Iimfihlo ezili-10 eziphambili zokunciphisa iBhili yakho yoThutho lwaseLwandle oluvela eTshayina ukuya e-US ngesiqingatha

 

intshayelelo

Ukuba wakha wathumela izinto ezivela eTshayina ukuya e-US, uyazi ukuba iindleko zokuthutha ulwandle zinokubonakala zingaqikeleleki, zicaphukisa, kwaye zihlala ziphezulu kakhulu. Ixabiso libonakala lilungile inyanga enye, emva koko kwelandelayo linyuka ngaphandle kwesilumkiso. Abathumeli abaninzi bacinga ukuba ezi ntlawulo zibekwe kwinqanaba elinzima okanye azikho ezandleni zabo, kodwa akunjalo konke konke.

Umxube weendlela zokukhetha, ixesha, icebo, kunye nothethathethwano luya kuyo yonke intlawulo yokuthutha impahla elwandle. Iinkampani eziyaziyo indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo zidla ngokuchitha imali encinci kakhulu kunezinye ezamkela nje ikowuteshini yokuqala eziyifumanayo. Asilothamsanqa elenza umahluko. Lulwazi.

Eli nqaku lineengcebiso ezingaphezulu kweshumi zokwenyani, ezivavanyiweyo ezinokukunceda wonge ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% kwityala lakho lokuthutha impahla elwandle ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-US ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ezi azizo iindlela eziyingozi okanye iindlela ezimfutshane. Yonke imihla, abathumeli abanobuchule, abaphathi bezothutho, kunye nabathumeli bempahla basebenzisa la maqhinga ukuthutha impahla kulo lonke iPasifiki.

Ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo zinokukunceda ubuyisele ulawulo lwebhajethi yakho yokuthumela, nokuba uthumela iipalethi ezimbalwa ngenyanga okanye izikhongozeli ezininzi ngeveki.

Ukuqonda apho Iindleko Zakho Zempahla Zivela Khona Ngokwenene

Ngaphambi kokuba unciphise iindleko, kuyanceda ukwazi ukuba uhlawulela ntoni ngokwenene. Kukho izinto ezingaphezu kwesinye zokuthutha ulwandle. Liqela leentlawulo ezidityanisiweyo, ezinye zazo zicacile kwaye ezinye zifihliwe ngoonobumba abancinci.

Nantsi uluhlu olulula lwezona ndleko ziqhelekileyo zokuthutha ulwandle phakathi kweTshayina ne-US.

ixabiso Component	inkcazelo
I-Base Ocean Freight	Ixabiso eliphambili elihlawuliswa yintambo yokuthumela impahla yokuhambisa isikhongozeli
I-Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF)	Intlawulo eyongezelelweyo enxulumene nepetroli
Iintlawulo zokuPhathwa kwetheminali (THC)	Iimali zokuphatha izibuko apho livela khona nalapho liya khona
Imirhumo yoxwebhu	Iindleko zeebhili zemithwalo kunye namaphepha
Ukususwa ozenzele kona	Iindleko zokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokungenisa impahla
Drayage	Ukuthutha iilori ukusuka kwizibuko ukuya kwindawo yokugcina impahla
Iintlawulo zeXesha Eliphakamileyo	Ukwanda okwethutyana ngexesha leemfuno eziphezulu

Uninzi lwabathumeli lunika ingqalelo kwixabiso lokuthutha imithwalo elwandle, kodwa imali yokonga idla ngokuba kukugcina ezinye iindleko ziphantsi.

Ixesha Linamandla Ngakumbi Kunokuba Uninzi Lwabathumeli Luqonda

Ixesha lenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kodwa ezingaqondwa kakuhle ngexabiso. Ukuthutha impahla elwandle kudla ngokuba ngamaxesha athile onyaka, kwaye ukuba ubhukisha ngexesha elingalunganga, amaxabiso akho anokuphindaphindwa kane.

Iindleko zokuthumela impahla zihlala zinyuka ngaphambi kwexesha elikhulu lokuthenga izinto ezifana nokubuyela esikolweni kunye neeholide ekupheleni konyaka. Zikwanyuka kakhulu ngaphambi koNyaka oMtsha waseTshayina, njengoko iinkampani zikhawuleza ukuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe ngaphambi kokuba ivalwe. Ungonga imali eninzi ukuba ungathumela impahla kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi okanye kamva.

Abathumeli abanamava baceba ukuvelisa kunye namanqanaba esitokhwe ngokusekwe kumaxesha onyaka aphezulu. Bashiya ixesha elongezelelweyo ukuze bangathumeli ngamaxesha abiza kakhulu. Ukukwazi ukutshintsha umhla wakho wokuhamba kudla ngokuthetha ukuba iindleko zokuthumela ziphantsi.

Ukukhetha amazibuko afanelekileyo kunokusindisa amawaka abantu ngokuzolileyo

Uninzi lwabathumeli beenqwelo-moya baya kwizibuko elikufutshane bengacingi ukuba lelona khetho lifanelekileyo ngokwemali yabo. Enyanisweni, ukukhetha izibuko kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwixabiso lakho lonke lokufika.

ETshayina, amazibuko amakhulu afana neShanghai, iNingbo, iShenzhen, kunye neQingdao adla ngokuba namaxabiso aphantsi kuba aphatha imithwalo emininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ithrafikhi ingenza amaxabiso asekuhlaleni anyuke. Ngamanye amaxesha, amazibuko amancinci akufutshane enza izinto zihambe kakuhle kwaye anciphise iindleko zokuhambisa impahla ngaphakathi elizweni.

Kwicala laseMelika, ukuxinana kweemoto eLos Angeles naseLong Beach kwenze ukuba abathumeli abaninzi bafune ezinye iindlela, ezifana neOakland, Seattle, Savannah, Houston, okanye eNew York. Nangona ukuthunyelwa ngenqanawa kungathatha ixesha elide, ukonga okubangelwa kukulibaziseka okuncinci kwiindawo zokungena kunye nokungathuthwa ngeelori emhlabeni kunokulungisa loo mahluko.

Ukusetyenziswa kweContainer yiNzuzo eNcinci

Enye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo nezibiza kakhulu kwimithwalo yaselwandle kukuhlawula umthamo weekhonteyina ezingasetyenziswanga.

Isikhongozeli esingangeenyawo ezingama-40 esipheleleyo ngama-70% kuphela sixabisa phantse njengeso sigcwele ngokupheleleyo. Abathumeli abachitha ixesha becinga ngobukhulu obufanelekileyo beebhokisi, iipalethi, kunye neendlela zokulayisha banokunciphisa iindleko zabo zokuthumela ngeyunithi nganye ngobuninzi ngaphandle kokutshintsha iindlela okanye abathwali.

Xa kuthunyelwa impahla encinci, kunokuba nengqiqo ukudibanisa impahla kwiimpahla ze-LCL. Kodwa xa kuthunyelwa impahla eninzi, ukutshintshela kwi-FCL enomthwalo ofanelekileyo kudla ngokuba nexabiso eliphantsi ngeyunithi nganye.

Izigqibo ze-LCL vs FCL maziphinde zijongwe rhoqo

Iinkampani ezininzi zinamathela kwi-LCL okanye kwi-FCL kuba yiloo nto bezisoloko ziyenza. Le yimpazamo ebiza kakhulu.

I-LCL inokuba luncedo kakhulu xa ithengiswa ngexabiso elincinci, kodwa ibiza kakhulu ukuyiphatha, ithatha ixesha elide ukuya apho, kwaye inokwenzeka ukuba ifike emva kwexesha. Xa ivolumu inyuka, inqanaba apho i-FCL iba nexabiso eliphantsi lidla ngokufika ngaphambi kwexesha eliqikelelweyo.

Ukujonga ubungakanani, imvamisa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemitha yetyhubhu rhoqo kuya kukunceda uqonde ukuba lixesha lini lokutshintsha icebo lakho. Amanye amashishini ade asebenzise zombini ezi ndlela, asebenzisa i-LCL kwizinto ezingathengiswa ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-FCL kwizinto ezithengiswa ngokukhawuleza.

Ingxoxo Ilindelekile, Ayinyanzelekanga

Abantu badla ngokucinga ukuba iindleko zokuthumela zibekwe kwinqanaba eliphantsi, nangona kunjalo oku akuyonyani. Phantse yonke into ikulungele ukuxoxwa, nangona kunjalo.

Iinkampani zokuthutha impahla zifuna abathuthi bempahla kunye nabathuthi abakhulu ukuba babale amaxabiso, ingakumbi xa bephethe inani elifanayo lempahla ngalo lonke ixesha. Abathumeli abancinci ngamanye amaxesha banokufumana amaxabiso angcono ngokuvuma ukuthunyelwa rhoqo okanye amaxesha okuqhuba inqanawa anokutshintsha.

Akupheleli nje ekuthobeni ixabiso elisisiseko xa nithethathethana. Ukurhoxisa ezinye iifizi, ukuvalela amaxabiso ixesha elide, okanye ukufumana iintsuku zasimahla kwindawo oya kuyo kunokuba nefuthe elifanayo okanye elikhulu kwimali yakho.

Izivumelwano Ziyawoyisa Amaxabiso Eendawo Amaxesha Amaninzi Kunokuba Zingawo

Amaxabiso e-Spot angabonakala elungile xa imakethi iphantsi, kodwa awazinzile kwaye kunzima ukuwalindela. Kwelinye icala, iikhontrakthi zexesha elide zigcina izinto zizinzile kwaye zikukhusela kutshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwamaxabiso.

Xa imfuno incinci, kusenokubonakala kungabalulekanga ukubambelela kwisivumelwano. Kodwa xa imakethi iqina, abantu abaneekhontrakthi bahlala behlawula isiqingatha semali abafanele bayifumane abathumeli abaxabisa ixabiso elichanekileyo.

Icebo elilungeleleneyo eliquka amaxabiso esivumelwano seevolumu eziphambili kunye nokubhukisha impahla eyongezelelweyo rhoqo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.

Uthutho Lwangaphakathi Lufanelwe Yingqwalasela Elinganayo

Olu hambo alupheleli nje ngempahla yolwandle. Iindleko zokuhamba ngaphakathi kweli lizwe zisenokutya ngokukhawuleza nayiphi na imali eyongiweyo elwandle.

Xa amaxesha okufika, ukususwa kwerhafu, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla kungasebenzi kakuhle, oku kunokukhokelela ekubanjweni, ekunciphiseni iindleko zohambo, kunye neendleko zokugcina impahla. Ezi ntlawulo ziyanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo ngokucwangcisa kakuhle.

Xa usebenza namaqabane ezothutho asebenza ngeenyawo zaselwandle nangaphakathi, ungabona kwaye ubambe wonke umntu uxanduva lwenkqubo yonke yokuthwala impahla.

Ukubonakala Kunciphisa Ixabiso Ngaphezu Kwesantya

Ukuzama ukufumana ixesha lokuhamba elikhawulezayo kudla ngokubiza kakhulu ngaphandle kwezibonelelo zokwenyani. Ukubonakala kokona kunciphisa iindleko.

Ukwazi apho imithwalo yakho ikhoyo, ukuba iza kufika nini, kunye noko kufuneka kwenziwe kwinqanaba ngalinye kukuthintela ekwenzeni izigqibo zomzuzu wokugqibela ezibiza kakhulu. Ukulungiselela kwangaphambili kwenza kube lula ukuba irhafu isuswe, kucwangciswe ixesha lokuphumla, kwaye ukungena kwindawo yokugcina impahla kuhambe kakuhle.

Izixhobo zokulandelela zedijithali kunye nonxibelelwano olusebenzayo azisenamsebenzi. Ziyimfuneko ukuze iindleko zihlale ziphantsi.

Iqabane Elifanelekileyo Lezothutho Litshintsha Yonke Into

Ngaxa lithile, akubalulekanga kangako ukuba wenza ntoni ukunciphisa iindleko zokuthumela kodwa kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba usebenza nabani.

Inkampani yezothutho enolwazi oluninzi iyazi indlela abathwali beenkonzo abaziphatha ngayo, indlela amazibuko asebenza ngayo, indlela imozulu echaphazela ngayo ukuthunyelwa kwempahla, kunye nendlela imithetho etshintsha ngayo. Bacinga kwangaphambili baze bavelise izisombululo zokuthunyelwa kwempahla ezisebenza nemodeli yeshishini lakho ngaphambi kokuba iingxaki zivele kwi-invoyisi.

Kulapho ke abathuthi bempahla abaziingcali behlala besenza ngcono khona kuneendawo zokubhukisha iimpahla ezicwangcisiweyo.

Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kweenqanawa Eziphezulu Okunceda Ngayo Ukunciphisa Iindleko Zokuthutha Iinqanawa E-China-US

I-Topway Shipping ibingumnikezeli ofanelekileyo wezisombululo ze-e-commerce eziwela imida ukusukela ngo-2010. Le nkampani ikwiShenzhen, eTshayina.

Iqela lethu labasunguli linamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 kwihlabathi lokwenyani kwimicimbi yezothutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwempahla, ligxininisa ekuthuthweni kwempahla phakathi kweTshayina ne-US. Siyayazi indlela yokusombulula iingxaki ezincinci ezibiza imali eninzi ekuhambeni kwexesha.

I-Topway Shipping iphatha lonke uthotho lwezinto ezithuthwayo, ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuthutha eTshayina ukuya kwindawo yokugcina izinto kunye nokulungiswa kwempahla eMelika, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuhanjiswa ukuya kuthi ga kwimayile yokugqibela. Sinikezela ngeenkonzo zokuthutha ulwandle ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kumazibuko aphambili kwihlabathi liphela asebenzisekayo kwiimpahla ezithwala umthwalo opheleleyo (FCL) kunye nomthwalo ongaphantsi kwesikhongozeli (LCL).

Sinceda abathumeli bonge imali kwimpahla ngokusebenzisa i-volume leverage, ukulungiswa kwendlela, kunye nokulungelelanisa okusebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle kwaye kulula ukuyibona.

isiphelo

Akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa ixabiso lakho lokuthutha impahla elwandle ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-US ngesiqingatha, kodwa kuya kufuneka utshintshe indlela ocinga ngayo. Uninzi lwexesha, ukonga okukhulu akuveli kwinyathelo elinye elikhulu. Kuvela ekwenzeni ukhetho olukrelekrele malunga nokucwangcisa, ukuhambisa, ukupakisha, ukuthetha-thethana, kunye nentsebenziswano.

Abathumeli bempahla ababona imithwalo njengento ebalulekileyo endaweni yeendleko ezimiselweyo banamathuba amakhulu kunabo bakhuphisana nabo. Akusekho mfuneko yokuthumela impahla ngobuchule kwihlabathi apho imivuzo isoloko iphantsi koxinzelelo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ngokwenene.

FAQs

Q: Ngaba amashishini amancinci angakwazi ngokwenene ukujongana namaxabiso okuthutha impahla elwandle?
A: Ewe. Ubungakanani buyanceda, kodwa iinkampani ezincinci zisenokwenza izivumelwano ngokuthembisa ukuhambisa impahla rhoqo, ukuba bhetyebhetye kwiishedyuli zazo, okanye ukwenza izibophelelo zexesha elide. Ukusebenza nomthumeli wempahla kukunika amandla angakumbi xa uthethathetha.

Q: Ingaba i-LCL isoloko ibiza kakhulu kune-FCL?
A: Akunjalo rhoqo. I-LCL ibiza kancinci kwiimpahla ezincinci, kodwa ukuba ziya zikhula, i-FCL idla ngokuba nexabiso eliphantsi ngeyunithi nganye. Icebo kukujonga ubungakanani bempahla rhoqo.

Q: Ndingabhukisha ixesha elingakanani kusengaphambili imithwalo yolwandle phakathi kweChina ne-US?
A: Iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine ngaphambi kwexesha ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo kunye neeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ngaphambi kwexesha ngamaxesha axakekileyo zezona zilungileyo. Ukubhukisha kwangaphambili kudla ngokukunika amaxabiso aphantsi kunye nendawo eninzi.

Q: Ingaba amaxabiso eekhontrakthi anobungozi ukuba imakethi iyehla?
A: Amaxabiso eekhontrakthi agcina izinto zizinzile. Amaxabiso eekhontrakthi anokwehla okwethutyana, kodwa iikhontrakthi zikhusela ekunyukeni ngequbuliso, okunokonakalisa ngakumbi uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwexesha elide.

Q: Yeyiphi eyona ndleko ifihlakeleyo kwiimpahla zaselwandle?
A: Ukuvalelwa kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zezinye zeentlawulo eziqhelekileyo abantu abazilibalayo. Ukuba izinto azihambi kakuhle kwindawo oya kuyo, naluphi na ugcino olwenzileyo kumaxabiso olwandle lunokuphela ngequbuliso.

Q: Uthutho olufana neTopway Shipping luzinciphisa njani iindleko ezingaphaya kwamaxabiso?
A: Abathumeli abaziingcali bonga imali ngeendlela ezininzi kunokuba babeke amaxabiso nje kuphela. Bakwenza oku ngokucwangcisa iindlela, ukukhetha amazibuko, ukwazi imithetho yerhafu, ukugcina umkhondo wemithwalo, kunye nokulungelelanisa yonke into ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni. Zonke ezi zinto zinceda ekuphepheni ukulibaziseka okubizayo kunye nezohlwayo.