Maitiro Ekutumira Zvinhu Zvine Ngozi kubva kuChina - uye Ndezvipi Zviteshi Zvichazvigamuchira Chaizvoizvo
Gore rega rega zviuru zvemakontena azere nezvinhu zviri pamutemo uye zvinobatsira zvakakwana zvinodzoserwa kubva kumadoko eChina nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero: pane imwe nzvimbo muchigadzirwa mune bhatiri, aerosol, caustic liquid kana makemikari ayo magwaro asina kuaona. Kutumira zvinhu zvine njodzi kubva kuChina hakusi kungoisa chiratidzo pabhokisi pafomu rekubhuka. Ibasa rekutevera mitemo, rinosanganisira kupatsanura, magwaro, kurongedza, uye—pamwe chinhu chisinganyanyi kukosheswa—mitemo chaiyo yechiteshi nechiteshi chaunoronga kushandisa.
Gwaro iri rinokubatsira kunzwisisa kuti chii chinoita kuti mutsauko uripo pakati pe zvinhu zvine njodzi Kutakura zvinhu zviri nyore kufamba kana kugara muchivanze zvichiwedzera mari yekudzikisa mutoro uye kana zviteshi zvengarava zveChina zviri kushanda zviri nyore kubata zvinhu zvinodzorwa nemutemo muna 2026.
Nei Mitoro Ine Ngozi Ikarambwa Kupfuura Imwe Mhando Yekutakura Zvinhu
Kurambwa kwenhumbi zhinji pakutanga hakusi kwechinhu chacho. Kunoreva musiyano uripo pakati pezvinotaurwa nemagwaro uye zvinoda kutorwa nechiteshi, chiteshi kana mutakuri chero zuva ripi zvaro. Kutumirwa kunogona kunge kuri pamutemo zvichienderana nemabhuku emitemo yepasi rose, asi kuchizodzoserwa nekuti nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu yasvika pakuchengeterwa zvinhu zvine njodzi, kana kuti nekuda kwekuti mushandirapamwe wekuchengetedza nzvimbo wawedzera kugamuchirwa mushure mekunge chimwe chinhu chisina kubatana kune imwe nzvimbo munyika.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvakavanzika kugona kwenzvimbo yekutakura zvinhu. Pane nzvimbo shoma yekuchengetera zvinhu zvine njodzi zvakabviswa makemikari asingaenderane nazvo uye haugone kungozviunganidza chero kupi zvako mugaraji remakontena. Munguva yekutumira zvinhu zvakawanda, kana gadhi reDG regaraji regaraji rakazara, dzimwe nguva kubhuka kunombomiswa kana kudzoserwa kune imwe nzira, nemazuva mashoma ekuzivisa.
Kunewo musungo wemagwaro unobata vanhu vanotumira kekutanga nguva dzese. Chimwe chinhu chinoita sezvinhu zvakajairika - mudziyo wekuchengetedza ganda une bhatiri rakagadzirwa mukati, chigadzirwa chekuchenesa chine propellant inoputika, sample kit ine bhodhoro diki re solvent - zvinogona kuchinja chinyararire kuita zvinhu zvinouraya kana munhu akaverenga SDS kana kutarisa flash point. Kana kuiswa muzvikamu ikoko kukasaitwa nekukurumidza, zvichazoonekwa sekurambwa kwekubhuka kana kuti zvakatoipa kana zvinhu zvakatumirwa pagedhi rechiteshi.
Bhuku Remitemo: IMDG, IATA, uye Chigadziko Chemukati cheChina
Kutakura zvinhu mugungwa kunofanirwa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa neInternational Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, yakaburitswa neInternational Maritime Organisation uye inodiwa nechibvumirano cheSOLAS. Musi wa1 Ndira, 2026, chinyorwa cha2024, Amendment 42-24, chakava chega chiyero chinodiwa uye chakatsiva chinyorwa chekare zvachose. Chakagadzira maumbirwo matsva eUN enhamba dzekutakura zvinhu zvemabhatiri, kuwedzera kwezvinodiwa zvemagwaro uye, kekutanga, chakakamura mabhatiri, zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa mabhatiri nemotokari dzinoshandisa mabhatiri muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvemutemo. Mhepo kutakura inotongwa neIATA Dangerous Goods Regulations, iyo inogadziriswa gore rega rega. Shanduro yechi67 iripo ichadzora kutumirwa kwezvinhu kusvika pakupera kwegore ra2026.
Pamusoro pezvose zviri zviviri pane zvivakwa zvemukati meChina zvekutakura, izvo zvinosarudza kuti zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinotakurwa sei nemugwagwa kubva kufekitori kuenda kuchiteshi. Mitemo yekutakura mumigwagwa yemuno inosiyana zvichienderana nedunhu uye neguta, uye inogona kusimbiswa kamwe kamwe, kunyanya panguva yemhemberero dzezviitiko zvekare kana panguva iyo vakuru vemunharaunda vari kuita mishandirapamwe yekuongorora kuchengetedzeka. Kunyangwe pasuru inoenderana zvizere nepepa rekufambisa kwenyika dzese inogona kumira kana chikamu chemotokari mukati meChina chisingakodzeri zvinodiwa munharaunda pakuronga nguva yekutora, mafambiro emota kana mvumo yemotokari.
Hapana kana imwe yemitemo mitatu iyi, IMDG, IATA uye yekutakura zvinhu muChina inoshanda yoga. Kuva nechiziviso chekutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika chinotevedzera mitemo iyi hakurevi chinhu kana rori yakatakura kontena kuenda kuchiteshi chendege isina rezenisi yekutakura kirasi iyoyo yengozi munzira iyoyo.
Kurongwa Kunouya Pakutanga: Nhamba yeUN uye Zita Rakakodzera Rekutumira
Usati waita chimwe chinhu—usati wabhuka, usati wapakura, usati watotaura nemunhu anotumira zvinhu nezvemitengo—zvinhu zvinoda nhamba yeUN uye Zita Rekutumira Rakakodzera. Zvinhu izvi zviviri zvinosarudza zvese zviri shure: kana Kurongedza Kunoshanda, mavara api ari mubhokisi, kana kutumira kwacho kuchikodzera mitemo yeLimited Quantity kana Excepted Quantity, uye kuti ndeapi vatakuri vangatobvuma kubhuka.
Apa ndipo panoonekwa nevanotengesa kunze kwenyika vazhinji vachikanganisa basa riri kutaurwa. Kuisa muzvikamu hakusi nyaya yekufungidzira zvichibva pane chitarisiko chechigadzirwa, asi kusarudzwa kwehunyanzvi zvichibva paSDS, data rekuyedza uye, mune dzimwe nguva, kuongororwa kwemakemikari kwakananga. Zvigadzirwa zviviri zvinotaridzika zvakafanana pafekitori - semuenzaniso mapaketi maviri akasiyana ebhatiri re lithium ane makemikari akasiyana zvishoma kana mamiriro ekunze - zvinogona kuva nenhamba dzakasiyana dzeUN uye zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekurongedza zvachose.
Mabhatiri eSodium-ion muenzaniso wakanaka wekuti nzvimbo iyi inoshanduka nekukurumidza sei. Nhamba dzavo dzeUN dzakangobva kuzivikanwa uye vatakuri vakaramba vachidziisa muzvikamu sezvadzakanga dzakaita nemasero e lithium-ion vakarambwa nemabhuku ekutakura zvinhu sezvo vatakuri vakagadzirisa masisitimu avo ekuongorora.
Nzira Yepepa: Chii Chinonyatsoonekwa Pakubhukha
Saka nguva yekupedzisira yekunyora mapepa ndeyekubhuka, kwete kupinda mukati mezuva. Vatakuri nevezviteshi vari kuramba vachiongorora mapepa ezvinhu zvine njodzi vasati vasvika pagedhi rechiteshi. Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza magwaro akajairika pakati pemabhukingi ekutakura zvinhu mugungwa kubva kuChina:
| Document | Zvazvinoita |
| Safety Data Sheet (SDS) | Huwandu hwezvinhu zvine chekuita nehunyanzvi hwechigadzirwa hune zvikamu gumi nematanhatu, kusanganisira kupatsanurwa kwenjodzi dzeGHS uye ruzivo rwekutakura rwunotaurwa muChikamu 14. |
| Dangerous Goods Declaration | Chitupa chakasainwa nemutakuri wezvinhu, pasi peIMDG yekufamba negungwa kana fomu reIATA remumhepo, richiratidza kuti zvinhu zvakaiswa muzvikamu, zvakarongwa, zvakaiswa mamaki, uye zvakanyorwa nemazvo. Vashandi vane chitupa cheDG chete ndivo vanogona kuchisaina. |
| Pfupiso yeMuedzo weUN38.3 | Zvinodiwa pakutakura mabhatiri e lithium ne sodium-ion, zvichiratidza kuti masero kana mapaketi akapasa bvunzo sere dzinofanira kuteverwa dzinosanganisira kureba, kupisa, kudedera, kuvhunduka, nezvimwewo. |
| Chitupa Chekurongedza Mudziyo/Motokari | Inosimbisa kuti mudziyo wacho wakazadzwa zvichienderana nemitemo yekupatsanurana yeIMDG, ichichengetedza zvinhu zvisingaenderane nazvo mukati mebhokisi. |
| Mushumo weKuzivikanwa kweMakemikoro Ane Ngozi | Chikumbiro chinowedzera pazviteshi zvikuru zveChina, chinopihwa nerabhoritari yebato rechitatu, uye chinowanzo fanirwa kubhadharwa maawa akati wandei ngarava isati yasvika. |
Magwaro eBhatiri reLithium Anonyanya Kuongororwa
Pamhando dzese dzengozi, mabhatiri anotakurwa ndiwo anonyanya kuongororwa nekuti kana moto wemabhatiri e lithium watanga, unonetsa kudzima. Pamusoro pekuzivisa kwakajairika kweSDS neDG, uchafanirwa kupa muchidimbu chekuyedza cheUN38.3 kubva murabhoritari yakatenderwa zvakanaka, chitupa chekurongedza chinoenderana nekugadzirwa kwemabhatiri kwakaziviswa, uye dzimwe nguva rumwe ruzivo rwekugadzira senge chitupa chekudzora mhando kana zuva rekugadzirwa kwefekitori. Hapana chimwe cheizvi chisina kurongeka. Vatakuri vakambopiswa nekusiyana pakati pezvinotaurwa nekuzivisa bhatiri nezvakaiswa mubhokisi, uye ikozvino vanowedzera mamwe macheki kunyanya kuti vabate mukaha iwoyo.
Kurongedza, Kunyora, uye Hunhu Hwechokwadi hweDG Cargo
Mapepa akanaka haagadzirise kurongedza kusina kunaka. Kurongedza kwekunze kwezvinhu zvine njodzi kunofanirwa kunge kwakanyorwa nhamba chaiyo yeUN, Zita Rakakodzera Rekutumira, dhaimani remhando yengozi rakakodzera uye, kana mabhatiri atumirwa, chiratidzo chekubata bhatiri re lithium, icho ikozvino chinoshandawo kune zvinhu zvine sodium-ion. Mazita anofanira kuverengwa pamativi maviri akasiyana epakeji uye kune zvinhu zvine DG zviri mumidziyo, zviratidzo zvinofanirwa kunge zviri pamativi akawanda ebhokisi, kwete rimwe chete.
Kunyora mazita kwakakosha sekuparadzanisa. Zvinhu zvisingaenderane hazvigone kutakurwa pamwe chete mumudziyo mumwe chete uye IMDG Code ine tafura yakadzama yekuparadzanisa kuti ione kuti ndeapi mapoka engozi anogona uye asingagoni kuva pedyo. Kune zvinhu zveDG, kuzara mumudziyo kunowanzoitirwa panzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu inodzorwa nemitero pane nzvimbo yekutakurisa zvinhu mufekitori, uye magonhi asati avharwa zvakakodzera kutora mifananidzo yemukati memudziyo, mazita ese uye nhamba yechisimbiso. Kana paine chikumbiro chekukuvadzwa kwemidziyo kana gakava pamusoro pekutevedzera mitemo, mifananidzo iyoyo ndiyo humbowo hunobatsira zvikuru hwaunahwo.
Zvakakodzera kuisa chando chakaoma pano, sezvo vanotakura zvinhu vachichirerutsa. Kana chanyorova, chinoburitsa gasi recarbon dioxide rinogona kukonzera kumanikidzwa mumudziyo wakavharwa kana kukonzera njodzi yekutama kweokisijeni munzvimbo yakavharwa. Kunyangwe kana zvinhu zvikuru zviri mukutakura zvinhu zvisina kudzorwa neimwe nzira, kushandiswa kwechando chakaoma sechinotonhodza kunogona kushandisa mitemo yese ine njodzi yekubata zvinhu.
Ndezvipi Zviteshi zveChinese Zvinozogamuchira Mutoro Wako Une Ngozi
Ichi ndicho chinhu chisingawanikwe nevazhinji vanopa gwara, uye pamwe chinonyanya kukosha pakushanda. Zviteshi zviviri zvinogona kutaura kuti zvinokwanisa kutora kirasi yengozi, asi zvichave zvakasiyana chaizvo muchokwadi, nekuti pakupedzisira kugamuchirwa kunoenderana nemutemo chaiwo wechiteshi, kugona kwekuchengetedza kuripo uye kuti zviremera zvemunharaunda zvakapedza sei kuongorora kuchengetedzeka. Rondedzero iri pazasi yakavakirwa pamafambiro akakura achipinda muna 2026, asi mutemo wekutakura zvinhu zvine njodzi pachiteshi chakati cheChina unogona kuchinja pasina chiziviso cheveruzhinji, saka funga nezveizvi senzvimbo yekutanga yekutaura neanokutumira kwete vimbiso.
| Chikamu cheChiteshi chePachiteshi / Chiteshi cheKuendesa | Kugamuchirwa Kwekirasi Yengozi Yakajairika | Mashoko Anobatsira |
| Shanghai (Yangshan / Waigaoqiao) | Rudzi rwakakura, asi runosiyana zvichienderana nemagumo uye nenzvimbo yekurara | Zvinoda mushumo wekuziva makemikari ane njodzi uye wekupatsanura webato rechitatu unotumirwa zuva rimwe chete ngarava isati yasvika. Mhute yechando yakakomberedza nzvimbo yakadzika yeYangshan inogona kusundira mahwindo kumashure. |
| Ningbo-Zhoushan | Kugamuchirwa kwakakura kunosanganisira lithium battery cargo | Zvakakodzera kune vanotumira kunze kwenyika vanobva kuZhejiang. Materminals pano ave achida mishumo yekuyedzwa yeUN38.3 pabhukingi yega yega mabhatiri e lithium kubvira muna 2025, uye kusimbiswa kwemutemo kunowanzo enderana kwete kwemwaka. |
| Shenzhen (Yantian / Chiwan / Shekou) | Makirasi 2.2, 3, 5.1, 8, uye 9 pazviteshi zvakawanda zvinoshandisa DG | Haasi ese mapoteri ari muShenzhen cluster anotakura zvinhu zvine njodzi, uye kontena riri panzvimbo imwe rinogona kudzoserwa kune imwe makiromita mashoma pasi pemugwagwa. Gara uchisimbisa padanho repachiteshi, kwete padanho repachiteshi chete. |
| Qingdao | Yakasimba pamakemikari, mabhatiri, uye zvinhu zvinorema zveDG zvemaindasitiri | Kuvandudzwa kwezvishandiso zvemagetsi munguva pfupi yapfuura kwakaderedza kudzoserwa kwengarava, uye huwandu hwakatsaurirwa hweDG dura hwave huchiwedzera, izvo zvinobatsira nekurambwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu munguva yekupisa. |
| Xiamen | Yakaganhurirwa, uye iri kudzikira pane mamwe ma sub-terminals | Mamwe ma terminal madiki munzvimbo yeXiamen akarega kubata zvinhu zvine njodzi mumakore apfuura. Musafunga kuti routing yegore rapera ichiri kushanda; simbisai sub-terminal chaiyo musati mabhuka. |
| Tianjin / Xingang | Nyaya nenhamba, kazhinji dzakasimba kupfuura zviteshi zvekumaodzanyemba | Zviteshi zvekuchamhembe zvakaramba zvichitevedzera mitemo yakaoma yekudzivirira njodzi kubva pakaitika chiitiko chechiteshi chengarava muna 2015, uye kubvumidzwa kuno kunowanzotora nguva yakareba uye kunosanganisira ongororo yakawanda yemuno. |
| Guangzhou (Nansha) | Zviri pakati nepakati uye zvinokura | Imwe nzira inoshanda yekutumira mabhatiri nemakemikari kuSouth China kana nzvimbo dzekuYantian dzakazara kana kuti nzvimbo dzine njodzi dzakaganhurirwa kwenguva pfupi ikoko. |
Kune mamwe maitiro akakosha kupfuura zvatataura. Zviteshi zvekumaodzanyemba zvakatenderedza Pearl River Delta, kunyanya Shenzhen cluster, kazhinji ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushanda kune vagadziri vemabhatiri nemagetsi vekuSouth China, asi kushanda ikoko kwakanangana nechiteshi, kwete chiteshi chose. Zviteshi zvekumabvazuva zvakatenderedza Shanghai neNingbo zvine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinotakura uye zvivakwa zvezvinhu zvine njodzi zvakanyanya izvo zvinoita kuti zvizivikanwe zviri nyore asi zvakanyorwa zvakanyanya. Zviteshi zvekumaodzanyemba, izvo dzimwe nguva zvine nguva yakareba yekutungamira, zvagara zviri zvakachengeteka mushure mekuputika kukuru kwechiteshi muna 2015 kwakachinja mutemo wehazmat munharaunda yese.
Kana chiteshi chinofarirwa chisingade kugamuchira boka renjodzi, Hong Kong dzimwe nguva inogona kuva imwe nzira inoshanda yekufambisa zvinhu zvinoendeswa kunzvimbo dzekugovera zvinhu munyika. Kuchinja zvinhu zvinotumirwa kubva kuLCL kuenda kuzvinhu zvakawanda zvinogonawo kuwedzera mikana yekugamuchirwa, sezvo nzvimbo zhinji dzinoisa mitemo yakareruka pazvinhu zvine njodzi zveFCL pane kutakura zvinhu zveLCL zvakabatana zvinogovana zvinhu zvine njodzi.
Mabhatiri eLithium: Chikamu Chinogumbura Anenge Munhu Wese
Mabhatiri eLithium ane kodzero yekushanda ega sezvo ari iwo ega manyuko makuru ematambudziko ekutumira zvinhu kubva kuChina, nehuwandu. China ichiri kutungamira pasi rose mukutengeswa kwemasero eLithium, mapaketi emabhatiri nemidziyo inoshandiswa nemabhatiri, uye mamiriro ekutonga akatenderedza zvigadzirwa izvi akachinja zvakanyanya muna 2026.
Kushandiswa kwemagetsi kwakakosha zvikuru. Mabhatiri anounzwa nendege anowanzo ganhurira ku30 muzana yekuchaja, uye chero chinhu chinodarika 100 watt-awa hachibvumirwi mundege dzinotakura vanhu zvachose, zvichingofamba nendege dzakatsaurirwa zvinhu. Zviteshi zvakawanda zvinorerutsa kushandiswa kwemagetsi panguva yekuchaja. mitoro yegungwa, zvisinei mamwe materminal anoiganhurirawo kusvika pa30 muzana. Mamwe anobvumira huwandu hwakakura zvichienderana neboka rekutakura zvinhu uye huwandu hwacho.
Mitemo miviri mitsva yemuno yeChina inopa nhanho itsva yakanangana nekutakura zvinhu zvemabhatiri: imwe ine chekuita nekuchengetedzeka kwemabhatiri e lithium anofambiswa nengarava, uye imwe ine chekuita nekufamba kwezvinhu zvemabhatiri, zvese zvakatanga kushanda kusvika muna 2026. Mhedzisiro yezvinodiwa zveUN38.3 zvepasi rose pamwe nezvikamu zvemabhatiri zveIMDG zvakagadziridzwa ndeyekuti kutumirwa kwemabhatiri ikozvino kwave kuongororwa zvakanyanya pakutanga kwemaitiro acho, kazhinji panguva yekubhuka, pane matambudziko anomuka chete kana zvinhu zvasvika pachiteshi.
Kusarudza Mutengesi Anogona Kutakura Zvinhu Zvine Ngozi
Kutamisa zvinhu zvine njodzi ndeimwe yemienzaniso yakajeka apo kusarudza kutumira zvinhu kunochinja mhedzisiro, kwete kungoti mutengo chete. Munhu anotumira zvinhu asina vashandi vane certification yeDG haakwanise kusaina zviri pamutemo chiziviso cheIMDG. Munhu anotumira zvinhu asina hukama hwakasimba pachiteshi chakapihwa haawanzo kuwana mhinduro yakajeka yekuti chiteshi ichocho chichatora kirasi yengozi mwedzi uno here, tisingatauri nezvevhiki rino.
Zvinhu zvidiki zvekushanda izvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha pakushanda kweTopway Shipping, iyo iri muzinda weShenzhen, iyo yave ichishanda kubvira muna 2010. Chikwata chekutanga chine ruzivo rwemakore anopfuura gumi nemashanu mukutakura zvinhu pasi rose nekubvisirwa kwemitero, chine ruzivo rwakadzama mumigwagwa yekutakura zvinhu pakati peChina neUS ine mabhatiri akawanda uye zvinhu zvemagetsi zvevatengi. Topway Shipping inogona kufukidza zvese zvekutakura zvinhu kubva pakutakura zvinhu kubva kufekitori nekuchengetera zvinhu kunze kwenyika kusvika pakubvisirwa kwemitero nekuendeswa kwemitero kwekupedzisira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinogona kuteverwa nekugadziriswa padanho rega rega, kwete kungopfuudzwa pakati pevanhu vasina kubatana vanongoona chikamu chimwe chete cherwendo.
Kune vanotumira kunze kwenyika vanofunga nezveFCL vs. LCL pavanenge vachibhuka zvinhu zvine njodzi, Topway Shipping inopa masevhisi ekutakura zvinhu mugungwa zvine mutoro wemumagaba akazara uye asina mutoro wemumagaba akawanda kubva kuChina kuenda kumachiteshi makuru pasi rose, uye zvakakosha kune zvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu zvehazmat nekuti mitemo yekutakura zvinhu inowanzo farira kubhuka kweFCL pane midziyo inogovaniswa. Kune mukana wekushanda nefourderer iri muShenzhen kune avo vanotumira zvinhu kubva kuPearl River Delta manufacturing base - pedyo neterminals pachadzo zvinoreva mhinduro dzinokurumidza kana mutemo weDG wenzvimbo yakatarwa uchichinja, pane nhungamiro yakajairika ingave yatove yekare.
Zvikanganiso Zvakajairika Zvinoita Kuti Kubhuka Kurambwe
Zvikanganiso zvishoma zvakafanana zvinogona kudzivirirwa zvinokonzera kurambwa kweDG kunoshamisa. Dambudziko rinowanzoitika nderekuti chigadzirwa hachina kurongwa zvakanaka sezvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu sezvo pasina akanyatsoongorora SDS, uye inowanzoonekwa panguva yakaipa zvikuru, mushure mekunge mudziyo wazadzwa zvakakwana uye kubhuka kwechikepe kwapera.
Kumashure kune magadzirirwo emabhatiri asina kuenzana. Chiteshi chinogona kuramba kutumira kana kuiisa chiratidzo kuti chiongororwe kana chikataura magadzirirwo epaketi imwe chete uye katoni ine magadzirirwo akasiyana, kunyangwe paine musiyano muhuwandu hwemasero kana waya, semuenzaniso. Magwaro aripo asi asingaenderane—akadai seSDS inotaura nezveIMDG edition yekare kana chitupa chekurongedza chakatangira kuputirwa chaiko—zvinoita kuti pave nezvinetso zvakafanana, zvichiratidza kune muongorori kuti chimwe chinhu chiri mupepa hachina kugadziriswa nemazvo.
Chimwe chikonzero chekunonoka kwenzira dzekufambisa ngarava gore rapera chichiri kushanda. Mutemo weChina wekuchengetedza chiteshi chengarava nechiteshi chengarava wave uchitevera nzira yekufamba pasina kuziviswa kweveruzhinji, dzimwe nguva uchisimbiswa mushure mechiitiko chekuchengetedza chisina kubatana chero kupi zvako munyika, dzimwe nguva uchidzikira sezvo huwandu hutsva hweDG hwavepo. Zvakashanda zvakanaka mwedzi gumi nemiviri yapfuura hazvisi vimbiso yekuti zvichashanda nhasi.
mhedziso
Kubudirira kutumira zvinhu zvine njodzi kubva kuChina kunoreva kusvika pakutevedzera mitemo senzira inotanga padanho rekutsvaga zvinhu, kwete sefomu rekuzadza usati wabhuka. Kuita kuti nhamba yeUN neZita reKutumira Rakakodzera zvive zvakarurama, kugadzira magwaro akazara uye akafanana mukati, kurongedza nekunyora mazita zvakanyatsoenderana nemitemo yeIMDG kana IATA, uye - chinonyanya kukosha - kusimbisa chiteshi chaicho nechiteshi chichatakura zvinhu mwedzi uno, pane kuvimba nepfungwa dzekare, pamwe chete zvinosarudza kana zvinhu zvinotumirwa zvichibuda nenguva kana kuti zviri muyadhi zvichiwedzera muripo wekuchengetedza.
Nekuti mutemo wekugamuchira ma ports ekuChina unogona kuchinja nekukurumidza uye pasina yambiro yakawanda, nzira yakachengeteka ndeyekushandisa munhu anotumira zvinhu ane ruzivo rwemazuva ano pamusoro pemutemo we terminal pane kungoziva zviri mumutemo chete. Kutumira ikoko kunogona kunge kuri huwandu hwe lithium battery packs, aerosol product kana chemical compound iyo yakawanikwa svondo rapfuura kuti inoda UN number zvachose. Asi kuwana classification uye routing container isati yaiswa zvinhu kuchiri kudhura zvakanyanya pane kuigadzirisa mushure mekuramba.
FAQs
Mubvunzo: Ndingatumira zvigadzirwa zvebhatiri re lithium kubva kuChina ndisina mushumo wekuyedza weUN38.3 here?
A: Kwete mune zvinenge zvese. Kubva muna 2025, zviteshi zvengarava zvakaita seNingbo zvave kukumbira magwaro eUN38.3 ekubhuka mabhatiri e lithium, uye zvimwe zviteshi zvengarava zvikuru zveChina zvino zvinotarisira kuti ive tsika yakajairika yekutakura zvinhu mugungwa nendege.
Mubvunzo: Zvinodhura here kutumira zvinhu zvine njodzi nechikepe kana nendege kubva kuChina?
A: Kazhinji, gungwa rakachipa zvikuru pazvinhu zvine njodzi - kazhinji rakachipa kashanu kusvika kagumi pane mhepo pazvinhu zvakafanana. Asi mhepo ichiri yakakodzera kutakura mabhatiri madiki, ekukurumidzira anorema anenge 800kg anosangana nezvinodiwa zvehurumende.
Mubvunzo: Ko materminal ese ari mukati mechiteshi chimwe chete chekuChina anogamuchira makirasi akafanana enjodzi here?
A: Kwete, kwete zvachose. Kugamuchirwa kuri padanho rechiteshi, kwete padanho rechiteshi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti boka renjodzi rinobvumirwa panzvimbo imwe chete pachiteshi chakaita seShenzhen kana Shanghai rinogona kuganhurirwa kana kurambwa pane imwe nzvimbo muguta rimwe chete rechiteshi.
Mubvunzo: Chii chinoitika kana chigadzirwa changu chikazova zvinhu zvine njodzi mushure mekunge ndatochibhuka sezvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu zvakawanda?
A: Kazhinji kubhuka kunorambwa kana kumira kana musiyano wacho waonekwa uye zvinhu zvinotumirwa zvinofanirwa kurongwazve, kurongwazve uye kunyorwazve zvisati zvafamba izvo zvinowanzo kukonzera kunonoka uye mari yekuwedzera zvichienzaniswa nekuzviisa muzvikamu nemazvo pakutanga.
Mubvunzo: Ko munhu anotumira zvinhu asina chitupa cheDG anogona here kubata zvinhu zvangu zvine njodzi?
A: Kwete. Kuzivisa nezvezvinhu zvine njodzi zveIMDG neIATA kunogona kusainwa chete nevashandi vakadzidziswa uye vane magwaro ekudzidziswa uye chitupa chezvinhu zvine njodzi. Munhu akasaina asina kudzidziswa uye asina chitupa chezvinhu zvine njodzi anogona kushayisa magwaro ekutumira zvinhu izvozvo simba.
