Izithethe ZamaGrike Zingqongqo — Nantsi Into Engamkelekiyo Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla
intshayelelo
Ephepheni, ukuthumela iimveliso eGrisi kubonakala kulula. Kaloku, lilungu le-EU kwaye linesakhiwo esisemthethweni se-Union Customs Code. Kodwa eneneni, amasiko aseGrisi adume kakhulu phakathi kwabathumeli bamanye amazwe ngokuba nononophelo olukhulu. Iipakethe ziyabanjwa, ukuthunyelwa kuthunyelwa kwakhona, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izinto ziyathathwa nje. Konke oku kusenokuba bekungathintelwa ngocwangciso olufanelekileyo.
Ukuba uthengisa izinto kwi-intanethi ngaphaya kwemida kubathengi baseGrisi, ulawula imithwalo yeekhonteyina ezinkulu njengothumeli wempahla, okanye uzisa iimpahla eGrisi ukuze zisasazwe kwindawo yakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba amasiko angamkeli iimpahla zakho. Akufuneki nje ukuba uhlawule irhafu kwimpahla engakhange ihlawulwe, kodwa kufuneka uhlawule nokulibaziseka, iindleko zokugcina, ubudlelwane babathengi obonakeleyo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, iimpahla ngokwazo.
Eli nqaku lichaza ngokweenkcukacha izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba kutheni ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kuthintelwa okanye kurhoxiswe kwizithethe zaseGrisi ngo-2025, imithetho elawula ezo zigqibo, kunye nento onokuyenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zakho ziyadlula ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Ukuqonda iSakhelo seSiko samaGrike
IGrisi ayinayo inkqubo yayo yerhafu. Njengelungu le-EU, ilandela i-Union Customs Code (UCC), Regulation (EU) 952/2013, ebeka imithetho efanayo yendlela iimveliso ezihlelwa ngayo, ezibekwa ngayo amaxabiso, kwaye zicocwe ngayo kuwo onke amazwe angama-27 e-EU. Imithetho yezinto ezinokungena eGrisi iyafana kakhulu naleyo yaseJamani, eFransi, okanye e-Itali. Nangona kunjalo, indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ezi mithetho kunye nendlela izinto ezicutshungulwa ngayo ngokukhawuleza inokwahluka kakhulu kwilizwe elinye ukuya kwelinye.
I-Greek Independent Authority for Public Revenue (AADE) ijongene nemicimbi yerhafu kwaye isebenza ukuphucula iziseko zayo zedijithali ukuze ihlangabezane nemigangatho ye-EU ngo-2025. Izibuko lasePiraeus yindawo ephambili yokungena kwemithwalo ekwiikhonteyina eGrisi. Iphatha malunga ne-70% yazo zonke izinto ezingeniswayo kweli lizwe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iye yaba ngqongqo ngakumbi malunga nendlela ehlola ngayo ukuthunyelwa kwempahla.
Utshintsho lwe-e-commerce lwe-VAT lwe-EU luka-2021 lwalulutshintsho olukhulu kwimithetho yokuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce. Lwasusa inqanaba langaphambili le-VAT ye-€22. Yonke iphakheji yezorhwebo eza eGrisi ngoku kufuneka ihlawule i-VAT, nokuba ibiza malini na. Ukuthunyelwa okuxabisa ngaphantsi kwe-€150 kusenazo iindleko zerhafu, nangona izinga eliqhelekileyo le-VAT laseGrisi le-24% liyasebenza. Xa iimveliso zibiza ngaphezulu kwe-€150, ziphantsi kwerhafu yerhafu (esekelwe kwixabiso le-CIF kunye nezinga lerhafu yekhowudi ye-HS ehambelanayo) kunye ne-VAT. Inyathelo lokuqala lokungaliwa kukuqonda lo mda.
Imida yeSiko lamaGrike ngokuKhangela (2025)
| Ixabiso lokuThunyelwa | Ubume boMsebenzi | Unyango lwe-VAT |
| €0 – €45 (umntu nomntu) | Irhafu yerhafu ayifakwanga | Ikhululiwe kwi-VAT |
| €0 – €150 (yentengiso) | Irhafu yerhafu ayifakwanga | I-24% ye-VAT iyasebenza; i-IOSS ingaqokelela kwangaphambili |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-€150 | Iirhafu zokungenisa impahla zisekelwe kwikhowudi ye-HS + ixabiso le-CIF | I-24% ye-VAT kwi (CIF + irhafu yokungenisa impahla) |
Ezona Zizathu Zixhaphakileyo Zokungamkelwa Kweempahla Ezithunyelwayo
Amasiko amaGrike awawamkeli ngokungacwangciswanga amaphakheji. Zimbalwa iingxaki ezihlala zivela ezibangela ukungafunwa nganto. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kukuzazi kwangethuba.
I-Matrix yoMngcipheko wokulahlwa kokuthunyelwa
| Udidi Lokwala | Imizekelo eqhelekileyo | Isiphumo Esinokubakho |
| Uxwebhu olungachanekanga okanye olulahlekileyo | Ikhowudi ye-HS engalunganga, i-invoyisi yorhwebo ayikho, akukho luhlu lokupakisha | Ibanjwe echwebeni, ukuvunyelwa kulibaziseke |
| Isibhengezo Esingaxatyiswanga Kakhulu | Ixabiso elibhengeziweyo lingaphantsi kwexabiso lemarike, i-invoyisi engangqinelaniyo | Isohlwayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100% yexabiso lempahla, ukubanjwa |
| Izinto eziThintelweyo okanye eziThintelweyo | Izinto zomgunyathi, iimveliso ezithile zokutya/zezolimo, iintlobo ezidweliswe kwiCITES | Ukuthinjwa, amanyathelo asemthethweni anokwenzeka |
| Imigangatho yeMveliso engahambelaniyo | Uphawu lwe-CE olungekhoyo, akukho kuthobela imithetho ye-REACH, ilebhile engafanelekanga | Ukubuyiselwa okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kweempahla |
| Imiba ye-VAT kunye neRhafu | Akukho nombolo ye-IOSS, i-VAT engahlawulwanga kwiimpahla ezingaphezulu kwe-€150 | Ukuthunyelwa kubanjwe de kuhlawulwe irhafu okanye kubuyiselwe |
| Ukungathobeli uPakisho | Akukho phawu lwe-CE kwi-elektroniki, akukho phawu lwesiGrike/lwesiNgesi | Ukwaliwa okanye ukulebhelishwa kwakhona okunyanzelekileyo ngexabiso |
Iimpazamo zoXwebhu kunye namaphepha angekhoyo
Esi sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokuba irhafu igcinwe kwaye ingavunyelwa eGrisi. I-invoyisi yorhwebo yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kuyo nayiphi na inkcazo yerhafu. Neempazamo ezincinci, njengomahluko phakathi kwexabiso elichaziweyo kunye neerekhodi zentlawulo zebhanki, ikhowudi ye-HS engekhoyo kwinto yomgca omnye, okanye umahluko wedilesi phakathi kwe-invoyisi kunye ne-bill of lading, zinokumisa ukuthunyelwa kwempahla.
Amagosa eerhafu zaseGrisi afundiswa ukujonga izinto ezibonakala ngathi zizama ukufihla into ethile okanye ezingavakaliyo. Ukuba i-invoyisi ithi impahla "sisipho" xa ngokucacileyo ingumthwalo worhwebo, okanye ukuba ibonisa ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kunexabiso lemarike lemveliso yophawu eyaziwayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ikhokelele ekuhlolweni ngokoqobo. Nje ukuba ukuthunyelwa kungene kwindlela yokuhlola ngokoqobo, kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi okanye ngaphezulu, kwaye iindleko zokuhlola nokugcina ziqala ukwanda kanye.
UHlelo lweKhowudi yeHS engalunganga
IGrisi isebenzisa inkqubo yekhowudi ye-EU enezinombolo ezili-10 edibeneyo (CN), elo lulwandiso lweNkqubo yeHarmonized (HS) enezinombolo ezi-6 esetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela. I-EU yatshintsha iikhowudi zayo ze-CN ekuqaleni kowama-2025. Bongeze izihloko ezingaphantsi ezintsha, ngakumbi kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye neebhetri. Olu tshintsho lunefuthe ngqo kwiindidi ezininzi zemveliso ye-e-commerce edumileyo. Ukuba amasiko afumanisa ukuba usebenzise ikhowudi ye-HS engalunganga okanye endala ngabom, ungahlawuliswa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100% yexabiso leempahla.
Ukuba uthengisa iibhetri ze-lithium okanye izixhobo ezisebenzisa ibhetri eGrisi, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo ngakumbi kwizihlokwana ezintsha zika-2025 phantsi kweSahluko 85 (HS 8507.xx). Enye yeendlela ezikhawulezayo zokufumana i-cargo iphawulwe ukuze ihlolwe ngokusondeleyo kukufumana udidi olungalunganga kwezi mveliso.
Ukungaxatyiswa kwexabiso leempahla
Enye yezinto amagosa aseGrisi azijonga kakhulu kukungaxatyiswa kwexabiso yi-customs. Xa ixabiso elichaziweyo liphantsi kakhulu kunexabiso eliqhelekileyo lezinto ezifanayo, ingakumbi izixhobo ze-elektroniki, impahla enophawu, okanye ubucwebe, i-customs iya kusebenzisa ii-database zayo zokubhekisa ukuze ibuze ixabiso elichaziweyo. Indlela yexabiso lentengiselwano, esekelwe kwixabiso lokwenyani elihlawulweyo kwiimveliso kwaye ixhaswa ziirekhodi zebhanki kunye nee-invoyisi, yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo i-customs ye-EU exabisa ngayo izinto.
Abathengisi abaxoka ngexabiso leempahla zabo ukuze abathengi baphephe ukuhlawula iirhafu abagcini nje ngokubeka umthwalo emngciphekweni, kodwa babeka bona kunye nabathengi babo emngciphekweni wokumangalelwa. EGrisi, iimpahla ezinexabiso eliphikisanayo zinokugcinwa ixesha elide de kube lo mba ulungisiwe. Iindleko zokugcina ePiraeus zinokunyuka ngokukhawuleza.
Izinto eziThintelweyo nezithintelweyo
IGrisi ilandela uluhlu lwe-EU lokungeniswa kwempahla ngaphandle okuthintelweyo nokulinganiselweyo, kwaye nayiphi na impahla equlethe ezi zinto iya kurhoxiswa. Amagosa eerhafu zaseGrisi agxile kakhulu kwiimpahla zomgunyathi, ezizizinto ezinophawu oluphula amalungelo obunini bobukrelekrele. Oku kungenxa yokuba uninzi lweepakethe zorhwebo lwe-e-commerce zivela e-Asia. Isiseko sedatha seTARIC, esiyishedyuli yerhafu edibeneyo ye-EU, yindawo efanelekileyo yokufumana ukuba imveliso iphantsi kweekhowudi zomda wokungenisa impahla ezifana neCITES (iintlobo ezisengozini) okanye iRSTR (umda wokungenisa impahla).
Ukongeza kwiimpahla ezingavumelekanga ngokupheleleyo, ezinye iintlobo zeempahla zifuna iilayisenisi ezikhethekileyo okanye iimvume ekufuneka zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba iimpahla zithunyelwe. Ukutya okuvela kwamanye amazwe kufuneka kube neelebheli ezifundekayo ngesiNgesi okanye ngesiGrike ezichaza apho kuvela khona, ngubani okwenzileyo, yintoni, kwaye ubunzima bako bungakanani. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwizinto zezolimo. Ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso kudla ngokujikwa kuba iilebheli ezikwimveliso azikho okanye azichanekanga.
Ukungathobeli i-VAT kunye ne-IOSS
Inkqubo ye-EU ye-Import One-Stop Shop (IOSS) yasekwa ukuze kube lula ukuqokelela i-VAT kwiipakethe ze-e-commerce ezixabisa i-€150 okanye ngaphantsi. Nge-IOSS, umthengisi uqokelela i-VAT ngexesha lokuthengisa aze ayithumele ngqo kwabasemagunyeni berhafu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ipakethe ifika ingenayo i-VAT. Ukuba umthengisi usebenzisa inombolo ye-IOSS engasebenziyo, ephelelwe lixesha, okanye ecatshulwe ngokungachanekanga kwisibhengezo seerhafu, amasiko aseGrisi aya kuhlawulisa umthengi i-VAT xa ipakethe ifika. Oku kudla ngokukhokelela ekubeni umthengi angayamkeli ipakethe aze aqalise inkqubo yokubuyisela.
Umthumeli (okanye umphathi wakhe) kufuneka ahlawule i-VAT kwiipakethi ezixabisa ngaphezulu kwe-€150 ezingasebenzisi i-IOSS ngaphambi kokuba izinto zikhutshwe. Ukuthunyelwa kuya kuhlala kumisiwe de kufumaneke intlawulo. Umthetho waseGrisi uthi iimveliso ezingabangwanga ziya kunikezelwa kurhulumente ekugqibeleni, kwaye umthumeli akayi kubuyiselwa imali yakhe.
Ukungaphumeleli kokuthobela iMveliso kunye nokuLebhelisha
Njengenxalenye yemarike enye ye-EU, iGrisi ifuna uphawu lwe-CE kwiintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso, kubandakanya izixhobo ze-elektroniki, izinto zokudlala, izixhobo zokuzikhusela, izixhobo zonyango, nokunye. Ukubonisa ukuba imveliso iyahlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko ze-EU, kufuneka ibe nophawu lwe-CE kuyo xa ithengiswa kumthengi waseGrisi. Ukuthunyelwa kwezinto ze-elektroniki okanye izinto zokudlala ezingenawo amaphepha afanelekileyo e-CE kuhlala kurhoxiswa.
Ukuthobela i-REACH (imithetho ye-EU yeekhemikhali) kusebenza nakwimveliso enamakhemikhali kuyo ngaphezu kwemida ethile. Izinto zokuthambisa, izinto zokucoca, amalaphu aneekhemikhali ezigqityiweyo, kunye nezinto ezifanayo zonke kufuneka zilandele i-REACH. Ukuba iceliwe, abathumeli-mhlaba kufuneka bakwazi ukubonisa ukuba balandela imithetho ngamaphepha.
Amaxwebhu ekufuneka uwalungise
Eyona ndlela ilula yokuphepha ukungavunyelwa kwesicelo sakho serhafu eGrisi kukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaphepha akho aphelele, achanekile, kwaye ayaguquguquka. Onke amaphepha akumthwalo wakho kufuneka axele ibali elifanayo, elinamaxabiso afanayo, izixa, iinkcazo, kunye namaqela afanayo. Nakuphi na ukungalungelelani, nokuba kubonakala kuncinci kangakanani, kunokukhokelela ekuhlolweni.
Amaxwebhu abalulekileyo okuthunyelwa eGrisi
| Uxwebhu | Iimfuno eziphambili |
| I-invoyisi yentengiso | Iinkcukacha zomthumeli/umthumeli, ixabiso elichanekileyo, ikhowudi ye-HS ngento nganye yomgca, ii-Incoterms, imali |
| Uluhlu lokupakisha | Ubunzima obupheleleyo/obupheleleyo, ubungakanani, inani lezinto ngebhokisi nganye, kufuneka lihambelane ne-invoyisi |
| Ibhili yokuLading / i-Air Waybill | Ulwazi olukhutshwe ngumthumeli, oluvela kumthumeli, kufuneka luhambelane ngqo nesibhengezo seerhafu |
| Isatifikethi semvelaphi | Kufuneka kwiirhafu ezikhethekileyo; kufuneka zikhutshwe liqumrhu eligunyazisiweyo kwilizwe elithumela impahla kwamanye amazwe |
| Inombolo ye-EORI | Kuyimfuneko kubo bonke abangenisi bezorhwebo kwi-EU; bhalisa nge-Greek tax authority (AADE) |
| Inombolo ye-VAT ye-IOSS (ukuba ikhona) | Kufuneka abathengisi be-e-commerce abaqokelela i-VAT xa behlawula iipasela ≤ €150 |
Imfuneko yenombolo ye-EORI yinto enye ebakhubekisayo abantu abaninzi abathumela izinto eGrisi okokuqala. Ukuba ishishini lifuna ukungenisa izinto zorhwebo kwilizwe le-EU, lifuna inombolo ye-EORI (uBhaliso lwaBasebenzi bezoQoqosho kunye nokuZichaza). Ukuba umntu ofumana impahla eGrisi akanayo inombolo ye-EORI esebenzayo, impahla ayikwazi ukukhupha irhafu. Amagunya erhafu aseGrisi (AADE) akahlawulisi nto ukuze abhalise, kodwa kuthatha ixesha ukuyicubungula, ngoko ke kufuneka uyenze kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba kufike impahla yokuqala.
Iindidi zeemveliso ezinobungozi obukhulu kwizithethe zaseGrisi
Amasiko aseGrisi anokubeka uphawu kuyo nayiphi na imithwalo, nangona kunjalo ezinye iintlobo zeemveliso zihlala zifumana ingqalelo eyongezelelweyo. I-elektroniki, ingakumbi ezo zineebhetri ze-lithium, ziphezulu kuluhlu ngenxa yohlaziyo luka-2025 kwi-EU Combined Nomenclature kunye nemithetho yendlela yokuhambisa iibhetri ngokukhuselekileyo. Iiseli ze-lithium kwiipakethe kufuneka ziphawulwe ngokuchanekileyo nge-UN3480 (iibhetri ze-lithium ion) okanye i-UN3481 (iibhetri ze-lithium ion kwizixhobo). Iibhetri ezine-100Wh engaphezulu zifuna amaxwebhu okuphatha akhethekileyo.
Iimpahla zelaphu nempahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe zezinye izinto ezitsala ingqalelo kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuxhalaba ngeempahla zobuxoki kwaye ngenxa yemithetho eqinileyo yokubhala iilebheli ethi umxholo wefayibha, imiyalelo yokhathalelo, kunye nelizwe lemvelaphi kufuneka zonke zibe ngesiGrike okanye isiNgesi. Ukutya kunye neempahla zasefama kufuneka zihlolwe ngococeko lwezityalo, kwaye akukho ndawo yempazamo. Kwaye ewe, izinto zokuthambisa kufuneka zilandele uMgaqo weZithambiso ze-EU (EC) No. 1223/2009, oquka ukuhlolwa kokhuseleko kunye nengxelo kwiPortal yeSaziso seeMveliso zeZithambiso (CPNP).
Amashishini athumela naziphi na ezi ntlobo zeemveliso kubathengi baseGrisi kufuneka enze uhlolo lokuthobela imithetho lube yinxalenye yenkqubo yokuthenga imveliso endaweni yokulinda kude kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela ukuze ayenze. Sele kudlule ixesha ukuncamathisela uphawu lwe-CE okanye ukubhalisela i-IOSS xa ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kukwinqanawa eya ePiraeus.
Indlela Ukuthunyelwa KweTopway Okukunceda Ngayo Uhlale Uthobela
Uninzi lweenkampani zorhwebo lwe-elektroniki kunye nabangenisi bempahla abanakukwazi ukusingatha iinkcukacha zokulandela imithetho yesithethe saseGrisi ngokwabo, ingakumbi xa bekwajongene nokufunyanwa kwezinto, ukugcinwa kwezinto, kunye nenkxaso yabathengi. Ukusebenza neqabane lezothutho eliyaziyo into abayenzayo kunempembelelo enkulu apha.
Ukususela ngo-2010, iTopway Shipping, eseShenzhen, eTshayina, ibisoloko inikezela ngeenkonzo ezibalaseleyo zothutho lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida. ITopway ineqela labasunguli elinamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 kwi-logistics yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwerhafu. Baye baba ziingcali ekuphatheni amaphepha, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye neenkqubo ezifunekayo ukuthumela iimpahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kwamanye amazwe, kuquka iGrisi kunye nemarike ye-EU.
I-Topway iphatha zonke iindawo zekhonkco lezothutho, ukusuka ekuthuthweni kweempahla ezivela kubavelisi baseTshayina okanye kwiindawo zokugcina impahla ukuya kwiindawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya, inceda ekususweni kwerhafu, kunye nokuhanjiswa kweempahla kubathengi. Kumashishini athumela iimpahla ezininzi, i-Topway inikezela ngeenkonzo zokuthutha ulwandle eziguquguqukayo ezine-container-load (FCL) kunye ne-less-than-container-load (LCL) ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kumazibuko aphambili kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya iPiraeus. Oku kuguquguquka kuthetha ukuba amashishini abo bonke ubungakanani, ukusuka kwiimpawu ezincinci ze-e-commerce ukuya kubathumeli abakhulu, anokukhetha ukhetho lokuthumela oluhambelana neemfuno zabo kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.
Kwimeko yezithethe zamaGrike, iTopway iluncedo kakhulu kuvavanyo lokuhambelana nokuthunyelwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Iqela leemvume zerhafu kwinkampani yabo linokubona iingxaki ngamaphepha, ukungahlelwa kakuhle kwekhowudi ye-HS, okanye ukungabikho kweziqinisekiso zemveliso ngaphambi kokuba impahla iphume eTshayina. Oku kubiza kancinci kunokuba impahla ilahlwe ePiraeus. Olu hlobo lolwazi oluphezulu luluncedo kakhulu kubathengisi abatsha kwimarike yamaGrike okanye abaye baba neengxaki zokufumana iimpahla zabo ngezithethe zamasiko ngaphambili.
Amanyathelo Asebenzisekayo Okuphepha Ukungafunwa Kwezithethe ZamaGrike
Eyona nto ingcono umthumeli anokuyenza kukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yerhafu kuyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuthunyelwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, kungekhona into ayicinga ngayo kamva. Ngaphambi kokuba naziphi na iimpahla ziphume kwindawo yokugcina impahla apho zenziwe khona, oku kulandelayo kufuneka kujongwe: zonke ii-invoyisi zorhwebo zihambelana noluhlu lokupakisha kunye nebhili yomthwalo ngokuchanekileyo; yonke into yomgca inekhowudi ye-CN enezinombolo ezili-10 enikwe phantsi kwe-2025 Combined Nomenclature ye-EU; amaxabiso abhengeziweyo ahambelana namaxabiso okwenyani entengiselwano axhaswa ziirekhodi zebhanki; kwaye zonke iziqinisekiso zemveliso ezifunekayo (uphawu lwe-CE, ukuthotyelwa kwe-REACH, njl.njl.) ziyasebenza.
Ukuba uthengisa iimpahla ezixabisa i-€150 okanye ngaphantsi kubathengi be-EU kwaye ufuna ukufikelela kubathengi baseGrisi nge-e-commerce, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubhalisele i-IOSS. Ukusebenzisa i-IOSS kukuvumela ukuba uqokelele i-VAT xa uhlawula kwaye uyithumele ngqo, nto leyo esusa iingxaki ze-VAT-emdeni ezidla ngokubangela ukuba iipasela zingavunyelwa. Emva koko, nasiphi na isibhengezo serhafu esisebenzayo kufuneka sidwelise ngokufanelekileyo inombolo ye-IOSS.
Ukuba usebenza nomthengisi werhafu waseGrisi ofanelekileyo okanye inkampani yezothutho efana neTopway Shipping ebandakanya ukususwa kwerhafu kwiinkonzo zayo, amathuba okwenza iimpazamo ngamaphepha akho ehla kakhulu. Abathengisi abaye basebenza ixesha elide bayazi indlela abacinga ngayo abathengisi berhafu baseGrisi, into ebenza bafune ukuhlolwa ngokwasemzimbeni, kunye nendlela yokubonelela ngamaphepha ukuze kungathathi xesha lide. Awunakufumana ngokukhawuleza olo lwazi lweziko ngokusebenzisa nje uluhlu lokuhlola.
Okokugqibela, hlala unolwazi ngezinto ezenzekayo emthethweni. Imeko yezerhafu ye-EU ihlala itshintsha. Ngo-2025, iikhowudi ze-HS zatshintshwa, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubekho utshintsho oluninzi kwiinkqubo zezerhafu yedijithali njengoko i-AADE isebenza ukuphucula iinkqubo zayo. Abathumeli abahambelana nezi zinto, okanye abasebenza neenkampani zezothutho ezibenzela zona, bahlala bekwimeko engcono kunabo basebenzisa iindlela eziphelelwe lixesha.
isiphelo
Amasiko aseGrisi akunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu; alandela imithetho ye-EU eyenzelwe ukukhusela abathengi, ukuxhasa amalungelo obunini bobuchwephesha, ukuqokelela irhafu efanelekileyo, kunye nokugcina imigangatho yokhuseleko lwemveliso iphezulu. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lweziganeko zokwaliwa zinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Zingalungiswa ngaphambi kokuba umthwalo ushiye ilizwe osuka kulo ukuba kukho iingxaki ngamaphepha, iikhowudi ze-HS ezingalunganga, ukungavisisani ngexabiso, iziqinisekiso ezingekhoyo, okanye ukungathobeli i-VAT.
Amashishini afuna ukuphuhlisa uthotho oluqinileyo lokubonelela ngempahla kwimarike yaseGrisi afanele atyale imali kwiinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuthobela imithetho kunye namaqabane anobuchule bokuhambisa impahla. Oku kuya kuwasindisa ixesha elininzi, imali, kunye nezinto ebezinokulahleka. Ukulungisa amaphepha akho kunye nokusebenzisana namaqabane ayaziyo indlela esebenza ngayo izithethe zaseGrisi zizitshixo zeshishini elingenasiphako, nokuba uhambisa iipakeji ezimbalwa ngeveki okanye isikhongozeli esipheleleyo esizele zizo ngenyanga.
I-Topway Shipping ikulungele ukunceda amashishini kwinqanaba ngalinye lenkqubo, ukusuka ekuthumeleni imithwalo ngaphandle kweTshayina ukuya ekuyihambiseni eGrisi. Banolwazi kunye nezixhobo zokugcina imithwalo ihamba kakuhle kwelinye lawona mazibuko abalulekileyo eYurophu.
FAQs
Q: Ithini imiqathango yokuthumela impahla eGrisi ngaphandle kwerhafu?
A: Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla zorhwebo okuxabisa i-€150 okanye ngaphantsi akufuneki kuhlawule iindleko zerhafu, kodwa kusafuneka kuhlawule i-VAT kwi-24%. Ukuba ixabiso lempahla lingaphezulu kwe-€150, kuya kufuneka bahlawule zombini iindleko zerhafu (ngokusekwe kwikhowudi ye-HS kunye nexabiso le-CIF) kunye ne-VAT. Izipho phakathi kwabantu ezixabisa ngaphantsi kwe-€45 azixhomekekanga kuzo zombini.
Q: Ngaba ndifuna inombolo ye-EORI ukuze ndingenise iimpahla eGrisi?
A: Ewe. Ukuba ishishini lifuna ukuzisa izinto eGrisi okanye nakweyiphi na enye ilizwe le-EU ukuze zorhwebo, lidinga inombolo ye-EORI esebenzayo. Imvume yerhafu ayinakwenzeka ngaphandle kwayo. I-ofisi yerhafu yaseGrisi (AADE) iya kukuvumela ukuba ubhalise simahla, kodwa kufuneka wenze njalo ngaphambi kokuba kufike umthwalo wakho wokuqala.
Q: Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba amasiko aseGrisi ayala ukuthunyelwa kwam?
A: Irhafu ingagcina ukuthunyelwa kude kufumaneke amanye amaphepha, iwathumele kumthumeli, okanye, kwiimeko ezibandakanya iimpahla ezingekho mthethweni, iwathathe ngokupheleleyo. IPiraeus ihlawulisa iindleko zokugcina ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuba iimpahla azithathwa, zinokuthathwa ngurhulumente waseGrisi.
Q: Ingaba ubhaliso lwe-IOSS luyimfuneko ekuthengiseleni abathengi baseGrisi?
A: Akufuneki ngokomthetho, nangona kunjalo kuyacetyiswa kakhulu kubathengisi be-e-commerce abathengisa izinto nge-€150 okanye ngaphantsi. Ngaphandle kwe-IOSS, i-VAT iqokelelwa emdeni, nto leyo eyenza abathengi baqhele ukwala ukuhanjiswa. I-IOSS ikuvumela ukuba uhlawule i-VAT xa uhlawula, nto leyo eyenza inkqubo yokuthumela ihambe kakuhle.
Q: I-Topway Shipping inokunceda njani ekukhutshweni kwerhafu yamaGrike?
A: I-Topway Shipping inceda kuzo zonke iinkalo zezothutho, ukususela ekujongeni ukuthobela imithetho ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ukuya ekulungiseleleni amaxwebhu eerhafu kunye nokususa amasiko kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo. I-Topway ibikwishishini lezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwe-15 kwaye igxile ekuthumeleni iimpahla ezivela eTshayina ukuya kwamanye amazwe. Banokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuthunyelwa kuyafika eGrisi ngaphandle kokulibaziseka okanye ukwaliwa okubizayo.
