Ukusuka eYiwu ukuya eBelgrade: Ngaba Ifanelekile Le Premium?
Hamba kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokugcina impahla eBelgrade kwaye imeko iyafana: iishelufu ezizaliswe zizinto ezincinci, iimveliso eziqhelekileyo kunye neempahla zabathengi ezithengwa phantse kwindawo enye kuphela - iYiwu, eTshayina. Icandelo lokungenisa impahla eSerbia kudala lixhomekeke kwimarike enkulu yehlabathi yeempahla ezincinci kwaye loo nxibelelwano lukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-2024, iSerbia ingenise i-$5.55 yeebhiliyoni evela eTshayina, ukusuka kwi-$4.87 yeebhiliyoni kunyaka ophelileyo - ukunyuka kwe-14% kunyaka omnye okugxininisa indlela ebaluleke ngayo le ndlela.
Phakathi kwako konke oku, umbuzo omnye osebenzayo uyaqhubeka uvela phakathi kwabangenisi, abathengisi be-e-commerce kunye neenkampani zorhwebo: ngaba uhlawula imali eyongezelelweyo ngokuhanjiswa kwindlu ngendlu okanye ngaba enye indlela engabizi kakhulu ye-port-to-port yeyona ndlela ikrelekrele yokubheja? Isisombululo sinzima ngakumbi kunokuba uninzi lwabathengisi bezothutho beya kukuxelela. Le ngxelo inqumla ingxolo yokuthengisa, ihlalutya iindleko zokwenyani, ijonga indlela entsha yorhwebo eyenziwe yiSivumelwano soRhwebo oluKhululekileyo saseTshayina naseSerbia, kwaye ikuxelela kanye ukuba xa ukuhamba indlu ngendlu kufanelekile na kwi-dinar nganye - kwaye xa kungenjalo.
Indlela yoRhwebo yaseYiwu-Belgrade: Kutheni ibalulekile ngoku
Ubudlelwane phakathi kweTshayina neSerbia buphuhliswe busuka kunxibelelwano olucacileyo phakathi komthengi nomthengisi lwaba lolunye oorhulumente ababini ngoku abalubiza ngokuba “bubuhlobo bentsimbi.” Utyalo-mali olupheleleyo lwaseTshayina eSerbia ludlule kwi-10 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, kuquka utyalo-mali kumandla, iziseko zophuhliso, kunye nemveliso. Kodwa lurhwebo oluqhelekileyo — iikhonteyina zeempahla ezivela kwiindawo zemarike zaseYiwu ukuya kubathengisi baseSerbia — oluchaza ukubetha kwentliziyo yemihla ngemihla kwendlela.
Uphuhliso olubalulekileyo lwakutshanje siSivumelwano soRhwebo oluKhululekileyo esisebenza ngomhla woku-1 kuJulayi 2024, esenza iSerbia ibe lilizwe lokuqala laseYurophu ukusayina isivumelwano se-FTA esiphakathi kwamazwe amabini neTshayina. Iirhafu ziya kususwa kwiindidi zemveliso ezingaphezulu kwama-60% ngoko nangoko, kujoliswe kurhwebo olungenarhafu lwama-95% kwiminyaka eliqela. Oko kwenza izibalo zezithethe zahluke kakhulu kubangenisi. Iirhafu ezazikade zonyusa iindleko zokungenisa iimpahla zabathengi, ifenitshala, izinto zokudlala kunye nezixhobo nge-8–20%, ngoku ziphantsi okanye ziyancipha ngokukhawuleza. Oko kuyimpembelelo ngqo kwindlela ekufuneka ucinge ngayo malunga namaxabiso okungena kwindlu ngendlu kunye nexabiso lilonke lokungenisa impahla.
Okwangoku, i-China-Europe Railway Express enendawo ekhethekileyo yokunduluka eYiwu iye yaba yindlela ezinzileyo yokuthutha impahla. Oololiwe abasuka eYiwu baya kwiindawo ezikuMbindi Yurophu bahamba kathathu ngeveki, befikelela kwiziko likaloliwe laseJamani eDuisburg kwiintsuku ezili-16-18, kwaye uqhagamshelo lwelori oluya eBelgrade ludla ngokuthatha iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezine. Uloliwe awuseyondlela ikhethekileyo; lukhetho oluqhelekileyo lwezinto ezichaphazela ixesha ezinganyanzelekanga. uloyiko lomoya amaxabiso.
Oko Kuthethwa Kukuthunyelwa Kweempahla Ngendlu Ngendlu
Ingcamango "yokungena kwindlu ngendlu" libinzana elibanzi kwicandelo lempahla kwaye ukukhululeka kubangela ukudideka okukhulu. Ukungena kwindlu ngendlu kuthetha ukuba umboneleli omnye uthatha iimpahla zakho kumzi-mveliso womthengisi okanye kwindawo yokugcina impahla eYiwu aze azise kwidilesi ethile eBelgrade - enyamekela zonke ezinye izinto: ukuthutha iilori ngaphakathi elizweni, izithethe zokuthumela ngaphandle eTshayina, ulwandle okanye imithwalo kaloliwe, ukungenisa izithethe eSerbia kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla ngokukhawuleza.
Umahluko ophambili ukho kwiinkonzo ze-DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) kunye ne-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid). I-DDU ithetha ukuba umntu othumela impahla uphatha izinto zokuthutha impahla kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwakho kuhanjiswa emnyango wakho kodwa kusafuneka uhlawule iindleko zerhafu zaseSerbia kunye ne-VAT xa umthwalo wakho ufika. Xa i-DDP isetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, umntu othumela impahla uhlawula zonke iindleko kwangaphambili - irhafu, i-VAT, iifizi zokucoca impahla - kwaye uzibandakanya kwi-invoyisi enye. I-DDP yinguqulelo yokwenyani 'engenaxhala'. I-DDU yinkonzo yokuthutha impahla emnyango komnye kodwa ayiloxanduva lwezemali oluvela emnyango komnye. Soloko ufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi inkonzo oyinikwayo phambi kokuba uthelekise amaxabiso.
Iindlela Zokuthumela Xa Zithelekiswa: Isantya, Ixabiso, kunye Nokufaneleka
Apha ngezantsi kukho isishwankathelo esisebenzayo seendlela ezintlanu eziphambili zokuhambisa ngenqanawa kwindlela yeYiwu-Belgrade:
| indlela yokwenza | Ixesha lokuhamba | Ixabiso leNqanaba | Ukusuka kwindlu ngendlu? | Eyona ilungiselelwe |
| Ulwandle uLwandle (LCL) | Iintsuku eziyi-35-45 | $ | Ukhetho | Imithwalo emikhulu engangxamisekanga |
| UThutho eLwandle (FCL) | Iintsuku eziyi-35-45 | $$ | Ukhetho | Isikhongozeli esipheleleyo, ixabiso leyunithi eliphantsi |
| I-China-Yurophu kaloliwe | Iintsuku eziyi-18-25 | $$ | Ewe (ngomlenze welori) | Ubungakanani obuphakathi, ukuthunyelwa kwexesha elide |
| Uloyiko lomoya | Iintsuku eziyi-5-8 | $$$$ | Ewe | Ungxamiseko, ixabiso eliphezulu, umthwalo olula |
| Express Courier | Iintsuku eziyi-3-7 | $$$$$ | Ewe | Iipasile ezincinci, iisampuli |
Izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka zicaciswe. Ukuthunyelwa ngenqanawa kuseyona nto ibalulekileyo xa kufikwa ekuthuthweni kwezinto ezininzi ezingafunekiyo kwangoko. Masithi unesikhongozeli esipheleleyo esizaliswe ziimveliso zexesha elithile ozi-odole kwangaphambili. Ixesha lokuhamba liziintsuku ezingama-35-45, nto leyo ende kodwa ixabiso nge-m3 nganye alinakoyiswa. Ukuthunyelwa ngenqanawa lukhetho olukhethwayo lokuthunyelwa ngenqanawa okuphakathi apho ixesha lokukhokela leeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu licotha kakhulu, kodwa ukuthunyelwa ngenqwelomoya kubiza kakhulu. Kwabaninzi abangenisa impahla, uhambo oludibeneyo lweentsuku ezili-18-25 ukusuka eYiwu ukuya eBelgrade yeyona ndawo ilungileyo. Ukuthunyelwa ngenqwelomoya kunye ne-courier esheshayo kuyaqondakala kuphela xa iimpahla zilula, zixabiso eliphezulu okanye zibalulekile ngokwenene.
Isilumkiso esikhulu: Iishedyuli zesitimela eziphuma eYiwu ngoku zingoMvulo, uLwesine kunye noLwesihlanu. Ukungafikeleli kwisiphelo sendlela othuthwa ngayo kunokunciphisa iingenelo zexesha elifutshane lokuthuthwa. Yakha ixesha elicwangcisiweyo kwisicwangciso sakho.
Ixabiso Lokwenyani Lokungena Emnyango Ngendlu: Oko Kugutyungelwa YiPremium
Eyona mpazamo inkulu malunga nokuthunyelwa kwempahla emnyango nomnyango kukuba uhlawula nje isaphulelo kwinkonzo onokuyilungiselela ngokwakho. Awukwenzi oko. Udlula umngcipheko, uphepha iindleko zokulungelelanisa, kunye neentlawulo zokuhlawula kwangaphambili ezinokuba yinto engalindelekanga.
Apha ngezantsi kukho uthelekiso lokuthunyelwa kwe-LCL okusebenzayo (malunga neemveliso ezi-5 ze-CBM eziqhelekileyo ukusuka kwidilesi ye-Yiwu ukuya kwi-warehouse yaseBelgrade) kwi-port ukuya kwi-port vs imiqathango epheleleyo ye-DDP emnyango ukuya emnyango:
| Ixabiso Into | Izibuko ukuya kwiZibuko (DIY) | Umnyango ngomnyango (DDP) |
| Uthutho lweLwandle / lukaloliwe | ~$1,200–$2,000 (LCL) | Kuqukwa |
| Iilori zaseTshayina ezingaphakathi kwelizwe | ~$80–$150 | Kuqukwa |
| Imvume yoRhwebo lwaseSerbia | ~$150–$300 (umrhumo womthengisi) | Kuqukwa |
| Umrhumo wokungenisa impahla (umndilili we-12%) | Uxanduva lomthengi | Ibandakanyiwe (DDP) |
| I-VAT yaseSerbia (20%) | Uxanduva lomthengi | Ibandakanyiwe (DDP) |
| Ukuhanjiswa kweMile yokugqibela | ~$100–$250 (cwangcisa apha ekuhlaleni) | Kuqukwa |
| Umngcipheko Wokugcina/Ukuphelelwa Yimali | Iphezulu kakhulu xa kukho ukulibaziseka | I-low - forwarder iyafunxa |
| Ixesha kunye neendleko zoLawulo | Amaqela abalulekileyo (amaqela amaninzi) | Ubuncinci (umboneleli omnye) |
Xa uqala ukubona ixabiso eliphambili leempahla ezithunyelwa kwi-port-to-port libonakala lingabizi kakhulu. Kodwa xa ufaka i-Serbian customs broker, i-import tax, i-VAT kunye ne-local delivery kunye nexabiso lilonke lokufika liyancipha kakhulu. Kwiiprofayili ezininzi zokuthunyelwa, ingakumbi emva kwe-FTA xa iintlawulo kwiindidi ezininzi zehlile zaya kwi-zero, ixabiso le-DDP elipheleleyo linokuncintisana okanye lingaphantsi kuneendleko eziqokelelweyo zokukwenza ngokwakho, wakuba ucinge ngexesha lakho kunye nomngcipheko wokuphelelwa yimali okungalindelekanga okanye iindleko zokugcina.
Oko kuthethiweyo, kukho iprimiyamu ebalulekileyo yezinto ezisenayo irhafu kuzo. Izinga le-VAT eliqhelekileyo laseSerbia lihlala liyi-20% yexabiso lerhafu kunye nerhafu. I-DDP ephethe ukuthunyelwa kwempahla iya kukhusela ukuvezwa kwayo kweendleko ngokongeza umda phezu kwentlawulo yokwenyani yerhafu kwiindidi zeemveliso ezinomthwalo ophezulu. Ubungakanani bokucaca komboneleli ngale nto buyahluka kakhulu.
I-FTA yaseTshayina neSerbia: Inguqu kwiNdleko zokuHlala
Isivumelwano soRhwebo oluKhululekileyo sikaJulayi 2024 sikwachaza ngokutsha ukubalwa kwerhafu phantse kuzo zonke iindidi zeempahla ezihamba kwindlela yeYiwu-Belgrade. Izinga eliphakathi lerhafu eSerbia yayiyi-12%, kunye namaxabiso ahluka ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kwi-30% kuxhomekeke kwimveliso. I-FTA yasusa ngokukhawuleza irhafu kwimigca yerhafu engaphezulu kwama-60%. Ezinye zancitshiswa kwixesha leminyaka emithathu ukuya kwelishumi.
| Udidi lweMveliso | Ixabiso loMsebenzi wangaphambi kwe-FTA | Emva kwe-FTA (ukususela ngoJulayi 2024) |
| Izixhobo zombane zabathengi | 5-10% | 0% (ukususwa kwangoko) |
| Iimpahla kunye nempahla | 12-20% | Ukunciphisa isantya seminyaka emi-5 |
| Ifenitshala kunye nempahla yasekhaya | 8-15% | 0% (ukususwa kwangoko) |
| Izinto zokudlala kunye nemidlalo | 10% | 0% (ukususwa kwangoko) |
| Oomatshini kunye nezixhobo | 3-7% | 0% okanye ukunciphisa ngokwezigaba |
| Iimveliso zeplastiki kunye nerabha | 6-12% | Ishedyuli yokunciphisa inqanaba |
Enyanisweni, oku kuthetha izinto ezimbini kubangenisi. Okokuqala, ukuba ungenisa iimveliso ezingenarhafu, "inzuzo ye-DDP" yokuba nentlawulo yomthwalo wokulawula umthumeli iyancitshiswa kuba akukho xanduva lokuxhalaba ngalo. Ixabiso le-DDP litshintsha kakhulu ukuze kube lula, ukulula kwe-invoyisi enye kunye nokukwazi ukuhlawula irhafu endaweni yokugubungela umthwalo. Okwesibini, iSerbia ine-VAT engama-20% phantse kuzo zonke izinto ezingeniswayo nokuba kukho i-FTA, ngoko ke iindleko azitshintshi kwaye kusafanelekile ukuba neengcali ziyenze ngokuchanekileyo ukuze ziphephe ukubala iimpazamo ezikhokelela ekuhlolweni.
Into ebalulekileyo: Iingenelo ze-FTA azizenzekeli. Izinto zakho kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigaqo yemigangatho yokuvela - oko kuthetha ukuba iimpahla kufuneka zenziwe kakhulu eTshayina. Uninzi lweempahla ezifunyenwe ngqo kwisiseko sokuvelisa seYiwu ziyafaneleka, ngelixa ezo zipakishwe ngokutsha okanye zibhalwe kwakhona iimpahla zamazwe angaphandle azifanelekanga. Qinisekisa ukuba imvelaphi iyahambelana nomthengisi wakho ngaphambi kokuba kuxhomekeke kwixabiso lerhafu elingenanto.
Iindleko Ezifihlakeleyo Zokuya Echwebeni
Abathumeli bempahla abakhetha i-port-to-port, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngamagama e-FOB okanye e-CFR, ngelizama ukonga imali badla ngokufumana ukuba imali egciniweyo iyanyamalala kwiintlawulo ezifihlakeleyo ezingazange zifakwe kwixabiso lokuqala lokuthutha impahla. Kufuneka siqonde ezi ndleko ukuze sikwazi ukwenza uthelekiso olunyanisekileyo.
Ukuqala kokuvezwa kukuthengiswa kwempahla ngeenkonzo zabathengi. Nangona kunokwenzeka ngokwetekhnoloji ukukhupha iimveliso ngeenkonzo zabathengi baseSerbia ngaphandle komthengisi ofanelekileyo, oku akunakwenzeka kubantu abaninzi abangenisa impahla. Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngeenkonzo zabathengi ...
Ixabiso lesibini elifihlakeleyo abangenisi okokuqala abangalilindelanga kukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokugcina impahla kwizibuko. Ukuba umthengisi wakho wengingqi okanye iqabane lakho lezothutho alikakulungeli ukuthutha impahla kwangoko nje ukuba iphume kwizikhululo zerhafu, iimpahla ezikwizibuko laseSerbia okanye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe zihlawula imirhumo yokugcina yemihla ngemihla. Ukuze impahla ihambe kancinci kancinci kwimpahla ephakathi, ezi ntlawulo zingafikelela kwi-$500 ukuya kwi-$1,000 ngokukhawuleza. Awunalo olu mngcipheko kumthengisi ohamba ngendlu nomnyango osele enenethiwekhi yamaqabane asekuhlaleni - uthotho lwezinto ezithuthwayo sele lulungelelanisiwe ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni.
Okokugqibela, kukho iindleko zokulungelelanisa – iiyure wena okanye iqela lakho elizichitha nithumela ii-imeyile kumaqela aliqela, nilandela uhlaziyo lwemeko, nilungisa ii-invoyisi ezivela kubaboneleli beenkonzo abathathu abahlukeneyo, kunye nokulawula iimeko ezingaqhelekanga. Kwiinkampani ezithumela rhoqo okanye ezintsha kwimarike yaseSerbia, le ndleko yolawulo inkulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ayibonakali kuhlalutyo lweendleko.
7. Xa Ukungena Kwindlu Ngendlu Kuxabisa Yonke Imali
Ukuhanjiswa kwe-DDP kwindlu ngendlu kuyabiza kakhulu kwiimeko ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo. Eyokuqala kukuba ukuba ungumdlali omtsha kwimarike yaseSerbia. Ngaphandle kobudlelwane obukhoyo nomthengisi werhafu wasekuhlaleni okanye iqabane elithembekileyo lokuthutha iilori eBelgrade, umngcipheko wokusebenza kwe-port-to-port uphezulu. Ukususwa okulibazisekayo okanye imveliso engachazwanga kakuhle inokubiza imali eninzi kwi-demurrage kunye neentlawulo zokulungisa kunokuba iprimiyamu yendlu ngendlu ibingayi kubiza kwasekuqaleni.
Okwesibini kukuthengwa ngezinto ezihambelana nexesha lonyaka okanye ezichaphazela ixesha. Ukuba uthumela izinto zeKrisimesi, iimveliso zokubuyela esikolweni okanye nayiphi na imveliso enomhla oqinisekileyo wokuhlala, ukuthembeka kwenkonzo yomnyango nomnyango kwenza ixabiso libe lihle. Nangona umsebenzi we-DIY uza kwahluka xa unikezelwa, inethiwekhi yezinto ezilungiselelwe kwangaphambili iya kuhlala inika iinkonzo ngaphakathi kwexesha elichaziweyo.
Okwesithathu, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngendlu kuyabiza kakhulu kwiimpahla ze-LCL ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kuneempahla ezahlukeneyo ezineekhowudi ze-HS ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxabiso eentlawulo ezahlukeneyo, ukuhlelwa kwempahla ngempahla kuba nzima. Umntu onamava okuthumela impahla ngempahla unciphisa amathuba okubekwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kunye nezohlwayo ezilandelayo. Imeko yesine - amashishini afuna ukuthembeka kwemali engenayo. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali kulula nge-invoyisi enye evela kumthengisi omnye, kwaye akukho nto imbi xa intlawulo yempahla ngempahla ifika kwiiveki emva kokuba imveliso ithengisiwe.
Xa Ufanele Ucinge NgePort-to-Port Endaweni Yakho
Ukunkqonkqoza emnyango akusoloko kusisisombululo. Kwabangenisi abanamava nabanamandla amakhulu abanabathengisi berhafu eBelgrade, abasebenzi abaqondayo iinkqubo zokungenisa impahla eSerbia kunye nesivumelwano sokuthutha impahla ukusuka kwelinye izibuko ukuya kwelinye, sihlala sinika ulawulo oluthe kratya kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Ukwazi imo yendawo, ungenza ngcono umjikelo ngamnye wohambo ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye ungahlawuli ingeniso yomthumeli kumjikelo wokuhambisa impahla wasekuhlaleni.
Omnye umzekelo apho i-port-to-port idla ngokuba nengqiqo ngakumbi kukuthunyelwa kwe-FCL (umthwalo opheleleyo wesikhongozeli). Ukuhanjiswa kwesikhongozeli esingange-20 feet okanye 40 feet kulula ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukuzenzela indawo oya kuyo kuyasebenza. Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle kwiikhongozeli ezingama-20ft ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eSerbia: Amaxabiso okuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle ukusuka kwelinye izibuko ukuya kwelinye adla ngokuba phakathi kwe-$2,050 ukuya kwi-$4,250 kuxhomekeke kwi-port yokuqala kunye nexesha lonyaka. Ukuba uneziseko zophuhliso, ukongeza ukusasazwa kwakho kwendawo ngaphezulu kuhlala kungabizi kakhulu.
Ngokufanayo, impikiswano yokuhlawula iprimiyamu ye-DDP ibuthathaka kakhulu ukuba zonke iimveliso zakho zikwiindidi ze-FTA ezingenamsebenzi kwaye unomthengisi wasekuhlaleni othembekileyo. Uhlawulela ngokwenene ukuze kube lula, kungekhona ukuba umntu othumela impahla athathe umngcipheko werhafu ongasekhoyo.
Indlela yokuhambisa ngenqanawa iTopway ephatha ngayo le ndlela
I-Topway Shipping, eseShenzhen, yasekwa ngo-2010, yakha iziseko zokusebenza kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo ezenza inkonzo yokungena kwindlu ngendlu kwiindlela ezinzima ezifana ne-Yiwu-Belgrade ithembeke ngokwenene, ingathembiswanga nje kuphela. Iqela labasunguli bale nkampani linamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 kwi-logistics yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwerhafu, kwaye linolwazi olunzulu oluphuhliswe ekuqaleni kwiindlela ezinkulu zase-China-US eziye zanda zaya kwiindlela zaseYurophu.
Okwahlukanisa iTopway nezinye iinkampani ezikumzila weYiwu-Belgrade kukugubungela ngokubanzi kwenkonzo. Le nkampani ilawula uthotho olupheleleyo lwezinto ezithuthwayo: ukuhamba ngelori ukusuka eYiwu ukuya kwisikhululo sezibuko okanye sikaloliwe esikufutshane, irhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle eTshayina, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle okanye kaloliwe, ukususwa kwempahla ekupheleni kweSerbia kunye nokuhanjiswa kweekhilomitha zokugqibela emnyango womthumeli. ITopway inokwamkela iFCL okanye i-LCL, nokuba ungumthumeli wempahla othumela ipalethi enye okanye umbutho worhwebo ofuna ukuhambisa izikhongozeli ezipheleleyo kumjikelo wenyanga. Ukuguquguquka okunjalo kubalulekile kwikhorido yeYiwu apho ubungakanani bempahla buhluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo womthengi kunye nohlobo lwemveliso.
Kwicala leerhafu, iqela leTopway linamava ekulandeleni iimfuno zoxwebhu lokungeniswa kwempahla eSerbia – kuquka ukuhlelwa kwekhowudi ye-HS echanekileyo, ukuthobela iimfuno zemvelaphi ye-FTA entsha yaseTshayina neSerbia kunye nokuphatha izatifikethi ezithile zemveliso kwiindidi zeempahla ezilawulwayo. Kwabangenisi bokuqala eSerbia, ukusebenzisana nenkonzo esele iqonda indlela esebenza ngayo irhafu yasekuhlaleni kususa umngcipheko omkhulu wokusebenza.
I-Topway ikwabonelela ngenkonzo ye-DDP njengesisombululo se-invoyisi enye yokwenyani kwaye ayisiyongqokelela ehlanganisiweyo yeekowuteshini zomntu wesithathu. Icebo lenkampani elithe ngqo lokuxabisa - kubandakanya iimpahla, ukususwa kwerhafu, iirhafu, ukucutshungulwa kwe-VAT kunye nokuhanjiswa kokugqibela - lilungiselelwe iinkampani ezifuna uqiniseko lwezemali kwaye ezingafuni ubunzima bezothutho buphazamise ishishini lazo eliphambili. Kwiinkampani ezinomdla wokwenza oku, iqela le-Topway likulungele ukubonelela ngamaxabiso afanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwempahla, ubunzima, kunye neshedyuli yokuhanjiswa.
isiphelo
Indlela yeYiwu-Belgrade ingena kwinqanaba elitsha. Izibalo zomsebenzi zitshintshiwe yiSivumelwano soRhwebo oluKhululekileyo saseTshayina-Serbia, iwotshi icinezelwe yiChina-Europe Railway Express, kwaye iziseko zolungiselelo ezijikeleze le ndlela zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yomnqweno weSerbia okhula ngokukhawuleza weempahla zaseTshayina. Kwimeko enjalo umbuzo wendlu ngendlu awulula njengo-ewe okanye hayi. Ngumsebenzi wenqanaba lamava akho, iprofayili yokuthunyelwa, udidi lwemveliso kunye nokuba uxabisa kangakanani ukuqikelelwa ngaphezu kolawulo.
Kwabaninzi abangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe abancinci nabaphakathi, isigqibo esinyanisekileyo sesi: i-DDP yokungena kwindlu ngendlu ixabisa ixabiso elongezelelweyo ukuba umtsha kwimarike, uthumela izinto ezichaphazela ixesha, usebenza ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zemveliso, okanye unqwenela nje ukuba lula kwe-invoyisi enye. Njengoko ukhula kwaye uphuhlisa ulwazi lwendawo, i-calculus iyatshintsha kwaye i-port-to-port inokuba yindlela ekrelekrele. Icebo kukudibanisa ixabiso lilonke - kungekuphela nje kwexabiso lempahla - ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo. Kwaye nokuba yeyiphi na imodeli oyisebenzisayo, ukusebenza nomboneleli owazi ngokwenene amacala omabini e-Yiwu-Belgrade corridor kuya kukongela imali eninzi, ixesha, kunye nobunzima kunokuba naluphi na uxoxiswano malunga namaxabiso lunokwenza.
FAQs
Q: Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka eYiwu ukuya eBelgrade?
A: Uthutho oluqhelekileyo oluvela emnyango ukuya emnyango luthatha iintsuku ezingama-20-28 ukusuka ekuthathweni ngenqwelo-mafutha kaloliwe ukusuka kumthengisi eYiwu ukuya ekuhanjisweni eBelgrade. Uthutho lwaselwandle luthatha iintsuku ezingama-38-50. Uthutho oluvela emoyeni luthatha iintsuku ezisi-7-12 kuquka ukususwa kwempahla kwiindlela zomda.
Q: Ngaba iSerbia isahlawulisa irhafu yokungenisa impahla yaseTshayina emva kwe-2024 FTA?
A: Ngaba zonke iindidi azihlawuliswa rhafu ngoku? A: Uninzi lweendidi ngoku azihlawuliswa rhafu, kodwa azihlawuliswa zonke. Iirhafu kwiimveliso ezingaphezulu kwama-60% zasuswa ngoko nangoko nge-1 kaJulayi 2024. Ezinye iindidi ziyasuswa kwixesha leminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweli-10. I-20% ye-VAT yaseSerbia isasebenza kuzo zonke izinto ezingeniswayo ngaphandle kwemeko ye-FTA. Ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe imodeli yakho yeendleko, jonga kwakhona imeko yerhafu yekhowudi yakho ye-HS.
Q: Ngawaphi amaxwebhu afunekayo ukuze kungeniswe iimpahla ezivela eTshayina eSerbia?
A: Amaxwebhu abalulekileyo yi-invoyisi yorhwebo (eneekhowudi ze-HS ezichanekileyo, ixabiso elichaziweyo kunye ne-Incoterm), uluhlu oluneenkcukacha zokupakisha kunye neBill of Lading (yolwandle) okanye i-Airway Bill (yomoya/ekhawulezayo). Ezinye iimveliso zinokufuna izatifikethi zokuhambelana nemithetho, izatifikethi ze-phytosanitary okanye amaphepha e-MSDS kwiimpahla ezilawulwayo. I-DDP forwarder idla ngokukuphatha konke oku.
Q: Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwenkonzo ye-DDP kunye ne-DDU yokungena kwindlu ngendlu?
A: Phantsi kwe-DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid), umntu othumela izinto uzisa izinto kwidilesi yakho kodwa uza kuhlawula iindleko zerhafu yaseSerbia kunye ne-VAT xa iimpahla zifika. I-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) – Umntu othumela izinto uhlawula yonke imisebenzi kunye neerhafu kwangaphambili aze akuhlawulise i-invoyisi enye yesixa-mali siphela. I-DDP ilula, kwaye ayinazo iindleko ezingalindelekanga. I-DDU isenokuba ingabizi kakhulu ngokwethiyori, kodwa idlulisela umngcipheko werhafu kunye noxanduva kumthengi.
Q: Ngaba iTopway Shipping iyakwazi ukusingatha ukuthunyelwa kwe-LCL encinci kunye neekhonteyina ezipheleleyo?
A: Ewe. I-Topway Shipping ibonelela ngeenkonzo ze-FCL (Full Container Load) kunye ne-LCL (Less than Container Load) ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kuzo zonke iizibuko ezinkulu kunye neendawo eziya kuzo kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka neBelgrade. Baphatha lonke uthotho lwezinto ezithunyelwayo ukusuka ekuthathweni eYiwu ukuya ekuhanjisweni kokugqibela eSerbia kuyo nayiphi na imithwalo.
