko lopita (US) | wogulitsa | THC, ndalama zolipirira doko, zolipiritsa zomaliza |
| Malipiro Opangira Zinthu (MPF) | wogulitsa | 0.3464% ya mtengo wa katundu; osachepera $32.71, pamlingo wapamwamba $634.62 |
| Ndalama Zokonza Padoko (HMF) | wogulitsa | 0.125% ya mtengo wa katundu (kutumizidwa m'nyanja kokha) |
| Misonkho yochokera ku MFN | wogulitsa | Zimasiyana malinga ndi khodi ya HTS; 0%-25%+ |
| Misonkho ya Gawo 301 (katundu wochokera ku China) | wogulitsa | 7.5% mpaka 25%+ kutengera mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zagulitsidwa |
| Gawo 122 la ndalama zowonjezera padziko lonse lapansi (lomwe likugwira ntchito mu 2026) | wogulitsa | 10% yoyambira, mikwingwirima pamwamba pa pamwambapa |
| Kulemba kwa ISF (Importer Security Filing) | wogulitsa | Zofunikira pa katundu yense wa m'nyanja |
| Customs mgwirizano | wogulitsa | Kulowa kamodzi kapena kopitilira |
| Kutaya madzi / kutumiza mkati mwa dziko ku adilesi yomaliza | wogulitsa | Mtengo umasiyana malinga ndi mtunda ndi njira yolowera |
| Ndalama zolipirira nthawi yokumana / chipata chokwezera / magolovesi oyera | Zosokonekera | Kawirikawiri sizimachotsedwa pokhapokha ngati zanenedwa momveka bwino |
| Kutsitsa komwe mukupita | Zosokonekera | Sizikukhudzidwa ndi malamulo a Incoterms 2020 |
Ndalama zitatu zomwe nthawi zonse zimasokoneza mitengo ya DDP ndi Merchandise Processing Fee, Harbor Maintenance Fee ndi ndalama zowonjezera za Section 122 padziko lonse lapansi. Opereka chithandizo cha katundu ambiri omwe amapereka mitengo ya DDP isanafike 2025 sanawerengere mokwanira mtengo wa Section 122 10% mu ziwerengero zawo za mtengo wolowera. Ndi $5,000 yomwe idzakhala ngongole yosayembekezereka kwinakwake mu unyolo woperekera katundu, ndipo ndi ya katundu wa panyanja wa $50,000 wochokera ku China.
Zimene DDP Sizikuphimba: Mipata Yomwe Imakuwonongerani Ndalama
Ndipo chofunikanso ndi kumvetsetsa zomwe sizikuphatikizidwa mu DDP, ndipo apa ndi pomwe chiopsezo chenicheni cha malonda chili kwa ogulitsa ndi ogula zinthu omwe amaona DDP ngati yankho limodzi loyenera onse.
Chosiyana kwambiri ndi kutsitsa katundu pamalo omwe akupita. Monga momwe zasonyezedwera, DDP motsatira Incoterms 2020 siikakamiza wogulitsa kuti achotse katundu pamalo omwe atchulidwa ngati izi sizikugwirizana padera. Pa kutumiza katundu nthawi zonse, izi nthawi zambiri si vuto. Zimapanga kusiyana kwakukulu pa katundu wamkulu, mipando, zida zolimbitsa thupi kapena zida zamafakitale. Ntchito zonyamula katundu, kutumiza katundu m'nyumba, chipinda chosankhidwa ndi kuyika magolovesi oyera ndi nkhani zodziyimira pawokha zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa mu mgwirizano.
Chinthu china chomwe sichimachotsedwa ndi ndalama zosungira ndi kusunga katundu m'madoko opitako. Ngati katundu wafika ndipo wogula sali wokonzeka kulandira katundu, kapena ngati phukusi lachedwa kutumizidwa ku kasitomu kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa momwe amayembekezera chifukwa cha zikalata zosowa kapena kufufuza kwa kasitomu, ndalama zochotsera katundu ndi kusunga katundu zimatha kuwonjezeka mwachangu. Mitengo yokhazikika ya DDP nthawi zambiri siphatikizapo ndalama izi ndipo imatha kuwonjezeredwa pa nthawi yotumiza katundu wamkulu kapena nthawi yotumizira katundu.
Misonkho yoletsa kutaya zinthu (ADD), misonkho yotsutsana ndi zinthu (CVD) nthawi zambiri siiphatikizidwa mu mitengo ya DDP, pomwe kwenikweni ndi ndalama zogulira zinthu zolowera kunja. Ndi za zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zinthu ndipo zitha kukhala zofunika kwambiri pazinthu monga zowonjezera aluminiyamu, mapanelo a dzuwa, zinthu zachitsulo, mabedi, makabati amatabwa ndi magulu ena komwe US ili ndi maoda ogwirira ntchito okonza zinthu. Kampani yogulitsa katundu yomwe imalipiritsa DDP popanda kutsimikizira kuti ili ndi ADD/CVD ikusiya ndalama zambiri zitaululidwa.
Komanso, ndalama zomwe US Customs and Border Protection imagwiritsa ntchito pofufuza, kusunga kapena kusunga katundu nthawi zambiri sizimaphatikizidwa m'mapangano a DDP wamba. Ngati CBP yasankha kutumiza katundu kuti akafufuzidwe kwambiri, ndalama zochotsera katundu, kuyang'ana ndi kuyikanso katunduyo zimakhala udindo wa aliyense amene ali ndi udindo wochotsa katunduyo; pansi pa DDP ndi wogulitsa kapena wopereka chithandizo cha mayendedwe.
Vuto la Misonkho ya 2026: Chifukwa Chake DDP Ndi Yovuta Kwambiri Kuposa Kale Lonse
Maonekedwe a mitengo ya ku US mu 2026 ndi apadera kwambiri chifukwa cha zovuta zake. Masiku ano, pamene ogulitsa zinthu ochokera kunja ndi ogulitsa zinthu akugula mitengo ya DDP, akuchita izi poyang'anizana ndi dongosolo la mitengo yodzaza lomwe silinachitikepo kale m'mbiri yaposachedwa ya ndondomeko zamalonda ku US. Aliyense amene amaika mitengo kapena kuvomereza mawu a DDP ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe magawo awa amagwirira ntchito limodzi.
Misonkho ya katundu wochokera ku China motsatira Gawo 301 yakhalapo kuyambira 2018 ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, ikhalapobe. Misonkho yochokera ku IEEPA yomwe Khoti Lalikulu la US linagamula kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2026 inali yochokera ku ulamuliro wofooka mwalamulo, koma ntchito za Gawo 301 zimachokera ku ulamuliro wokhazikika mwalamulo. Kuphimba kungakulitsidwenso chifukwa chakuti Bungwe la Federal Circuit linavomereza Mndandanda 3 ndi 4A mu Seputembala 2025 ndipo kafukufuku watsopano wa Gawo 301 unayambitsidwa mu Marichi 2026. Mtengo wa msonkho wa Gawo 301 pa mipando, zinthu zapakhomo, zida zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zamagetsi kuchokera ku China nthawi zambiri umakhala 7.5% mpaka 25% kuposa mtengo wa msonkho wa MFN.
Gawo 122 padziko lonse lapansi la msonkho wa 10% ngati njira yoyezera pambuyo pa chigamulo cha Khothi Lalikulu likuyika gawo lina pamwamba pa MFN ndi Gawo 301. Mtengo uwu tsopano uyenera kutha ntchito m'masiku 150, koma milandu yotsatira ya Gawo 301 motsutsana ndi China ndi mabwenzi ena akuluakulu amalonda yayamba kale. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti aliyense amene akupanga mitengo ya DDP pazinthu zochokera ku China pakati pa chaka cha 2026 akugwira ntchito munthawi ya msonkho yomwe ikupitirirabe kusintha.
| Gawo la Misonkho | mlingo | Ikugwira Ntchito Kwa | Mkhalidwe kuyambira mu June 2026 |
| Ntchito ya MFN yoyambira | Zimasiyana (0-25%+) | Zonse zomwe zatumizidwa ndi HTS code | Permanent |
| Gawo 301 (Mndandanda 1) | 25% | Industrial makina, zamagetsi | Yogwira ntchito, palibe nthawi yotha ntchito |
| Gawo 301 (Mndandanda 2) | 25% | Ma semiconductor, mankhwala | Yogwira ntchito, palibe nthawi yotha ntchito |
| Gawo 301 (Mndandanda 3) | 25% | Mipando, zida zamagalimoto, zipangizo zomangira | Yogwira ntchito, yatsimikiziridwa Seputembala 2025 |
| Gawo 301 (Mndandanda 4A) | 7.5% | Katundu wa ogula, zovala | Yogwira ntchito, yatsimikiziridwa Seputembala 2025 |
| Gawo 122 la msonkho wapadziko lonse lapansi | 10% | Kuphimba kwakukulu, milu pamwamba | Yogwira ntchito; imatha ~Julayi 2026 |
| Gawo 301 (kafukufuku watsopano wa 2026) | TBD (12.5% ikuperekedwa) | China ndi mayiko ena | Podikira, ikhoza kulowa m'malo mwa Gawo 122 |
| mpf | 0.3464% | Zinthu zambiri zogulitsa kunja | Permanent |
| HMF | 0.125% | Kutumiza katundu m'nyanja kupita ku madoko aku US | Permanent |
Mwachitsanzo, tiyerekeze kuti mukutumiza mipando yakunja (HTS 9401.61) kuchokera ku China. Ndalama zoyambira zitha kukhala 0%. Onjezani gawo 301 Mndandanda 3 pa 25 peresenti Onjezani Gawo 122 - 10%. Mtengo woyenera wa katundu ndi pafupifupi 35% ya mtengo wa katunduyo musanagule MPF ndi HMF. Mtengo wa DDP womwe umangoganizira za mtengo woyambira udzachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 35 peresenti. Kumeneko ndi kutayika kwa $35,000 pa katundu wotumizidwa ndi $100,000.
DDP vs DAP: Kusankha Incoterm Yoyenera pa Mkhalidwe Wanu
"Sikuti malonda onse ayenera kukhala a DDP ndipo nthawi zina, malamulo okhudza mitengo ya katundu (tariffs) a 2026 alimbikitsa DAP (Delivered at Place)." Pansi pa DAP, wogulitsa amatumiza katunduyo kumalo omwe atchulidwa koma wogula ayenera kulipira katunduyo kudzera mu misonkho yochokera kunja ndikulipira ndalama zilizonse zolowera kunja. Wogula amalamulira njira yoyendetsera misonkho ndipo akhoza kutsatira kuchotsera msonkho ndikugwiritsira ntchito ubale wawo ndi broker wogwirizana ndi ma bond ndikuchepetsa bwino kukhudzidwa kwa ADD/CVD.
Pa bizinesi ya pa intaneti ya B2C, DDP ikulamulirabe. Ogula safuna kuchita zinthu zokhudzana ndi misonkho. Kugula katundu kenako n’kupeza bilu ya misonkho ndi chinthu choipa ndipo chimapewedwa ndi DDP yoyenera. Wogulitsayo amachotsa mavuto m’manja mwa wogula.
Pa mapangano a B2B okhudza kutumiza katundu kwakukulu komanso kwamtengo wapatali, DAP ndiyofunika kuganizira. Ogulitsa katundu aluso kwambiri omwe ali ndi ubale ndi ogulitsa katundu wa msonkho angakonde kuchita njira yawoyawo yotumizira katundu, makamaka ngati ali ndi ma bond a msonkho omwe akupitilira, otumiza katundu wodziwika bwino, komanso kuwonekera kwa mapulogalamu ochotsera msonkho pamagulu awoawo azinthu. Nthawi zambiri, DDP imatha kuwonjezera kusamvana poika munthu wina munjira yomwe wogula amachita kale bwino.
| Zochitika | DDP Yokondedwa | DAP Yokondedwa |
| Mtundu wa wogula | Ogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kwa B2C | Ogulitsa zinthu zakunja a B2B apamwamba |
| Kuvuta kwa mitengo | Wogulitsa akhoza kutsanzira molondola zigawo zonse | Wogula amakonda kuwongolera kulipira msonkho |
| Kuwonetsedwa kwa ADD/CVD | Wogulitsa ali ndi ukadaulo wokhudza zinthu zinazake | Wogula ali ndi kasamalidwe ka ntchito kale |
| Kukula kwa katundu | Katundu kakang'ono mpaka kakang'ono | Mabuku akuluakulu amalonda |
| Customs mgwirizano | Wogulitsa amapereka / zinthu zomwe zimaganizira mtengo | Wogula ali ndi bond yopitilira |
| Mtengo wowonekera | Wogula akufuna mtengo wonse | Wogula amakonda kuwongolera mtengo m'magulu osiyanasiyana |
Katundu Wokulirapo ndi DDP: Kuvuta Kumachuluka
Chilichonse chokhudza DDP chimakhala chovuta kwambiri katundu akakula kwambiri. Topway Shipping imatanthauzira katundu wolemera kwambiri ngati katundu wolemera mpaka matani 8 okhala ndi kukula kwake mpaka mamita 8 ndipo kutalika kwake sikupitirira mamita 2.57. Izi ndi masofa, makina opukutira matayala, mafiriji, makina ochapira, mipando yoti muzimutsuka, zida zamafakitale, ndi zinthu zina zofanana zomwe sizingadutse m'maukonde okhazikika a ma phukusi.
Pa gulu ili la katundu, kutumiza katundu wa mtunda womaliza si chinthu chophweka chongosiya. Zimafunika nthawi yokumana, magalimoto apadera okhala ndi zitseko zonyamulira katundu, ndipo nthawi zambiri kutumiza katundu mkati kapena malo ogona. Mu msika wa ku US, komwe kutumiza katundu wolemera m'nyumba kumayendetsedwa ndi mfundo zokhudzana ndi katundu ndi njira zolipirira katundu, DDP ya katundu wolemera kwambiri imafuna kampani yopereka katundu yokhala ndi zomangamanga zenizeni zogwirira ntchito komwe ikupita, osati ubale wokha ndi kampani yotumiza katundu wakomweko.
Kukula kwa kasitomu n'kofunika kwambiri. Katundu wamkulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mtengo wapamwamba wolengezedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndalama za MPF ndi HMF zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri. Amakhalanso ndi mwayi wosankhidwa kuti akawunikidwe kasitomu, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha ndalama zolipirira mayeso ndi kuchedwa. Ndipo m'magulu ambiri azinthu zazikulu monga mipando, zida zolimbitsa thupi, ndi kunyumba Zipangizo zamagetsi, mitengo ya Gawo 301 imagwira ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gawo la msonkho wa DDP quote ya katundu wamkulu kwambiri likhoza kuyimira mosavuta 30% mpaka 40% ya mtengo wa katundu pamene zigawo zonse zayikidwa m'magulu.
Wopereka chithandizo aliyense wopereka DDP pa katundu wamkulu ku US popanda netiweki yodzipereka yomaliza, akudziika pachiwopsezo chomwe sangakhale nacho kuti achiyang'anire. Apa ndi pomwe ogwira ntchito apadera amakhala ofunikira.
Momwe Mapangidwe a Kutumiza kwa Topway Amagwirira Ntchito DDP ku Msika wa US
Topway Shipping yakhala ikugwira ntchito yotumiza katundu m'malire kuyambira mu 2010, ndi gulu loyambitsa lomwe lili ndi zaka zoposa 15 zokumana nazo pantchito yotumiza katundu padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuchotsa katundu wakunja. Likulu la kampaniyo lili ku Shenzhen ndipo limayang'ana kwambiri katundu wolemera komanso waukulu wochokera ku China kupita ku US ndi China kupita ku Europe. Kupita patsogolo kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pamalonda: pamsika womwe opereka chithandizo cha katundu ambiri amapereka DDP ngati njira yochepetsera katundu, Topway yamanga zomangamanga zake makamaka pa vuto la katundu wolemera kwambiri.
Chitsanzo chogwirira ntchito chimakhudza unyolo wonse wa zinthu. Kumbali yoyambira, Topway imagwiritsa ntchito malo osungiramo katundu ku Shenzhen okhala ndi malo okwana masikweya mita 5,000, zomwe zimathandiza kuphatikiza, kulongedzanso, kulemba zilembo, ndi kudzaza zinthu zonse ziwiri za FCL ndi LCL. Kampaniyo imapereka zonse ziwiri. katundu wapanyanja ndi katundu wonyamulira kupita ku US, ndi nthawi yoyendera panyanja ya masiku 45 mpaka 50 ndipo maulendo apaulendo amayenda panyanja pa masiku 12 mpaka 15 kutengera njira. Sitima yapamtunda ya China-Europe imapezekanso kumayiko aku Europe, ndi nthawi yoyendera ya masiku 30 mpaka 45.
Gulu la kasitomu limayang'anira kufalitsa ISF, kukonzekera kulowa, kuwunikanso magulu a HTS, kulipira msonkho kuphatikiza magawo a Gawo 301, ndi mayankho oyesa ngati gawo la ntchito ya DDP. Dongosolo loyang'anira zinthu la Topway limapereka kuwonekera kwa kutumiza kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto kuchokera pakunyamula katundu woyambira kudzera mu chitsimikizo chomaliza cha kutumiza, chomwe ndi chosiyanitsa chofunikira pakuyang'anira katundu wamkulu kwambiri pomwe kulumikizana kwa nthawi yotumizira ndikofunikira.
Potumiza katundu ku US, Topway imagwira ntchito ndi netiweki yodzipereka yonyamula katundu ndi katundu yomwe imatha kusamalira zinthu zazikulu kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yokumana, kutumiza katundu m'zipata zonyamulira katundu, komanso njira zotumizira katundu mkati. Kampaniyo yakonza katundu woposa 200,000 payekhapayekha ndipo imasunga kuchuluka kwa ntchito yotumiza katundu m'njira ya DDP komwe 91% ya katunduyo amatumizidwa mkati mwa masiku 45 mpaka 55 kuchokera pamene katunduyo adatengedwa, kutengera deta yakale kuchokera m'mabuku a kampani.
Utumikiwu umathandizira mitundu yonse ya kutumiza ya B2B ndi B2C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kubwezeretsanso Amazon FBA, ogulitsa m'masitolo odziyimira pawokha, komanso ogula mwachindunji. Kwa ogulitsa omwe akuyendetsa ntchito ku Europe nthawi imodzi, zomangamanga zomwezo zimaphimba mayiko 25 a EU ndi kutumiza kwa DDP kawiri, komwe kumalola kasamalidwe ka akaunti kogwirizana m'misika yonse ya US ndi Europe.
Momwe Mungayang'anire Mtengo wa DDP Musanavomereze
Popeza zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, funso lothandiza kwa wogula kapena wogulitsa aliyense amene akuyang'ana mawu a DDP ndi momwe angatsimikizire kuti mtengo watha. Pali njira yosavuta yowunikira yomwe imatenga ola limodzi ndipo ingapewe zodabwitsa zazikulu zamtengo.
Yambani ndi khodi ya HTS. Chinthu chilichonse cholowa ku US chiyenera kugawidwa pansi pa khodi ya HTS ya manambala 10. Wopereka wanu kapena broker wawo wa kasitomu ayenera kupereka izi. Ndi khodi ya HTS, mutha kuyang'ana mtengo woyambira wa msonkho wa MFN, mndandanda woyenera wa Gawo 301 ndi mtengo, komanso ngati pali maoda aliwonse a ADD/CVD omwe akugwira ntchito pa chinthucho. USITC dataweb ndi CBP ACE portal ndi magwero ovomerezeka, ndipo palinso zida zofufuzira mitengo yamalonda zomwe zimasonkhanitsa zigawo zonse mu mawonekedwe amodzi.
Kenako, funsani wopereka chithandizo cha zinthu kuti alembe momveka bwino magawo a msonkho ndi chindapusa cha mtengo wa DDP. Kusanthula komwe kukuwonetsa msonkho woyambira, chiŵerengero cha Gawo 301, chiŵerengero cha Gawo 122, MPF, ndi HMF padera kudzawonetsa nthawi yomweyo ngati ndalamazo zayesedwadi kapena kuyerekezeredwa mosasamala. Ngati wopereka chithandizo sangathe kapena sangapereke kusanthula kumeneku, chitani zimenezo ngati chizindikiro chofiira.
Tsimikizirani zomwe zingachitike ngati mtengo wa katundu wasintha pakati pa kuvomereza mtengo wa katundu ndi kufika kwa katundu. Mu 2026, popeza Gawo 122 likukonzekera kusinthidwa ndi mitengo yatsopano ya Gawo 301 katundu asanafike, zigawo zosintha mitengo mu mgwirizano wa DDP ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse. Dziwani momveka bwino za omwe amalandira kusintha kwa mitengo ya katundu panthawi yoyendera.
Pomaliza, tsimikizirani kuchuluka kwa katundu wotumizidwa mtunda womaliza. Pa katundu wamkulu kwambiri, onetsetsani ngati mtengo wa DDP womwe watchulidwawo ukuphatikizapo liftgate, nthawi yokumana, kutumiza mkati, kapena ndalama zina zowonjezera. Kufunsa mafunso awa musanalandire mtengo sikuwononga ndalama. Kupeza zinthu zomwe sizikuperekedwa katunduyo akatha kulipira msonkho kumawononga ndalama zambiri.
Kutsiliza
DDP ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri pabizinesi ngati chachitika bwino. Wogula amasangalala ndi ndalama zosavuta komanso zodziwikiratu. Wogulitsa amapeza chidaliro ndipo amatha kupeza mtengo wapamwamba pa ntchitoyi. Koma pofika chaka cha 2026, pomwe malamulo a US akuphatikiza Gawo 301, Gawo 122, MPF, HMF komanso kuthekera kokumana ndi ADD/CVD nthawi imodzi, "kulipira msonkho" kumangokhala ngati ntchito yophunzirira yomwe ili kumbuyo kwake.
Kulemba zinthu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Mtengo wa DDP womwe suli ndi misonkho yonse ndi zolipirira si mtengo wa DDP konse, ndi chiyerekezo chosadziwika chomwe chingakhale ndi chiopsezo. Kuganizira za kuvutika kwa zinthu zomaliza, nthawi yokumana ndi anthu komanso udindo wonyamula katundu wambiri, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa ntchito ya DDP yokonzedwa bwino ndi yomwe sinalipidwe bwino kumakhala kofunika kwambiri pazachuma.
Kwa ogulitsa ndi otumiza katundu wamkulu kwambiri kuchokera ku China kupita ku US, kulankhulana ndi ogulitsa katundu omwe apanga ntchito zawo motsatira njira yotumizira katundu ndiyo njira yosavuta yokwaniritsira lonjezo la DDP. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa DDP yomwe imagwira ntchito ndi DDP yomwe imabweretsa mikangano ndi kuphatikiza kwa chidziwitso chambiri cha mitengo, zomangamanga zodzipereka zosungiramo katundu, ndi netiweki yeniyeni yomaliza.
Zenera la de minimis latsekedwa, mitengo ya zinthu ndi yeniyeni, ndipo malonda a 2026 sadzakhululukira malingaliro osasamala. Chitani ndi DDP ndi kuopsa komwe ikupempha tsopano.
Ibibazo
Q: Kodi DDP nthawi zonse imaphatikizapo mitengo yonse ya zinthu zolowera ku US, kuphatikiza Gawo 301?
A: Inde, m'malingaliro. DDP - Delivered Duty Payed, kutanthauza kuti wogulitsa kapena wopereka chithandizo cha mayendedwe amalipira ndalama zonse zolowera kunja, kuphatikiza misonkho ya Gawo 301. Komabe, si mitengo yonse ya DDP yomwe imawonetsa bwino mtengo wonse wa katundu. Ogula nthawi zonse ayenera kupeza kusanthula kosiyana kwa msonkho wa MFN, mtengo wofunikira wa Gawo 301, ndi ndalama zina zowonjezera zomwe zilipo asanavomereze zomwe akuyenera.
Q: Kodi chinachitika n’chiyani ndi kuchotsedwa kwa $800 de minimis kwa zinthu zochokera kunja ku US?
A: Chiwongola dzanja cha de minimis cha katundu wochepera $800 kuti alowe mu US osalipira msonkho chinachotsedwa, kuyambira pa Ogasiti 29, 2025. Tsopano kutumiza konse ku US kukuyenera kulipira ndalama zolowera kunja mosasamala kanthu za mtengo wake, zomwe zikuwonjezera kwambiri mtengo wa ma phukusi ang'onoang'ono a e-commerce komanso kupangitsa mitengo ya DDP kukhala yovuta.
Q: Kodi kutsitsa katundu pa adilesi yotumizira katundu kukuphatikizidwa mu DDP motsatira Incoterms 2020?
A: Chiwongola dzanja cha de minimis cha katundu wochepera $800 kuti alowe mu US osalipira msonkho chinachotsedwa, kuyambira pa Ogasiti 29, 2025. Tsopano kutumiza konse ku US kukuyenera kulipira ndalama zolowera kunja mosasamala kanthu za mtengo wake, zomwe zikuwonjezera kwambiri mtengo wa ma phukusi ang'onoang'ono a e-commerce komanso kupangitsa mitengo ya DDP kukhala yovuta.
Q: Kodi ndiyenera kuthana bwanji ndi kusintha kwa mitengo ya katundu komwe kumachitika panthawi yoyendera pansi pa mgwirizano wa DDP?
A: Ili ndi vuto lalikulu mu 2026 ndi kusintha kwa mitengo ya Gawo 122 ndi Gawo 301. Mapangano a DDP ayeneranso kukhala ndi gawo losintha mitengo ya msonkho lomwe limafotokoza za yemwe adzalipira kukwera kulikonse kwa mitengo komwe kumachitika pakati pa tsiku la mtengo ndi tsiku lolowera mwamakonda. Popanda gawo lotere, chiopsezochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala kwa wogulitsa, ndichifukwa chake opereka DDP odziwa bwino ntchito amaika malire a buffer mumitengo yawo kapena kuphatikiza nthawi zowunikira kusintha kwa mitengo mu mapangano awo.
Q: Ndi mitundu yanji ya katundu wolemera kwambiri yomwe Topway Shipping imagwirira ntchito ku DDP ku US?
A: Kutumiza ku Topway kumapereka katundu wambiri m'magulu angapo: Mipando yapakhomo Zipangizo zolimbitsa thupi (ma treadmill, mipando yotikita minofu) Zipangizo zapakhomo (mafiriji, makina ochapira) Zipangizo zamafakitale ndi zamakanika. Zinthu zomwe zasankhidwa kwambiri zimaphatikizapo magawo osiyanasiyana mpaka matani 8 olemera komanso mpaka mamita 8 mbali yayitali kwambiri. Ntchito ya DDP imaphatikizapo kuchotsera msonkho wa msonkho, kulipira msonkho ndi kutumiza katundu womaliza kwa wogula.
