I-China yeDoor to Door to USA Ocean Freight: Yini I-'DDP' Ehlanganisa Ngempela

 

Isingeniso

Uma uthenga izinto e-China futhi uzithengise e-US, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibona izingcaphuno ezithi “DDP indlu ngendlu” noma “Impahla yase-China iya e-USA DDP ocean.” Uma uthi nhlá, lokhu kuzwakala kukuhle: intengo eyodwa yayo yonke into, umthumeli wakho wezimpahla unakekela yonke into, futhi izimpahla zakho zifika endaweni yakho yokugcina impahla noma esikhungweni se-Amazon FBA ngaphandle kokuthi ugcwalise amafomu entela.

I-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) ayilona nje igama lokumaketha, noma kunjalo. Kuyi-Incoterm esemthethweni ethi umdayisi noma uzakwethu wezokuthutha unesibopho sazo zonke izindleko nezibopho zokuyisa imikhiqizo endaweni ethile ezweni lomthengi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthumela ngemikhumbi emingceleni, ukususa intela, nokukhokha imisebenzi nezintela.

Leli khasi lichaza ngamagama alula ukuthi i-DDP isho ukuthini ngempela uma uthumela ngomkhumbi usuka e-China uya e-US ngolwandle, lokho okungakuqukethe, ukuthi le nqubo isebenza kanjani endlini ngendlu, nokuthi yini okufanele uyihlole ngaphambi kokuba wamukele ikhotheshini ye-DDP. Sizophinde sikhulume ngokuthi inkampani ekhethekile efana ne-Topay Shipping ingena kanjani kulesi sithombe sabathengisi be-e-commerce nabathengisi be-FBA abathengisa ngaphesheya kwemingcele.

Isho ukuthini i-DDP kuma-Incoterms?

I-International Chamber of Commerce ikhiphe uhlu lwemikhuba ye-Incoterms esemthethweni, futhi I-Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) ingenye yazo. Ngaphansi kwe-DDP, umdayisi unomsebenzi omningi futhi ikhasimende linomncane.

Ukubeka kalula, ngomkhumbi we-DDP wasolwandle osuka e-China uya e-US:

• Umthengisi (noma umthumeli wezimpahla zomthengisi e-China) uphethe ukwenza zonke izinhlelo nokukhokhela lonke uchungechunge lwezokuthutha olusuka e-China ukuya endaweni okuvunyelwene ngayo e-US. Lokhu kubandakanya izinqubo zokuthekelisa, ukuthutha olwandle okuyinhloko, imvume yokungena ezweni, kanye nayo yonke imisebenzi nezintela.
• Umsebenzi omkhulu womthengi ukuba sendaweni yokugcina yokulethwa ukuze amukele umthwalo futhi awuthulule.

I-DDP ihlukile kwamanye ama-Incoterms ngoba umdayisi uphethe ukusula izinto ezithengwayo kanye nokukhokha izintela endaweni yomthengi. Umthengisi kufanele aphathe amasiko endaweni yokungena futhi akhokhe imisebenzi nezintela endaweni oya kuyo.

Okufanele Umthengi Nomthengisi Akwenze Ngaphansi Kwe-DDP

Ukuze uthole umqondo ongcono wokuthi kusho ukuthini “i-DDP yendlu ngendlu”, kuyasiza ukubheka ukuthi imisebenzi ihlukaniswa kanjani phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili.

Ithebula Lokubuka konke Kwesibopho

Isiteji / I-Cost Element	Isibopho Somthengisi Ngaphansi Kwe-DDP (uhlangothi lwase-China / umdluliseli)	Isibopho Somthengi Ngaphansi Kwe-DDP (uhlangothi lwase-USA)
Khipha ukupakisha nokulebula	Lungiselela ukupakishwa okulungele ukuthekelisa kanye nokulebula okuhambisanayo	Nikeza ulwazi lomkhiqizo nanoma yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile
Imvume yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle e-China	Isimemezelo sokuthekelisa ifayela, hlinzeka ngemibhalo yokuthekelisa, khokha noma yiziphi izimali zokuthekelisa	Nikeza imibhalo yezentengiso uma iceliwe
Ukuthutha kwangaphakathi eChina	Thatha kumphakeli, ulethe echwebeni / esitolo sokuhlanganisa	None
Impahla enkulu yolwandle i-China → USA	Bhukha umkhumbi, khokha olwandle impahla, phatha ezokuthutha kanye nemibhalo	None
Izindleko zembobo okuyiwa kuyo	Khokha ukuphathwa kwetheminali, imibhalo, nezinye izinkokhelo ezihlobene nechweba lapho kuvunyelwene khona	Lutho, ngaphandle uma kushiwo ngenye indlela kunkontileka
Imvume ye-US yokungenisa amasiko	Yenza noma qoka Ongenisa Irekhodi, ukufakwa kwefayela, phatha ukuhlolwa kwemikhuba	Nikeza ngamadokhumenti asekelayo uma kudingeka (amalayisensi, izitifiketi njll.)
Imisebenzi nezintela (isb. amanani entengo ase-US)	Bala futhi ukhokhe kusengaphambili imisebenzi yokungenisa, amanani, nezintela	Lutho, ngaphandle uma izinhlangothi zivumelana ngenye indlela ngokubhala
Amaloli asekhaya e-USA	Hlela futhi ukhokhele ukulethwa endaweni eshiwo (i-warehouse, FBA, 3PL, njll.)	Hlela indawo yokuthulula kanye nabasebenzi ukuze bathole izimpahla
Umshwalense (uma kuvunyelwene)	Ngokuvamile kuhlelwa umdayisi, ikakhulukazi uma unikeza i-DDP “yobungozi bonke”	Ikhava eyengeziwe ongayikhetha uma umthengi eyifuna
Ukudluliswa kwengozi	Umdayisi uthwala ubungozi kuze kube yilapho izimpahla sezitholakala endaweni eqanjwe igama layo	Umthengi uzifaka engcupheni kusukela ngesikhathi izimpahla zibekwe endaweni okuyiwa kuyo
Ilayisha endaweni yokugcina	Akunasibopho sokukhipha	Unomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhipha

Empilweni yangempela, inqwaba yabathumeli bempahla baseShayina abasebenza ngaphansi kwe-DDP basebenza “njengohlangothi lwabathengisi,” behlanganisa zonke lezi zinto zibe imali eyodwa ngekhilogremu noma cubic meter ukusuka e-China ukuya e-US.

Kusho ukuthini “umnyango ngendlu” ngaphezu kwe-DDP?

I-DDP idinga nje ukulethwa “endaweni eqanjwe igama” ezweni lapho iya khona. Lokho kungase kube ichweba, isikhumulo sezindiza, indawo yokugcina impahla ebolekiwe, noma indawo yokugcina impahla yomthengi siqu.

Uma isevisi ibizwa ngokuthi “impahla yase-China eya e-USA yendlu ngendlu yolwandle ye-DDP,” ngokuvamile isho ukuthi:

• Indawo oyiqambe ikheli lakho lokugcina e-US, njengendawo yakho yokugcina impahla, indawo ye-3PL, noma isikhungo sokugcwalisa i-Amazon FBA.
• Isevisi ihlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwasekhaya, okusho ukuthi bazothwala izimpahla zakho ngamaloli ukusuka echwebeni lase-US noma endaweni yokugcina impahla yokuhlanganisa ukuya emnyango wakho.

“I-DDP yendlu ngendlu” ikhombisa ukuthi uthenga kokubili i-Incoterm (DDP) kanye nomklamo wesevisi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkampani eyodwa ephethe zonke izinyathelo, okuhlanganisa nokuyisa emnyango wakho, futhi izokukhokhela wonke amasiko nezintela.

Lokhu kukhanga abaningi abangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe abancane nabamaphakathi, ikakhulukazi abathengisi be-Amazon FBA, ngoba akudingeki babhekane nomthengisi wezimpahla wase-US, inkampani yemikhumbi, kanye nendawo yokugcina impahla ngokuhlukana.

Ukugeleza Okujwayelekile Kwezimpahla Zasolwandle kwe-DDP: Ukusuka e-China kuya e-US

Izinyathelo eziyinhloko ze-DDP yendlu ngendlu ngolwandle ukusuka e-China ukuya e-USA zivame ukufana kubo bonke abadluliseli, kodwa zingashintsha imininingwane ethile.

1. Ukulungiselela Impahla Nokubhuka

Inqubo iqala lapho umphakeli wakho esenezimpahla ezilungile endaweni yakhe noma esitolo samaShayina. Umhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-DDP:

• Isetha i-pickup noma itshele umphakeli ukuthi alethe izimpahla endaweni yokugcina impahla ehlanganisiwe noma esiteshini sempahla esithwala impahla edolobheni lasechwebeni lase-China njenge-Shenzhen, i-Guangzhou, i-Shanghai, i-Ningbo, noma i-Qingdao.
• Ihlola ukuthi amaphakheji, amalebula, namaphepha (okufana ne-invoyisi yezentengiselwano, uhlu lokupakisha, amakhodi e-HS, nezincazelo zemikhiqizo) ilandela imithetho yokuthekelisa isuka e-China futhi ingeniswe e-US.
• Ihlola ukubona ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kuzohamba njenge-FCL (umthwalo wesitsha esigcwele) noma i-LCL (ngaphansi komthwalo wesiqukathi), ngokususelwe kokuthi kunesisindo esingakanani nokuthi kuthatha isikhala esingakanani.

2. Amasiko neziqukathi zokuphatha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eShayina

Uma ukuthunyelwa kufika echwebeni noma endaweni yokugcina impahla, umhlinzeki:

• Ihambisa isimemezelo sokuthekelisa kumasiko aseShayina.
• Inakekela noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa noma izitifiketi okudingeka zenziwe emthonjeni.
• Ifaka impahla esitsheni (ye-LCL, ibeka impahla yabathumeli abambalwa esitsheni esisodwa) bese iyiyisa endaweni yokugcina olwandle.

Ikhotheshini ye-DDP yendlu ngendlu cishe njalo ihlanganisa yonke imithwalo yemfanelo yomthengisi ngasohlangothini lokuthekelisa.

3. Umlenze omkhulu wolwandle usuka eShayina uye e-US.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo umlenze wasolwandle oyinhloko, osuka emachwebeni afana ne-Shenzhen–Yantian uye e-Los Angeles (LA/LB), e-Ningbo uye e-Long Beach, noma e-Shanghai uye eNew York/New Jersey.

Umthengisi kufanele abhukhe futhi akhokhele impahla yolwandle, alandelele isikhathi sokuthutha, futhi asingathe amaphepha afana ne-bill of lading.

Umphakeli ukhetha ukuthi iyiphi inkampani yenethiwekhi azoyisebenzisa, ukuthi asebenzise amasevisi asheshayo noma ahamba kancane, ukuhamba ngomkhumbi okuqondile noma ukuthutha, nokuthi iyiphi inkampani yenethiwekhi azoyisebenzisa. Lezi zinketho zithinta izindleko nesikhathi esisithathayo ukuthunyelwa, nakuba umthengi ngokuvamile ebona kuphela amanani entengo ye-DDP yonke.

4. Izindleko zokufika echwebeni lase-US nokuya lapho uya khona

Lapho isiqukathi sifika echwebeni lase-US, kufanele sikhokhe izindleko zokuphatha itheminali, izindleko zemibhalo, nezinye izimali zechweba zendawo. Lezi zimali ziwumthwalo womdayisi noma wozakwethu wezokuthutha ukukhokha, hhayi okomthengi.

Umhlinzeki we-DDP uzophinde amise:

• Ukuhluthulwa kwesitsha kwempahla ye-LCL endaweni yokugcina izimpahla ukuze kuqiniswe.
• Isitoreji noma indawo yokugcina impahla yesikhashana ngenkathi ulinde imvume yempahla kanye namaloli ukuya esitobhini esilandelayo.

5. Ukukhokha Imisebenzi Nezintela Zase-US

Yilapho i-DDP yehluke kakhulu kwamanye amagama afana ne-CIF noma i-FOB. Lapho kuthunyelwa ngomkhumbi kusuka e-China kuya e-US ngaphansi kwe-DDP, umdayisi noma umthumeli wabo wempahla uphethe:

• Ukuba Umngenisi Werekhodi (IOR) e-United States noma ukhetha omunye umuntu ukuba abe nguye.
• Ukubeka amakhodi e-HS alungile emikhiqizweni nokukhokhisa amanani entela afanele, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi yeSigaba 301 uma isebenza.
• Kusetshenziswa umthengisi wempahla onelayisense ukufaka isicelo ku-US Customs and Border Protection.
• Ukunakekela noma yimaphi amasheke amasiko, izimfuno zedokhumenti, noma ukubamba.
• Ngaphambi kokuthi izinto zikhishwe, zonke izindleko zokungenisa, izintela, nezintela kufanele kukhokhwe.

Lapho uthumela nge-Amazon FBA, kunento eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule: I-Amazon ngeke ibe uMngenisi Werekhodi; ngakho-ke, umhlinzeki we-DDP kufanele asebenzise ulwazi lwe-IOR yomthengi noma isisombululo esingamezi ngokungeyikho umthengi wangempela.

6. Ukulethwa Emnyango Wokugcina Endlini

Umhlinzeki unakekela ukulethwa kwemayela lokugcina ekhelini elishiwo ngemva kokuvunyelwa kwentela. Izindawo ezijwayelekile ongaya kuzo yilezi:

• Ihhovisi lomthengi noma i-warehouse e-US.
• Isikhungo sokugcwaliseka sezinto zezinkampani zangaphandle (3PL).
• I-Amazon FBAwarehouse elandela imithetho eqinile yama-aphoyintimenti nokulebula.

Intengo yalokhu kuthutha ifakiwe kwikhotheshini yendlu ngendlu ngaphansi kwe-DDP. Umthengi uzifaka engozini uma imoto isifika lapho bese ibeka izinto endaweni yokulayisha noma endaweni yokwamukela. Umthengi cishe uhlale ephethe ukuthulula.

I-DDP iqhudelana ne-FOB, i-CIF, ne-DAP yokuthumela izimpahla kusukela e-China ukuya e-US

Abantu abathenga izinto kwamanye amazwe bavame ukuzibuza ukuthi kufanele yini basebenzise i-DDP noma imishwana evamile efana ne-FOB noma i-CIF. Kuya ngokuthi ingakanani ingozi ozimisele ukuyithatha, ukuthi ufuna ukulawula okungakanani, nokuthi wazi kangakanani amasiko ase-US.

Lokhu ukuqhathanisa okulula kwempahla yasolwandle phakathi kweChina ne-US.

Ithebula eliqhathanisa i-DDP namanye amagama ajwayelekile

Incoterm	Ubani Olawula Impahla Ethuthwayo Eyinhloko?	Ubani Ophethe I-US Customs Clearance?	Ubani Okhokha Imisebenzi Nezintela?	Iphoyinti Lokulethwa Elijwayelekile
I-DDP	Umdayisi / umdluliseli womthengisi	Umdayisi / umdayisi womthengisi e-USA	Umthengisi (kufakwe enanini le-DDP)	Umnyango womthengi, imisebenzi ikhokhiwe
DAP	Umdayisi / umdluliseli womthengisi	Umthengi (noma umthengisi womthengi)	Umthengi	Umnyango womthengi, imisebenzi ayikhokhelwa
Cif	Umthengisi ulawula impahla eya echwebeni lase-US	Umthengi (noma umthengisi womthengi)	Umthengi	Kuqanjwe ichweba lase-US (ngaphambi kokugunyazwa kwamasiko)
Fob	Umthengi ulawula impahla evela echwebeni laseChina	Umthengi (noma umthengisi womthengi)	Umthengi	Ichweba lase-China (impahla esemkhunjini)

I-DDP isiza ikhasimende ukuthi ligweme izikweletu ezimangazayo futhi yenza izindleko zokufika kube lula ukuziqagela. Kodwa kungenza izinto zingacaci futhi zingalawuleki. Abanye abathengisi bangase bakhuphule amanani entengo ye-DDP ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi, futhi ikhasimende alikwazi ukubona izinqumo zomzila, inqubomgomo yemikhuba, noma ukusebenza kwenkampani yenethiwekhi kahle kakhulu.

I-Ocean Quote ethi “China to USA DDP” Imbozani Ngempela?

Izinkampani ezihlukene zifaka izinto ezahlukene kumaphakheji azo e-DDP, kodwa isevisi ye-DDP yendlu ngendlu impahla yasolwandle phakathi kweChina ne-US kufanele kucace ukuthi lezi zinto ezilandelayo zifakiwe:

• Izimpahla zasolwandle zamazwe ngamazwe ukusuka echwebeni laseShayina okuvunyelwene ngalo noma endaweni kuya echwebeni e-US.
• Khipha imvume yamasiko kanye namaphepha e-China.
• Zonke izinkokhelo zomsuka, njengokuphatha etheminali, izindleko zamadokhumenti, nokuhlanganisa.
• Ethekwini lase-US, kunezindleko zendawo oya kuzo zezinto ezifana nokuphathwa kwetheminali nomsebenzi wamaphepha.
• I-Customs brokerage kanye nemvume e-US, kanye nanoma yiziphi izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zamasiko (hhayi ezengeziwe).
• Ukukhokha imisebenzi nezintela (okuhlanganisa amanani entengo eSigaba 301, uma esebenza) kuye ngohlelo olulungile lwe-HS kanye nenani olishilo.
• Ukuthutha ngamaloli ngaphakathi kwezwe ukusuka esikhumulweni semikhumbi noma endaweni yokugcina impahla ehlanganisiwe kuya endaweni oyikhethele ukulethwa.
• Abanye abadluliseli bahlanganisa okuyisisekelo umshwalense wezimpahla ngamanani abo e-DDP, kuyilapho abanye benikela ngayo ngokuhlukene. Ngokwezicaciso ze-Incoterms ezivamile, i-DDP ayifaki umshwalense ngokwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, abahlinzeki abaningi bayayifaka ukuze benze isevisi ibonakale "ihlanganisa konke."

Izinto ezivame ukukhishwa futhi okufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela zihlanganisa:

• Izindleko ezengeziwe zokuhlola kabusha amasiko noma izivivinyo ezijulile.
• Uma izinkokhelo noma imibhalo ifike sekwephuzile, ungawagcina noma ukhokhe i-demurrage.
• Izindleko ezengeziwe zokulethwa ezindlini noma ezindaweni ezikude.
• Ukunakekela okwengeziwe kwezinto ezinkulu, eziyingozi, noma ezizwelayo kukushisa.

Uzakwethu omuhle we-DDP uzokwenza kucace lokhu kukhwothi yakhe kanye nenkontileka yokuthengisa.

Izingozi Ezibalulekile Nezinkinga nge-DDP Umnyango Nomnyango

Ephepheni, i-DDP inhle ngempela kubathengi; Nokho, kunezingozi ezimbalwa okufanele uzazi ngazo lapho uletha izimpahla ezivela e-China ziya e-US.

Enye ingozi ukulandela imithetho. Uma umphakeli esho inani eliphansi, esebenzisa amakhodi e-HS angalungile, noma eqamba amanga ngokuthi ubani ngempela uMngenisi Werekhodi ukuze agcine ikhotheshini ye-DDP iphansi, usesengozini njengomnikazi wezimpahla. Uma i-US Customs ithola amaphutha kamuva, ingakhokhisa izinhlawulo, ithathe impahla, noma ikhokhise amanani futhi.

Okunye okukhathazayo ukungakwazi ukubona izinto ngokucacile. Kwesinye isikhathi abathengi bathola ukugadwa okulinganiselwe kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko ngoba umdluliseli womthengisi nguyena ophethe lonke iketango. Abanye abahlinzeki bangase bafihle izindleko zokuthumela eziphakeme enanini lomkhiqizo noma izinga le-DDP, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukuthi iyunithi ngayinye ibiza malini ngempela.

Uma umhlinzeki we-DDP engenabo ozakwethu abahle noma isipiliyoni e-US, kuphinde kube nobungozi bokusebenza. Ukungaphathwa kahle kwamaphepha entela noma ukusebenza kwechweba kungabangela ukuhlolwa, ukuchithwa, nokubambezeleka okulimaza ukutholakala kwakho kwempahla nokuthengisa ekugcineni.

Abathekelisi kufanele basebenzisane nabahlinzeki asebekhulile, abakhethekile abagxile eziteshini zase-China-USA, bazi imithetho yase-US, futhi bavuleleke ngokuthi bazithola kanjani izindleko ze-DDP ukuze babhekane nalezi zingozi.

Kunini lapho i-DDP Yomnyango Nomnyango Iwukukhetha Okuhle?

Kunezimo ezimbalwa ezivamile lapho izinsiza zasolwandle ze-DDP zendlu ngendlu zenza umqondo omkhulu.

Zilungele abangenisi abasha abangenayo inethiwekhi yamaloli ethembekile yase-US noma inethiwekhi yamaloli futhi bangathanda ukukhokha inani elilodwa eliyisicaba kunokusebenzelana nabathengisi abambalwa abahlukene.

Baphinde basebenze kahle kubathengisi be-Amazon FBA nabathengisi be-e-commerce abawela imingcele abancamela ukugxila ekwenzeni nasekukhangiseni imikhiqizo yabo esikhundleni sokuyithumela. Amabhizinisi amaningi ezinto ezisetshenziswayo agxile ku-FBA manje anikezela ngezixazululo ze-China–USA DDP ezihambisa izimpahla zisuka ezimbonini zase-China ziye ezikhungweni zokugcwalisa ze-FBA. Lezi zixazululo zihlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalebula alungile kanye nokumisa ama-aphoyintimenti.

Okokugcina, i-DDP ingaba inketho enhle yokuthunyelwa okuthembekile, okujwayelekile kwezimpahla ezifanayo, lapho umphakeli angakwazi ukubikezela ngokunembile izinkokhiso, amanani entengo, nezindleko zempahla futhi azifake esakhiweni sezinga lesikhathi eside.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uhambisa izinto eziningi, unemikhiqizo eminingi ehlukene, noma ufuna ukulawula ngokugcwele isu lemizila nemikhuba, ungagcina ukhuphukele emibhalweni efana ne-FOB noma i-CIF futhi usungule eyakho i-logistics ecosystem e-US.

Ukuthi Uzakwethu Oyingcweti Ofana Nokuthumela Kwe-Toway Angasiza Kanjani

I-DDP isabalalisa umthwalo wemfanelo kulo lonke uchungechunge lwezokuthutha; ngakho-ke, ulwazi nolwazi olukhethekile lubalulekile. Yilapho isevisi efana ne-Toway Shipping ingasiza khona ngempela.

I-Toway Shipping, ezinze e-Shenzhen, e-China, ibe ngumhlinzeki ochwepheshe wezixazululo ze-e-commerce logistics kusukela ngo-2010. Abantu abaqale inkampani baneminyaka engaphezu kwe-15 yokuhlangenwe nakho kokugunyazwa kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemikhuba yamasiko, ngokugxila okukhethekile e-US nase-China. izinto ezihambayo. Lobo buchwepheshe bubaluleke ngempela ku-DDP njengoba umphakeli kudingeka azi ukuthi azihambisa kanjani iziqukathi nokuthi amasiko ase-US asebenza kanjani, amanani ashintsha kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izinkundla ze-e-commerce ezidingayo.

I-Toway Shipping iphatha zonke izingxenye zochungechunge lwezokuthutha, kusukela ekuthatheni izimpahla zakho efekthri yakho noma kumnikezeli wempahla yakho ukuya kuzigcina phesheya kwezilwandle, ukususa amasiko, nokuziletha emnyango wakho. Izinsizakalo zabo eziguquguqukayo ze-full-container-load (i-FCL) nezingaphansi kwe-container-load (LCL) zixhuma abathumeli bangaphandle base-China namachweba abalulekile ase-US kanye nezindawo e-US zokuthutha impahla olwandle phakathi kwe-China ne-US. Lesi sici sifanelana kahle nezinsiza ze-DDP zendlu ngendlu, ezihlanganisa ukugeleza kwe-FCL ne-LCL nokugunyazwa kwentela nokulethwa ezweni ukuze kukhiqizwe intengo yomnyango owodwa, ebikezelwayo.

Uma uthengisa izinto ku-inthanethi unqamule imingcele, ikakhulukazi uma uthumela ku-Amazon FBA noma kwamanye amanethiwekhi okugcwalisa ase-US, uzakwethu onjengoTopay angenza imizila ye-DDP yangokwezifiso elingana nephethini yakho yokuthengisa kanye nesabelomali. Lokho kungaba yimpahla yasolwandle ehamba kancane kodwa eshibhile yokugcwalisa inqwaba noma izinketho ezishesha kakhulu kanye nezixazululo zomoya wasolwandle oyingxubevange wesizini ephezulu. Kunoma ikuphi, imisebenzi ikhokhwa kusengaphambili futhi amasiko anakekelwa ngemuva ukuze iqembu lakho likwazi ukuhlala ligxile ekuthengisweni nasekusunguleni umkhiqizo wakho.

Uma ucabanga ngamathuba e-DDP njengamanje, kungaba umqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nochwepheshe ongakuchazela ukuthi yini efakiwe, yini engekho, nokuthi ungamisa kanjani imigomo yakho yokuthumela ngendlela ebhalansisa kalula, ukuthobela, kanye nokubonakala kwezindleko.

Isiphetho

Umthwalo wendlu ngendlu we-DDP olwandle osuka e-China uya e-USA kungaba yindlela enhle yokuthi abangenisa impahla ngaphandle benze izinto ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwezimangaliso mayelana nezimali noma amaphepha. Umthengisi nozakwabo wezokuthutha baphethe cishe zonke izinyathelo zohambo ngaphansi kwe-DDP Incoterm. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukucosha izimpahla lapho zisuka khona, ukususa amasiko e-China, ukuwelisa ulwandle, ukusingathwa esikhumulweni semikhumbi, ukususa amasiko e-US, ukukhokha intela nezintela, nokuziletha emnyango womthengi.

Kodwa i-DDP ayisona isimangaliso. Ibeka ubungozi obuningi ngasohlangothini lomdayisi, futhi uma umhlinzeki ongenamakhono noma ongacacile eyisingatha, kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuthobela ezifihliwe, izindleko eziphezulu zezokuthutha, kanye nezikhala ze-supply chain. Abathengi kufanele bazi kahle ukuthi yini efakwe esicaphuneni se-DDP, bahlole ukuthi imisebenzi nezintela zitholwa kanjani, futhi bathole ukuthi ubani Ongenisa Irekhodi e-US.

I-DDP iyindlela elula kakhulu, kodwa ikunikeza ukulawula okuncane kune-FOB, CIF, ne-DAP. Isebenza kahle kakhulu kubangenisi abancane nabamaphakathi, amafemu e-e-commerce, nabathengisi be-Amazon FBA abafuna isixazululo esiphelele, ikakhulukazi uma bengathola usizo enkampanini enolwazi oluningi ngohwebo phakathi kweChina ne-US.

I-Toway Shipping iyinhlangano eyaqala e-Shenzhen futhi ibigxile kwezentengiso ye-elekthronikhi enqamula umngcele kanye ne-China-US Logistics. Kungase kuguqule i-DDP isuke esithembisweni esiyimbumbulu ibe isevisi ecacile, ehlelekile enciphisa ngempela umsebenzi wakho futhi igcine izindleko zakho ozitholile zizinzile. I-Toway ingakusiza ukuthi wenze ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuyinkimbinkimbi kube ingxenye evamile yemodeli yebhizinisi lakho ngokubeka yonke impahla yakho yolwandle i-FCL ne-LCL, indawo yokugcina impahla yangaphandle, ukususwa kwezimpahla, kanye nokulethwa kwemayela lokugcina ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa.

Uma usulungele ukukhuphula inani lezimpahla ozilethayo zisuka e-China ziye e-US, enye yezinketho ezinhle kakhulu zezokuthutha ongayenza ukufunda ukuthi i-DDP ihlanganisani ngempela bese ukhetha uzakwethu ofanele ozoyiletha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Q: Ihlanganisani ngempela “i-Delivered Duty Paid” yezimpahla zase-China eziya e-USA?
IMP: Esivumelwaneni se-DDP sokuthutha impahla olwandle phakathi kwe-China ne-US, umthengisi noma uzakwethu wezokuthutha uphethe cishe yonke into kusukela endaweni yase-China kuya endaweni eshiwo e-US. Lokho kuhlanganisa ukususa amasiko okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukukhokhela impahla eyinhloko yasolwandle, ukukhokha izimali zechweba kanye nezindawo zokugcina kuzo zombili iziphetho (uma kuvunyelwene), ukususa intela yezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ukukhokha intela kanye nezintela, nokuthwala izimpahla ngamaloli uziyise endaweni oyikhethile e-US. Umthengi unesibopho esikhulu sokusebenza ndawonye emaphepheni lapho ecelwa kanye nokukhipha imikhiqizo elolini ekupheleni kohambo.

Umbuzo: Ingabe i-DDP ingcono ngempela kune-FOB noma i-CIF kubangenisi abasha?
IMP: Kubathengi abaningi abasha, i-DDP ingcono kune-FOB noma i-CIF njengoba yenza izinto zibe lula kakhulu futhi yehlise nenani labathengisi okufanele babhekane nabo. Uma ukhetha i-FOB noma i-CIF, kufanele uthole owakho umthengisi wangokwezifiso futhi ngokuvamile uhlukanise amaloli e-US. Kufanele futhi ukhokhe imisebenzi futhi ulandele imithetho yenkambiso uwedwa. Nge-DDP, umhlinzeki oyedwa uhlanganisa zonke lezi zinto zibe yisixazululo esisodwa. Okubi ukuthi ungase ungakwazi ukubona izindleko nemizila ngokucacile; ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha uzakwethu we-DDP othembekile futhi ucele ukwehliswa kwezindleko okunembile.

Umbuzo: Ubani Ongenisa Irekhodi lapho ngisebenzisa i-DDP esuka e-China ngiya e-USA?
IMP: Umngenisi Werekhodi ngumuntu noma ibhizinisi elinesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto ezingenisiwe zilandela imithetho yamasiko yase-US kanye nokukhokha yonke imisebenzi, izintela, nezinkokhelo. Umthengisi noma i-ejenti yabo ivamise ukuba ngumngenisi werekhodi wokuthunyelwa kwe-DDP, ikakhulukazi ukuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce okunesizotha. Kodwa-ke, abanye abahlinzeki basengafuna ukuthi ufakwe ohlwini njengongenisa kwamanye amazwe wangempela noma usebenzise inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Uma uthumela ngemikhumbi e-Amazon FBA, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukhulume nomphakeli wakho we-DDP mayelana nalokhu futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uhlelo lulandela izindinganiso zamasiko zase-US kanye nezidingo zenkundla.

Umbuzo: Ingabe imisebenzi kanye nezintela zihlale zifakiwe kusicaphuni se-DDP?
IMP: I-DDP isho ukuthi umdayisi kufanele akhokhe imisebenzi nezintela; ngakho-ke, isilinganiso sangempela se-DDP kufanele sifake zonke izimali ezijwayelekile zokungenisa kanye nezintela zezimpahla zakho. Uma sekushiwo, kungase kube khona okushiywe noma ukuphrinta okuhle: abanye abahlinzeki bangase bangafaki ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwentela yempahla, imisebenzi evimbela ukulahlwa, noma amanani amasha aqala ukusebenza ngemva kosuku lokucaphuna. Ngaso sonke isikhathi cela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi acacise mayelana nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi nezintela ezifakiwe ngokusekelwe kumakhodi akho e-HS namanani amenyezelwe, kanye nokuthi bazozilawula kanjani izinguquko kuzilinganiso zentela noma ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo.

Q: Ingabe i-DDP ivunyelwe ukuthunyelwa kwe-Amazon FBA kusuka e-China kuya e-USA?
A: Yebo, i-DDP ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukuthumela impahla esuka e-China iye e-US ngokusebenzisa i-Amazon FBA, ikakhulukazi abathengisi abathengisa izimpahla ngaphesheya kwemingcele. Kodwa i-Amazon ngeke ibe ngumenzi werekhodi; ngakho-ke, umhlinzeki wakho we-DDP udinga ukusebenzisa isakhiwo esilandela indlela yokwamukela izimpahla ezivela e-Amazon futhi abonise ukuthi ubani ongenisa impahla wangempela. Uzakwethu we-DDP onekhono uzonakekela ukulebula kwe-FBA, izidingo zebhokisi, ukuhlela ama-aphoyintimenti okulethwa, kanye nokuxhumanisa iloli lemayela lokugcina ukuze isikhungo sokugcwalisa sithole ukuthunyelwa kwakho ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Umbuzo: Yini okufanele ngiyibheke lapho ngikhetha umhlinzeki we-DDP wendlu ngendlu?
IMP: Lapho ukhetha umphakeli we-DDP, kufanele uhlole ulwazi lwabo esiteshini sase-China–USA, ukuthi banomlando ngokuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce ne-FBA, nokuthi avuleke kangakanani mayelana namanani nezibopho. Qiniseka ukuthi bangakunikeza izimo ezibhaliwe ezicacile ezicacisayo ukuthi yini efakiwe nengafakiwe esilinganisweni se-DDP, ukuthi bayithola kanjani imisebenzi nezintela, ukuthi ubani Ongenisa Irekhodi, nokuthi kwenzekani uma amasiko ekhetha ukuthunyelwa kwakho ukuze kuhlolwe. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Topay Shipping, ezinolwazi oluningi mayelana nokugunyazwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye namasiko futhi zigxile ekuhwebeni kwe-e-border, ngokuvamile zikwazi kangcono ukunikeza izixazululo ze-DDP ezinokwethenjelwa nezivumelanayo.

Umbuzo: Ngingakwazi yini ukushintsha ukusuka ku-DDP ngiye ku-FOB noma elinye ithemu kamuva njengoba ibhizinisi lami likhula?
A: Yebo. Abangenisi abaningi baqala nge-DDP njengoba kulula futhi ayidingi msebenzi omningi. Njengoba amavolumu abo enyuka futhi bethuthukisa izinto zabo, bashintshela ku-FOB, CIF, noma i-DAP. Uma usunomthengisi othembekile wase-US, ukuxhumana nezinkampani zamaloli, nokuqonda kangcono isakhiwo sakho somsebenzi, ungakwazi ukuphatha impahla yakho ukuze ube nokulawula okwengeziwe futhi ngezinye izikhathi unciphise izindleko eziqondile. Njengoba inkampani yakho ikhula, kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo ama-Incoterms akho futhi uhlanganyele nozakwethu wezokuthutha ongakusiza ngoshintsho.