Chifukwa Chake "Kusonkhanitsidwa ku Vietnam" Sikukwaniranso pa Zinthu Zochokera ku China

 

 

Kwa zaka zambiri zapitazi, kusintha njira yotumizira katundu kudzera ku Vietnam kunaonedwa ndi otumiza katundu ambiri ngati njira yochepetsera chiopsezo cha msonkho wa Gawo 301 pa katundu waku China. Ikani chidebe ku Shenzhen, chitulutseni ku Haiphong, sungani chizindikiro chatsopano, ndikuchisiya kupita ku Los Angeles ngati chinthu "Chopangidwa ku Vietnam". Kwa kanthawi, njira yachidule imeneyo idagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kotero kuti makampani onse ang'onoang'ono adakulira mozungulira - malo ochitira misonkhano yowunikira, malo osungiramo katundu, ndi otumiza katundu omwe mwachinsinsi adadziwa za "zolemba zoyendera."

Nthawi imeneyo ikutha. Bungwe la US Customs and Border Protection lakhala likugwira ntchito kwa miyezi khumi ndi isanu ndi itatu yapitayi pomanga zida zokakamiza anthu kuti azigulitsa katundu wochokera ku Vietnam, ndipo muyezo walamulo wa zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zochokera ku Vietnam zenizeni wakula kwambiri. Chikalata chochokera ku dziko lomwe likanatha kuperekedwa mu 2021 tsopano chingayambitse msonkho wa 40%, kulanda katundu, kapena kutumiza munthu kuti akafufuze zachinyengo. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zomwe zasintha, chifukwa chake "kusonkhana ku Vietnam" sikukwaniritsanso malamulo a US okhudza chiyambi, komanso zomwe makampani otumiza katundu, mafakitale, ndi otumiza katundu ayenera kukhala nazo asananyamuke.

Njira Yachidule Yomwe Inagwira Ntchito Mpaka Isanagwire Ntchito

Mfundo yokhudza kusintha kwa katundu sinali yovuta. Misonkho ya Gawo 301 pa katundu wochokera ku China inali kuyambira 7.5% mpaka 25% kutengera mtundu wa malonda, ndipo pambuyo pake miyezo inakweza mitengo yogwira ntchito pa katundu wina kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, Vietnam inali ndi chithandizo chabwino komanso mbiri yabwino ngati malo opangira zinthu a "China kuphatikiza chimodzi". Ogulitsa kunja aku China ndi anzawo ogulitsa nawo malonda adawona kusiyana kumeneku ndipo, m'malo ambiri, adaganiza zotseka osati posuntha zinthu zenizeni kupita ku Vietnam koma posuntha mapepala kumeneko.

Pansi pa dongosolo la Julayi 2025 pakati pa Washington ndi Hanoi, katundu wamba wochokera ku Vietnam adayikidwa pa mtengo wa pafupifupi 20%, pomwe katundu wopezeka kuti watumizidwa kudzera ku Vietnam kuti apewe misonkho yokhudzana ndi China adapatsidwa chiwongola dzanja chokwera kwambiri - chomwe chidanenedwa kuti chinali pafupifupi 40%, chomwe chidagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kuchepetsa kapena kuchotsera. Chilango chimenecho chidakhazikitsidwa motsatira mutu wa HTS 9903.02.01, ndipo chidapulumuka kusintha kwakukulu kwalamulo mu February 2026, pomwe Khothi Lalikulu la US mu chigamulo cha Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump linasintha ulamuliro walamulo wa misonkho yambiri iyi kuchoka ku International Emergency Economic Powers Act kupita ku Gawo 122 la Trade Act ya 1974. Chilangocho sichinathe ndi kusinthaku; chinangoperekedwanso pansi pa ulamuliro watsopano.

Zotsatira zake n'zakuti ndalama zoyendetsera katundu sizilinso chiopsezo chongoganizira zomwe zabisika mu lipoti la kasitomu. Ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri komanso chothandizidwa ndi ndalama zambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa katundu wochokera kunja kwa dziko la Vietnam kumapangitsa kuti izi zikhale cholinga chodziwikiratu: katundu wochokera ku Vietnam kupita ku United States anafika pafupifupi $86.4 biliyoni mu theka loyamba la chaka cha 2026 chokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a katundu wonse wotumizidwa kunja mdzikolo. Pamene njira yogulitsira ikukula mofulumira chonchi, maboma onse awiriwa ali ndi zifukwa zomveka zofufuzira zomwe zikuchitikadi.

Kodi "Kusintha Kwambiri" Kumatanthauza Chiyani?

Mayeso azamalamulo omwe amasiyanitsa chinthu chenicheni cha ku Vietnam ndi cha ku China chomwe chatchulidwanso amatchedwa kusintha kwakukulu, ndipo afotokozedwa motsatira 19 CFR § 134.1(b). Mwachidule, chinthucho chimayesedwa ngati chochokera ku Vietnam pokhapokha ngati kupanga komwe kumachitika kumeneko kuli kofunikira mokwanira kupatsa chinthucho dzina latsopano, khalidwe latsopano, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kwatsopano poyerekeza ndi zigawo zomwe zidalowetsedwamo. Kusonkhanitsa komaliza kwa zigawo zomwe zimagwira ntchito kale ngati chinthu chathunthu sikuchotsa malire amenewo, mosasamala kanthu kuti ntchito imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji podula zidutswazo pamodzi.

Apa ndi pomwe mapulani ambiri a unyolo wogulira zinthu amasokonekera pang'onopang'ono. Laputopu yomwe mamaboard, chiwonetsero chazithunzi, batire, ndi chassis zonse zimachokera ku China ngati zomangira zazing'ono zomalizidwa, ndipo zimangolumikizidwa ndikuyikidwa m'bokosi ku fakitale ya ku Vietnam, ikadali laputopu yochokera ku China yolipirira msonkho - sitepe yolumikizira sinasinthe mawonekedwe ake ofunikira. Yerekezerani zimenezo ndi nkhani yomwe ma wafer osaphika amapangidwa kukhala semiconductor yogwira ntchito amafa mkati mwa Vietnam; Zigamulo zaposachedwa za CBP pankhani yochokera ku chip zagogomezera kuti kupanga ma front-end, komwe die imakhala yogwira ntchito, ndi komwe kumatsimikiza komwe idachokera, pomwe kulongedza ndi kuyesa kumbuyo sikutero. Mzere wogawa, mwa kuyankhula kwina, si komwe bokosi lomaliza limatsekedwa. Ndi komwe kudziwika kofunikira kwa chinthucho kumapangidwa.

Kumene Mzere Umagwa Kawirikawiri

Kutsimikiza kwa chiyambi kumapangidwa ndi chinthu ndi chinthu, ndipo mfundo yomweyi imafanana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa momwe CBP ndi alangizi amalonda nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsira kupanga koyenerera ndi kusakwanira kwa kupanga m'magulu angapo omwe amatumizidwa nthawi zambiri.

Chigamulo cha mankhwala	Kawirikawiri Sizikwanira (Zimapangidwabe ku China)	Kawirikawiri Amayenerera (Chiyambi cha Vietnam)
Zipangizo zamagetsi / zipangizo za ogula	Kulumikiza pamodzi zomangira zazing'ono za ku China zomwe zamalizidwa (bolodi, chiwonetsero, batire, nyumba)	Kupanga kwa bolodi, kulongedza ma chip, kapena kusonkhanitsa kwathunthu kwa PCB kuchokera kuzinthu zosaphika ku Vietnam
mipando	Kumangirira mapanelo aku China odulidwa kale, omalizidwa kale ndi zomangira ndi mabulaketi	Kudula, kupanga mawonekedwe, kumaliza, ndi kulumikiza matabwa/zipangizo zosaphika kapena zomalizidwa pang'ono ku Vietnam
Zovala / nsalu	Kusoka zidutswa za ku China zomalizidwa kudula mu chovala	Kupanga nsalu (kuluka/kuluka) ndi kudula komwe kumachitika ku Vietnam pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi kapena ulusi
Katundu wachitsulo / zida	Kukonzanso kapena kutsiriza pang'ono kwa zida zopangidwa ndi China	Kupanga, kuponyera, kapena kupangira makina kuchokera ku zinthu zosaphika ku Vietnam

Palibe chitsanzo chilichonse mwa izi chomwe chili lamulo lomveka bwino lalamulo - CBP imawunika mlandu uliwonse malinga ndi mfundo zake, ndipo zigamulo zimatha kuyika tsatanetsatane wofanana ndi dziko lomwe lapereka ntchito ya gawo linalake. Koma chitsanzo chomwe chili pamwambapa chimagwira ntchito mokwanira kotero kuti ndi chothandiza kwambiri musanapereke dongosolo lopezera ndalama.

Momwe CBP Imafufuzira Zonena Izi

Kukhazikitsa malamulo kwadutsa kwambiri kuposa ma audit a desiki. M'miyezi ingapo yapitayi, othandizira a CBP achita kafukufuku wosayembekezereka wa mafakitale ogwirizana ndi China omwe akugwira ntchito ku Vietnam, kuwunika kuchuluka kwa phindu, kuwunikanso ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikuwunikanso zolemba za chuma chanzeru ndi zida zomwe fakitaleyo ikunena kuti ikupanga. Bungweli lakhala likudalira kwambiri njira ya Enforce and Protect Act (EAPA), yomwe imalola kuti ifufuze ndikuchitapo kanthu pa milandu yopewa ntchito, ndipo yanena kuti yapeza ndalama zokwana madola mamiliyoni ambiri zomwe sizinalipidwe zokhudzana ndi zolakwika zomwe zanenedwa poyamba.

Fakitale yomwe idapambana mayeso otsatira malamulo mu 2023 kapena 2024 siikutsimikiziridwa kuti ipambana ndemanga yomweyi lero. Ofufuza akuyang'ana kwambiri machitidwe a ma code a HS m'mbiri yonse ya kampani yotumiza katundu, zomwe zapezeka pakuyendera fakitale, komanso ngati kuchuluka kwa zomwe fakitale ikunena kuti zikugwira ntchito kuli koyenera ngakhale poganizira zida zake ndi antchito ake. Kugwidwa kwakukulu - kuphatikizapo mlandu umodzi wofalitsidwa kwambiri wokhudza mapeyala pafupifupi 50,000 a zinthu zabodza - kwakhala ngati ziwonetsero za anthu onse kuti bungweli likufuna kupitiriza kukakamiza kumeneku m'malo mokuona ngati kampeni yakanthawi.

Palinso vuto linalake lomwe limapangitsa kuti kukakamiza kukhale kovuta kulosera: njira zamalonda zachigawo monga RCEP ndi malo osinthika a malonda aulere a China-ASEAN amalola gawo lofunikira la zomwe zimachokera ku China kuti zipangidwe kukhala chinthu popanda kuzichotsa paudindo wofunikira wachigawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kutumiza kungakhale kovomerezeka kwathunthu motsatira malamulo a RCEP pazamalonda amkati mwa Asia pomwe akulepherabe mayeso okhwima a kusintha kwakukulu kwa US. Otumiza kunja omwe amaganiza kuti kutsimikiza kwa chinthu chimodzi chochokera ku chinthu chimodzi kumakwaniritsa malo onse akugwira ntchito kuchokera pamalingaliro abodza.

Kodi Zimafunika Chiyani Kuti Muchite Izi Molakwika?

Kuwonongeka kwa ndalama kuchokera ku pempho lolephera sikungowonjezera pa mzere wowonjezera wa msonkho pa kulowa kamodzi kokha. Kumawonjezera m'njira zomwe zimakopa olowa ambiri osadziwa, makamaka chifukwa chilango cha 40% cha transshipment pansi pa HTS 9903.02.01 chimagwira ntchito pamwamba pa mtengo wamba wa msonkho ndipo sichipereka njira yochepetsera kapena kuchotsera msonkho ikawunikidwa.

Zotsatira	Zimene Zimaphatikizapo Kawirikawiri	Zotsatira Zachuma Zoyerekeza
Chilango cha kusintha kwa katundu	40% ya msonkho wowonjezera pansi pa HTS 9903.02.01, woyikidwa pa mtengo woyambira	Zingapitirire mtengo wa katunduyo zikaphatikizidwa ndi misonkho yoyambira
Kuwunikanso kobwerezabwereza	CBP imayikanso katundu wotumizidwa kale pamtengo wapamwamba wa Gawo 301 kwa wotumiza/fakitale yemweyo	Zaka zingapo zogwira ntchito m'magawo angapo
Kulanda ndi kulandidwa katundu	Katundu wosungidwa kapena wotengedwa poyembekezera kufufuzidwa	Mtengo wonse wa katundu kuphatikiza malo osungira, kuchepetsa ndalama, ndi ndalama zolipirira milandu
EAPA / kutumiza zachinyengo	Kufufuza kovomerezeka, kutumiza ku Dipatimenti Yachilungamo	Ndalama zodzitetezera ku milandu, kuwonongeka kwa mbiri, kutayika kwa mbiri ya wotumiza kunja

Kupatula ziwerengero za dola, pali mtengo woyenda pang'onopang'ono womwe makampani ambiri sauona ngati wogula: fakitale kapena wogulitsa katundu akangowonekera m'mabuku a CBP ngati nkhani yofufuza komwe kumachokera, katundu aliyense wotumizidwa mtsogolo wogwirizana ndi dzina limenelo amafufuzidwa kwambiri, ngakhale mlandu woyamba utatha. Mbiri imeneyo imatha kukhala nthawi yayitali kuposa kafukufuku weniweni.

Zolemba Zomwe Zili Zolondola

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa makampani omwe amapulumuka kafukufuku woyambira ndi makampani omwe sapulumuka ndi mtundu wa zikalata, makamaka ngati zikalatazo zinalipo katundu asanatumizidwe m'malo mozisonkhanitsa pambuyo pake kuti zitsimikizire zomwe zanenedwa kale. Ofufuza a CBP amaphunzitsidwa kuzindikira mapepala omwe amawoneka ngati adapangidwa mobwerezabwereza - mawonekedwe ofanana m'ma invoice odziyimira pawokha, mbiri yosinthidwa yomwe ikusowa, kapena zolemba zopangira zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi mndandanda weniweni wa zida za fakitale.

Fayilo yotetezedwa nthawi zambiri imafuna chikalata cha zinthu zomwe zikupezeka m'dziko lililonse chomwe chimatsatira komwe zinthu zonse zofunikira zinachokera, kufotokozera pang'onopang'ono njira yopangira yomwe idachitikira ku Vietnam, ndi umboni - zithunzi, zolemba zopangira, zolemba za mphamvu ya makina - kuti kusintha komwe kudanenedwako kunali kotheka pamalowo. Pamene chinthucho chili ndi malo obisika, pempho lokakamiza ku CBP musanatumize nthawi zambiri limakhala lotsika mtengo kuposa kafukufuku wa EAPA pambuyo pake.

Zimathandizanso kuganizira izi pagawo lokonzekera katundu m'malo mwa gawo lochotsera katundu pamisonkhano. Pofika nthawi yomwe katundu watumizidwa padoko popanda kuthetsedwa funso lochokera, njira zokonzera katunduyo zimakhala zodula komanso zochedwa. Kupanga fayilo yochokera pamodzi ndi chisankho chopezera katundu, osati pambuyo pake, ndiye kusiyana pakati pa kulowa kwanthawi zonse ndi kusunga katundu kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Kupanga Unyolo Wopereka Zinthu Womwe Ungapulumuke Kuwunika

Palibe chilichonse mwa izi chomwe chikutanthauza kuti kupeza zinthu ku Vietnam kwatha ngati njira - ndalama zenizeni zopangira zinthu mdziko muno zikupitilira kukula, ndipo mafakitale ambiri kumeneko akuchita kupanga zinthu zenizeni komanso zokulirapo zomwe zimathetsa mavuto azamalamulo. Chomwe chasintha ndichakuti kusiyana kwa kusamveka bwino kwatha. Ogulitsa kunja amafunikira mnzake wothandizana nawo yemwe amamvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa kusuntha bokosi ndi kuteteza komwe linachokera, komanso yemwe angathandize kukonza njira yogulitsira zinthu m'njira yomwe imapanga mtundu wa njira zamapepala zomwe makasitomala amafuna kuwona.

Apa ndi pomwe Topway Shipping yakhazikitsa malo ake. Likulu lake ku Shenzhen ndipo likugwira ntchito kuyambira 2010, Topway Shipping ndi kampani yopereka zinthu zamalonda kudzera m'mabanki omwe gulu lake loyambitsa limabweretsa zaka zoposa 15 zakuchitikira pa ntchito zonyamula katundu padziko lonse lapansi komanso zochotsera katundu, komanso luso lapadera pa kayendetsedwe ka katundu pakati pa China ndi US. Malo ofunikira amenewo - omwe ali mkati mwa njira yeniyeni yogulitsira katundu komwe kufufuza komwe katundu akuchokera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri - ndikofunikira kwambiri pamene wotumiza katundu akufunika mnzake yemwe angawonetse chiopsezo cha katundu asanayambe kusungitsa chidebecho, osati pambuyo poti CBP yayambitsa funso.

Kupereka chithandizo kwa Topway kumaphatikizapo njira zonse zoyendetsera zinthu: kutumiza katundu kuchokera ku mafakitale aku China, malo osungiramo katundu kunja kwa dziko , kuchotsa katundu kuchokera ku misonkho, ndi kutumiza katundu kwa makasitomala otsiriza. Kwa makampani kusintha njira yawo yopezera katundu - kaya izi zikutanthauza kuphatikiza kutumiza katundu, kugawa zinthu m'malo osiyanasiyana, kapena kungofuna zikalata zoyera zokhudza kuyenda kwa katundu kuchokera ku China - kukhala ndi mnzawo m'modzi woyang'anira unyolowo kuchokera ku mapeto kumachepetsa chiwerengero cha malo operekera katundu komwe zolemba zingasowe kapena kusasinthasintha. Topway imaperekanso ntchito zosinthira zonyamula katundu wa m'nyanja (FCL) ndi katundu wochepa kuposa chidebe (LCL) kuchokera ku China kupita ku madoko akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapatsa otumiza katundu malo oyenera pamene akusintha njira yopezera katundu m'malo momangika muzochepa zonyamula katundu pamene akupeza njira yopitira patsogolo.

Phindu lenileni si kungosuntha katundu mwachangu. Ndi kukhala ndi wotumiza katundu amene angathandize kupanga njira yotumizira katunduyo - zolemba zokhazikika zosungitsa katundu, zikalata zosungiramo katundu, ndi zikalata za kasitomu - zomwe zimathandiza kuti nkhani yochokera iyambe ngati yafunsidwa, m'malo mosiya wotumiza katundu kuti akonzenso mbiriyo pansi pa kukakamizidwa panthawi yofufuza.

Zomwe Zimadza Kenako

Malo oyendetsera zinthu pano akusinthasinthabe, ndipo aliyense mu bizinesi iyi ayenera kukonzekera kusintha kosalekeza m'malo motsatira malamulo okhazikika. Kusintha kwa ulamuliro walamulo ku Gawo 122 la Trade Act la 1974 mu February 2026 kunabwera ndi malamulo ake omwe akulowa pansi, omwe akuyembekezeka kutha ntchito pafupifupi Julayi 2026, ndipo kusintha kwina kukuyembekezeka USTR ikamaliza zomwe zapezeka mu Gawo 301. Payokha, zokambirana zamalonda pakati pa Washington ndi Hanoi mpaka pakati pa 2026 zakhala zikugogomezera kulimbitsa malamulo oyambira, kugwirizanitsa zowongolera zotumiza kunja, ndikutseka mipata yosakhala yamitengo yomwe yapangitsa kuti kutumiza katundu kutheke poyamba, ngakhale zizindikiro zaukazitape - monga kuchotsedwa kwa Vietnam pamndandanda wa olamulira kutumiza kunja ku US mu February 2026 - zikusonyeza kuti ubale waukulu ukupita ku kukhazikika.

Palinso mphekesera zomwe zikufalikira m'magulu otsatira malamulo amalonda kuti CBP ikhoza kuyambitsa malamulo okhwima kwambiri ochokera ku mafakitale omwe amagwirizanitsidwa makamaka ndi kapangidwe ka umwini wa mafakitale ku Southeast Asia - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kudziwa dziko lomwe chomeracho chimachokera kungadalire osati zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa makoma ake okha, komanso omwe ali ndi kampani yomwe ikugwira ntchitoyo. Palibe chomwe chili chomaliza apa, koma njira yoyendera ndi yofanana: zikalata zambiri, kutsimikizira kwambiri, komanso kulekerera pang'ono kusamveka bwino kuposa momwe zinalili zaka ziwiri zapitazo.

Kwa ogulitsa katundu, mafakitale, ndi otumiza katundu, mfundo zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa ndi zomwezo mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi lamulo liti lomwe likugwira ntchito pamwezi uliwonse: choyamba ganizirani za katundu aliyense wotumizidwa ku Vietnam ndi zinthu zochokera ku China ngati funso loti atsatire malamulo, kenako funsani za kayendedwe ka katundu, pangani fayilo yoyambira katunduyo asanasamuke m'malo mopita, ndikugwira ntchito ndi ogwirizana nawo omwe ali ndi mwayi wokwanira wolowa mumsewu wa China-Vietnam-US kuti athetse vuto lisanakhale chilango.

Kutsiliza

"Kusonkhanitsidwa ku Vietnam" kunali kokwanira kutsegula mtengo wabwino wa msonkho. Sikulinso choncho, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa kusonkhana ndi kupanga zenizeni kwakhala mzere weniweni womwe US ​​Customs ikugwiritsa ntchito tsopano ndi kuukira mafakitale, kufufuza kwa EAPA, ndi chindapusa cha 40% chomwe sichikhala ndi njira yochepetsera. Makampani omwe apitiliza kusuntha katundu bwino kudzera munjira iyi ndi omwe akuwona kutsatira malamulo oyambira ngati vuto la kapangidwe ka unyolo woperekera katundu - kupeza zinthu zopangira m'malo momaliza kusonkhanitsa katundu pang'ono komwe kuli kofunikira, kulemba momwe njira yopangira zinthu ikuyendera, ndikugwirizana ndi opereka chithandizo cha mayendedwe omwe amamvetsetsa mbali yonse yotumizira katundu komanso mbali ya misonkho ya msewu wa China-Vietnam-US. Malamulowa apitilizabe kusintha mpaka chaka cha 2026 ndi kupitirira apo, koma mfundo yoyambirayo siidzachepa: chiyambi chiyenera kupezeka pafakitale, osati kulembedwa pa chizindikiro cha kutumiza katundu.

Ibibazo

Q: Kodi kungosamutsa msonkhano womaliza kupita ku Vietnam kumapangitsa kuti chinthucho chikhale chochokera ku Vietnam chifukwa cha misonkho ya US?

A: Osati yokha. Pansi pa 19 CFR § 134.1(b), chinthucho chiyenera kusinthidwa kwambiri ku Vietnam — kuonekera ndi dzina latsopano, khalidwe, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito. Kusonkhanitsa zigawo zomalizidwa za ku China nthawi zambiri kumaonedwa ngati kosakwanira.

Q: Kodi chilango chake ndi chachikulu bwanji ngati katundu wapezeka kuti watumizidwa kudzera ku Vietnam?

A: Katundu wopezeka kuti watumizidwa adzakumana ndi chindapusa cha 40% motsatira HTS 9903.02.01, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera pa chindapusa cha tariff, popanda kuchepetsa kapena kuchotsera komwe kulipo malinga ndi dongosolo lomwe lilipo pano.

Q: Kodi chinthu chingakhale chochokera ku Vietnam movomerezeka pansi pa RCEP koma chikalepherabe mayeso oyambira ku US?

A: Inde. Malamulo a RCEP ndi China-ASEAN amalola zinthu zofunika kwambiri ku China pomwe amaperekabe chiyambi chabwino cha madera, koma muyezo wa kusintha kwakukulu ku US ndi wokhwima, kotero chinthu chimatha kupambana mayeso amodzi ndikulephera china.

Q: Ndi zikalata ziti zomwe zimateteza munthu wobweretsa katundu kunja panthawi yofufuza za chiyambi cha CBP?

A: Chikalata cha zinthu zomwe zalembedwa m'dziko lililonse, mbiri yatsatanetsatane ya njira zopangira zinthu, ndi umboni weniweni — zithunzi, zolemba za kupanga zinthu, zolemba za kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zapangidwa — zomwe zapangidwa zisanatumizidwe, zomwe sizinapangidwe pambuyo pake kuti zithandizire zomwe zanenedwa kale.

Q: Kodi chonyamulira katundu chingathandize bwanji kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusamutsidwa kwa katundu?

Yankho: Wotumiza katundu yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso chakuya pakati pa China ndi US, monga Topway Shipping, angathandize kukonza mayendedwe oyamba, malo osungiramo katundu, ndi zikalata za kasitomu kuyambira pachiyambi kotero kuti njira yolembera mapepala ithandizire zomwe zanenedwa poyamba m'malo mofunsa mafunso panthawi yopereka chilolezo.