Iimpazamo ezi-5 eziphambili ezenziwa ngabathumeli bempahla kwamanye amazwe xa bethunyelwa e-Austria besuka eTshayina (Kwaye indlela yokuzilungisa)
intshayelelo
I-Austria lilizwe elivaliweyo kumbindi weYurophu esembindini, kodwa alikho kufutshane norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Amanani amatsha abonisa ukuba i-Austria ingenise malunga ne-USD 1.46 yeebhiliyoni evela eTshayina ngo-Agasti 2025 kuphela, nto leyo egxininisa ubunzulu bolu nxibelelwano lorhwebo. Indlela ephakathi kweTshayina ne-Austria yindlela ephezulu nenexabiso eliphezulu kubathumeli abafuna ukufumana yonke into ukusuka kwi-elektroniki yabathengi kunye nezinto zoshishino ukuya kwimpahla zelaphu kunye noomatshini.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona lonke eli shishini libanzi, inani elikhulu ngokumangalisayo labangenisi, abatsha nabanamava, bayaqhubeka nokuwela kwimigibe efanayo ebiza kakhulu. Iibhili zerhafu ezingalindelekanga, imiba yokuthobela imithetho kunye neenqanawa ezibambeke kwizibuko laseHamburg - iCustoms ithi zonke zihlala zibuyela kwiimpazamo ezimbalwa ezinokuphepheka. Indlela yokufunda inzima kwaye amathuba empazamo aqinile kunangaphambili kwimeko apho abasemagunyeni base-Austrian baqinise kakhulu ukuvavanya okuzenzakalelayo ngo-2025.
Kule ngxelo, siza kuchaza iimpazamo ezintlanu eziyingozi kakhulu ezenziwa ngabathumeli bempahla kwamanye amazwe kwindlela ephakathi kweTshayina neAustria, kwaye okubaluleke ngakumbi, siza kukufundisa indlela yokulungisa nganye nganye. Nokuba uthumela isikhongozeli sakho sokuqala okanye esakho samashumi amahlanu, iingcebiso apha ziya kukunceda unciphise iindleko, ugcine irekhodi lakho lokuthobela imithetho kwaye ugcine uthotho lwakho lokuhambisa luqhubeka.
Impazamo #1: Ukwahlulahlula iimpahla ngekhowudi ye-HS engalunganga
Kuzo zonke iimpazamo ezichaphazela abangenisi bempahla kwindlela esuka eTshayina ukuya eAustria, eyona ineziphumo ezibi kakhulu zeendleko kukuhlela ngendlela engalunganga ikhowudi ye-HS (Harmonized System). Amagunya eerhafu ase-Austrian angamalungu e-EU customs union enkulu kwaye ngoko ke athatha iimpazamo zokuhlela nzulu kakhulu. Umngenisi wempahla angahlawuliswa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% yexabiso lilonke lempahla ukuba into ayichazwanga kakuhle, ukongeza kuyo nayiphi na irhafu efunekayo. Amagosa eerhafu ase-European Union, ngo-2025, aphucule indlela ezenzekelayo yokujonga phakathi kweekhowudi ze-HS ezichaziweyo kunye neenkcazo zemveliso kwii-invoyisi zorhwebo, okwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuba iimpazamo—nokuba zenzeke ngabom okanye zingabonwanga—zingabonwa.
Ukwahlulwa kwe-HS kuyinkimbinkimbi kwaye kulula ukukuqikelela. Iimveliso ezininzi zinqumla imida yodidi ngendlela engacacanga. Thatha isixhobo se-Bluetooth audio + clock + wireless speaker. Ukuba ngokuyintloko uyithatha njengesithethi esingenazingcingo, iya kuba kwiSahluko 85 (izixhobo zombane). Ukuba ngokuyintloko uyithatha njengewotshi, iya kuba kwiSahluko 91 (iiwotshi nezixhobo zokwenza iiwotshi). Amaxabiso erhafu ahlukeneyo ayasebenza. Ngokufanayo, iimpahla zephepha ezigqunyiweyo zingawela phantsi kweSahluko 48 okanye kwiSahluko 49 kuxhomekeke ekubeni ulwahlulo lusekelwe kwizinto okanye kumxholo. Umahluko awuncinci, kwaye umahluko obangelwayo awukho kwiirhafu zerhafu.
Njengempendulo ethe ngqo ekungeneni kweemveliso zeebhetri zaseTshayina ezigcwele iimarike zaseYurophu, i-EU iqalise uphuculo kwiCombined Nomenclature yayo ngoJanuwari 2025 ukuze ibandakanye ezinye izihloko ezineenkcukacha phantsi kwe-HS 8507 zeebhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye nezixhobo ezisebenzisa iibhetri. Ukuba unomngenisi kweli candelo ongakhange ahlaziye iifayile zakhe zokwahlulahlula ukususela ngo-2024, mhlawumbi ufaka iikhowudi ezingalunganga ngoku.
Isisombululo silula ngokomgaqo kodwa sidinga unonophelo oluthile. Musa ukuthatha nje ikhowudi ye-HS enikwa ngumthengisi wakho waseTshayina, yijonge ngokwakho kwisiseko sedatha se-EU TARIC. Ukuba kukho amathandabuzo okwenyani malunga nokuhlelwa kwemveliso, ungafuna isigqibo se-Binding Tariff Information (BTI) esivela kwi-Austrian customs, esiza kukunika ukuhlelwa okubophelelayo ngokusemthethweni iminyaka emithandathu, sikunike ukuzithemba okupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuthunyelwa. Ukusebenza nenkampani yezothutho eqonda ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho ye-EU (endaweni yokuxhomekeka kumaxwebhu omthengisi) kuya kuzihlawulela ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuya kuphepha uhlolo olunye lwemithetho ye-custom.
Isalathiso esikhawulezileyo serhafu yokungenisa impahla e-Austria (Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ezivela eTshayina)
| Udidi lweMveliso | Isahluko se-HS esiqhelekileyo | Ixabiso loMsebenzi oMgangatho | amaNqaku |
| Electronics Consumer | Isahluko 84/85 | 0% - 4.5% | Kungasebenza eminye imisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma |
| Impahla elukilweyo kunye neempahla | Isahluko 61/62 | 6.5% - 12% | Imithetho yemvelaphi ibalulekile kwiirhafu ezikhethekileyo |
| Furniture | Ch. Ngama-94 | 2.7% - 5.6% | |
| Zokudlala & Imidlalo | Ch. Ngama-95 | 4.7% | Ukumakishwa kwe-CE kunyanzelekile |
| Iibhetri zeLithium-ion | H.S.8507 | 2.7% - 3.7% | Izihlokwana ezintsha ukususela ngoJanuwari 2025 |
| Izibophelelo zentsimbi | Ch. Ngama-73 | 3.7% + ukuthintela ukulahla inkunkuma | Imisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma esebenzayo okwangoku |
| Products Plastic | Ch. Ngama-39 | 3.2% - 6.5% | |
| Zonke iimpahla (i-VAT) | - | I-20% kwixabiso le-CIF | Isetyenziswa jikelele xa ingeniswa |
Qaphela: Amaxabiso abonisiweyo ngamazinga aqhelekileyo e-MFN. Amaxabiso okugqibela aya kuxhomekeka kudidi oluthile lwemveliso, imvelaphi ebhengeziweyo kunye nayo nayiphi na imilinganiselo yokulwa nokulahla okanye yokuchasana. Soloko ujonga isiseko sedatha esisemthethweni se-EU TARIC ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe.
Impazamo #2: Ukungaxabisi Iimpahla kwi-invoyisi yoRhwebo
Enye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo neziyingozi kakhulu ekuthunyelweni kwempahla ngaphandle eTshayina kukungaxatyiswa kwexabiso le-invoyisi – ukubanga ixabiso elingaphantsi kwelo lihlawulwe ngokwenene kwiimpahla. Ingqiqo ilula, ixabiso elichaziweyo lincinci, intlawulo yerhafu kunye ne-VAT incinci. Nangona kunjalo, inyani kukuba oku bubuqhetseba berhafu phantsi komthetho wase-Austria kunye nowe-EU kwaye amagunya erhafu ayakwazi ukukubona ngcono kunokuba uninzi lwabangenisi bempahla beqonda.
Amagosa erhafu e-Austria athelekisa ixabiso elichaziweyo namaxabiso kwiidathabheyisi ezininzi, ezinje ngamaqonga e-e-commerce, iidathabheyisi zokuthunyelwa kwangaphambili kunye nezixhobo zamaxabiso emarike ngexesha langempela. Bayalazi ixabiso lee-earbuds zeBluetooth ezingama-500 ezivela kwisityalo saseShenzhen. Bayalazi ixabiso le-FOB Shanghai lepallet yeejakethi zepolyester. Ukuba ixabiso elibangwayo liphantsi ngendlela engaqondakaliyo, ukuthunyelwa kuyarhoxiswa ukuze kuhlolwe, iirhafu ziyabalwa kwakhona ngokusekelwe kwinto eyiyo ixabiso lemarike, kwaye kuyasetyenziswa izohlwayo - rhoqo ngaphezulu kakhulu kunayo nayiphi na into eyayigcinwe kwixabiso elingaphantsi kwexabiso lokuqala. Ukungaxatyiswa ngokwembali kungaphezulu nje kokulahlekelwa yimali. Ishishini lakho linokugqibela likuluhlu lokujonga ngokuphezulu kuzo zonke izinto ezithunyelwayo kwixesha elizayo.
"Indlela elungileyo kukuchaza ixabiso lentengiselwano njengoko liboniswe kwi-invoyisi yorhwebo yokwenyani, eyisiseko sovavanyo lwe-CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight). Khumbula ukuba i-20% ye-VAT yase-Austrian isetyenziswa kwixabiso le-CIF - oko kukuthi, ixabiso leempahla + imithwalo kunye ne-inshurensi kwizibuko lokungena le-EU. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukongeza kwixabiso lefektri kufuneka uqwalasele iindleko zokuhambisa xa ubala irhafu yakho kunye ne-VAT. Abangenisi abathunywe yindleko zabo zokufika baye basilela phantse rhoqo ukufanisa oku ngokuchanekileyo kwasekuqaleni.
Ezinye iindawo apho ubunzima buvela khona ngenxa yokungachaneki kwexabiso elibhengeziweyo ngumthetho we-de minimis kwi-EU. Ukuthunyelwa okungaphezulu kwe-EUR 150 kuya kuhlawulelwa iindleko zerhafu kwaye i-VAT iya kusebenza kuyo yonke into, nokuba ixabiso lingakanani na. NgoJulayi 2021, i-EU yasusa ukukhululwa kwayo kwi-VAT ye-EUR 22, ngoko ke akusekho nqanaba apho i-VAT inganyamalali khona. Abathumeli bamashishini e-e-commerce e-B2C e-Austria kufuneka babhalisele i-IOSS (Import One-Stop Shop) okanye iqabane labo lezothutho liqokelele i-VAT kwindawo yokuthengisa - ukuzama ukusombulula oku nge-invoyisi enobuchule kunokwenzeka ukuba kubanjwe njengoko ukwabelana ngedatha yerhafu ye-EU kuya kuba ngcono.
Impazamo #3: Ukungahoyi ukuMakisha kwe-CE kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMveliso ye-EU
Ukumakishwa kwe-CE akuyonto isemthethweni. Luxanduva olusemthethweni kwinani elikhulu nelikhulayo leendidi zeemveliso ezinikezelwa kwi-EU. I-Austria, njengelizwe elilungu le-EU, iyisebenzisa ngaphandle kokukhetha. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ziquka izixhobo ze-elektroniki, iithoyi, izixhobo zokuzikhusela, izixhobo zonyango kunye noomatshini, kodwa umda mkhulu. Ukuba umngenisi uzisa isitya see-headphone ezingenazingcingo, izibane zedesika okanye iithoyi zabantwana ezivela eTshayina ngaphandle kwamaxwebhu afanelekileyo e-CE, yonke impahla isengozini yokwaliwa, igcinwe ukuze ivavanywe okanye itshatyalaliswe kumda wase-Austria.
Impazamo ebulalayo kukucinga ukuba ukuthobela i-CE yinto ekufuneka ijongwane nayo emva kwesiganeko. Ayinakwenzeka. ISibhengezo se-CE sokuVumelana kufuneka sifumaneke ngaphambi kokuba izinto ziphume eTshayina kwaye kufuneka sisekelwe kuvavanyo lokwenyani kunye namaxwebhu obuchwephesha eemveliso ezithile ezithuthwayo. Isigqibo esipheleleyo somthengisi sokuba zonke iimveliso zakhe ziyahambelana ne-CE ngaphandle kweziphumo zovavanyo oluvela kwilabhoratri evunyiweyo asinantsingiselo emehlweni eegunya zolawulo lwezemali kunye nokujonga iimarike zase-Austria.
Ngokuya kusanda, amagosa eerhafu zase-Austria avavanya amaxwebhu e-CE ngokuchasene nemigangatho yobugcisa ebonakala kwii-invoyisi zeshishini. Ukuba isixhobo sibhengezwa njenge-"Bluetooth headset engenazingcingo ene-microphone eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kunye nokutshaja kwe-USB-C" kuya kuhlolwa imigangatho yeRadio Equipment Directive (RED). Ukuba uphawu lwe-CE ebhokisini alunakulandelwa lubuyele kwifayile yobugcisa esemthethweni, ukuthunyelwa kunokuthathwa kwaye umngenisi uxanduva lokubeka iimveliso ezingathobeliyo kwimarike ye-EU - isiphumo esibi kakhulu kunokuthunyelwa okulibazisekileyo.
Isisombululo kukusebenza ngokuhambelana nomenzi wakho waseTshayina. Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge cela iikopi zeziphumo zovavanyo lwangoku, buza ukuba imveliso iqinisekisiwe phantsi kweyiphi imiyalelo ye-EU kwaye ujonge ukuba amaphepha ahambelana nemodeli echanekileyo kunye ne-SKU oyi-odolayo - hayi uhlobo lwangaphambili okanye iimpahla ezifanayo. Faka ixabiso kunye nexesha eliphambili lovavanyo lokuhambelana kwe-EU kwimigca emitsha yemveliso kucwangciso lwakho lokuhambisa. Ukuba ungumthumeli onamava oneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso, fumana iqabane lezothutho elinokulawula uphononongo lokuthobela i-CE njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokuthunyelwa kwangaphambili.
Impazamo #4: Ukungazinanzi iindleko ezifihlakeleyo kunye neentlawulo ezongezelelweyo zempahla
Abathumeli abaninzi baceba imithwalo yabo ngokusekelwe kwixabiso eliphambili lokuthutha impahla kwaye bayamangaliswa xa ixabiso lokwenyani lokufika liphezulu kakhulu. Eli asilobali eliyimfihlo labathumeli bempahla. Lisiphumo nje sendalo sokungaziniki ixesha lokufunda iikowuteshini ngokufanelekileyo, nokungaqondi yonke indlela yokuhlawula impahla ethunyelwa eTshayina ukuya e-Austria.
I-Austria ayinazo izibuko. Le yimeko yejografi enefuthe elikhulu kwezemali. Zonke iinqanawa zokuthutha imithwalo yolwandle kufuneka zikhutshwe kwizibuko elisecaleni, ngokuqhelekileyo iHamburg, iRotterdam, iKoper (iSlovenia) okanye iTrieste (e-Itali) zize zithunyelwe ngendlela okanye ngololiwe ukuya kwindawo yokugqibela e-Austria. Umgama ukusuka eHamburg ukuya eVienna kuphela ungaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-900 ngaphakathi elizweni, kwaye malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-500 ukusuka eKoper okanye eTrieste. Iindleko zokuthutha imithwalo ngaphakathi elizweni ngesikhongozeli ziqala kwi-USD 300 ukuya kwi-USD 800 nangaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka, umthwali kunye nokuba yayicwangciselwe ixesha elingakanani. Oku kudla ngokungabandakanywa kwisicatshulwa sempahla yolwandle esiqhelekileyo.
Ukongeza kwimpahla evela ngaphakathi elizweni, uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwentlawulo yokuthunyelwa kwempahla phakathi kweTshayina neAustria ludla ngokuquka iindleko zokuphatha isiphelo sendlela (THC), iBunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) yokugubungela iindleko zepetroli, uxwebhu okanye umrhumo weBill of Lading, iiPeak Season Surcharges (PSS) okanye iGeneral Rate Increases (GRI) ngexesha leengxakeko, indawo ekuyiwa kuyo iTHC kwizibuko laseYurophu, umthengisi wamasiko iifizi, kunye nerhafu kunye ne-VAT ngokwayo. Ukulibaziseka okuqhubekayo kuLwandle oluBomvu kunye nokuvalwa okungaphelelanga okuchaphazela iStrait of Hormuz kufake iifizi zengxakeko ezifikelela kwi-USD 1,500 nge-TEU nganye kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ngo-2025 ukuya kutsho ngo-2026.
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, i-UPS iqalisa irhafu yexeshana ngepawundi kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eTshayina, ukususela ngo-Epreli 2026, eya kuba yi-USD 0.32 ngepawundi kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezivela eTshayina naseHong Kong - ixabiso eliya kunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwiipakethe ezinzima kwaye linokutshintsha kakhulu i-equation yokhuphiswano phakathi kwezithuthi ezikhawulezayo. Kwangaxeshanye, izohlwayo zokunciphisa irhafu kunye nokubanjwa kweekhonteyina ezihlala echwebeni okanye ezibuya emva kwexesha zinokuqala kwi-USD 50-150 ngosuku ukuya kumawaka eedola ukuba irhafu yerhafu iyalibazisa ukususwa kwempahla nokuba ziintsuku ezimbalwa.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwiindleko ezingalindelekanga kukufumana ikowuteshini eneenkcukacha ebonisa yonke intlawulo njengento ekwi-line kunye nefestile yokuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza. Ukuba kukho nawuphi na umgca ofunda i-TBA, ngokwexabiso, okanye ulahlekile, buyela umva ngaphambi kokubhukisha. Bhukisha indawo yakho yokuthutha ngaphakathi elizweni kwangethuba, ingakumbi ukuba uthumela ngexesha elixakekileyo, kwaye usebenzise ixabiso le-CIF, hayi ixabiso le-FOB yefektri, njengesiseko sokubala irhafu kunye ne-VAT xa ulinganisa iindleko zakho zokufika.
Iintlawulo Eziqhelekileyo Kwindlela Yokuthumela Impahla yaseTshayina-e-Austria (2025-2026)
| Uhlobo lwentlawulo | Xa Isebenza | Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo | Indlela Yokulawula |
| Imvelaphi yeTHC | Zonke izinto ezithunyelwa elwandle | $150–$300/container | Qinisekisa ukuba ifakiwe kwikowuteshini kwangaphambili |
| I-Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) | Zonke izinto ezithunyelwa elwandle | Iyahluka; jonga umhla wokusebenza | Ixabiso lokutshixa ngaphambi kokubhukisha |
| Intlawulo yeXesha Eliphakamileyo (PSS) | Q3/Q4, ngaphambi kwe-CNY | $200–$600/container | Bhukisha kwangethuba; iwindow yokulungisa amaxabiso |
| Ingxaki yoLwandle oluBomvu / iHormuz | Isebenza ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-2023 | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-$1,500 / TEU | Jonga iingcebiso zabathwali |
| Impahla ethunyelwa ngaphakathi elizweni (eya e-Austria) | Zonke iimpahla ezithunyelwayo | $300–$800/container | Bhukisha i-slot yangaphakathi kwangethuba |
| Demurrage | Isikhongozeli sibanjwe echwebeni | $50–$150/ngosuku | Lungisa amaxwebhu ngaphambi kokufika |
| Ukuvalelwa | Isikhongozeli sibuyiswe emva kwexesha | $50–$150/ngosuku | Lungelelanisa ixesha lokubuyisela izikhongozeli |
| Intlawulo eyongezelelweyo yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-UPS eTshayina | I-UPS express evela eTshayina/eHK | $0.32/lb (ukususela ngo-Epreli 2026) | Thelekisa i-DHL/FedEx kwiipakethe ezinzima |
Impazamo #5: Ukukhetha Indlela Yokuthumela Engalunganga — okanye iQabane Elingalunganga
Ayizizo zonke izinto ezithunyelwayo ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-Austria ezilinganayo. Isisombululo esifanelekileyo siya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bomthwalo wakho, ungxamiseko olufunekayo, uhlobo lwemveliso, kunye nokuba uvakalelwa njani yindleko. Ukukhetha enye indlela engalunganga kunokukubiza imali, kukulibazise ukuhanjiswa kwakho okanye kudale iingxaki zokuthobela imithetho ebezinokuchongwa liqabane elinamava ngakumbi ngaphambi kokuba umthwalo uphume kwindawo leyo.
Le ndlela ineendlela ezine eziphambili, Uloyiko lomoya, I-Express courier (DHL, FedEx, UPS), Ocean Freight (FCL okanye LCL) kunye ne-China-Europe Imithwalo kaloliweZonke zikwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngokuqhubekeka kwesantya xa kuthelekiswa neendleko. Ukuthunyelwa kweenqwelo moya ngqo kwisikhululo seenqwelo moya iVienna International Airport (VIE) kudla ngokuthatha iintsuku ezi-5–7 kodwa kudla ngokubiza kakhulu ngekhilogram, kwaye kulungele kuphela imithwalo enexabiso eliphezulu, ethatha ixesha okanye ekhaphukhaphu. Ukuthunyelwa kweenqwelo moya eHamburg/Koper/Trieste kuthathwa iintsuku ezingama-25-35 kodwa ixabiso eliphantsi ngeyunithi nganye yeempahla ezinkulu. Ukuthunyelwa kweenqwelo moya ngololiwe kukulungelelana malunga neentsuku ezili-12-14 ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kunelomoya, kwaye kuya kukhuphisana ngakumbi kumgca weTshayina neYurophu, okwenza kube lukhetho olunomtsalane kwimithwalo ephakathi, engenabungozi enomthamo oqikelelweyo.
Iinkonzo ze-courier ezikhawulezayo zihlala ziyindlela yokubuyisela umva ukuthunyelwa okuncinci okanye okuvavanywayo, kodwa zinemingcipheko yazo. Abathumeli bamanye amazwe badla ngokufumana ubunzima obulinganayo, apho umthwali ehlawulisa ngokusekwe kumthamo kunokuba ahlawulise ngokusekwe kubunzima bokwenyani bempahla elula, enkulu, kuphela xa i-invoyisi ifika, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iindleko zigqithise. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, zonke ezi nkampani zintathu ziphambili ze-express (DHL, FedEx, UPS) zibonelela ngamanqanaba enkonzo ahlukeneyo kumaxabiso ahlukeneyo kakhulu; ukusilela kwi-premium tier yento engangxamisekanga kunokuthetha ukuhlawula i-30-40% ngaphezulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko. Kwipasela equlethe iisampulu okanye iindawo ezincinci ze-5-8 kg, i-DHL Economy Select okanye i-FedEx International Economy zihlala zibonelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngenxalenye yomrhumo we-Worldwide Express.
Ukukhetha iqabane elifanelekileyo lezothutho kubaluleke ngakumbi kunokukhetha indlela efanelekileyo. I-Austria ivaliwe yilwandle ngoko ke zonke iinqanawa zayo ezithunyelwa elwandle zifuna ukuhanjiswa ukusuka kwinqanawa ukuya kwisitimela okanye ilori, kwaye ukulawula loo mgama ongaphakathi kwelizwe ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kufuna ulwazi lwasekuhlaleni kunye nonxibelelwano nabathwali bempahla abangaphakathi kwelizwe. Umthuthi wempahla oyaziyo itshaneli ye-China-US ngaphakathi usenokungabi nolwazi lokwenyani ngenethiwekhi yangaphakathi yase-Austria, iimpawu zokususwa kwerhafu eKoper ngokuchasene neHamburg, okanye iimfuno ezizodwa zokuthobela imithetho yeempahla eziphawulwe yi-CE ezingena e-Austria.
Apha kulapho iTopway Shipping inika khona ixabiso elinokulinganiswa kwabangenisi abakule ndlela. Yasekwa ngo-2010 kwaye ikwiShenzhen, iTopway Shipping inamava angaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kwiindlela zokuthutha zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwempahla, ikwazi ukulawula inkqubo epheleleyo kuquka ukuthuthwa kwempahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eTshayina, ukugcina impahla kwamanye amazwe, ukususwa kwempahla ukusuka e-EU kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kumazibuko aphambili aseYurophu, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla emoyeni kunye nezisombululo ezikhawulezayo zempahla enobungozi ngexesha. Amava eqela labo elisungulayo ekulandeleni iimfuno zomthetho zendlela yokuthutha impahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eYurophu - ukusuka kubhaliso lwe-EORI ukuya kuququzelelo lokuthobela imithetho ye-CE kunye nokuseta i-IOSS kubangenisi be-e-commerce - kuthetha ukuba bazisa ulwazi lokuthobela imithetho kwindlela yokusebenza kwempahla, kwaye kungekuphela nje emva kokuba kuvele iingxaki. Kubangenisi abafuna iqabane elinye elibonelela ngokubonakala ukusuka eShenzhen ukuya eVienna, iTopway Shipping yingxoxo enzulu.
isiphelo
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-Austria yindlela enenzuzo kwezorhwebo kodwa kuyanceda ukulungiselela. Iingxaki ezi-5 ezixutyushwe kweli nqaku - ukungahlelwa kakuhle kwekhowudi ye-HS, ukungaxatyiswa kwexabiso le-invoyisi, izikhewu zokuthobela i-CE, iindawo ezifihlakeleyo zokutshaja, kunye nokukhetha amaqabane ngendlela embi - azizo iimeko ezinobungozi. Ziindawo zokungaphumeleli eziqhelekileyo ezibamba abathumeli ngaphandle ngequbuliso, ikota emva kwekota, kwaye zonke zinokuthintelwa ngolwazi olufanelekileyo kunye namaqabane afanelekileyo akhoyo.
Imeko-bume yolawulo ayilungiswanga. Uhlaziyo lukaJanuwari 2025 kwi-EU Combined Nomenclature, ukuqhubeka kokunyanzeliswa kwemisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla impahla kwiindidi zaseTshayina, ukuqhubeka koxinzelelo kwimida ye-de minimis, kunye nokuguquguquka kwezopolitiko okuchaphazela amaxabiso okuthutha impahla kwindlela ye-China-Europe konke kuthetha ukuba umngenisi owayethobela ngokupheleleyo kwaye egcina iindleko kakuhle kunyaka ophelileyo usenokungabi njalo kulo nyaka ngaphandle kwengqwalasela esebenzayo kwinto etshintshileyo. Ukwakha uthotho lokubonelela olunokwamkela olu tshintsho - ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lokwahlulahlula, imodeli yeendleko ecacileyo, ukuthobela umthetho ngokukhawuleza kunye neqabane lezothutho elinobuchule bokwenyani be-EU - akuyonto ilula. Esi sisiseko sokusebenza salo naliphi na umngenisi obalulekileyo kule ndlela.
Nokuba uphucula umsebenzi okhoyo ngoku okanye usaqala ukuhlola indlela yorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina neAustria, ixesha olichitha ulungisa ezi ziseko liya kuhlawula imivuzo kuyo yonke imithwalo elandelayo.
FAQs
Q: Ingakanani irhafu ye-VAT yangoku yokungenisa iimpahla ezivela eTshayina ukuya e-Austria?
A: Ngaphandle kwe-EU, izinga eliqhelekileyo le-VAT yase-Austrian elingama-20% lisebenza kwiimpahla ezingeniswayo. I-VAT imiselwa kwixabiso le-CIF (Ixabiso, i-Inshurensi kunye neFreight) yempahla, oko kukuthi, ixabiso leempahla + ukuthunyelwa kunye ne-inshurensi ukuya kwindawo yokungena kwi-EU. Oku kusebenza kuzo zonke izinto ezithunyelwayo zorhwebo kungakhathaliseki ixabiso lazo njengoko ukukhululwa kwi-VAT ye-EU kwiimpahla ezixabisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-EUR 22 kwapheliswa ngoJulayi 2021.
Q: Ndingayifumana njani ikhowudi ye-HS echanekileyo yemveliso yam?
A: Isiseko sedatha se-EU TARIC (ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/dds2/taric) yindawo elungileyo yokuqala kuba siza kukunika ikhowudi ye-CN epheleleyo enamanani ali-10 oyifunayo kwisibhengezo sakho sokungenisa sase-Austria. Ungacela nesigwebo se-Binding Tariff Information (BTI) esivela kwi-Austrian customs ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwahlulahlula okusemthethweni, okubaluleke kakhulu kwiimveliso ezididayo okanye ezinemisebenzi emininzi.
Umbuzo: Ngaba kufuneka uphawu lwe-CE kuzo zonke iimveliso endizingenisa e-Austria zivela eTshayina?
A: Ayizizo zonke iimveliso, kodwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo eziquka izixhobo ze-elektroniki, amathoyizi, izixhobo zokuzikhusela, izixhobo zoshishino nezezonyango. Kufuneka ufumane amaxwebhu okuthobela i-CE ngaphambi kokuba iimpahla zithuthwe, kungekhona xa zifikile. Awunakuthembela kwisibhengezo esiqhelekileyo esivela kumthengisi. Ufuna iziphumo zovavanyo kwimveliso ezivela kwilabhoratri eqinisekisiweyo kwi-EU.
Q: Yintoni inombolo ye-EORI kwaye ndiyayidinga?
A: Inombolo ye-EORI (uBhaliso kunye nokuQondaniswa kwabaSebenzi bezoQoqosho) yinombolo yokuchonga eyimfuneko kuyo yonke inkampani engenisa iimveliso ngokwezoqoqosho kwi-EU. Ngaphandle kwayo, umthwalo wakho uya kuthintelwa kwaye awunakungenisa izibhengezo zakho zerhafu. Bhalisa kwi-Austrian customs (BMF) okanye kwi-custom authority yelizwe lokuqala ongena kulo kwi-EU.
Q: I-Topway Shipping ingandinceda njani ngokungenisa impahla e-China ukuya e-Austria?
A: I-Topway Shipping yasungulwa ngo-2010 eShenzhen kwaye ibonelela ngezisombululo ezipheleleyo zeenkonzo zothutho kwi-corridor yaseTshayina-Yurophu kuquka i-FCL kunye ne-LCL yokuthutha ulwandle, i-air shipment, inkxaso yokususwa kwempahla, ukugcinwa kwempahla phesheya kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-mayile yokugqibela e-Austria. Abasebenzi babo banamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 angaphaya kwemida kwaye banokunceda abathumeli be-e-commerce ngokukhetha iindlela, ukumodela iindleko, ukulungelelaniswa kokuthobela i-EU kunye nokuseta i-EORI okanye i-IOSS.
