Indlela yokusingatha ukuVunywa kweeRhafu zeMizigo kaLoliwe ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-UK
intshayelelo
Uthutho lwezithuthi phakathi kweTshayina ne-UK luye lwasuka ekubeni lukhetho olukhethekileyo lwaya kwindawo ephakathi phakathi kothutho lomoya nolwandle. Lunokubonelela ngexesha elithembekileyo, ungcoliseko oluncinci lwekhabhoni kune uloyiko lomoya, kunye nokuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kuneendlela ezininzi zaselwandle, ingakumbi xa ucinga ngokuxinana kweenqanawa kunye nokulibaziseka ngexesha lonyaka omkhulu. Kodwa xa imithwalo yakho iwela imida, ukususwa kwempahla yerhafu yinto enye enokwenza okanye yaphule inkqubo kaloliwe. Inokuba lula kwaye ikhawuleze okanye ibe luthotho lwezinto ezibanjwayo, iindleko zokugcina, kunye nee-imeyile "ezilindileyo".
Ukususwa kweerhafu kuloliwe phakathi kweTshayina ne-UK akuyongxaki nje kuphela kwi-UK ekupheleni kohambo. Kukho ulandelelwano: okokuqala, kufuneka ulandele imithetho yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle kweTshayina. Emva koko, kufuneka ulandele imithetho yerhafu kumazwe aliqela njengoko uhambisa impahla. Emva koko, kufuneka wenze isibhengezo sokungenisa impahla e-UK. Okokugqibela, kufuneka wenze izinto ezifana nokugcina iirekhodi kunye nokuhlawula i-VAT, ezihlala zilibaleka. Umlenze ngamnye unemithetho yawo, iiprotokholi, kunye nolindelo lwendlela ulwazi olufanele luboniswe ngayo.
Eli nqaku likuxelela indlela yokusingatha ukuvunyelwa kwempahla kaloliwe ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-UK ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni. Uza kufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iimpepha ezibaluleke kakhulu, indlela yokuphepha iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekucwangcisweni nasekuxabiseni, indlela esebenza ngayo iinkqubo zothutho ebomini bokwenyani, kunye nendlela yokwenza icebo eligcina imithwalo iqhubeka.
Ukuqonda Indlela kaLoliwe kunye nesizathu sokuba iCustoms isebenze ngendlela eyahlukileyo
Uninzi lwezitimela ezivela eTshayina ukuya eYurophu zidlula kwiindawo ezingaphezu kwesinye zerhafu ngaphambi kokuba zifike e-UK. I-Customs ibona ukuthunyelwa kwakho njengothotho lweziganeko ezilawulwayo, nokuba kuvakala ngathi "yintshukumo enye." Ezi ziganeko ziquka ukuphuma eTshayina, ukungena kulawulo ngalunye lokuhamba, ukuphuma kuloo lawulo, ukungena e-UK, kunye nokukhululwa ekujikelezeni ngokukhululekileyo (okanye kwinkqubo ekhethekileyo) ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso sakho sokungenisa.
Uloliwe uneempawu ezithile zemveli ezahlukileyo kwezo zamanzi okanye zomoya.
Okokuqala, uloliwe unqumla imida eliqela ngokwemvelo. Isikhongozeli sinokudlula kumazwe amaninzi ngexesha elifutshane. Oku kuthetha ukuba intsimi yedatha engekhoyo enokulungiswa elwandle inokuba yindawo yokumisa uloliwe. Yingakho ukuthunyelwa kololiwe kuzuza lukhulu kuqeqesho lwamaxwebhu oluphambili kunezinye iintlobo zemithwalo.
Okwesibini, amaphepha kaloliwe adla ngokuquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaxwebhu okuhamba kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa ukuba kukho into ehambileyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela kunye nomsebenzisi, ungadibana namanqaku okuthunyelwa kwesitimela kunye nenkqubo yokudluliselwa phakathi kweenkqubo zikaloliwe njengoko ububanzi begeyiji kunye nemiqathango yokusebenza itshintsha. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba wazi indlela yokugcwalisa lonke uhlobo loxwebhu lukaloliwe ukuze udlule kwimida yerhafu, kodwa kufuneka uhlale uhambelana. Ubunzima, inani leepakeji, kunye namaqela kufuneka afane kumaxwebhu orhwebo kunye nawothutho.
Okwesithathu, njengoko i-UK yahlulwe yiYurophu ngamanzi, "inyathelo lokugqibela" ngamanye amaxesha liquka ukuwela okongezelelweyo kunye nokuhlolwa kokugqibela kwerhafu. Ezinye imithwalo zidlula irhafu kwi-EU zize ziye e-UK njengezothutho. Ezinye zihlala zisendleleni zide zifike e-UK. Ukuhamba okukhethayo kuchaphazela apho izibhengezo zenzeka khona kwaye ngubani onoxanduva lwantoni.
Fumana Iindima Ezifanelekileyo Ngaphambi Kokuba Uthethe Ngomsebenzi Wephepha
Amaxesha amaninzi, iingxaki zerhafu zivela kuba abantu badidekile ngemisebenzi yabo endaweni “yamaxwebhu angekhoyo.” Ubuncinane kukho abantu abane abenza izigqibo malunga nokuthuthwa kwemithwalo ngololiwe: umthengisi okanye umthengisi wempahla ngololiwe, umthengisi werekhodi e-UK, umboneleli wezothutho, kunye nomthengisi werhafu, abanokusebenzela umboneleli wezothutho.
Ukuba awuyichazi ngokucacileyo le misebenzi, amaphepha aya kwenziwa abe ngamacandelo, kwaye idatha yerhafu iya kuba ayichanekanga.
Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba yintoni indima yomngenisi werekhodi. Lo mntu unoxanduva ngokusemthethweni kwisibhengezo sokungenisa impahla, ukuhlawula irhafu/i-VAT (okanye ukuyilandela), kunye nokulandela imithetho yokungenisa impahla. Utshintsho lomzuzu wokugqibela kumngenisi lubangela ukulibaziseka okukhulu kuba lunokufuna utshintsho kwii-invoyisi, idatha ye-EORI, ingqiqo yoxabiso, kunye nemvume yokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezithile zerhafu.
Kufuneka ucacise nokuba ngubani onokufikelela kwidatha yerhafu. Kwishishini eliqhutywa kakuhle, umntu omnye “ngumthombo omnye wenyaniso” kwiikhowudi ze-HS, iinkcazo zemveliso, amaxabiso erhafu, kunye neemfuno zelayisenisi. Okukhona kukho ii-imeyile ezininzi kuluhlu apho umntu ngamnye “ehlela” inkcazo, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba i-invoyisi yakho, uluhlu lokupakisha, kunye nesibhengezo sokungenisa zonke ziya kuba neenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo.
Iintlawulo zeSiseko eziPhambili ekufuneka uzicwangcisele
Ukuthobela imithetho yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eTshayina
Abathumeli bempahla kwamanye amazwe abasoloko becinga ngeenkqubo zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle zaseTshayina “njengemvume yerhafu,” kodwa ukuthobela imithetho yokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe kuseyisango. Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kusenokungafiki nakwisitishi sikaloliwe ukuba uthumeli ngaphandle akanawo amandla afanelekileyo okuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe okanye ukuba kukho imida ekuthunyelweni kwemveliso kwamanye amazwe.
I-invoyisi yorhwebo, uluhlu lokupakisha, kunye nesibhengezo sokuthumela ngaphandle kufuneka zifakwe ngumthumeli ngaphandle (okanye iarhente ayikhethileyo) ukuze afumane imvume yokuthumela ngaphandle. Ezinye iintlobo zeemveliso zinokufuna iimvume ezongezelelweyo okanye ukuhlolwa. Ukungqinelana kubalulekile nokuba imveliso ayinqunyelwanga. Idatha yesibhengezo sokuthumela ngaphandle saseTshayina kufuneka ihambelane namaxwebhu orhwebo aza kusetyenziswa ekugqibeleni ukuxhasa ukungena kwe-UK.
Iinkqubo zoThutho oluPheleleyo kwiMida
Ukuthunyelwa ngololiwe kudla ngokuhamba kummandla omnye okanye ngaphezulu werhafu phantsi kwenkqubo yokuthutha. Ukuthutha kukho ukuze iimpahla zikwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuhlawula iirhafu zokungenisa impahla kuyo yonke imida. Sisixhobo esiluncedo, kodwa sifuna idatha echanekileyo ukuze isebenze. Ukuba ubala inani elingalunganga leepakethe, kunokubangela impazamo yokuthutha kunye nokulinda.
Uthutho lulawulwa ngeenkqubo kunye neziqinisekiso, kwaye lujongwa kwiindawo zomda. Ingongoma ephambili ilula: amaphepha akho kufuneka "alungele umda" ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Iindawo zokumisa imida zezona ndawo zimbi zokulungisa ubunzima obungalunganga, ulwazi olungekhoyo lwabathumeli, okanye iinkcazo ezingacacanga zeempahla.
UK uGunyaziso lokungeniswa ngaphandle
Xa ufika e-UK, kufuneka ugqibe ukuba ufuna ukungenisa iimveliso zakho kwindawo yokusasazwa kwamahhala ngoko nangoko, uzibeke kwinkqubo ekhethekileyo, okanye uzithuthele kwindawo yokuthutha ukuze zivunyelwe. Injongo yokungeniswa kwempahla okuqhelekileyo kukukhululwa kwindawo yokusasazwa kwamahhala kunye neerhafu ezifanelekileyo kunye ne-VAT yokungenisa ehlawulweyo.
Ukuze ufumane imvume e-UK, kufuneka ube nenombolo ye-EORI esebenzayo, iikhowudi zempahla ezifanelekileyo, ixabiso elifanelekileyo, izibhengezo zemvelaphi efanelekileyo (ukuba ubanga ukhetho), kunye nalo naluphi na olunye uxwebhu olubonisa ukuba iimpahla ziyahlangabezana nemithetho. I-UK inemiqathango engqongqo emva kokuvunywa, ngoko ke "ukukhululwa" akusosiphelo. Ukugcina iirekhodi nokuqinisekisa ukuba idatha ichanekile kubalulekile kuphicotho-zincwadi lwexesha elizayo.
Amaxwebhu Aqinisekisa Ukuvunyelwa Kwemali
Ukususwa kwempahla ngokweerhafu kusekelwe kwizibalo. La maxwebhu ngamabhokisi nje agcina idatha. Impahla ngokweerhafu idla ngokubamba impahla ethunyelweyo kuba ayinakufumana iinkcukacha ezithile ezibalulekileyo ngayo, njengokuba zizinto ezinjani, zingaphi, zixabisa malini, zivela phi, kwaye ngubani onoxanduva ngokusemthethweni.
Nantsi uluhlu lokuhlola oluluncedo oluhambelana namaphepha nenjongo kunye noxanduva lwawo.
| Uxwebhu | Ngubani odla ngokuyilungiselela | Kutheni iCustoms Ikhathalela | Indawo yokusilela eqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-invoyisi yentengiso | Umthengisi/umthengisi ngaphandle (ngamanye amaxesha umthengisi unikezela ngeetemplate) | Ixabiso, imali, imiqathango yokuthengisa, amaqela, iinkcazo zezinto | Iinkcazo ezingacacanga, ii-Incoterms ezingekhoyo, amagama emali angangqinelaniyo |
| Uluhlu lokupakisha | Umthengisi / uthumela ngaphandle | Inani leepakeji, ubunzima obupheleleyo/obupheleleyo, ubungakanani, amanqaku | Ukungalingani kwenani leepakeji ne-invoyisi okanye uxwebhu lothutho |
| Uxwebhu lothutho (oluhamba ngololiwe/oludibeneyo) | Umthwali okanye umthumeli wempahla | Ubungqina bokuhamba, ukulungelelaniswa komthumeli/umthumeli | Igama lomthengi lahlukile kwi-invoyisi/umthumeli-mpahla |
| Isatifikethi okanye ingxelo yemvelaphi (ukuba ikhona) | Umthengisi / uthumela ngaphandle | Ixhasa amabango okuqala kunye nokukhetha okunokwenzeka komsebenzi | Ibango lemvelaphi alixhaswa yimithetho okanye amaxwebhu |
| Amaxwebhu okuthobela imveliso (njengoko kufuneka) | Umenzi/umthengisi/umngenisi | Iimpahla eziboniswayo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zase-UK (ukhuseleko, imigangatho) | Ukucinga ukuba "akufuneki" uze ucelwe imvume ephakathi |
| Isatifikethi seinshorensi (ukuba silungiselelwe ngokwahlukileyo) | Umniki-inshorensi/umthumeli | Inceda ekuchazeni izinto zoxabiso kwezinye iimeko | Ixabiso elibhengeziweyo liyangqubana nexabiso le-invoyisi |
| I-EORI yokungenisa impahla kunye nemvume yomthengisi | yokungenisa | Igunya elisemthethweni lokufaka izibhengezo | Umthengisi akanakufaka isicelo kuba imvume ayiphelelanga |
| Iilayisenisi/iimvume (ukuba iimpahla ezilawulwayo) | Umngenisi okanye umthengisi ngaphandle kuxhomekeke kulawulo | Imvume esemthethweni yokungenisa/ukuthumela ngaphandle | Ukufaka isicelo emva kwexesha okanye ukusebenzisa iinkcukacha zeqela ezingachanekanga |
Uluhlu lwee-invoyisi kunye noluhlu lokupakisha lubaluleke kakhulu kuba lusisiseko sayo yonke enye into. Kwimithwalo yoololiwe, neempazamo ezincinci zinokubangela ukulibaziseka okukhulu kuba ulawulo lwemida luhlala lusenzeka kwaye akukho xesha lininzi lokulungisa idatha.
Kungumkhuba olungileyo ukucinga ngenkcazo ye-invoyisi njengento engaphezulu nje koxwebhu lwe-accounting. Sebenzisa amagama emveliso acacileyo, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, imisebenzi, kunye neereferensi zemodeli endaweni yokuthi “izincedisi” okanye “iindawo ezingasetyenziswayo.” Amagosa erhafu kunye neenkqubo zomngcipheko ezenzekelayo zisebenza ngcono xa zinolwazi oluthe kratya.
Ulwahlulo lwe-HS: Umthombo Ozolileyo Weengxaki Ezininzi
Ukwahlulwahlulwa kweempahla kugqiba amaxabiso eerhafu, imida yokungenisa impahla, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuba ngaba kufuneka izatifikethi ezongezelelweyo. Iikhowudi ze-HS ezingalunganga zinokubangela ukubanjwa kwangoko, kodwa zihlala zidala intlungu yokulibaziseka: iirhafu ezingahlawulwanga kakuhle, utshintsho lwe-VAT olubuyela umva, izohlwayo, kunye namazinga aphezulu okuhlola ukuthunyelwa kwezinto kwixesha elizayo.
Ezi patheni zihlala zikhokelela kwiimpazamo ekuhleleni imithwalo kaloliwe.
Omnye ukukopa "iikhowudi ze-HS zomthengisi" ngaphandle kokuzijonga. Ababoneleli banokukunika iikhowudi ezilungileyo kuphela kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zaseTshayina okanye iikhowudi ezisebenza kwezinye iimarike. Nokuba amanani ambalwa okuqala abonakala eqhelekile, ulwahlulo lwerhafu yase-UK lunokwahluka ngokwendlela ebhalwe okanye eqondwa ngayo.
Enye kukusebenzisa iikhowudi ezibanzi kakhulu ukuze zenze amaphepha abe lula. Iinkqubo zerhafu zenzelwe ukufumana izinto ezingaqhelekanga, njengento enexabiso eliphezulu enekhowudi eqhelekileyo engabizi kakhulu. Oko kunokubangela imibuzo eyenza ukuvunyelwa kwetyala kuthathe ixesha elide.
Ukugcina isiseko sedatha esilawulwayo sohlulo yingcinga elungileyo. Kuyo yonke i-SKU okanye usapho lwemveliso, gcina ikhowudi yempahla yase-UK, ingcaciso elula, kunye namanqaku malunga namaphepha okuthobela afunekayo. Endaweni "yokuqikelela okungcono," yenza uvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo xa uzisa imveliso entsha.
Uvavanyo: Ngaphezulu Kwesixa Se-Invoice
Uvavanyo lwerhafu luludwe lwemigangatho olukuxelela ukuba ixabiso lento lingakanani kwirhafu. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba lifane nenani le-invoyisi. I-invoyisi ilungile kwiimpahla ezininzi ezithunyelwayo, kodwa ukuhanjiswa ngololiwe kongeza iindleko ezinokuphoswa, ingakumbi xa iimeko zokuthunyelwa kunye neenyawo zangaphakathi zinzima.
I-Incoterm inefuthe elikhulu kwindlela ozixabisa ngayo izinto. Ukuba ujonga i-invoyisi, isenokuba sele iqulethe ukuthunyelwa ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Ukuba uyijonga ngenye indlela, unokufuna ukongeza ukuthunyelwa kunye ne-inshorensi ukuze ufikelele kwisiseko sexabiso lerhafu elisetyenziswa ekungeniseni impahla kwamanye amazwe.
Kufuneka ulumke nezixhobo kunye nezixhobo. Ukuba umngenisi unike umenzi iimolds, umsebenzi woyilo, okanye ezinye izinto ezingafakwanga kwixabiso leyunithi, ezo zinto zinokufuneka zifakwe kwixabiso lerhafu ngokwemigangatho yovavanyo.
Kungumbono olungileyo ukuba nezezimali kunye nothutho lwempahla zihlale zifana kwasekuqaleni, kuba iimpazamo kwixabiso leerhafu zihlala zenzeka xa “oko kubalwa kwemali kucinga ukuba ixabiso leempahla liphantsi” kunye “oko imithetho yerhafu ithi kufanelekile” zingahambelani.
I-Incoterms: Gqiba ngeMigqaliselo yeSiko ngaphambi kokuba ubhukishe uloliwe
Ii-Incoterms aziyonto “yokuchaza ulwimi olusetyenziswa xa kuthuthwa impahla.” Zinefuthe elithe ngqo ekubeni ngubani ongenisa iirekhodi, ngubani olungiselela ukuthutha impahla, ngubani othatha umngcipheko ngeliphi ixesha, kunye nendlela i-invoyisi yeshishini emele icwangciswe ngayo.
Ezinye ii-Incoterms zenza kube lula ukuhambisa impahla ngololiwe phakathi kweTshayina ne-UK kunezinye, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ungayenza kakuhle kangakanani loo nto.
Ukuba ungumthumeli wempahla e-UK onenkxaso efanelekileyo yerhafu, ungafuna imiqathango ekuvumela ukuba ulawule isibhengezo sokungenisa impahla kwaye uphephe ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okungalindelekanga xa impahla ifika. Ukuba ungumthumeli wempahla omtsha, imiqathango ehlanganisa inkonzo inokwenza umsebenzi wakho ube lula, kodwa kusafuneka ufumanise ukuba ngubani uthumeli wempahla osemthethweni kunye nendlela i-VAT ephathwa ngayo.
Olu luthelekiso olulula olujonga indlela amasiko achaphazela ngayo yonke into.
| Incoterm | Ngubani oLawula iMizigo ephambili | Ngubani oQhelekileyo oLawula iSibhengezo sokungenisa impahla e-UK | Umngcipheko oQhelekileyo kwiMithetho |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-EXW | umthengi | umthengi | Ukuthobela imithetho yokuthumela ngaphandle kunokuba nzima ukuba umthengisi akaxhasi amaxwebhu okuthumela ngaphandle |
| I-FOB (isetyenziswa kakhulu elwandle kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa njengomkhwa worhwebo) | umthengi | umthengi | Igama elithi "misfit" elithetha "rail" linokudideka iindleko/indawo yokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kwiincwadi zamaphepha |
| FCA | Rhoqo umthengi | umthengi | Isebenza kakuhle ukuba umthengisi angathumela iimpahla ezicociweyo kwindawo ekhankanyiweyo |
| DAP | umthengisi | Umthengi (kodwa umthengisi uhlala edibanisa) | Ukudideka malunga nokuba ngubani ohlawula imisebenzi/i-VAT ukuba akucaciswanga ngokucacileyo |
| I-DDP | umthengisi | Umthengisi (okanye i-arhente yabo) | Umngcipheko omkhulu ukuba umthengisi akalungiselelwanga uxanduva lwe-VAT/EORI yase-UK |
Kusafuneka ucele ukuba kubekho ukungafihlisi nokuba usebenzisa i-DDP okanye i-DAP. Oku kuthetha ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iikhowudi zeempahla eziza kusetyenziswa, zeziphi izinto eziza kuqikelelwa njengexabiso, kunye nokuba ixabiso elichaziweyo liyahambelana na noko kulindelekileyo kwiqela lakho lokuthobela imithetho.
Ukwakha Ingcinga "Yokucacisa Ngaphambi Kokuba Kubekho Isisombululo" Kuloliwe
Imivuzo kaloliwe ilungile. Ukuba ulinda de uloliwe sele uhamba ukuze ugqibezele amatyala okanye ujonge iikhowudi ze-HS, uya kuba ubaleka ngokuchasene newotshi emdeni.
Iphakheji yedatha ecwangcisiweyo eyenziwe ngaphambi kokuba ihambe linyathelo lokuqala kwinkqubo eluncedo yokucoca impahla. Le phakheji ine-invoyisi, uluhlu lokupakisha, uluhlu lwekhowudi ye-HS, ulwazi malunga nokuba iimpahla zivela phi, i-EORI yomngenisi, kunye nalo naluphi na uxwebhu olubonisa ukuba imveliso iyathobela.
Inyathelo elilandelayo kukulungelelanisa izinto ngaphakathi. Ujonga ubungakanani, ubunzima, kunye neenkcazo zezinto ezikwiifayile ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ukwenza oku kwangethuba, ungalungisa iingxaki ngelixa umthwalo usesemvelaphi yawo, apho utshintsho lungabizi kakhulu kwaye kukho ixesha elininzi.
Emva koko, unika umthengisi wempahla kunye nomthumeli wempahla ipasela uze ucele ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili. Umthengisi angazisa imiba malunga nokuhlelwa kwempahla, iilayisenisi ezingekhoyo, okanye imibuzo malunga nexabiso. Umthengisi olungileyo uya kukwazisa ukuba iinkcazo zakho azicacanga kakhulu kwingxelo yase-UK.
Le ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ilungile yenza ukuba izinto zihlale zizinzile. Ngalo lonke ixesha xa uthumela into, iba yinkqubo onokuyenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Inkqubo yeSithethelo sase-UK: Kwenzeka ntoni xa uloliwe usondela
Abarhwebi kunye nabathwali bempahla bajongana neenkcukacha zenkqubo yokungenisa impahla, kodwa kuyanceda ukwazi ukuba isebenza njani e-UK.
I-customs yase-UK ifuna iseti epheleleyo yedatha yesibhengezo equka ulwazi lomthumeli-mpahla, iikhowudi zeempahla, ikhowudi yenkqubo ye-customs, ixabiso le-customs, imvelaphi, kunye neereferensi kumaxwebhu axhasayo. I-customs ingacela uluhlu lwe-invoyisi/uluhlu lokupakisha, ubungqina bemvelaphi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubungqina bokuba iimpahla ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwakho kukhethwe ukuba kuhlolwe.
Enye into ngamanye amaxesha eyothusa abathumeli ngumahluko phakathi kokususwa kwempahla emideni kunye neminye imithetho yemida. Nokuba imisebenzi ilungile, ezinye izinto zingagcinwa ngenxa yokhuseleko, imigangatho, okanye ezinye iitshekhi zomthetho. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka ucinge ngamaphepha okuthobela imveliso njengenxalenye yephakheji yempahla emideni.
Ukuphatha i-VAT kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungafuneka uhlawule i-VAT yokungenisa kumda okanye usebenzise indlela evumelekileyo, kuxhomekeke kwindlela esebenza ngayo indlela omise ngayo i-UK. Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, izibhengezo zakho kufuneka zihambelane neengxelo zakho ze-VAT. Ukuba izinto azikho ngokulandelelana, kunokuba nzima ukuzivumelanisa emva koko.
Ukuthutha ngokuchasene nokucoca izithuthi eBorder: Ukukhetha Indawo Efanelekileyo Yokucoca izithuthi
Amanye amashishini afuna ukuba iimpahla zawo zigqitywe kwangoko nje xa zingena e-UK. Abanye abantu bathanda ukufudukela kwindawo engaphakathi apho umthengisi, indawo yokugcina impahla, kunye nabasebenzi bokuthobela imithetho banokusebenzisana ngokufanelekileyo.
Xa yonke into ihamba kakuhle, ukucocwa komda kunokuba lula. Kodwa kunokuba nzima kuba iindleko zokugcina izinto kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zinokunyuka ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho umbuzo.
Ukucoca umhlaba ngaphakathi kunokukunceda ulawule imisebenzi yakho. Ungafikelela lula kwiincwadi, usebenze lula kwindawo yokugcina impahla, kwaye ucwangcise amadinga ngokuthembekileyo.
Ukhetho olufanelekileyo luxhomekeke kwinto oyithumelayo, umngcipheko ozimisele ukuwuthatha, kunye nokuba inkqubo yakho yokubhala amaxwebhu ingakanani. Ukuba usasebenza ekuzinziseni iikhowudi ze-HS kunye noqeqesho lwe-invoyisi yomthengisi, ukucoca ngaphakathi kunokukunceda wonge imali kwaye kukunike ixesha elingakumbi kwiingcango ezixakekileyo.
Izinto Ezilawulwayo Nezinto Ezibangela Ukuthobela Imithetho “Ezingabonakaliyo”
Ukulibaziseka okuninzi kwenzeka xa imveliso ibonakala ingalawulwa, kodwa ineendawo ezibangela ulawulo. Cinga ngezinto ezineebhetri, ezisebenza ngaphandle kweengcingo, ezineekhemikhali, ezenza amabango ezonyango, okanye ezingene kwimveliso. zoqhagamshelwano nokutya.
Ukuvunyelwa kwerhafu ngamanye amaxesha kukuqala kwezi ngxaki kuba idatha yerhafu kunye neenkcazo zemveliso zijongwa ukuba azinabungozi na. Ukuba i-invoyisi yakho inento efana "nesixhobo esikrelekrele," ungacelwa ukuba uqinisekise ukuba ulandela imithetho yase-UK malunga ne-elektroniki, izixhobo zerediyo, okanye ukhuseleko.
Ukugcina iprofayili yokuthobela imveliso kunye neekhowudi ze-HS yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki. Kuhlobo ngalunye lwemveliso, bhala phantsi ukuba ingaba ineebhetri ze-lithium, ithumela imiqondiso yerediyo, kwaye yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa okulawulwayo. Emva koko qiniseka ukuba amaxwebhu okukhupha aneenkcukacha ezichanekileyo xa bewadinga.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokulibaziseka kweMithetho kaLoliwe kunye nendlela yokuziphepha
Isizathu esiqhelekileyo kukuba iinkcukacha zomthumeli kunye nomngenisi azifani. Uxwebhu lokuthutha lunokubonisa ukuba ivenkile yokugcina impahla okanye umthumeli wempahla ungumthumeli, kodwa i-invoyisi inokubhala umthengi. Irhafu ingabuza ukuba ngubani ongenisa impahla ukuba ezi zinto azikho ngokulandelelana kwazo.
Enye into xa ubunzima kunye nokubalwa kweepakethe kungafani. Izikhululo zikaloliwe kunye neendawo zokuwela umda zinokuba ngqongqo kakhulu malunga nokuthembeka kweeyunithi ezivaliweyo. Ukuba uluhlu lokupakisha luchaza iibhokisi ezingama-950 kwaye amaphepha okuthutha athi 940, kukho umahluko onokukhokelela ekuhlolweni.
Kukwakho nokungavisisani okuninzi malunga nokuhlelwa kwempahla. Ungafumana utshintsho okanye ii-holds ukuba umthengisi akaqinisekanga aze afake phantsi kwekhowudi "ekhuselekileyo" ngelixa umngenisi ecinga ukuba enye ikhowudi ichanekile. Ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe, vumelanani ngeekhowudi.
Xa iindleko zingacacanga, kuvela imiba malunga nexabiso. I-Customs ingacela ukuba kuhlalutywe ukuba i-invoyisi ayichazi ngokucacileyo i-Incoterm okanye ayibandakanyi ulwazi olwaneleyo malunga neendleko zokuthutha impahla.
Okokugqibela, imvelaphi yingxaki eqhelekileyo xa iinkampani zizama ukufumana irhafu ephantsi ngaphandle kobungqina obaneleyo. Yitsho ngokucacileyo ukuba awufuni ukukhetha. Ukuba ungathanda ukukhetha, lungela ukukuxhasa oko.
Inkqubo Esebenzayo Yenyathelo Ngenyathelo Onokuyiphinda Uyisebenzise
Fumana ulwazi oluphambili malunga nemveliso kuqala. Oku kuquka iinkcazo zemveliso ezilungileyo kwizithethe, ilizwe lemvelaphi ngokwemveliso, kunye neemfuno zamaxwebhu okuthobela imithetho. Uya kuhlala ufika emva kwexesha ukuba wenza oku xa uthumela.
Emva koko qiniseka ukuba uluhlu lwakho lokupakisha kunye neetemplate ze-invoyisi ziyafana. Yongeza amasimi e-Incoterms, iinombolo zesalathiso sokuthumela, kunye neenkcazo zenqanaba lezinto ezichanekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba ubunzima kunye nobungakanani buyafana, kwaye usete indlela yokubala iipallet kunye neebhokisi.
Ngaphambi kokuba ucwangcise uhambo lukaloliwe, qiniseka ukuba unalo igama lomthumeli, inombolo ye-EORI, kunye negama lomthumeli. Jonga ukuba umthumeli unemvume yokufaka isicelo somthumeli.
Jonga ulungelelwaniso loxwebhu kwindawo yokuqala. Lungisa naziphi na iingxaki ozifumanisayo ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Le yindawo efanelekileyo yokufumana amandla.
Hlala unxibelelana nathi xa useluhambeni. Isitimela sisekelwe kwiishedyuli, ngoko ke uhlengahlengiso kufuneka lubonwe njengento eyahlukileyo. Ukuba imveliso itshintshiwe, hlaziya iphakheji yecustoms ngoko nangoko endaweni yokuba "uyibhale kamva."
Qinisekisa ukuba umthengisi unamaphepha okugqibela kunye nedatha yesibhengezo njengoko umthwalo usondela e-UK. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngeekhowudi zeempahla okanye ukuba ingakanani na into exabisayo, yiqonde ngaphambi kokuba uye kumda ukuze ungahlawuli ukuyigcina apho.
Emva kokukhululwa, qiniseka ukuba yonke into ilungile. Jonga iinkcukacha zongeniso lwerhafu kwi-invoyisi yakho, i-oda yokuthenga, kunye neerekhodi ze-accounting. Gcina amaxwebhu akho elungile, kuba amagosa erhafu kunye nerhafu anokuwacela kamva.
Ukucwangciswa kwexesha: Apho iingozi zerhafu zigxile khona
Ukuhamba ngesitimela kunokukhawuleza, kodwa ukulungela irhafu kufuneka kukhawuleze nangakumbi. Itheyibhile engasezantsi ibonisa apho iingozi ezinxulumene nerhafu zidla ngokuba zezona ziphezulu khona.
| Isigaba | Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo | Umngcipheko weCustoms | Isenzo sokuthintela esingcono |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ngaphambi kokuhamba | Gqibezela uluhlu lwee-invoyisi/zokupakisha, qinisekisa iikhowudi ze-HS | Iimpazamo ezininzi ezinokuthintelwa zenzeka apha | Sebenzisa uluhlu lokuhlola uxolelwaniso lwamaxwebhu kwaye ujonge kwangaphambili umthengisi |
| Ukusuka kwimida yokuqala | Uloliwe uyahamba, idatha yabelwana ngayo kubaqhubi | Idatha yokuthunyelwa engachanekanga okanye engaphelelanga iya phambili | Tshixa iphakheji yedatha kwaye uphephe utshintsho oluphakathi kwendlela |
| Imida yezothutho | Ukubeka iliso kunye nolawulo lwezothutho | Umahluko ubangela uhlolo okanye ukubanjwa | Qinisekisa ukuba inani leepakethe kunye nezitywino ziyahambelana; gcina iikopi zifikeleleka |
| Indlela yase-UK | Umthengisi ulungiselela isibhengezo sokungenisa impahla | Ukufunyanwa kade kwamaxwebhu okuthobela imithetho angekhoyo | Nika ubungqina bokuthobela imithetho kwangethuba kwaye ugcine iinkcazo zemveliso zicacile |
| Ukufika kunye nokususwa | Isibhengezo singenisiwe, imisebenzi/i-VAT iphathwe | Imibuzo ikhokelela ekulibazisekeni nasekubizeni iindleko zokugcina izinto | Uxanduva olucacileyo ngeempendulo; ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kumaxwebhu omthombo |
| Emva kokususwa kwemvume | Ubalo-mali kunye nokugcinwa kweerekhodi | Uhlolo lokujonga ukuba idatha ayingqinelani | Lungelelanisa okungenisiweyo kwaye ugcine ii-archives ezicwangcisiweyo |
Ukwenza ukuCocwa kweRhafu kube lula ngoMgangatho weDatha
Ngokungakumbi, ukususwa kwerhafu kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Iinjini zomngcipheko zijonga ukusebenza kwangaphambili komthumeli-mpahla kunye nothungelwano lwezothutho, ukuhambelana, kunye nokukholeleka. Oko kuthetha ukuba "umgangatho wedatha" ayisiyonto intle nje kuphela ukuba nayo. Lisantya sokusebenza.
Kungumbono olungileyo ukucinga ngedatha yakho yesiqhelo njengemveliso. Ugcina irekhodi yotshintsho lweekhowudi ze-HS, usebenzisa ulawulo lwenguqulelo, kwaye udinga imvume yokuguqulwa. Uqinisekisa nokuba imveliso efanayo isoloko ichazwa ngendlela efanayo kuyo yonke imithwalo.
Xa unciphisa olu qeqesho, ukuthunyelwa kwakho kuya kuba nzima kakhulu. Amanqaku omngcipheko werhafu ayahla, uhlolo aluqhubeki rhoqo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye abasebenzi bezothutho kufuneka bajongane neengxaki ezimbalwa.
Ixesha lokusebenzisa iQela lezoThutho eliyiNgcali
Usenokuphatha i-custom njengeprojekthi yokuthunyelwa ngakunye ukuba uthumela ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa kwiindlela zokudluliselwa rhoqo ngololiwe, ingakumbi xa kukho ii-SKU ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, iqabane elikhethekileyo linokunceda ngokwenza inkqubo yokususwa kwe-custom.
Iqabane elilungileyo likunceda ukhethe ukuhamba okufanelekileyo (ukususwa komda ngokuchasene nokungena ngaphakathi), limisela inkqubo yamaxwebhu anokusetyenziswa kwakhona, kwaye likulumkise ngeengozi ngezinto ezilawulwayo kunye noxabiso ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Baqinisekisa nokuba uxwebhu lothutho, amaphepha orhwebo, kunye nedatha yesibhengezo zonke zihlala zihambelana kulo lonke uthotho.
Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kubathengisi abenza ushishino ngaphesheya kwemida nakumashishini athengisa iimveliso ezithengiswa ngokukhawuleza, apho ii-SKU zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye amaphepha kufuneka ahlale ekhona.
Ukuthunyelwa kweTopway: Ukhetho Olusebenzayo lweNkxaso yoLungiselelo lweMisebenzi
I-Topway Shipping lukhetho olufanelekileyo ukuba ufuna inkampani enye ikuncede ulawule uthotho lwezothutho kwaye yenze kube lula ukuhlawula irhafu.
I-Topway Shipping, eseShenzhen, eTshayina, ibingumboneleli oqeqeshiweyo wezisombululo ze-e-commerce eziwela imida ukususela ngo-2010. Abantu abaqalise inkampani yethu banamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 kwi-logistics yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwempahla, ingakumbi phakathi kweTshayina ne-US. Siphatha zonke iindawo zekhonkco le-logistics, ukusuka ekuthuthweni kwinqanaba lokuqala ukuya ekususweni kwempahla kunye nokuhanjiswa kwinqanaba lokugqibela. Sikwabonelela ngeenkonzo zokuthutha ulwandle ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kumazibuko aphambili kwihlabathi liphela aguquguqukayo kwaye anokuphatha iikhonteyina ezipheleleyo (FCL) okanye umthwalo ongaphantsi kwesikhongozeli (LCL).
Enyanisweni, olo hlobo lokugubungela ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni lunokwenza kube lula ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi ngololiwe kuba imithetho efanayo isebenza: iipakethi zedatha ezihlala zifana, ukuhanjiswa kwempahla okuhlala kufana, kunye noxanduva olucacileyo lwemigaqo yezerhafu.
isiphelo
Kulula ukususa imithwalo yempahla kaloliwe ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-UK ukuba ucinga ngayo njengomsebenzi ocwangcisiweyo endaweni yomsebenzi womzuzu wokugqibela. Izitshixo zilula: yabela imisebenzi kwangethuba, qiniseka ukuba iseti yedatha yakho yempahla iyafana kuwo wonke umntu, yenza ii-invoyisi kunye noluhlu lokupakisha olucacileyo noluhambelanayo, kwaye wenze uhlolo lwangaphambi kokuhamba ukuze ufumane iingxaki ngaphambi kokuba uloliwe uhambe. Imithwalo yempahla kaloliwe inokuba ngokukhawuleza nangokuthembekileyo njengoko isitsho ukuba unesimilo esihle samaxwebhu, isicwangciso sokucoca esichanekileyo, kunye nomthengisi okanye iqabane lezothutho elikhawuleza ukuphendula. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphesheya kwemida ngokubanzi kunegama elibi lokuthatha ixesha elide kakhulu.
FAQs
Q: Ngawaphi amaxwebhu abaluleke kakhulu okukhutshwa kwempahla ngesitimela e-UK?
A: Uluhlu lwe-invoyisi yorhwebo kunye noluhlu lokupakisha zezona zinto zibalulekileyo, kodwa uxwebhu lokuthutha, iinkcukacha ze-EORI yokungenisa impahla, kunye nayo nayiphi na enye imvelaphi okanye amaphepha okuthobela imithetho nawo abalulekile. Uninzi lwexesha, ukususwa kwempahla kuthatha ixesha elide xa iinkcazo, ubungakanani, ubunzima, okanye iinkcukacha zeqela kula maphepha zingahambelani.
Q: Ngaba ndifuna isatifikethi semvelaphi yazo zonke izinto ezithunyelwa ngololiwe ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-UK?
A: Akunjalo rhoqo. Ukuba ufuna inzuzo yerhafu okanye ukuba izinto ziwela phantsi kolawulo olufuna amaphepha emvelaphi, kufuneka ubonise apho zivela khona. Kusafuneka ubhengeze ngokufanelekileyo imvelaphi yakho, kodwa usenokungafuni isatifikethi esisemthethweni ukuba awufuni ukukhetha.
Q: Ndingayitshintsha na i-invoyisi okanye uluhlu lokupakisha emva kokuba uloliwe umkile?
A: Ewe, unako, kodwa kwenza izinto zibe yingozi ngakumbi. Utshintsho kumaxwebhu aphakathi kwendlela ludla ngokubangela iingxaki ngedatha esele ithunyelwe kubathwali nakwiinkqubo zemida. Ukuba kufuneka wenze utshintsho, qiniseka ukuba onke amaxwebhu akho ahlaziyiwe kwaye wazise umthengisi ngoko nangoko ukuze izibhengezo kunye nolwazi lokuhamba luhlale luhambelana.
Q: Ndingaziphepha njani iimpazamo zekhowudi ye-HS?
A: Yenza isiseko sedatha esilawulwayo sohlulo lweemveliso zakho, jonga iikhowudi zerhafu yase-UK endaweni yokukopa iikhowudi ezivela kubaboneleli bakho, kwaye ubhale phantsi ukuba kutheni uhlulo ngalunye luyinto oluyiyo. Endaweni yokuqikelela ukuba uza kuthunyelwa nini, yenza uvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba wongeze ii-SKU ezintsha.
Q: Yintoni eyona nto ibangela ukuba ukuthunyelwa koololiwe kubanjwe emideni?
A: Idatha engangqinelaniyo okanye engaphelelanga. Ezinye zezinto ezibangela oku kukungangqinelani kweepakeji, iinkcazo ezingacacanga, ulwazi olungalunganga ngomthumeli okanye umthumeli, kunye nemiba malunga nokuhlelwa okanye ixabiso engekaphendulwa okwangoku. Iishedyuli zesitimela zixinene, ngoko ke neengxaki ezincinci zinokujika zibe kukumiswa ngokukhawuleza.
Q: Ngaba kufuneka ndiphume kwimida yase-UK okanye ndithuthe impahla ngaphakathi elizweni?
A: Ukususwa kwempahla emideni kungahamba ngokukhawuleza ukuba yonke into ilungile, kodwa kunokubiza kakhulu ukuba umbuzo ukhokelela kwiindleko zokugcina impahla. Ukususwa kwempahla ngaphakathi elizweni kunokukunika ulawulo olungcono kwaye kwenze kube lula ukusebenza namaqela eendawo zokugcina impahla kunye namaxwebhu. Isigqibo esifanelekileyo sixhomekeke kwinto oyithumelayo, indlela amaphepha akho enziwe ngayo kakuhle, kunye nendlela othanda ukuqhuba ngayo ishishini lakho.
