Kufamba-famba kubva kuYiwu kuenda kuBelgrade: Zvakakodzera Here Kutenga Mari Yepamusoro?
Famba-famba munzvimbo ipi neipi yekuchengetera zvinhu muBelgrade uye mamiriro acho akafanana: masherufu azere nezvinhu zvidiki, zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ese uye zvinhu zvevatengi zvinotengwa kubva kunzvimbo imwe chete - Yiwu, China. Chikamu cheSerbia chekutenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika chagara chichivimba nemusika mukuru wepasi rose wezvinhu zvidiki uye hukama ihwohwo huri kukura nekukurumidza. Muna 2024, Serbia yakatenga $5.55 bhiriyoni kubva kuChina, kubva pa $4.87 bhiriyoni gore rapfuura - kusvetuka kwe14% kwegore rimwe chete kunoratidza kuti nzira iyi yave yakakosha sei.
Pakati peizvi zvese, mubvunzo mumwe chete unoshanda unoramba uchimuka pakati pevanotengesa zvinhu kunze kwenyika, vatengesi ve e-commerce nemakambani ekutengesa: munobhadhara mari yekuwedzera here yekutumira zvinhu pamba nemba kana kuti nzira yakachipa yekutumira zvinhu pachiteshi ndiyo nzira yakangwara here? Mhinduro yacho yakaoma kupfuura zvingataurwa nevazhinji vevatengesi vezvinhu. Rondedzero iyi inoderedza ruzha rwekushambadzira, inoongorora mitengo chaiyo, inotarisa nzira itsva yekutengeserana yakagadzirwa neChina-Serbia Free Trade Agreement, uye inokuudzai kuti kana kuenda pamba nemba kwakakosha riini - uye risingakoshi.
Nzira yekutengeserana yeYiwu-Belgrade: Nei Ichikosha Pari Zvino
Kudyidzana kweChina neSerbia kwakabva pakubatana kuri nyore pakati pevatengi nevatengesi kuita chimwe icho hurumende mbiri dzava kuchidana kuti "ushamwari hwesimbi." Mari yese yakadyarwa muChina muSerbia yadarika mabhiriyoni gumi emadhora, kusanganisira mari yekudyara musimba, zvivakwa, uye kugadzira. Asi kutengeserana kwemutengo - makontena ezvigadzirwa zvinobva kumisika yeYiwu kuenda kuvatengesi vekuSerbia - ndiko kunoronga kufamba kwezuva nezuva kwekoridho.
Chibvumirano chekutengeserana chakanyanya kukosha munguva pfupi yapfuura ndicho chibvumirano chekutengeserana pachena chakatanga kushanda musi wa1 Chikunguru 2024, chinoita kuti Serbia ive nyika yekutanga muEurope kusaina chibvumirano chekutengeserana neChina. Mitero ichabviswa pazvikamu zvezvigadzirwa zvinodarika 60% nekukurumidza, nechinangwa chekutengeserana pasina mutero ne95% mumakore akati wandei. Izvi zvinoita kuti masvomhu etsika akasiyana zvikuru kune vanotenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Mitero yaimbowedzera mutengo wekutengesa zvinhu zvevatengi, fenicha, matoyi nemidziyo ne8–20%, ikozvino yava zero, kana kuti inodzikira nekukurumidza. Izvozvo zvinokanganisa kufunga kwaunoda kufunga nezvemitengo yekutenga zvinhu pamba nemba uye mutengo wekutenga zvinhu.
Zvichakadaro, China-Europe Railway Express ine nzvimbo yakatarwa yekubva muYiwu yave nzira yakagadzikana yekutakura zvinhu. Zvitima kubva kuYiwu kuenda kunzvimbo dzeCentral Europe zvinofamba katatu pasvondo rega rega, zvichisvika kunzvimbo yechitima yeGerman kuDuisburg mumazuva gumi nematanhatu kusvika gumi nemasere, uye kubatana kwemarori kuenda kuBelgrade kunowanzo tora mazuva maviri kusvika mana. Njanji haisisiri imwe nzira yekufambisa; ndiyo sarudzo yakajairika yezvinhu zvinotora nguva zvisingakodzeri. air shipping mitengo.
Zvinoreva Kutumira Zvinhu Pasuo Nesuo
Pfungwa yekuti "kupinda muchivande" ishoko guru mubazi rekutakura zvinhu uye kuti kusarongeka kunokonzera kuvhiringidzika kukuru. Kufamba muchivande muchivande zvinoreva kuti mumwe wevanopa zvinhu zvako anotora zvinhu zvako kubva kufekitori yemutengesi kana mudura remuduri muYiwu ozviendesa kune imwe kero yakatarwa muBelgrade - achitarisira zvimwe zvese: kutakura zvinhu mukati menyika, kutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika muChina, gungwa kana njanji inotakura, kupinza zvinhu muSerbia uye kutumirwa kwezvinhu nekukurumidza.
Musiyano mukuru uripo neDDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) uye DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) services dzepasuo nesuo. DDU zvinoreva kuti forwarder anotarisira logistics uye kutakura kwako kunounzwa pasuo rako asi uchiri kubhadhara mari dzecustoms dzeSerbia neVAT kana zvinhu zvako zvasvika. Kana DDP yashandiswa zvizere, forwarder anobhadhara mari dzese dzemutero pachine nguva - mitero, VAT, mari dzecustoms clearing - uye anozvibatanidza mu invoice imwe chete. DDP ndiyo chaiyo 'isina kunetseka'. DDU i logistics yepasuo nesuo asi haisi mutoro wemari wepasuo nesuo. Gara uchiwana kuti uri kupihwa basa ripi usati waenzanisa mitengo.
Nzira dzekutumira Dzichienzaniswa: Kumhanya, Mutengo, uye Kukodzera
Pazasi pane pfupiso inoshanda yenzira shanu huru dzekutakura zvinhu panzira yeYiwu-Belgrade:
| nzira | Transit Time | Cost Level | Kuenda Pasuo Nesuo? | Best For |
| Freight Yegungwa (LCL) | Mazuva 35-45 | $ | Opsioneel | Zvinhu zvakawanda zvisingakurumidzi kutengeswa |
| Kutakura Mugungwa (FCL) | Mazuva 35-45 | $$ | Opsioneel | Mudziyo wakazara, mutengo weyuniti wakaderera |
| China-Europe Rail | Mazuva 18-25 | $$ | Ehe (negumbo rerori) | Mid-saizi, nguva-inonzwa kutumirwa |
| Air Freight | Mazuva 5-8 | $$$$ | Ehe | Urgent, high-value, light cargo |
| Express Courier | Mazuva 3-7 | $$$$$ | Ehe | Mapasuru madiki, sampuli |
Zvinhu zvishoma zvekutsanangura. Kutakura zvinhu mugungwa kuchiri chinhu chakakosha kana zvasvika pakutumira zvinhu zvakawanda zvisingadiwi nekukasika. Ngatitii une mudziyo wakazara nezvinhu zvemwaka zvawakaraira nguva isati yasvika. Nguva yekufambisa zvinhu imazuva 35-45, izvo zvinotora nguva yakareba asi mutengo pa m3 imwe neimwe haugone kukundwa. Kutakura zvinhu muchitima ndiyo sarudzo inosarudzwa yekutakura zvinhu zvepakati nepakati uko nguva yekutakura zvinhu yemavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu inononoka, asi kutakurwa kwezvinhu mumhepo kunodhura zvakanyanya. Kune vazhinji vanotenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika, rwendo rwemazuva 18-25 kubva kuYiwu kuenda kuBelgrade ndirwo runonyanya kunaka. Kutakura zvinhu mumhepo nekutumira zvinhu nekukurumidza zvinongonzwisisika kana zvinhu zviri zvishoma, zvichikosha kana kuti zvichikosha.
Imwe nyevero huru: Nguva dzechitima dzinobva kuYiwu dziripo Muvhuro, China neChishanu. Kusasvika pamuganhu wezvinhu zvawakatakura kunogona kukanganisa mabhenefiti enguva pfupi yekufambisa. Isa nguva yekuzorora muhurongwa hwako.
Mutengo Chaiwo weKufamba Pasuo Nesuo: Zvinovharwa nePremium
Chikanganiso chikuru pamusoro pekutumira zvinhu pamba nemba ndechekuti uri kungobhadhara mari shoma pane zvaungagadzira wega. Hausi. Uri kupfuura njodzi, uchidzivisa kurongeka kwemari, uye kubhadhara mari dzekutanga dzingave dzisingatarisirwi.
Pazasi pane kuenzanisa kwekutumira kweLCL (zvingangoita zvigadzirwa zvishanu zveCBM kubva kuYiwu kuenda kuBelgrade warehouse address) pachiteshi kuenda kuchiteshi vs paDDP yakazara pasuo nesuo:
| Cost Item | Kuenda Kuchiteshi (DIY) | Door-to-Door (DDP) |
| Kutakura Zvinhu muGungwa / Njanji | ~$1,200–$2,000 (LCL) | Inosanganisira |
| Kutyaira Marori MuChina | ~$80–$150 | Inosanganisira |
| Kubvumidzwa Kwemitero muSerbia | ~$150–$300 (muripo webroker) | Inosanganisira |
| Mutero weKupinza Zvinhu (avhareji 12%) | Basa remutengi | Inosanganisirwa (DDP) |
| Serbia VAT (20%) | Basa remutengi | Inosanganisirwa (DDP) |
| Last-Mile Delivery | ~$100–$250 (ronga munharaunda yako) | Inosanganisira |
| Njodzi Yekuchengetedza / Kuderedza Kuwanda Kwezvinhu | Yakanyanya kana kunonoka kukaitika | Chinhu chinotumira zvinhu zvishoma chinotora |
| Mari Yenguva & Kutarisira | Mapato akakosha (mapati akawanda) | Zvishoma (mupi mumwe chete) |
Pakutanga, mutengo wekutakura zvinhu kubva pachiteshi kuenda pachiteshi unoita sewakachipa. Asi tarisai mutengesi wemitero wekuSerbia, mutero wekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika, VAT uye mutengo wekutumira zvinhu munharaunda uye mutengo wekutumira zvinhu pasi unodzikira zvakanyanya. Kune akawanda ma profiles ekutumira zvinhu, kunyanya mushure meFTA kana mitero yezvikamu zvakawanda yadzikira kusvika pazero, mutengo weDDP wese unogona kukwikwidzana kana kuderera pane mutengo waunganidzirwa wekuzviitira wega, kana wangofunga nezvenguva yako uye njodzi yekuderedzwa kwemari kana muripo wekuchengetedza zvinhu.
Zvisinei, pane muripo mukuru wezvinhu zvichiri kubhadharwa mutero. Mutengo weVAT weSerbia unoramba uri 20% yemutengo wemutero pamwe nemitero. Munhu anotarisira zvinhu anowanzo chengetedza mari yake nekuwedzera mari pamusoro pemutero chaiwo muzvikamu zvezvigadzirwa zvine mutoro wakakwira. Kuwanda kwemupi wezvinhu anotaura pachena nezveizvi kunosiyana zvakanyanya.
Kubatana kweChina neSerbia: Kuchinja Kwemitengo Yekumisa Nyika
Chibvumirano cheKutengeserana Kwakasununguka chaChikunguru 2024 chinotsanangurawo patsva kuverengwa kwemitengo yezvinhu zvese zvinofamba nepakati peYiwu-Belgrade corridor. Avhareji yemitero muSerbia yaive 12%, nemitengo inosiyana kubva pa0% kusvika pa30% zvichienderana nechigadzirwa. FTA yakakurumidza kubvisa mitero pamitsetse yemitero inopfuura 60%. Zvimwe zvakabviswa mukati menguva yemakore matatu kusvika gumi.
| Product Category | Mutengo wePre-FTA | Mushure meFTA (kubva muna Chikunguru 2024) |
| Zvevatengi zvemagetsi | 5 - 10% | 0% (kubviswa pakarepo) |
| Zvipfeko & zvipfeko | 12 - 20% | Kudzikiswa kwechikamu chemakore mashanu |
| Furniture & zvinhu zvekumba | 8 - 15% | 0% (kubviswa pakarepo) |
| Toys & mitambo | 10% | 0% (kubviswa pakarepo) |
| Michina & midziyo | 3 - 7% | 0% kana kuderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma |
| Zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki nerabha | 6 - 12% | Purogiramu yekudzikisa chikamu |
Mukuita, izvi zvinoreva zvinhu zviviri kune vanopinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Chekutanga, kana uri kupinza zvinhu zvisina muripo, "bhenefiti yeDDP" yekuti muripo wemutengesi utarisirwe unodzikira nekuti hapana basa rekufunganya nezvaro. Kukosha kweDDP kunochinja-chinja kuti zvive nyore, nyore nyore kweinvoice imwe chete uye kugona kwekubvisa zvinhu kubva mumitero panzvimbo pekufukidza muripo. Chechipiri, Serbia ine 20% VAT pane zvese zvinopinzwa kunze kwenyika zvisinei nekuti kune FTA here, saka mutengo hauchinji uye zvichiri kukosha kuti nyanzvi iite nemazvo kudzivirira kuverenga zvikanganiso zvinotungamira mukuongororwa.
Chinhu chimwe chakakosha ndechekuti: Mabhenefiti eFTA haasi ega. Zvinhu zvako zvinofanirwa kuzadzisa mitemo yekwakabva - zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa zvakanyanya muChina. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobva zvakananga kubva kukambani yekugadzira yeYiwu zvinokodzera, nepo izvo zvinongoiswa patsva kana kunyorwazve mazita ezvinhu zvekunze kwenyika hazvikodzeri. Tarisa kuti kwakabva kwacho kunoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutengesi wako usati waisa mutero.
Mari Yakavanzika Yekuenda Kuchiteshi Chengarava
Vanotenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika vanosarudza zvinhu zvinoenda kune imwe nzvimbo, zvinowanzonzi FOB kana CFR, mukuedza kuchengetedza mari, vanowanzoona kuti mari inochengetwa inonyangarika mumari dzakavanzwa dzisina kumbobatanidzwa mumutengo wekutanga wekutakura zvinhu. Tinofanira kunzwisisa mitengo iyi kuti tikwanise kuenzanisa zvinhu nenzira yechokwadi.
Kutanga kuonekwa kwevatengi vemitero yekutengesera zvinhu (customs broker). Kunyangwe zvichikwanisika kuburitsa zvinhu kuburikidza nemitero yekuSerbia pasina broker ane hunyanzvi, izvi hazvigoneke kune vazhinji vanotenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Kutumirwa kweLCL kwakajairika kunowanzoita $150–$300 mumari yebroker, kutumirwa kwakaomarara kune mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa kana zvitupa zvakakosha kunodhura zvakanyanya. Uyezve, Serbia inoda magwaro akadai se invoice yekutengeserana ine nhamba yeHS yakakodzera, runyorwa rwakakwana rwekurongedza uye Bill of Lading kana Airway Bill. Zvikanganiso mumagwaro aya zvinogona kutungamira mukuchengetedzwa kwemitero, kuongororwa kwakawedzerwa uye mari yekuchengetedza inowanda zuva nezuva.
Mari yechipiri yakavanzika isingatarisirwi nevanotengesa zvinhu kekutanga ndeyekuderedzwa kwemutengo wezvinhu uye kuchengetedza zvinhu pachiteshi. Kana broker wemuno kana mubatsiri wekutakura zvinhu asina kugadzirira kutakura zvinhu nekukurumidza kana zvangoburitswa mutero, zvinhu zviri pachiteshi chengarava cheSerbia kana pachiteshi chechitima zvinobhadhara mari yekuchengetedza zuva nezuva. Kuti zvinhu zvibviswe zvishoma nezvishoma pakutakura zvinhu zvepakati, muripo uyu unogona kusvika pamadhora mazana mashanu kusvika chiuru ($500 - $1,000) nekukurumidza. Hauna njodzi iyi nemutengesi wepasuo nesuo ane network yevashandi vemunharaunda - cheni yekutakura zvinhu yatove yakarongeka kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira.
Uye chekupedzisira, pane mari yekubatanidza - maawa ayo iwe kana timu yako inoshandisa kutumira maemail kune vanhu vakati wandei, kutsvaga mamiriro ebasa, kugadzirisa ma invoice kubva kune vatatu vakasiyana vanopa masevhisi, uye kugadzirisa zvisizvo. Kune makambani anotumira kashoma kana kuti matsva kumusika weSerbia, mari iyi yekutonga yakakura uye dzimwe nguva haionekwi mukuongorora kwemitengo.
7. Kana Kufamba Pasuo Nesuo Kwakakosha Mari Yese
Kutumira zvinhu pasuo nesuo neDDP kwakakodzera mutengo waro mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana. Chekutanga ndechekuti kana uri mutambi mutsva mumusika weSerbia. Pasina hukama huripo nekambani yemuno kana mubatsiri wekutakura zvinhu anovimbika muBelgrade, njodzi yekushanda kwechiteshi chengarava yakakwira. Kubviswa kamwe chete kana chigadzirwa chisina kurongwa zvakanaka zvinogona kukudhura mari yakawanda mukuderedza mutengo uye kugadzirisa kupfuura mari yeprimiyamu yaizokudhura pakutanga.
Chechipiri ndechezvinhu zvinotora nguva yakatarwa kana kuti zvinoenderana nenguva. Kana uchitumira zvinhu zveKisimusi, zvigadzirwa zvekudzokera kuchikoro kana chero chigadzirwa chine zuva rakasimba rekuchengetera zvinhu, kuvimbika kwebasa repasuo nesuo kunoita kuti mutengo wacho uve wakakodzera. Kunyange zvazvo basa rekuzviitira wega richizosiyana pakutumira zvinhu, network yekutakura zvinhu yakarongwa kare inogara ichipa mukati menguva yakatarwa.
Chechitatu, kuenda kumba nemba kunochengetedza mari yekutumira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zveLCL. Kana zvinhu zvatumirwa zviine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine ma HS code akasiyana uye mitengo yakasiyana-siyana yemitero, kupatsanurwa kwemitengo yemutero kunova kwakaoma. Munhu ane ruzivo rwekutumira zvinhu anoderedza mukana wekusaisa muzvikamu zvakanaka uye zvirango zvinotevera. Chechina - makambani anoda kuti mari ienderane nezvinodiwa. Kuronga bhajeti kuri nyore ne invoice imwe chete kubva kumutengesi mumwe chete, uye hapana kushamisika kwakashata kwemutero wemutero wemutero unosvika mavhiki mushure mezvigadzirwa.
Paunofanira Kufunga NezvePort-to-Port Pane kudaro
Kugogodza pamusuwo hakusi mhinduro nguva dzose. Kune vanopinza zvinhu vakawanda vane ruzivo rwakakura vane mabhuroka emitero muBelgrade, vashandi vanonzwisisa maitiro ekupinza zvinhu kubva kuSerbia uye chibvumirano chekutakura zvinhu kubva kuchiteshi kuenda kuchiteshi, chinowanzopa kudzora kwakawanda uye kuderedza mutengo wezvinhu zvose. Uchiziva mamiriro enzvimbo, unogona kugadzirisa chikamu chimwe nechimwe cherwendo wega wega uye kusabhadhara mari yekutumira zvinhu panzvimbo yacho.
Mumwe muenzaniso apo kutumirwa kwengarava kubva pachiteshi kuenda pachiteshi kunowanzova nemusoro ndeyekutumira kweFCL (mutoro wakazara wemidziyo). Kufambiswa kwemidziyo ine 20 foot kana 40 foot kuri nyore zvekuti kuzvigadzirira wega nzira yekuenda kunogoneka. Kutakura zvinhu mugungwa kwemidziyo ine 20ft kubva kuChina kuenda kuSerbia: Mitengo yekutakura zvinhu mugungwa kubva pachiteshi kuenda pachiteshi inowanzova pakati pe$2,050 kusvika $4,250 zvichienderana nechiteshi chengarava chakabva uye mwaka. Kana uine zvivakwa, kuwedzera kugoverwa kwako kwemuno pamusoro kunoramba kuri kushanda.
Saizvozvowo, nharo yekubhadhara DDP premium haina kusimba kana zvigadzirwa zvako zvese zviri muzvikamu zveFTA zvisina basa uye uine mutengesi wemuno ane mukurumbira. Uri kubhadhara kuti zvive nyore, kwete kuti mutengesi atore njodzi yemutero iyo isisipo.
Mafambiro Anoita Kutumirwa kweTopway Munzira Iyi
Yakavakirwa muShenzhen uye yakavambwa muna 2010, Topway Shipping yakavaka mukati memakore gumi ekushanda kwayo kunoita kuti basa rekuenda pasuo nesuo munzira dzakaoma dzakadai seYiwu-Belgrade rive rakavimbika, kwete kungovimbiswa chete. Chikwata chekutanga chekambani iyi chine ruzivo rwemakore anopfuura gumi nemashanu mukutakura zvinhu pasi rose uye kubvisa zvinhu kubva mumitero, uye ine hunyanzvi hwakadzama hwakatanga kugadzirwa pamigwagwa mikuru yeChina-US iyo yakabva yawedzera kusvika kumakoridho ekuEurope.
Chinosiyanisa Topway nemamwe makambani ari munzira yeYiwu-Belgrade ndechekupararira kwesevhisi iyi. Kambani iyi inotarisira zvese zvinodiwa: kutakura zvinhu kubva kuYiwu kuenda kuchiteshi chengarava chiri pedyo kana chiteshi chechitima, kutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika muChina, kutumira zvinhu mugungwa kana muchitima, kubvisa zvinhu muSerbia uye kutumira zvinhu muchikepe kusvika pamusuwo wemutengesi. Topway inogona kugamuchira FCL kana LCL, kungave uri mutengesi wekutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika kana sangano rekutengesa rinoda kutakura zvinhu zvese pamwedzi. Kuchinjika kwakadaro kwakakosha paYiwu corridor uko saizi yezvinhu zvinotumirwa inosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemutengi uye rudzi rwechigadzirwa.
Kudivi rezvemitero, timu yeTopway ine ruzivo mukutarisa zvinodiwa zvemagwaro ekubvisa zvinhu kubva kuSerbia - kusanganisira kupatsanurwa kwekodhi yeHS kwakarurama, kutevedzera zvinodiwa zvepakutanga kweChina-Serbia FTA itsva uye kubata zvitupa zvezvigadzirwa zvemhando dzezvinhu zvinodzorwa. Kune vanotanga kupinza zvinhu muSerbia, kushanda pamwe chete nebasa rinotonzwisisa tsika dzetsika dzemuno kunobvisa njodzi huru yekushanda.
Topway inopawo sevhisi yeDDP semhinduro yeinivhoyisi imwe chete kwete muunganidzwa wakaunganidzwa wemitengo yevamwe vanhu. Nzira yekambani yekuisa mitengo iri nyore - kusanganisira zvinhu, kubvisirwa kwemitero yemutero, mitengo, kugadziriswa kweVAT uye kutumirwa kwekupedzisira - yakagadzirirwa makambani anoda chokwadi chemari uye asingade kuoma kwezvinhu zvinokanganisa bhizinesi ravo guru. Kune makambani anoda kuita danho rekutanga, timu yeTopway yakagadzirira kupa mitengo yakatarwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinhu zvinotakura, huremu, uye purogiramu yekutumira.
mhedziso
Mugwagwa weYiwu-Belgrade uri kupinda muchikamu chitsva. Masvomhu ebasa akashandurwa neChina-Serbia Free Trade Agreement, wachi yakamanikidzwa neChina-Europe Railway Express, uye zvivakwa zvekufambisa zvinhu munzira iyi zviri kukura nekukurumidza nekuda kweSerbia kuri kukura nekukurumidza kwezvinhu zveChina. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro mubvunzo wekupinda pasuo nesuo hausi nyore kungoti hongu kana kwete. Inoenderana neruzivo rwako, chimiro chekutumira, chikamu chechigadzirwa uye kuti unokoshesa sei kufungidzira kupfuura kudzora.
Kune vazhinji vanotenga zvinhu zvidiki nepakati, mutongo wechokwadi ndeuyu: DDP yekupinda neimba inokosha mutengo wekuwedzera kana uri mutsva kumusika, uchitumira zvinhu zvinotora nguva, uchibata nezvikamu zvakasiyana zvezvigadzirwa, kana kungoda nyore nyore kweinvoice imwe chete. Sezvaunokura uye uchivandudza ruzivo rwemunharaunda, calculus inochinja uye port-to-port inogona kuva nzira yakangwara. Nzira yekuedza ndeyekuwedzera mutengo wezvinhu - kwete chete mutengo wezvinhu - usati wasarudza. Uye chero modhi yaunoshandisa, kushanda nemupi wezvinhu anoziva mativi ese eYiwu-Belgrade corridor kuchakuchengetedza mari yakawanda, nguva, uye kuoma kupfuura chero kutaurirana pamusoro pemitengo.
FAQs
Mubvunzo: Kutumira zvinhu kubva kuYiwu kuenda kuBelgrade kunotora nguva yakareba sei?
A: Kutakura zvinhu kubva pasuo kuenda pane rimwe suo kunotora mazuva 20-28 kubva pakutorwa nechitima kubva kune mutengesi muYiwu kusvika pakutumirwa muBelgrade. Kutakura zvinhu kubva pasuo kuenda pane rimwe suo kunotora mazuva 38-50. Kutakura zvinhu nendege kunotora mazuva 7-12 kusanganisira kubviswa kwemitero kumativi ese.
Mubvunzo: Serbia ichiri kubhadharisa here mutero wezvinhu zvekuChina mushure me2024 FTA?
A: Mapoka ese haabhadhariswe muripo here izvozvi? A: Mapoka mazhinji haabhadhariswe muripo, asi haasi ese. Mitero yezvigadzirwa zvinopfuura 60% yakabviswa ipapo ipapo musi wa1 Chikunguru 2024. Mapoka asara ari kubviswa mukati menguva yemakore 3-10. 20% VAT yeSerbia inoramba ichishanda pazvinhu zvese zvinopinzwa kunze kwenyika zvisinei nemamiriro eFTA. Usati wapedza modhi yako yemutengo, tarisa zvakare mamiriro emutero wekodhi yako yeHS.
Mubvunzo: Ndeapi magwaro anodiwa kuti zvinhu zvipinzwe kubva kuChina zvichiendeswa kuSerbia?
A: Magwaro akakosha i invoice yekutengeserana (ine ma HS code akakodzera, kukosha kwakaziviswa uye Incoterm), runyorwa rwakadzama rwekurongedza uye Bill of Lading (sea) kana Airway Bill (air/express). Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinogona zvakare kuda zvitupa zvekuenderana, zvitupa zvephytosanitary kana mapepa eMSDS ezvigadzirwa zvinodzorwa. DDP forwarder inowanzo gadzirisa zvese izvi kwauri.
Mubvunzo: Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peDDP neDDU pasuo nesuo?
A: Pasi peDDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid), mutengesi anoendesa zvinhu kukero yako asi iwe uchabhadhara mari yemitero yeSerbia neVAT kana zvinhu zvasvika. DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) - Mushandisi anobhadhara mari yese yemitero pakutanga uye anobhadharisa invoice yako imwe chete yemari yese. DDP iri nyore, uye haina mari isingatarisirwi. DDU inogona kunge yakachipa mudzidziso, asi inopa njodzi yemitero nemutoro kumutengi.
Mubvunzo: Ko Topway Shipping inokwanisa here kutumirwa kweLCL diki nemidziyo yakazara?
A: Ehe. Topway Shipping inopa masevhisi eFCL (Full Container Load) uye LCL (Less than Container Load) kubva kuChina kuenda kumachiteshi makuru nenzvimbo dziri pasi rose, kusanganisira Belgrade. Vanotarisira zvese zvekutakura zvinhu kubva pakutorwa muYiwu kusvika pakutumirwa kwekupedzisira muSerbia kune chero saizi yekutakura zvinhu.
