Kutumirwa kubva kuChina kuenda kuGermany: Kuronga bhajeti yeMPF, HMF uye Mari dzeBroker

 

Kana wakambowana mashoko ekuti zvinhu zvinotakura kubva kuChina zvichienda kuUS, waona mapfupiso ekuti MPF neHMF. Anowanikwa pamabhiri emitero, akaiswa mukuverenga mari yekutenga zvinhu zvinotengeswa uye vanotumira zvinhu vanogara vachiataura pavanotaura nezvenzira dzePacific. Saka inyaya ine musoro kune munhu ari kutumira zvinhu kuGermany: Mari dzakafanana dzinoshandiswa here, uye kana dzisiri, dzinotsiviwa nei painvoice? Gwaro iri rinobata nemubvunzo uyu zvakananga, rinoparura mutengo chaiwo wekutumira zvinhu kubva kuChina kuenda kuGermany kana zvangobvumidzwa muHamburg, Bremerhaven kana Rotterdam-zvakatumirwa kune munhu wekuGerman, uye rinokuratidza maitiro ekugadzira bhajeti remutengo wekutenga zvinhu zvisingazoparadzwe nechinhu chinongoerekana chaitika mumavhiki matatu chiri kufamba.

Pfupiso (yatichatsanangura zvakadzama pazasi) ndeyekuti MPF (Merchandise Processing Fee) neHMF (Harbour Maintenance Fee) mari inounganidzwa chete neUS Customs and Border Protection yekutakura zvinhu zvinopinda pazviteshi zveUS. Sezvo iri chikamu cheEuropean Union customs union, Germany haibhadharisi muripo kana VAT. Pane kudaro, mutoro unoenda kuGermany unobatwa neEU customs duty, German import VAT (Einfuhrumsatzsteuer) uye chero clearance uye agency zvinobhadharisa broker muripo kuti ape chiziviso. Kune kambani yekutengesa inotumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika kuUS nekuEU, kuziva kuti zvirongwa zviviri zvekubhadhara zvakakamurwa kupi - uye kuti pfungwa huru yebhajeti yakafanana sei - ndiko kunoita kuti spreadsheet yemutengo wepasi ive yakarurama kumativi ese eAtlantic.

Sei MPF neHMF Zvisinganyoreri Kutumira Zvinhu kuGermany

MPF muripo wevashandisi vehurumende yeUS unobhadhariswa panzira dzese dzepamutemo dzekupinda muUS pasinei nemafambiro ekufambisa. Mugore remari ra2026, muripo unobhadhariswa pa0.3464 muzana yemutengo wezvinhu, kusabvisa zvinhu zvinotakura neinishuwarenzi, nepasi nedenga zvinogadziriswa neCBP gore rega rega. HMF yakamanikana, inoshanda chete pazvinhu zvinosvika nengarava yegungwa pachiteshi cheUS, uye inobhadhariswa pamutengo wakaenzana we0.125 muzana yemutengo wezvinhu zvinotakura pasina muganho wepasi kana wepamusoro. Mari dzese dziri mbiri dzave dziripo nekuti dziri mumutemo weUS: Mutemo weConsolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation weMPF; uye Mutemo weWater Resources Development wa1986 weHMF. EU ine sisitimu yemutemo nemitero yakasiyana zvachose, inonzi Union Customs Code. Germany haina chinhu chakafanana.

Musiyano iwoyo unoita mutsauko mukushanda, kana zvisiri maererano nezvinodiwa. Munhu anotumira zvinhu anokopa template yeUS land-cost ongochinja nzvimbo yekuenda kuchiteshi cheGerman anogona kuguma nebhajeti rakakwidzwa zvakanyanya kana, zvakanyanya kuipa, harisanganisire mari chaiyo yeEU zvachose. Mapoka emari akasiyana zvikuru. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine mwero wacho, kukosha kwacho uye nzira yaro yekubhadhara kuburikidza neZoll (customs) administration uye ATLAS electronic declaration system yeGermany.

Zvinonyatsoonekwa paBhiri reCustoms kubva kuChina kuenda kuGermany

Kazhinji, kana uchibvisa zvinhu uchishandisa mitero yeGerman, pane zvinhu zvitatu zvaunobhadharirwa: mutero wemitero yemitero, VAT yekupinda munyika, uye muripo wekubvisa zvinhu kana wesangano unobhadhariswa nemunhu wese anokupa chiziviso. Panogonawo kunge paine zvimwe zvinhu zvinobhadhariswa, zvichienderana nezvinhu zviri kutengeswa uye chiteshi, zvakaita semari yekuongorora, kana kuderedzwa kwemitengo yemidziyo kana zvinhu zvikasaririra mukati menguva yemahara. Tafura inotevera inopfupikisa zvinhu zvikuru zvinofanirwa kubhajetwa nemutumi.

Cost Component	Ndiani Anozvibhadharisa	Hwaro Hwakajairika / Mwero
Mutero weCustoms	Tsika dzeEU / dzeGerman (Zoll)	0% kusvika pa12% yeCIF, zvichienderana neHS code uye kwayakabva
Import VAT (Einfuhrumsatzsteuer)	Chiremera chemitero cheGerman kuburikidza neZoll	19% mwero wakajairika; 7% mwero wakaderera wezvikamu zvakasarudzwa
Mari yekubvisirwa kwemitero / muripo webroker	Mutengesi wezvinhu kana mutengesi ane rezinesi	Mari yekupinda pamutengo wakaenzana, inowanzo bhadhara kubva pa40 kusvika ku150 EUR
Destination terminal kubata	Chiteshi chechiteshi / mutakuri	Mari yakatarwa pamudziyo wega wega, inosiyana zvichienderana nechiteshi
Mari yekuongorora kana yebvunzo yekusarudza	Zoll, kana mutoro wakasarudzwa kuti uongororwe	Inobhadhariswa chete kana bvunzo yemuviri yatanga

Mutero neVAT zvinoverengerwa chimwe mushure mechimwe kwete padivi nepadivi. Hurumende yeGerman inotanga yaongorora zvinhu zvinotumirwa neCIF - mutengo, inishuwarenzi uye kutakura zvinhu - uye yaisa mutero wemutero wakabatana neHS code yechigadzirwa. Zvadaro mari iyoyo inowedzerwa pamwe chete uye VAT inoiswa pamusoro, saka mutumi anobhadhariswa mutero pamwe chete nezvigadzirwa. Saka, mutoro weEUR 10,000 une mutero we12 muzana unobhadhara EUR 1,200, uye VAT ye19 muzana inozoshandiswa kuEUR 11,200, iyo inoburitsa EUR 2,128 muVAT. Mari yese yekupinza zvinhu pamutengo mumwe chete iyoyo inosvika EUR 3,328 isati yabatanidzwa chero muripo webroker kana wekubata zvinhu.

VAT yekupinda muGerman mumashoko asina kujeka

Kune vazhinji vanotenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika, mutengo mukuru unorasika pavanotanga kutumira zvinhu kuGermany iEinfuhrumsatzsteuer, kana kuti import VAT. Inopfuura mutero wezvinhu zvakawanda zvinotengwa nevatengi, mutero wemitero unowanzova munhamba imwe chete yakaderera, pa19 muzana yemutengo wemutero unosanganisira mutero. Rondedzero diki yezvinhu zvinosanganisira mabhuku, zvimwe zvekudya nezvimwe zvinhu zvisingabhadharwe zvinobhadhariswa mutero pamutengo wakaderera we7 muzana. Zvinhu zvakawanda, zvemagetsi, mbatya nezvimwe zvinhu zvemaindasitiri zvinobhadhariswa mutero pamutengo wakajairika.

Kune makambani akanyoreswa VAT akavambwa muEU kana nemumiriri wezvemari wekuGermany, pane mari shoma: VAT yekupinza inobhadharwa pamuganhu inowanzo dzorerwa semutero wekupinda paVAT inotevera, saka inoshanda zvakanyanya semutengo wemari kupfuura mutengo chaiwo. Zvisinei, VAT inofanirwa kubhadharwa zvizere panguva yekubvumidzwa, zvichireva kuti inofanirwa kurongwa semari chaiyo, yakakurumidza kushandiswa kunyangwe ikadzoserwa gare gare.

Mari dzeBroker neCustoms Clearance

Nguva dzese zvinhu pazvinounzwa zviri pamutemo kunzvimbo yekutonga yeEU, chiziviso chemitero chinofanira kuendeswa kuburikidza neATLAS system uye mumwe munhu anofanira kuchiendesa - kungave mutengesi iye pachake kana aine ruzivo rweEORI rwunodiwa uye ruzivo rwemukati kana kuti ane rezinesi rekutengesa zvinhu kana mutengesi wemitero anomumiririra. Mari yebroker yekupinda mubhizinesi muGermany inowanzova EUR 40 kusvika EUR 150 pakupinda, asi muripo unogona kuwedzera wekutumira zvinhu zvinoda mvumo chaiyo, kubata zvinhu zvakarambidzwa kana kuongororwa nemaoko.

Kune vanotumira zvinhu vane huwandu hwakakamurwa munzira mbiri mubhizinesi, zvinonakidza kuenzanisa izvi neUS. MPF chete pakupinda muUS inogona kubva paUSD 33 kusvika kuUSD 651 yekupinda zviri pamutemo muna 2026. HMF inowedzera imwe 0.125 muzana isina muganho. Kutumirwa kwezvinhu mugungwa kwakakosha kunogona kuve nemari yehurumende yeUS yakabatana kupfuura zvinobhadhariswa nemutengesi wekuGerman pakutumira zvinhu chete. Saka, hurongwa hwemitengo yeGerman hunobvisa mutoro kubva pamari yehurumende yepamutemo uye kuenda kumubatanidzwa wemutero neVAT. Hurongwa hweUS hunoisa mari yevashandisi veCBP pamusoro pemutero. Hapana musika wakachipa zvakanyanya kuti ubviswe, mari inongoguma yave mumabhaketi akasiyana painvoice.

Vatengesi vezvinhu vanotenga zvinhu pamigwagwa yeChina-Germany vanowanzobatanidza muripo webroker mumutsetse wemari yekuenda kana mumutsetse wekubvisa zvinhu, saka zvakakosha kubvunza kana muripo neVAT zvichitarisirwa pasina muripo wekubvisa zvinhu. Mitengo yakaunganidzwa uye inopa nhamba imwe chete yemari yekuenda inowanzo vhara VAT, iyo inonyanya kukonzera bhajeti rakaderera.

FCL, LCL, uye Maitiro Ekusarudza Modhi Kunokanganisa Total Bill

Kutakura zvinhu mugungwa kubva kuChina kuenda kuGermany kuburikidza netranshipment hub (Rotterdam, Antwerp, Hamburg, kana Bremerhaven) kunowanikwa mu full-container-load (FCL) service kune zvakawanda uye less-than-container-load (LCL) service kune zvinhu zvidiki zvakabatanidzwa. Mutero wemitero yeGerman neVAT zvinotarwa paCIF value, iyo inosanganisira mutengo wekutakura zvinhu pachazvo. Saka mwero wekutakura zvinhu mugungwa unoiswa nemutumi unokanganisa zvakananga bhiri remutero, kwete invoice yekutumira chete, uye mhedzisiro yacho inowedzera.

Ichi chinhu chinofanira kufungwa nemutumi wezvinhu pamusoro pezvinhu zviri pachena zvenguva yekufambisa uye mutengo wekutakura pachikamu chimwe nechimwe pakusarudza pakati peFCL neLCL. Kubatanidzwa kweLCL kunogona kuderedza chikamu chekutakura cheCIF kukosha pakutakura kudiki, izvo zvinoderedza mutero neVAT zvishoma, kunyangwe FCL inowanzopa mwero wekutakura wakaderera pachikamu chimwe nechimwe pahuwandu uye nyore kubata panzvimbo yaunoda. Chitima chekutakura kuburikidza neChina-Europe corridor nenzvimbo dzayo dzemukati dzakadai seDuisburg ikozvino yava sarudzo yepakati inovimbika kune vanotumira zvinhu vanoda kutakurwa nekukurumidza kupfuura gungwa asi vasina mutengo wepamusoro wemhepo, uye iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya nemakambani ari kuedza kuchengetedza huwandu hwezvinhu zviri muchitoro husina kusimba pasina kubhadhara mitengo yekutakura zvinhu nendege.

Muenzaniso weBhajeti Yemari Yakawanikwa

Heino tsananguro iri nyore yemutengo wepasi pevhu wekontena remamita makumi mana rine zvigadzirwa zvinotumirwa neFCL kubva kuchiteshi cheSouth China kuenda kuHamburg, rine mutengo wezvinhu zvakaziviswa weEUR 40,000 uye mutero we6 muzana unofungidzirwa, kuti tipe pfungwa yezvikamu zvinofamba:

Line Item	Mari (EUR)	Notes
Kukosha kwezvinhu (FOB)	40,000	Kukosha kweinivhosi yekutengeserana
Ocean wekutakura + inishuwarenzi	3,200	Inowedzera kukosha kweCIF kune zvinangwa zvemitero
Kukosha kweCIF kwetsika	43,200	Hwaro hwekuverenga mabasa
Mutero weCustoms (6%)	2,592	Mutengo unoenderana neHS-code
VAT yekupinda munyika (19% yeCIF + mutero)	8,690	Zvinokwanisika kudzoserwa kune vanopinza zvinhu vakanyoreswa muVAT
Muripo webroker / muripo wekubvisa mari	120	Mari yakatarwa, inosiyana zvichienderana nekutumira
Mari yose inofungidzirwa yekusvika panzvimbo yacho	54,602	Hazvibatanidzi kutakura marori emunyika kusvika kunzvimbo yekupedzisira

Nhamba dziri pamusoro apa dzinoratidza, kwete mutengo wechero chinhu chakatumirwa. Mitengo yemutero inosiyana zvichienderana neHS code uye mitengo yemutero inoenderana nekuchinja kwemusika. Asi huwandu hwacho hunonzwisisika. VAT inowanzoita kuti mutero uye muripo webroker zvisashande pamwe chete. Chero chirongwa chekuronga chinoona VAT sechikanganiso chekutenderera zvinhu chichakanganiswa nechinhu chakakosha.

Matanho Anoshanda Ekuwana Bhajeti Yakakodzera

Chinhu chimwe chete chaunogona kuita zvakanaka panguva yese iyi ndechekusimbisa kodhi chaiyo yeHS zvinhu zvisati zvabva kumugadziri, nekuti izvi zvinoisa mutero wemutero uye zvisina kunanga hwaro hweVAT. Kuisa zvinhu muzvikamu zvisirizvo kunogona kutungamira kumari yekubhadharisa zvishoma, kunonoka kubviswa kwezvinhu, kana kugadziriswa kusingafadzi mwedzi mushure mekunge zvigadzirwa zvatotengeswa. Zvakakoshawo kuona kana chirimwa chinotumira kunze kwenyika muChina chine kodzero yekubata chero chinhu chakakosha kana magwaro anogona kukanganisa kwakabva uye kukoshesa kwakanyorwa, sezvo nzvimbo yakabva zvisiri izvo iri chimwe chezvinhu zvinowanzo kukonzera kuongororwa kwemitengo.

Asi chinhu chakakosha kuita kukumbira muridzi wezvinhu zvinofambiswa nemotokari kuti akupe mutengo wakanyorwa, pane kukumbira mari imwe chete yekutenga zvinhu zvinofambiswa nemotokari. Kana muridzi wemotokari akakupa mutengo wemutero wegungwa, wekugadzirisa zvinhu, wekubvisa zvinhu kubva mumotokari uye akakupa huwandu hwemutero neVAT, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuona muridzi wemotokari anotaura nhamba yakaderera yemotokari uye obva aisa mutengo wacho mumutengo wacho nepfungwa dzisingatarisirwi. Izvi zvakavimbika zvikuru pakuronga mari kupfuura nhamba imwe chete.

Kana bhizinesi rako richida kupinza zvinhu muGermany nguva nenguva, unogona kurerutsa mari inobuda nekunyorera Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) status kana account yekunonoka kwemitero, iyo inokutendera kuti unonoke kubhadhara VAT yekupinza zvinhu kusvika musi wa26 wemwedzi unotevera, pane kuibhadhara ipapo ipapo pamuganhu. Uyu mutsauko mukuru kune mabhizinesi anotumira macontainer akawanda pamwedzi, sezvo VAT float yoga inogona kugadzira shanduko huru yemari.

Magwaro Anochengetedza Nguva Yekubvumidzwa Kwebasa Iri Pagwara

Hafu yehurongwa uhwu ndeyekugadzirisa mari yemutero nemazvo. Hafu imwe iri kuona kuti magwaro haawedzeri mazuva akarongwa (uye, nekudaro, mari yekuchengetera yakarongwa kana yekudzikisa mutengo) panguva yakatarwa. Kuti munhu apinde muGermany nguva dzose, invoice yekutengeserana, iyo inofanirwa kuenderana chaizvo nemutengo wakaratidzwa pakuzivisa kwemitengo, runyorwa rwekurongedza, gwaro rekutakura zvinhu, uye kana paine muripo wemutengo wakasarudzwa, gwaro rekwakabva kana kuzivisa kwemutengesi zvinodiwa. Tsika dzeGerman dzinoongorora mapepa aya zvakanyatsonaka, uye kunyangwe musiyano mudiki wakaita sehuremu huri parunyorwa rwekutakura zvinhu usingaenderane negwaro rekutakura zvinhu zvakakwana kuti zvitange kuongororwa nevanhu.

Mabhizinesi ari kunze kweEU anofanirawo kutarisa kana achida kugadza mumiriri wezvemari kuti agadzirise mabasa eVAT, sezvo munhu asiri weEU anopinza zvinhu zvisiri pamutemo asingakwanise kugara achidzosa VAT yekupinza zvinhu nenzira imwecheteyo nebhizinesi rakanyoreswa muEU. Ichi chinhu chinoshamisa chinowanzo furatirwa nevatengesi vanotumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika avo vajaira mitemo yezvinyorwa zviri nyore kudivi reUS uko pfungwa yemumiriri wemari isiripo nenzira imwecheteyo.

Zvikanganiso Zvakajairika Pakugadzirisa Bhajeti Mugwagwa Uyu

Chikanganiso chikuru ndechekufunga kuti mutengo wekutakura ndiwo mutengo wese wekutumira zvigadzirwa pamusuwo wemutengi wekuGermany. Kutakura zvinhu mugungwa uye mafambiro ekuenda zviri pachena uye zviri nyore kuenzanisa pakati pevanotumira zvinhu, uye ichi ndicho chikonzero nei zvichinyanya kutariswa, nepo mutero neVAT zvichiverengerwa gare gare uye zvinowanzoonekwa sekufungidzira kusvika zvinhu zvatumirwa zvapera. Chimwe chikanganiso chakajairika ndechekufungidzira kuti mutero wemutero unotarwa pachigadzirwa chimwe chete uchashanda kune chinhu chinoita sechinofanana; kusiyana kudiki mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu kana kushandiswa kwaunoda kunogona kutamisa kodhi yeHS, uye nekudaro mutero wemutero, wakakwana kusiyanisa huwandu hwese nemazana emaeuro pamudziyo mumwe chete.

Chimwe chikanganiso chinofanira kutaurwa ndechekusakoshesa kukosha kweCIF valuation approach. Nekuti kukosha kwemutero kunosanganisira kutakura zvinhu neinishuwarenzi isati yabhadharwa uye VAT zvinoonekwa, munhu anotumira zvinhu anenge achitaura nezvemutengo wakaderera wekutakura zvinhu haasi kungochengetedza mari chete pamutsetse wekutakura zvinhu - ari kudzikisawo mutero wezvinhu zvese zvinotumirwa. Panguva ino, dzimwe nzira dzekutakura zvinhu dzepamusoro kana dzinokurumidza dzinokwezva nekuti dzinokurumidza dzinogona kuwedzera mutero uye VAT inobhadharwa chinyararire.

Zvinobatsirawo kuronga mari inosvika kueuro chaiyo, uye kuvaka mumutsara wezvinotarisirwa. Mitengo yekutakura zvinhu munzira yeChina neEurope inochinja nekuwedzera kwemafuta uye kugona kwemwaka, kududzirwa kweHS-code kunogona kuchinjwa uye kufamba kwemari yekutsinhana pakati peyuan, mazwi edhora anoshandiswa nevanotengesa, uye euro inoongororwa netsika zvinogona kukanganisa huwandu hwese hwemari. Kune vazhinji vanotumirwa kekutanga munzira iyi, mutero we5 kusvika ku10 muzana pamusoro pemari inotarisirwa yemutero neVAT idambudziko rechokwadi, uye rinogona kusimbiswa mushure mekunge kambani yawana mamwe mashoko akazadzwa ekuenzanisa.

Kana Mubatsiri weZvifambiso Akawana Mari Yake

Topway Shipping ikambani inopa mabasa ekutakura zvinhu kuburikidza neindaneti iri muShenzhen, yakavambwa muna 2010. Chikwata ichi chine makore anopfuura gumi nemashanu eruzivo rwekutakura zvinhu kubva kunze kwenyika. Kunyange hazvo chikwata ichi chakadzika midzi muChina-US. Nezvekutakura, mabasa ekambani iyi anofukidza zvese kutakura zvinhu kusanganisira kutakura zvinhu kubva pakutanga kusvika mhiri kwemakungwa. warehousing, kubviswa kwemidziyo yemutero uye kutakura zvinhu nekukurumidza, pamwe chete nemabasa ekutakura zvinhu mugungwa anochinjika-chinja-chinja kubva kuChina kuenda kuzviteshi zvikuru pasi rese, kusanganisira Germany.

Kune munhu anotumira zvinhu ari kuedza kuyananisa maitiro eUS ekugadzirisa bhajeti nemamiriro ezvinhu eEU, kushanda nemunhu anoshanda nenzira dzese dzekutengeserana kunobatsira zvechokwadi: zvinoreva kuti mutengo waunogamuchira wakagadzirwa nechikwata chinonzwisisa kuti sei MPF neHMF zvisingapfuurire kuHamburg, uye chinogona kukuratidza maitiro emutero neVAT anoshanda, mutsetse nemutsetse, mudziyo usati wambobuda pachiteshi. Rudzi irworwo rwekujekesa padanho rekutaura zvinhu kazhinji ndirwo runoparadzanisa bhajeti remari inotarwa kubva kune rinochinjwa kaviri mushure mekunge zvinhu zvafamba.

 

mhedziso

MPF neHMF mari dzekupinza zvinhu muUS, period, uye hadzionekwi pabhiri remitero yezvinhu zvinopinda muGermany. Iyo inoratidza - mutero wemitero, VAT yekupinza zvinhu muGerman pa19 muzana (kana 7 muzana yezvinhu zvidiki), uye muripo webroker kana muripo wekubvisa zvinhu kuti uzadze chirevo - ine pfungwa dzayo, apo VAT inogara iri chinhu chikuru uye chinonyanya kufungidzirwa zvakanyanya. Zvinoshamisa zvakanyanya munzira iyi zvinogona kudzivirirwa nevanotakura zvinhu vanoisa bhajeti ravo paHS code chaiyo, kumbira makotesheni akanyorwa pane mitengo yekuenda uye unonzwisisa kuti mutero neVAT zvinosanganisa sei mitengo yeCIF. Kunyangwe mutoro uchifambiswa neFCL kana LCL, negungwa kana njanji, kushanda nefourderer ane ruzivo rwechokwadi rwekuyambuka mugwagwa - anokwanisa kutsanangura zvese zviri zviviri maitiro emari ekuUS vanotakura zvinhu vangatoziva uye maitiro eEU anodzora kupinda kweGerman - anowanzoita mutsauko pakati pebhajeti rinorarama. udza mashoko netsika uye imwe isingadaro.

FAQs

Mubvunzo: MPF neHMF zvinoshanda here pakutumira zvinhu zvinopinda muGermany?

A: Kwete, kwete zvachose. Mari dzese dziri mbiri dzinobhadhariswa neUS Customs neBorder Protection chete pazvinhu zvinopinda muUnited States. Germany inobhadharisa EU chete mutero wemitero yemitero uye VAT yekupinza zvinhu kubva kuGerman, pamwe nemari yekuwedzera yebroker kana clearance.

Mubvunzo: Mari yeU.S. Merchandise Processing Fee inoenzana sei neGerman?

A: Kwete. Muenzaniso wepedyo ndewekubhadhara mari yekubvisa zvinhu kubva kumakambani kana kuti muripo wesangano unobhadhariswa nemutengesi kuti ape chiziviso, kazhinji mutengo usingachinji uye kwete chikamu chemutengo wezvinhu zvakatumirwa.

Mubvunzo: VAT yekupinza zvinhu kubva kuGerman inoverengwa sei?

A: Inoverengerwa pa19 muzana (kana 7 muzana yezvinhu zvakatarwa) yemutengo weCIF pamwe chete nemutero wemutero unobhadharwa. Saka, VAT inobhadhariswa pamutengo wemutero, pamwe chete nezvinhu nemidziyo.

Mubvunzo: VAT inopinzwa kunze kwenyika yakabhadharwa muGermany inogona kudzoserwa here?

A: Makambani akanyoreswa neVAT akaumbwa muEU, kana kuti anopinza zvinhu kuburikidza nemumiriri wezvemari anogona kudzosa VAT yekupinda mutero semutero wekupinda paVAT inotevera, asi inofanira kubhadharwa yese panguva yekubvumidzwa kwayo.

Mubvunzo: FCL kana LCL zvakachipa here pakutumira zvinhu kubva kuChina kuenda kuGermany?

A: Zvinoenderana nehuwandu. Kazhinji, FCL ine mutengo wakaderera wekutakura zvinhu zvakawanda, nepo LCL yakakodzera zvinhu zvidiki zvinotumirwa pamwe chete. Sezvo mutengo wekutakura zvinhu uchikosha pakuona kukosha kweCIF pamitero neVAT, sarudzo yemodhi inokanganisawo zvishoma mutero.

Mubvunzo: Ndinoda mumiririri wezvemitero kuti ndipinze zvinhu kuGermany here, kana kuti ndinogona kuendesa gwaro iri ndega?

A: Kana uine nhamba yeEORI uye ruzivo rwekushanda neATLAS declaration system, unogona kutumira zvakananga, asi vazhinji vanopinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika, kunyanya vanotanga kufamba mumugwagwa, vanohaya mutengesi wekutakura zvinhu kana broker akanyoreswa kuti aite basa rekunyora uye kuderedza mukana wekuti zvikanganiso zvinodhura zviitwe muzvikamu.