Indlela ebalwa ngayo iMirhumo yokungenisa impahla kunye ne-VAT yaseFransi kwiimpahla ezinkulu ezivela eTshayina — Ngaphambi kokuba ubhukishe ukuthunyelwa
intshayelelo
Ukuthumela iimveliso ezinkulu ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eFransi akulula. Ukusuka ekuthathweni kwempahla efektri ukuya ekuthuthweni kolwandle, ukuphathwa kwezibuko kunye nokuhanjiswa kweemayile zokugqibela kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kulula ukulahleka kwimpahla uze ulibale ukuba yintoni enokuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyo yonke... iindleko zokufika eziqhutywa ziindleko zerhafu zaseFransi kunye ne-VAT.
Ngowama-2024, iFransi yathenga iimpahla ezixabisa ngaphezulu kwe-USD 77 yeebhiliyoni eTshayina, uninzi lwazo ifanitshala, izixhobo zasekhaya, kunye noomatshini. Kumashishini athumela imithwalo emikhulu okanye emikhulu - iisofa, ii-treadmill, oomatshini bokuhlamba impahla, izitulo zokumasaja, izikuta zombane - umthwalo werhafu unokongeza ngokulula amanye ama-20 ukuya kuma-30 ekhulwini ngaphezulu kwexabiso le-FOB ngaphambi kokuba ukuthunyelwa kube kanye kufike kumsebenzisi wokugqibela. Ukuyibala gwenxa le nto, nokuba yipesenti ezimbalwa, kunokunciphisa yonke imali yakho ekuthunyelweni.
Esi sikhokelo sibhalelwe ngokukodwa abathengisi be-e-commerce abanqumla imida, abaqhubi bewebhusayithi abazimeleyo, abathumeli be-B2B kunye nabaphathi bezothutho abafuna ukwazi kakuhle indlela iirhafu zerhafu zaseFransi kunye ne-VAT ezibalwa ngayo kwiimpahla ezinkulu ezivela eTshayina - ngoko ke akukho mangaliso xa i-invoyisi yokuqinisekisa ifika.
Kutheni Iimpahla Ezinkulu Zithwala Umthwalo Werhafu Ongalinganiyo
Impazamo kukuba irhafu yempahla incinci kakhulu kunemali oyihlawulele ifektri. Enyanisweni, njengelungu leManyano yaseYurophu, iFransi isebenzisa indlela yeCIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) yexabiso lempahla. Oku kubonisa ukuba isiseko serhafu asikokuthenga nje kuphela iimveliso, kodwa neendleko zokuthutha zamazwe ngamazwe kunye neprimiyamu yeinshurensi ukuya kwinqanaba lokungena kwi-EU.
Iipakethe ezincinci nezikhaphukhaphu zinexabiso elincinci lokuthunyelwa kweemveliso, ngoko ke i-CIF ingaphezulu kancinci kunexabiso leempahla. Kodwa kwizinto ezinkulu ezifana neseti yesofa eneziqwenga ezintlanu, i-treadmill yodidi lorhwebo okanye iqela lezitulo zokumasaja, iimpahla zinokwenza inxalenye enkulu yexabiso lilonke lokuthunyelwa. Konke oko kuya ngoko nangoko kwisiseko sokubala umsebenzi. Isikhongozeli sefenitshala esingangeenyawo ezingama-40 ukusuka eGuangzhou ukuya eLe Havre sinokuba neempahla kunye ne-inshurensi ye-EUR 3,000 ukuya kwi-EUR 5,000 nangaphezulu kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemarike. Okukhona ipakethe yakho inkulu kwaye inzima, kokukhona oku kuguquguquka kwandisa uxanduva lwakho lwerhafu iyonke.
Iintsika Ezintathu Zokubala Impahla YaseFransi
Ikhowudi ye-HS
Zonke iimveliso ezingena eFransi kufuneka zihlelwe kwikhowudi yeHarmonised System (HS), ethi emva koko iguqulwe ibe yikhowudi yeTARIC enamanani ali-10 kwinkqubo edibeneyo yerhafu yempahla ye-EU. Le khowudi igqiba ukuba loluphi uxabiso lwerhafu olusebenzayo. Lulolona lwazi lubalulekileyo kulo naluphi na ubalo lwerhafu kwaye ukungachaneki kuyo kuphakathi kweempazamo eziqhelekileyo nezibiza kakhulu ezenziwa ngabangenisi.
Isiseko sedatha seTARIC sifumaneka esidlangalaleni kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeKhomishini yaseYurophu kwaye icandelo leerhafu zaseFransi likwanayo nenjini yokukhangela ku-douane.gouv.fr. Izahluko ze-HS ezifanelekileyo zezinto ezinkulu zasekhaya kunye nezixhobo zokomelela umzimba zingama-94 (ifenitshala), ama-95 (izixhobo zemidlalo), ama-84 (oomatshini kunye nezixhobo) kunye nama-87 (iimoto, kuquka nezikuta zombane). Amaxabiso kwezi zahluko agcwele yonke indawo - nokuba ngaphakathi kwiindidi ezincinci zeemveliso ezibonakala zifana. Kufanelekile ukwenza umgudu wokwahlulahlula iphakheji yakho ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba uyibhukishe.
Ixabiso leRhafu (i-CIF)
Ixabiso leempahla phantsi kwenkqubo ye-CIF liquka ixabiso leempahla kunye neempahla zamazwe ngamazwe ukuya kwizibuko lokungena le-EU, kunye ne-inshurensi. Amagunya eempahla aseFransi anelungelo lokubuza amaxabiso afunyenweyo, ingakumbi ukuba ukuthengiselana phakathi kwamaqela anxulumeneyo kubandakanyekile okanye apho amaxwebhu abonakala enganele. Ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kuye kwanda kakhulu ukusukela ngo-2024: Amasiko aseFransi abambe izinto ezixabisa i-EUR 2.5 yeebhiliyoni ezingazange zixatyiswe ngo-2024 kuphela, kwaye umkhwa wokujonga ngokungqongqo uyaqhubeka ngo-2025 nango-2026. Ii-invoyisi ezichanekileyo nezirekhodwe ngokupheleleyo kunye neentlawulo zokuthutha azinyanzelekanga, ziyimfuneko.
Ilizwe Lemvelaphi
Ishedyuli yerhafu esebenzayo ixhomekeke kwilizwe elivela kulo. I-EU isebenzisa amaxabiso ayo aqhelekileyo eMost Favoured Nation (MFN) kwiimpahla ezenziwe eTshayina, phantsi kweCommon Customs Tariff. Kunye nereyithi yerhafu esisiseko, iindidi ezininzi zemveliso ziphantsi kwamanyathelo ongezelelweyo okulwa nokulahla inkunkuma - oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwezinye iindidi zefenitshala, izinto zentsimbi kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki zabathengi. Soloko ujonga ikhowudi yakho ye-HS eyahlukileyo kwisiseko sedatha se-TARIC se-EU ukuze ufumane amanyathelo ongezelelweyo okukhusela urhwebo ngaphambi kokuba ugqibezele ukuthunyelwa kwakho.
Indlela Esebenza Ngayo Ukubala: Inyathelo Ngenyathelo
Indlela yokubala irhafu iyonke yokungenisa eFransi ilula wakuba uyiqonda into engeniswayo. Nantsi indlela yokubala eqhelekileyo:
Inyathelo 1 — Chonga ixabiso le-CIF
Ixabiso leCIF = Ixabiso leeMpahla + Uthutho lwaMazwe ngaMazwe + i-Inshurensi
Inyathelo lesi-2 — Bala iRhafu yeRhafu
Umrhumo weRhafu = Ixabiso le-CIF x Izinga loMrhumo eliSebenzayo (elimiselwe yi-HS Code)
Inyathelo lesi-3 — Bala i-VAT yokungenisa impahla
Isiseko se-VAT = Ixabiso le-CIF + Umrhumo weRhafu
I-VAT yokungenisa = Isiseko se-VAT x 20% (ixabiso eliqhelekileyo laseFransi)
Inyathelo lesi-4 — Umthwalo weRhafu iyonke
Irhafu iyonke yokungenisa impahla = Umrhumo weRhafu + i-VAT yokungenisa impahla
Umzekelo osebenzayo: uthumela iisofa ezifakwe upholstery ukusuka eShenzhen ukuya eLe Havre ngexabiso le-EUR 8,000. Iimpahla ezidlula elwandle yi-EUR 1,500 kwaye i-inshurensi yi-EUR 200. Ixabiso le-CIF yi-EUR 9,700. I-HS 9401 igubungela iisofa, kwaye izinga lerhafu ye-EU limalunga ne-2.7%. Umrhumo ohlawulwayo uya kuba yi-EUR 262. Isiseko se-VAT siya kuba yi-EUR 9,962 kwaye kwi-20% i-VAT yokungenisa iya kuba yi-EUR 1,992. Ixabiso lakho lilonke lerhafu limalunga ne-EUR 2,254. Ngoko ke lingaphezulu nge-28% kunexabiso lokuqala lokuvelisa. Kumthengisi obeke uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwe-10% kuphela, umsantsa ukhawuleza kwaye unzima.
Amaxabiso eMirhumo yeReferensi yeeNdidi zeMveliso eziQhelekileyo eziGqibeleleyo
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa amaxabiso erhafu e-EU abonisa iindidi zeemveliso ezihlala zithunyelwa njengemithwalo emikhulu ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eFransi. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze naluphi na ukhetho lweshishini, soloko ujonga ikhowudi ye-TARIC yokwenyani kunye nexabiso langoku njengoko amaxabiso etshintsha ngomthetho wezorhwebo we-EU kunye nophando oluchasene nokulahla inkunkuma.
| Udidi lweMveliso | Isahluko se-HS | Izinga loMrhumo eliqhelekileyo le-EU | Umngcipheko Wokuchasana Nokulahla Inkunkuma |
| Iisofa ezine-upholstery kunye nezihlalo | 9401 | 2.7% - 5.6% | low |
| Mathematics | 9404 | 2.5% - 5.0% | low |
| Iitafile zokutyela / ifenitshala yegumbi lokulala | 9403 | 2.7% - 5.6% | Eliphakathi (umthi) |
| Izixhobo zokutreadmill kunye nezixhobo zokuqina komzimba | 9506 | 2.7% | low |
| Izitulo zokuphulula | 9401 / 9019 | 2.7% - 3.7% | low |
| Iifriji | 8418 | 1.5% - 2.7% | Phantsi–Phakathi |
| Oomatshini bokuhlamba iimpahla | 8450 | 2.7% | low |
| Izinto zokuhlamba | 8422 | 2.2% | low |
| Iiscooter zombane / iibhayisekile ze-elektroniki | 8711 | 6.0% - 48.5%* | Phezulu* |
| Iihoods ze-range kunye nee-cooktops zegesi | 8414 / 7321 | 1.7% - 3.7% | low |
| Izikrini zokubonisa zorhwebo | 8528 | 0% - 2.5% | low |
* Iibhayisekile zombane zaseTshayina kunye nezinye iindidi zee-e-scooters ziye zathwaliswa imithwalo enzima yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kunye nemithwalo echaseneyo kwi-EU kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngaphambi kokuba ucwangcise umthwalo kweli candelo, soloko ujonga amanyathelo asebenzayo akhoyo ngoku.
Impembelelo yokuHlehliswa kwe-VAT — Ingongoma ebalulekileyo yokusebenza
Enye yezona nguqu zibalulekileyo zenkqubo ezichaphazela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eFransi ngumhla wokuhlawulwa kwe-VAT. Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2022, i-VAT yokungenisa eFransi itshintshelwe kumgaqo wokuhlawuliswa kwentlawulo enyanzelekileyo (ukumiswa kwentlawulo). Ngaphambili, abathumeli bempahla babelindeleke ukuba bahlawule i-VAT ekukhutshweni kwerhafu baze bayibuyisele ngeefayile zabo zokubuyisela i-VAT rhoqo - umthwalo wemali onokuba nzima kwiimpahla ezinkulu ezithunyelwayo.
Inkqubo ekhoyo ifuna ukuba inkampani engenisa impahla eFransi ibe nenombolo ye-VAT esemthethweni yaseFransi. Amashishini angengowase-EU, afana nabathumeli bangaphandle baseTshayina okanye iiarhente zabo ezisebenza njengabathumeli bamazwe angaphandle ababhalisiweyo, adla ngokufuneka ukuba atyumbe ummeli wezemali eFransi. I-VAT ihlawulwa emva koko ngomjikelo wesiqhelo wokubuyisela i-VAT endaweni yokuhlawulwa kwangaphambili kwirhafu. Olu tshintsho luluncedo olukhulu kubathumeli bamazwe aqhelekileyo, abaya kubona iimfuno zabo zokusebenza zincitshiswa kakhulu, kodwa kudala intloko ebuhlungu malunga nobhaliso lwe-EORI kunye nokumelwa kwemali ekufuneka kujongwane nayo ngaphambi kokuba kufike ukuthunyelwa kokuqala.
Kubalulekile ukuba kubekho impembelelo esebenzayo kubathumeli bangaphandle baseTshayina ababonelela ngenkonzo ye-DDP: awunakubeka nje "i-DDP" kwi-invoyisi yeshishini lakho uze ushiye indlela yerhafu icwangciswe kakuhle. Ufuna ubukho be-VAT yaseFransi obucwangcisiweyo ngokupheleleyo, okanye iqabane elinokubonelela ngale nto.
Imisebenzi Yokulwa Nokulahla Inkunkuma — Irhafu Efihliweyo EnokuLiphinda Kabini Ixabiso Lakho
Iindleko eziqhelekileyo zerhafu kwiimpahla ezininzi zabathengi ezivela eTshayina zincinci, ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-12 yeepesenti, kwaye umyinge ngokubanzi umalunga ne-4.2 yeepesenti. Iirhafu zokulwa nokulahla impahla kunye ne-countervail ziyinto eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye yenye yezona ngxaki zinkulu zemali kubathengisi abangakhange benze uphando olufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.
I-EU isebenzisa amanyathelo okulwa nokulahla inkunkuma ukuze ikhusele ishishini layo lasekuhlaleni kwizinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngamaxabiso athathwa njengangaphantsi kwexabiso eliqhelekileyo lemarike. Zihlawuliswa ukongeza kwimirhumo eqhelekileyo ye-MFN kwaye zinokuba phezulu kakhulu. I-EU iqhuba rhoqo uphando olutsha lokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kwaye ivavanya amanyathelo akhoyo. Ngoko ke udidi lwemveliso olwalucacile kunyaka ophelileyo lunokuthathwa amanyathelo amatsha xa isitya sakho sifika. Kwimpahla ezinkulu ezivela eTshayina, ugxininiso olukhulu lokunyanzeliswa luye lwagxila kwiintlobo ezithile zefenitshala yokhuni oluqinileyo, iimveliso zesakhiwo ezisekwe kwintsimbi, kunye neemoto zombane ezinamavili amabini.
Njengendlela engcono yokwenza izinto, soloko ujonga isiseko sedatha se-TARIC se-EU ukuze ufumane naziphi na iindlela zokuzikhusela zorhwebo ezinokuthi zisebenze kwikhowudi yakho enamanani ali-10 njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwakho oluqhelekileyo lokuthunyelwa kwangaphambili – ngalo lonke ixesha, kungekuphela nje ngexesha lokuqala useka indlela yorhwebo. Imigaqo ingatshintsha phakathi kokuthunyelwa.
Ukhetho lwe-Incoterms kunye neziphumo zalo zerhafu
I-Incoterms esekwe phakathi komthengisi nomthengi ayigqibi nje kuphela ukuba ngubani ojongene nomngcipheko wempahla kunye ne-inshurensi, kodwa nokuba ngubani osebenza njengomthumeli werekhodi - kwaye ngenxa yoko ngubani onoxanduva ngokusemthethweni kwiindleko zerhafu kunye ne-VAT. Oku kunemiphumo ebonakalayo kwangoko ekuphathweni kwemithwalo emikhulu kumda waseFransi.
I-DDP (Delivered Duty Payed) – umthengisi uhlawula zonke iindleko kuquka iirhafu, irhafu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwindawo yomthengi. Le yeyona ndlela inomtsalane kubathengi baseYurophu kuba yenza izinto zibe lula kubo – bahlawula ixabiso elinye elibandakanyayo kwaye bazisa iimpahla emnyango wabo. Nangona kunjalo, ifuna inkampani ethengisayo ifumane inombolo ye-VAT yaseFransi (okanye iarhente yezemali), ukuze iphathe izibhengezo zerhafu ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ithwale iindleko ezipheleleyo kunye nobunzima bolawulo bokuthobela imithetho. Ukuba imiqathango yi-DAP okanye i-CIF, umthengi unoxanduva lweemfuno zokungenisa. Ukungavisisani okubiza kakhulu kunye nokulibaziseka kokukhupha impahla zizinto ezibangela ukungahambelani kwe-Incoterms, ngakumbi kubathengi abancinci be-e-commerce kumaqonga aseYurophu abacinga ukuba umthengisi unyamekela yonke imisebenzi.
Uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lweendleko zokufika kwimpahla enkulu exutyiweyo
Umzekelo osebenzayo obonisa indlela ezi zinto zidibene ngayo kwimeko yokwenyani: Umthengisi waseTshayina uthumela isitya esinye seenyawo ezingama-20 esinezitulo ezili-10 zokuphulula kunye nee-treadmill ezi-5 kumthengi oseLyon, eFransi, ngokwemigaqo ye-DDP. Igalelo lomaleko ngamnye weendleko kwixabiso lokwenyani lokufika liboniswe kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| ixabiso Component | Imali (EUR) | amaNqaku |
| Ixabiso lefektri (iFOB Shenzhen) | 12,000 | Ixabiso leempahla ezibhengeziweyo |
| Impahla yolwandle (ukuya eMarseille) | 1,800 | I-LCL idityanisiwe |
| I-inshurensi yaselwandle | 150 | ~0.5% yesiseko se-CIF |
| Ixabiso le-CIF (isiseko seerhafu) | 13,950 | Isishwankathelo sangasentla |
| Umrhumo Weerhafu — izitulo zokumasaja (~3.7%) | 516 | Ifakwe kwiCIF |
| Umrhumo Weerhafu — ii-treadmill (~2.7%) | 376 | Ixutywe ngokwahlulwa kwezigaba |
| Iyonke iRhafu yeRhafu | 892 | |
| Isiseko se-VAT (CIF + Intlawulo iyonke) | 14,842 | |
| I-VAT evela ngaphandle (20%) | 2,968 | Ireyithi esemgangathweni |
| IiRhafu eziNgenisayo zizonke | 3,860 | Irhafu + i-VAT idityanisiwe |
| I-Customs brokerage kunye nokuphathwa kweeport | 350 | Iindleko eziqhelekileyo zearhente |
| Ixabiso lokugqibela eliqikelelweyo lokufika (eLyon) | 18,200 | Isango lomzi-mveliso ukuya ekuhanjisweni |
Kwimeko enjalo, irhafu yokungenisa impahla kunye neendleko zokuphatha impahla zithatha i-52% yexabiso lefektri ye-FOB. Ukuba ishishini libeka ixabiso lemveliso yalo ngokwexabiso le-10-15%, liza kuba lilahlekelwa kakhulu xa impahla iziswa.
Kutheni Ukukhetha Kwakho Iqabane Lezothutho Kubaluleke Ngakumbi Kunokuba Ucinga
Ngokufuthi umahluko phakathi kweqabane lezothutho eliqonda ngokupheleleyo ukuthobela imithetho ye-EU kunye nelinye elingaqondiyo unokulinganiswa ngamawaka eedola ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye. Iingozi ziphezulu kakhulu kwiimpahla ezinkulu ezivela eTshayina ukuya eFransi, apho indibaniselwano yeendleko eziphezulu zokuthutha, amaxabiso aphezulu e-CIF kunye namaxabiso erhafu ethile yemveliso idala ukuvezwa kwezemali okudibeneyo.
I-Topway Shipping yinkampani enobuchule yokubonelela ngezisombululo zempahla engaphaya kwemida eseShenzhen, eTshayina. Igxile ekuthumeleni impahla eninzi kakhulu nenzima eYurophu naseMntla Melika ukusukela ngo-2010. Iqela labasunguli linamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 okusebenza ngezandla kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwempahla engaphandle kwelizwe esebenza kwezinye zezona ntlobo zempahla zinzima kakhulu kushishino lokuthumela impahla eTshayina.
I-Topway Shipping igubungela lonke uthotho lwezinto ezithunyelwayo ukusuka ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni: ukuthuthwa kweelori kwinqanaba lefektri, ukuhlanganiswa kunye nokufakwa kweebhokisi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kwiindawo zokugcina impahla zaseShenzhen, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle kwimiqathango yomthwalo ogcweleyo (FCL) kunye nomthwalo ongaphantsi kwesikhongozeli (LCL), ukususwa kwempahla ngaphakathi kumazwe angama-25 angamalungu e-EU, imisebenzi yokugcina impahla phesheya kwezilwandle yokuhanjiswa okucwangcisiweyo kunye nolawulo lokubuyiswa kwezinto kunye nokuhanjiswa kokugqibela kwidilesi yomthengi. Inkqubo yolawulo lwezinto ezithunyelwayo yeTopway ilandelela lonke uhambo ngexesha langempela - ukuze abathengi bazi ngokuchanekileyo apho imveliso yabo ikhoyo, ukusuka esangweni lefektri ukuya emnyango wangaphambili.
I-Topway Shipping igxile kwinto eyibiza ngokuba yi-supersized freight, izinto eziziinxalenye eziziimitha ezisi-8 ezinobunzima obufikelela kwiitoni ezisi-8 kunye nomphetho omnye ongaphezulu kweemitha ezisi-8 okanye ubude obungaphezulu kweemitha ezi-2.57. Olu luhlobo lokuthunyelwa kwempahla olungayi kuchukunyiswa ngabathumeli bempahla abasebenzayo, okanye oluya kwenza kakubi. I-Topway yakhe iziseko zophuhliso zomzimba, ubudlelwane bothutho kunye nothungelwano lokuhambisa olufunekayo ukulawula iimfuno zeentlobo ezifana nezixhobo zokomelela zorhwebo, izakhiwo ezinkulu zangaphandle, oomatshini bemizi-mveliso kunye nefenitshala enkulu ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza yaseYurophu.
Inkonzo ye-DDP yenkampani kumazwe angama-25 e-EU - kuquka iJamani, iFransi, i-Itali, iSpain, iNetherlands, iPoland kunye namanye ali-19 - ithetha ukuba abathengisi baseTshayina banokubonelela ngamava okuthenga angenamthungo, aquka imisebenzi kubathengi babo baseYurophu ngaphandle kokujongana nezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zerhafu kwimarike nganye. Ngeempahla ezingaphezulu kwama-2,000 ezithunyelwayo ngenyanga, iiakhawunti zabathengi ezisebenzayo ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 kunye namaqabane okukhula kweshishini angaphezu kwe-100, iTopway ibonelela ngokuguquguquka kunye nokuthembeka okufunekayo kushishino olukhulu lwempahla nge-DDP. imithwalo yolwandle izinga lokuhanjiswa ngexesha rhoqo elingaphezulu kwe-91% ngaphakathi kwexesha leentsuku ezingama-45 ukuya kwezingama-55. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe yiya ku-www.topwayshipping.com.
Uluhlu Lokuhlola Olusebenzayo Ngaphambi Kokuthunyelwa
Kukho uhlolo oluninzi olufanele lwenziwe ngumntu wonke onolwazi ngokungenisa impahla okanye umthengisi onqumla imida ngaphambi kokuba avume ukuthunyelwa kweempahla ezinkulu ezivela eTshayina ukuya eFransi. Akukho nanye kwezi nkqubo inzima ngokwetekhnoloji, kodwa zonke zihlala zingafakwanga ziinkampani ezithi emva koko zibe nezinto ezingalindelekanga ezingezizo ezo mpahla kwimida.
Inyathelo lokuqala kukuqinisekisa ikhowudi ye-TARIC echanekileyo enamanani ali-10 kwimveliso nganye ekuthunyelweni kwakho. Musa ukukholelwa kuyo yonke into oyivayo kumthengisi wefektri, badla ngokusebenza kwiindidi ezindala okanye eziqikelelweyo. Okanye uqeshe umthengisi werhafu onelayisenisi. Okanye sebenzisa i-portal esemthethweni ye-EU TARIC. Inqanaba lesibini kukufumanisa ukuba kukho na amanyathelo asebenzayo okulwa nokulahla inkunkuma okanye ukuhlawula phantsi kwaloo khowudi. Inqanaba lokugqibela kukudala imodeli epheleleyo yeendleko ezifikelelweyo, ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lakho le-CIF, izinga lerhafu, i-20% ye-VAT kunye neentlawulo zokuthengisa nokuphatha ezilindelekileyo, ngaphambi kokuba usete amaxabiso okuthengisa okanye usayine iodolo yokuthenga. Inyathelo lesi-4: Jonga umthengisi wakho wesivumelwano serekhodi, ubhaliso lwe-EORI kunye nenombolo ye-VAT yaseFransi, ingakumbi ukuba ungumbutho ongekho phantsi kwe-EU othengisa ngemigaqo ye-DDP.
Ukuba wenza ezi nkqubo ekuqaleni, irhafu yinto elawulwayo, enokucwangciswa kwaye ayiloxabiso eliguquguqukayo elinokuhamba naphi na. Le sisiseko senkampani esebenzayo enqumla imida, esekelwe kwimpahla enkulu evela eTshayina ukuya eFransi.
isiphelo
Irhafu yerhafu yerhafu yaseFransi kunye ne-VAT yokungenisa impahla kwiimpahla ezinkulu ezivela eTshayina aziyonto ingaqondakaliyo, zilandela indlela ecacileyo. Umngeni kukuba uninzi lwabathengisi nabangenisi abawuqikeleli ngokwaneleyo umphumo wokunyuka kwe-CIF kwiimpahla ezinkulu ezithunyelwa ngempahla, bayaphoswa ngumngcipheko wokulwa nokulahla impahla kwiindidi ezithile kwaye abacebi iimfuno zobhaliso lwe-VAT kunye nokumelwa kwemali ngoku okulawula ukuqokelelwa kwe-VAT yokungenisa impahla eFransi.
Akuyonto nje kuphela ukubala kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba ubhukishe ukuthunyelwa – ngumahluko phakathi kwendlela yorhwebo enengeniso kunye nomsebenzi ochitha imali yakho kwisikhongozeli ngasinye osithumelayo. Ukuba unolwazi oluchanekileyo ngemirhumo, udidi olufanelekileyo lwemveliso kunye neqabane lezothutho elifana neTopway Shipping elinolwazi oluphezulu lwemirhumo kunye namava amaninzi e-EU, ukuthumela izinto ezinkulu ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eFransi kunokuba lishishini elinokwandiswa kakhulu nelikhuphisanayo.
Imakethi yaseFransi iyaqhubeka nokuba yenye yeemarike zabathengi ezixabisekileyo eYurophu, inemfuno eqhubekayo yefenitshala, izixhobo zokomelela, izixhobo zasekhaya kunye nezinye iindidi apho iTshayina inenzuzo enkulu kwixabiso lokuvelisa. Ithuba liyinyani kwaye likhulu. Icebo kukufumana amanani akho efanelekile - ngaphambi kokuba loo mpahla iphume kumgangatho wefektri.
FAQs
Q: Ngaba kukho umda wexabiso ongaphantsi apho kungekho rhafu yerhafu isebenzayo kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa eFransi zivela eTshayina?
A: Ewe. Phantsi kwemithetho ye-EU, iimveliso ezinexabiso lerhafu elingaphantsi kwe-EUR 150 azihlawuliswa irhafu yerhafu. Nangona kunjalo, i-VAT ihlawuliswa kwiimpahla ezinexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-EUR 22. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthunyelwa izinto ezinkulu, ezi mfuno azikho, njengoko ukuthunyelwa kwefenitshala kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu kungadlula le mida.
Q: Ndinganciphisa isiseko serhafu ngokuhambisa phantsi kwemigaqo ye-FOB okanye ye-DAP endaweni ye-CIF?
A: Ewe. Phantsi kwemithetho ye-EU, iimveliso ezinexabiso lerhafu elingaphantsi kwe-EUR 150 azihlawuliswa irhafu yerhafu. Nangona kunjalo, i-VAT ihlawuliswa kwiimpahla ezinexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-EUR 22. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthunyelwa izinto ezinkulu, ezi mfuno azikho, njengoko ukuthunyelwa kwefenitshala kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu kungadlula le mida.
Q: Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukucocwa kwempahla kwiinqanawa ezinkulu zaseFransi?
A: Ngokwesiqhelo usuku olunye ukuya kwezintathu zokusebenza ukuba amaphepha akho alungile. Oko kuquka i-invoyisi yorhwebo, uluhlu lokupakisha, i-bill of lading, isatifikethi semvelaphi, kunye nenombolo ye-EORI. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokulibaziseka ngamaphepha angaphelelanga.
Q: Ngaba ndifuna inombolo ye-VAT yaseFransi ukuze ndingenise iimpahla eFransi njengomthengisi ongengowase-EU?
A: Ewe, ukusukela ngoJanuwari 2022. Amashishini angengawo awe-EU asebenza njengabangenisi berekhodi eFransi kufuneka afumane inombolo ye-VAT yaseFransi kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi amisele ummeli wezemali. Le yimfuno enzima yolawulo phantsi kwenkqubo yokurhoxiswa kwe-VAT enyanzelekileyo ye-EU kwaye ayisiyonto onokuyifumana.
Q: Ngaba indlela yothutho (ulwandle xa kuthelekiswa nomoya) iyayichaphazela irhafu yerhafu?
A: Indlela yokuhambisa impahla ayichaphazeli irhafu esetyenziswayo. Yikhowudi ye-HS kuphela kunye nelizwe elivela kulo ezimisela oku. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokuthutha impahla inefuthe ngqo kwixabiso le-CIF: uloyiko lomoya Ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu kunempahla yolwandle kwimpahla enkulu, nto leyo enyusa isiseko seCIF kwaye ke ngoko isixa esipheleleyo serhafu kunye ne-VAT ehlawulwayo kwimpahla nganye ethunyelwayo.
