Ukungena Okusemthethweni Kwayo Yonke Iphakheji: Okushiwo Ukuphela "Kohlobo 86" Kubathengisi Abancane Abahamba Phambili
Isingeniso
Iminyaka eminingi, igebe elincane kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu lalilawula ezomnotho ze-e-commerce eziwela imingcele. Ngaphansi kweSigaba 321 soMthetho Wentela ka-1930, noma yikuphi ukuthunyelwa okunenani elingu-$800 noma ngaphansi kumuntu ngamunye ngosuku kwakungangeniswa e-United States ngaphandle kwentela, ngamadokhumenti amancane, futhi ngaphandle kwezinsizakalo zomthengisi wentela ofanelekayo. Abathengisi—ikakhulukazi labo abathengisa izinto ezinkulu njengefenisha, imishini yokuzivocavoca, izinto zikagesi, neminye imikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngqo evela eShayina—bakhe amasu okugcwalisa aphelele azungeze le nqubo.
Leso sikhathi sesidlulile ngokusemthethweni. I-Executive Order esayiniwe nguMongameli uTrump ngoJulayi 30, 2025, enesihloko esithi “Suspending Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries,” eqala ukusebenza ngo-12:01 ekuseni Agasti 29, 2025 ngo-7 pm ET Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) yamemezela ukuthi wonke amafayela e-Entry Type 86 ngokushintshana kwedatha kagesi azokwenqatshwa futhi wonke amafayela e-manifest eSigaba 321 azosuswa ku-Truck Manifest Trade Portal. Isinyathelo esisodwa sokulawula sanqamula isiteshi sokungena esingakahleleki esasiphethe inqwaba yezimpahla ezithunyelwa nge-e-commerce eziya e-US.
Kubathengisi bezimpahla ezinkulu nezisindayo, isigaba ochwepheshe bezokuthutha abasibiza ngokuthi “izinto ezinkulu kakhulu” noma i-超大件 olimini lokuhweba lwaseShayina, lesi sinyathelo singaphezu nje kokuphazamiseka. Sishintsha imodeli yezomnotho, umthwalo wokuthobela imithetho kanye nokubala okunesu lokuthumela imikhiqizo emikhulu evela eShayina iye eYurophu nase-US ngendlela emangalisayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza okwenzekile, ukuthi kungani kubalulekile nokuthi yini abathengisi abazimisele ngokusebenza okufanele bayenze ngakho.
Umlando Omfushane Wohlobo 86 kanye ne-De Minimis
Ukukhululwa kwe-de minimis kwaqala ngo-1930, kodwa kwathatha isimo lapho kubalulekile khona ngokwezomnotho namuhla lapho uMthetho Wokugqugquzelwa Kwezohwebo kanye Nokuqiniswa Kwezohwebo ka-2015 unyusa izinga le-de minimis lisuka ku-$200 laya ku-$800. Lokho kwanda, kanye nokwanda kwamapulatifomu avela ngqo eShayina, kwabeka isisekelo senani eliqopha umlando lokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle kwentela. Idatha ye-CBP ibonise ukuthi ngo-2023, cishe u-79% wezicelo ze-de minimis zangena e-US nge-Entry Type 86 Test noma i-Section 321 Data Pilot, zombili izinhlelo zokuhlola zokuzithandela ezethulwa ngo-2019 ukunikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle kwenani eliphansi.
Empeleni, uhlobo lokungenela 86 lwaluwukufakwa kwe-de minimis okubhalwe phansi, okwenziwa lula ngumxhumanisi. Kwakudinga kakhulu kunesitatimende esiyisisekelo se-carrier manifest kodwa kungenzima kakhulu kunokufakwa okuphelele okusemthethweni, okudinga ukukhiqizwa kwekhodi ye-Harmonised Tariff Schedule (HTS) enezinombolo eziyi-10 kanye nedatha yokuthobela imithetho ye-Partner Government Agency (PGA). Uhlobo 86 lwavula umnyango wezimpahla ezazingakwazi ukuzuza ekuhlukanisweni kwe-de minimis ngaphambilini ngenxa yemikhawulo ye-PGA. Abathengisi bamasiko abanelayisensi bafaka okufakiwe besebenzisa i-Automated Commercial Environment (ACE), okufakiwe kwacutshungulwa ngesikhathi, futhi izimpahla zathuthwa.
Le ndlela yayinhle kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kodwa futhi yaveza izikhala ezinkulu zokuphoqelelwa. Ukungena kwamaphakheji anenani eliphansi kwafihla izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-fentanyl, imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe, izimpahla mbumbulu, kanye nokuthunyelwa okuncishisiwe. I-CBP ngokwayo yavuma ukuthi inani lenza ukuhlolwa okuqondiwe kwaba nzima kakhulu. Ingcindezi evela kubakhiqizi bendawo, izinhlangano zabasebenzi kanye nabasekeli bezokuphepha kwezwe yanda kancane kancane, futhi ngo-2024 umbhalo wawususodongeni.
Isikhathi Sokushintsha Kwenqubomgomo
Isizinda sibalulekile lapha. Ukuze siqonde ukuthi imakethe ikuphi namuhla, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuwohloka kwe-de minimis kwavela ngezigaba.
| Usuku | Indawo | Impact |
| Kwangathi 2, 2025 | Ukukhululwa kwe-De minimis kuqediwe kwezimpahla zaseShayina/eHong Kong | Wonke amaphasela avela eShayina ayedinga ukungena ngokusemthethweni kungakhathalekile ukuthi inani lawo lingakanani |
| July 30, 2025 | I-Executive Order suspension de minimis isayiniwe emhlabeni jikelele | Izidingo zomsebenzi ezengeziwe kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni jikelele |
| August 29, 2025 | Ukumiswa komhlaba wonke kuqala ukusebenza | I-CBP yenqaba zonke izitatimende ze-EDI zohlobo lwe-86; Isigaba 321 sisusiwe |
| Okuqhubekayo ngo-2025-2026 | Kuphakanyiswe Inqubo Yokungena Ethuthukisiwe | I-CBP ithuthukisa ukungena okusemthethweni okulula kwezimpahla ezinenani eliphansi, okwakhelwe ezintweni zedatha zohlobo 86 |
Lokho okubonayo kulesi sikhathi sesikhathi kuwukukhuphuka okuhleliwe, okuhleliwe. Umphakathi wezohwebo wawunezixwayiso ezithile mayelana nokulahlekelwa ukuvikelwa kwe-de minimis, okokuqala kwezinto ezivela eShayina, okuyingxenye enkulu kakhulu yethrafikhi ye-e-commerce ewela imingcele. Ukwandiswa komhlaba wonke ngo-Agasti 2025 kwaba yisenzo sokugcina, ukuvimba umzila ngokuphelele kubathengisi noma kuphi emhlabeni ababelokhu bethembele ekufinyeleleni okulula.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, isu lesikhathi eside le-CBP lihlanganisa "Inqubo Yokungena Ethuthukisiwe" eyakhela phezu kwengqalasizinda yedatha eyasungulwa ngoHlelo Lokuhlola Lohlobo 86. Ngakho-ke akusikho ukuthi i-ejensi imelene nokungena okusheshayo, ukuthi bafuna idatha engcono, bafuna ukuthobela imithetho emikhulu futhi bafuna ukubona intela yangempela iqoqwa ezintweni ezazidlula ngaphambilini.
Lokho “Izinto Ezinkulu Kakhulu” Ezibhekene Nakho Manje
Ukungena ngokusemthethweni kuyindleko eyengeziwe yamaphakheji amancane avamile - izimali zomthengisi, izidingo zebhondi, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-HTS, izinkokhelo zentela. Imiphumela ijule kakhulu kubathengisi bezimpahla ezinkulu nezisindayo, njengoba abaningi babengasebenzisi i-de minimis kwasekuqaleni. Kodwa lesi sinyathelo sokulawula sithinta zonke izingxenye zempahla ewela imingcele, ngisho nendawo ekhethekile yokuthunyelwa kwempahla efinyelela kumathani ayi-8 metric ngesisindo kanye nobukhulu obungaphezu kwamamitha ama-4.
Isakhiwo Sezindleko Sishintshile Kuwo Wonke Umuntu
Ngisho nabathengisi abaletha ngempahla yolwandle ngaphansi kokungena okusemthethweni bebelokhu bejabulela izinzuzo zesistimu yezokuthutha eqondiswe ekugelezeni kwamaphasela anomthamo omkhulu, alula. Imakethe, lapho i-de minimis yayiphatha khona inani elikhulu lokungena, yazibonakalisa ngezikhathi zokucubungula amatheku, izakhiwo zemali yomthengisi kanye namanani enkampani. Njengoba leyo thrafikhi manje ingena ekungeneni okusemthethweni, imigqa yokucubungula iyakhula, izinsiza zomthengisi ziyancishiswa kakhulu, futhi izindleko zokuphatha ziyakhuphuka. Izilinganiso zemboni zithi izikhathi zokucubungula amaphepha zingase zikhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-30 kuya kwangama-50 ngaphansi kohlelo olusha, kuyilapho izimali zokuthengisa nokuphatha iphasela ngalinye ezivela kubathwali kanye nabathengisi bempahla zikhuphuke ngo-$10 kuya ku-$20 kokuthunyelwa okuningi.
Lokhu kulola ukugxila okuncintisanayo ezimpahleni ezinkulu lapho izindleko zokuthutha ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye seziphezulu kakade. Abathengisi bemikhiqizo okuhlanganisa izihlalo zokubhucunga, ama-treadmill, amasethi etafula lokudlela, amafriji kanye nokukhanyisa kwezimboni, ababevele besebenza emikhawulweni emincane yamazwe ngamazwe, manje kuzodingeka babonise ukuhambisana nemithetho yamasiko njengezindleko ezinqunyelwe ngokunemba okwengeziwe.
Izibalo Zentela Yezimpahla Ezinkulu Ezivela EShayina
| Isigaba somkhiqizo | Izinga Lentela Elisebenzayo | Isidingo Sokungena | Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile |
| Ifenisha (amasofa, imibhede, amatafula) | Kufika ku-25% (Isigaba 301) | Ukungena Okusemthethweni (Uhlobo 01 noma Uhlobo 11) | Ukuzwela okuphezulu kokuhlukaniswa; ukuchayeka ku-AD/CV |
| Ikhaya Izinto zikagesi (iziwashi, amafriji) | 15-25% (Isigaba 301) | Ukungena Okuhlelekile | Izidingo ze-PGA (CPSC) zokuphepha kukagesi |
| Imishini Yokuzivocavoca (imishini yokunyathela, amabhayisikili) | 7.5-25% (Isigaba 301) | Ukungena Okuhlelekile | I-premium yempahla esekelwe esisindweni; ukuhlukaniswa kuyahlukahluka |
| Izimoto Zikagesi / Amabhayisikili E-E | Kufika ku-100%+ (I-IEEPA + Isigaba 301) | Ukungena Okuhlelekile | Izidingo ze-PGA ezihlobene nebhethri (i-DOT, i-EPA) |
| Imishini Yezimboni/Yezentengiselwano | Iyahlukahluka kakhulu | Ukungena Okuhlelekile | Ukuchayeka okungenzeka kwe-AD/CV kwezingxenye zensimbi |
Amanani entela ashiwo ngenhla awamasha. Amanani entela eSigaba 301 ezimpahleni zaseShayina abe khona kusukela ekubuseni kukaTrump kokuqala. Into entsha ukuthi ayikho indlela yokuzigwema ngezimpahla ezinenani eliphansi. Ngokwenkolelo-mbono, ngaphansi kombuso wangaphambilini, umthengisi angase aklame ukuthunyelwa okungaphansi kwe-de minimis. Uhlelo olukhona aluvumeli isakhiwo. Okufakiwe kusemthethweni, ikhodi ye-HTS iyaqinisekiswa futhi intela iyaqoqwa.
Yiziphi Izinguquko Kubathengisi Bemakethe YaseYurophu
Abathengisi bezentengiselwano ze-inthanethi baseYurophu kanye nabathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina abathengisa ezimakethe ze-EU babhekene nomkhuba ofanayo, kodwa ohlukile, wokulawula. Izinyathelo zase-US ziqoqe izindaba ezisematheni ngokushesha, kodwa i-European Union ibilokhu iholwa ngendlela efanayo. Isiphakamiso sokuguqulwa kwemithetho yamasiko se-EU, esibe sixoxwa kusukela ngo-2023 futhi esisaqaliswa kancane kancane, sibhekana nokusetshenziswa kabi okufanayo kwe-de minimis okwaholela esenzweni senqubomgomo yase-US. Izichibiyelo eziphakanyisiwe e-EU zizosusa ukukhululwa entelweni yamasiko yokungenisa impahla ebiza ngaphansi kwe-EUR 150 futhi zizodinga izimemezelo zamasiko ezisemthethweni zayo yonke imikhiqizo yezentengiselwano kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingakanani.
Ukuba khona kweTopway Shipping eYurophu kubaluleke kakhulu kubathengisi bezinto ezinkulu kakhulu eziqondiswe kubathengi baseYurophu. Le nkampani inikeza isevisi ye-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) emnyango nomnyango emazweni angu-25 angamalungu e-EU futhi inikeza nokususwa kwempahla ngaphakathi endlini ngemisebenzi yayo yokususwa kwempahla evunyiwe. Isibopho sokuthobela imithetho akusikho okomthengisi, kungokwabahlinzeki bezimpahla, futhi ukwenza lokhu ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sezindleko esibekiwe.
Ngezansi ukuqhathanisa isiteshi okubonisa ukuthi abathengisi abahlose iYurophu kufanele bacabangele kanjani ukukhethwa kwemizila emakethe yamanje.
| Isiteshi | Isikhathi Sokuthutha | Ukuzwela Intengo | Customs Handling | Okuhle kakhulu |
| European I-Air Freight | izinsuku 12-15 | Phezulu (i-premium) | Ukungena okusemthethweni okugcwele | Izimpahla zesizini ezinenani eliphezulu |
| Impahla Yokuthutha Yasolwandle YaseYurophu (FCL/LCL) | izinsuku 45-50 | Okuphansi (umnotho) | Ukungena okusemthethweni okugcwele; i-DDP iyatholakala | Izinto ezinkulu, ezisindayo; ezingabizi kakhulu |
| Isitimela saseShayina-Europe (iShayina-Europe Express) | izinsuku 30-45 | Medium | Ukungena okusemthethweni okugcwele | Ukuphuthuma okuphakathi nendawo; impahla ye-e-commerce |
| Indlu Yokugcina Yaphesheya + Imayela Lokugcina | eliguqukayo | Okuphakathi nendawo | Isitoko esisuliwe kusengaphambili | Ukugcwaliswa kwe-B2C; ukulethwa kwe-aphoyintimenti |
Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kwe-Topway Okuhamba Ngayo Ezweni Elisha Lokuthobela Imithetho
I-Topway Shipping yasungulwa eShenzhen ngo-2010, futhi ithuthukise ubuwena bayo bebhizinisi ngokuphathelene nohlobo lwempahla oluthinteka kakhulu yimvelo entsha yamasiko: izinto ezinkulu, ezisindayo ezisuka eShayina ziya eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Abasunguli benkampani baneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 yobuchwepheshe embonini abanekhono lokuphatha izinto eziwela imingcele kanye nokususwa kwamasiko, futhi bahlangabezane nazo zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wenqubomgomo yokuhweba phakathi kwe-US neShayina.
I-Topway Shipping iphinde inikeze ukuthunyelwa emazweni angu-25 aseYurophu ngesisekelo se-DDP ngaleyo ndlela iba ngumthengisi oqopha umlando futhi ifaka phakathi inqubo yokukhishwa kwempahla ngaphakathi kokulethwa kwayo kwezinsizakalo. Kubathengisi abake basebenzisa i-de minimis esikhathini esidlule ukuze benze lula isithombe sabo sokuthobela imithetho, lo modeli unikeza indawo efanayo: umlingani oyedwa wezokuthutha ozolanda efektri yaseShayina, ahlangane eShenzhen warehouse, ahambe olwandle noma ngesitimela, asuse amasiko lapho eya khona futhi ahlele imayela lokugcina ukuya emnyango wekhasimende lokugcina.
Amandla enkampani amakhulu kakhulu ezinto afanelekela ngqo izigaba zemikhiqizo ezithinteka kakhulu ushintsho lomthetho. Inethiwekhi ye-Topway Shipping ingamukela ukuthunyelwa kwezinto ezinesisindo esingama-metric tonnes angu-8 futhi ezingaba amamitha angu-8 kunoma iyiphi i-dimension eyodwa. Umkhawulo wokuphakama wamamitha angu-2.57 wokulethwa ekhaya uhambisana nokufinyelela okuvamile kwezindawo zokuhlala ezimakethe zaseYurophu.
Ngasohlangothini lobuchwepheshe, i-Topway Shipping ineplatifomu ye-logistics ehlakaniphile enelungelo lobunikazi – uhlelo lwe-欧象 (OuXiang) – olunikeza abathengisi ukubonakala okugcwele kokuthunyelwa kusukela ku-oda kuya ekusayinweni kwamakhasimende. Ezweni lapho inqubo yokukhishwa kwempahla yamasiko idala izinqubo zenqubo, ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela akuseyona isici esengeziwe kodwa kuyinkinga yokuthobela imithetho kanye nolwazi lwamakhasimende. Ukubambezeleka okubangelwa ukubanjwa kwempahla kulula kakhulu ukukuthethelela uma umthengisi engatshela umthengi ngqo ukuthi impahla ikuphi nokuthi kungani ibanjwa.
Izinombolo zesikali ezivela ekudalulweni kwakamuva kwenkampani zikhuluma ngokujula kokusebenza kwangempela - amakhilomitha angaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu okulethwa, amaphasela angaphezu kuka-200,000 athunyelwe, amamitha-skwele angu-5,000 ajwayelekile kugcinwa, ukuthunyelwa kwenani lama-oda lanyanga zonke okungaphezu kuka-2,000, amakhasimende athengisayo angaphezu kuka-1,000 kanye nobudlelwano nabalingani abangaphezu kuka-80 kunethiwekhi yayo yezokuthutha. Lezi akuzona izinombolo zokuzikhukhumeza, kodwa kunalokho ingqalasizinda edingekayo ukuze kuthathwe ubunzima bokulawula ngezinga.
Imiphumela Ewusizo Kubathengisi: Okufanele Ukwenze Manje
Ukuphela kohlobo 86 kanye neSigaba 321 de minimis akuyona into eyenzeka kanye kuphela. I-CBP ikwenze kwacaca esimemezelweni sayo sokuthi ngeke yamukele noma yimaphi amafayela e-EDI yohlobo 86 kusukela manje kuqhubeke, futhi isivumelwano sezepolitiki soshintsho sihlanganisa ukuthi womabili amaqembu amakhulu e-US Abathengisi kudingeka bacabange ngalokhu njengoshintsho oluhlala njalo lwesakhiwo futhi bashintshe imisebenzi yabo ngokufanele.
Hlela Imikhiqizo Yakho Ngokushesha
Uma ungakakhiphi izinombolo ze-HTS eziqondile ezinezinombolo eziyi-10 kuwo wonke umkhiqizo kukhathalogi yakho, kwenze manje. Ngaphansi kohlelo olusha, izinhlawulo zokuhlukanisa ngokungafanele zingadlula intela egwenyiwe, futhi i-CBP ibheka ngenkuthalo okufakiwe okwakufakwe ngaphambilini ngaphansi kwezindlela ezilula. Izimpahla ezinkulu kakhulu ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa ngaphansi kwezahluko ze-HTS ezinzima zefenisha (Isahluko 94), imishini (Isahluko 84), izimoto (Isahluko 87) kanye nezinto zikagesi (Isahluko 85). Amaphutha okuhlela avamile futhi ayabiza.
Bala Kabusha Izindleko Zakho Zokufika
Imodeli yakho yezindleko ezifike ngo-2024 ayisasebenzi. Ukubalwa okulungile manje kufaka phakathi noma yiziphi izinkokhelo zeSigaba 301 ezisebenzayo ngokusekelwe kukhodi yakho ye-HTS, noma yiziphi izinkokhelo zokulahla noma zokuphikisana eziqondene nesigaba sakho somkhiqizo, izimali zomthengisi wentela (ngokuvamile $50-$150 ngokufakwa okusemthethweni), izimali ze-ISF (Importer Security Filing), noma yiziphi izindleko zokuphatha ichweba ezihlobene nokucubungula ukungena okusemthethweni kanye nezindleko zokulethwa kwemayela lokugcina zezinto ezinkulu ezidinga ukuhlela i-aphoyintimenti.
Ezigabeni eziningana zemikhiqizo, izindleko zokufika zizokhuphuka ngamaphesenti aphakathi kuka-15 no-25 kusukela emazingeni angaphambi kuka-2025. Leso yisibalo okufanele siqondise izinqumo zamanani, hhayi amathemba okuguqulwa kwenqubomgomo.
Hlola i-Overseas Warehouse njenge-Buffer
Enye indlela esebenzayo yokwandisa ubunzima bentela ukushintshela isitokwe ezindaweni zokugcina impahla zaphesheya kwezilwandle ngaphambi kwezinkathi zesidingo esiphezulu. Abathengisi banganciphisa izindleko zokuthobela imithetho futhi basuse izindleko zokukhokha ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye kuma-oda e-B2C ngokususa kusengaphambili imikhiqizo ngobuningi lapho uhlu lwentela lufushane. Izinsizakalo zokugcina impahla zamazwe ngamazwe ze-Topway Shipping eYurophu zifaka phakathi ukucubungula okungenayo, ukulebula kabusha, ukupakisha kabusha kanye nokuthunyelwa kwe-B2C, okwenza kube yindawo efanelekile yokubeka abathengisi abafuna ukukhulula uchungechunge lwabo lokuhlinzeka kusukela kuhlelo lokuthobela imithetho.
Ubambisene Nomhlinzeki Wezokuthutha Ophethe Amandla Akhe Okuthutha
Esikhathini esidala se-de minimis, izinto zokuthutha kanye namasiko kwakuyizinkinga ezizimele kakhulu. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke ziyinto eyodwa. Insizakalo yezokuthutha esebenzisa abathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle ukuze kusulwe amasiko izodala ukubambezeleka, izikhala zokuxhumana kanye nezikhala zokuzibophezela umhlinzeki onekhono lokuhlanza ngaphakathi endlini angeke akwenze. Iqiniso lokuthi ukuhlanza kanye nokulethwa kuhlanganisiwe kuyinzuzo yangempela yokusebenza, ikakhulukazi kubathengisi bezinto ezinkulu kakhulu, lapho ukubambezeleka kokuthunyelwa okukodwa kungaholela ekungafakwani kwe-aphoyintimenti, ukwanda kwenkonzo yamakhasimende, kanye nokubuyekezwa okubi.
Indawo Yokuncintisana Isezingeni Elihle Ngempela
Kuhle ukuhoxa ebunzimeni bokusebenza ukuze uqaphele into ephikisanayo: kubathengisi abaziwayo bezinto ezinkulu ezinhle kakhulu, ukuphela kwe-de minimis kungase kungabi yizindaba ezimbi kuphela. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, amapulatifomu amaningana awela imingcele asebenzisa ithuba le-de minimis ukuthumela ngqo kubathengi base-US naseYurophu ngamanani afaka phakathi izindleko zentela ezingenalutho. Lokhu kwacindezela amamajini ngokwenziwa kubathengisi abasebenza ngaphansi kohlelo lokungenisa oluphelele.
Ucwaningo lwe-Consumer Edge lwango-Ephreli 2025 lwembule ukwehla okukhulu kokukhula kwamapulatifomu aphezulu avela ngqo eShayina kanye noshintsho ekusetshenzisweni kwemali ngabathengi kuya kubathengisi base-US nabaseYurophu abasunguliwe. Udonga lwentela lungokoqobo, futhi zonke izimpahla ezivela eShayina - kufaka phakathi abadlali ababiza kakhulu abasekela amasu abo ku-arbitrage yokulawula - ziyathinteka. Labo abatshale imali ekhwalithini yomkhiqizo, ukwesekwa ngemuva kokuthengisa kanye nokugcwaliseka okuthembekile manje basenkundleni yokudlala esezingeni eliphezulu.
Lesi yisikhathi sokuba abakhiqizi baseShayina nabathumeli ngaphandle bezinto ezinkulu nezinkulu ezisezingeni eliphezulu – abenzi befenisha, izinhlobo zemishini kanye nezinkampani zemishini yokuzivocavoca ezitshale imali yobunjiniyela nokuklama emikhiqizweni yazo – baqinisekise iziphakamiso zenani ezifihliwe amasu okwehlisa intengo. Izindleko zokuthobela imithetho zibalulekile, kodwa zivamile kubo bonke abadlali bemakethe. Namuhla, izinto ezihlukanisayo ukusebenza kahle, ikhwalithi yesevisi, kanye nokuthembeka kwempahla.
Isiphetho
Ukuqedwa kohlobo lokungena 86 kanye nokumiswa komhlaba wonke kweSigaba 321 de minimis kuyiphuzu elibalulekile lokushintsha kwezentengiselwano ze-inthanethi eziwela imingcele, ikakhulukazi kubathengisi bezinto ezinkulu nezisindayo ezihamba phakathi kwezimakethe zaseShayina nezaseNtshonalanga. Isiteshi sokungena esingakahleleki esasivame ukuphatha inqwaba yezimpahla ezingenayo e-US asisekho, futhi imithetho yokuthobela imithetho esebenza ekuthunyelweni kwama-treadmill manje ifana ngokwesakhiwo naleyo esebenza esitsheni sama-semiconductor.
Lokhu akusona isizathu sokuphuma ezimakethe zaphesheya. Leso yisizathu sokuthatha ngokungathi sína ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha. Abathengisi abahlele amaketanga abo okuhlinzeka ngempahla ngozakwethu abanekhono langempela lokukhokha, amakhono okukhokha kanye nolwazi olukhethekile ngokulethwa kwempahla enkulu kakhulu bazokwamukela izindleko ezintsha ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu kunalabo abasabheka ezokuthutha njengomsebenzi wokuthenga impahla.
Yileyo kanye indawo yokusebenza eyadalelwa imodeli ye-Topway Shipping – isevisi ye-DDP yokungena endlini ngendlu emazweni angu-25 e-EU, ukukhishwa kwezimpahla ngaphakathi endlini, ukuphathwa okuzinikele kwezinto ezinkulu kakhulu (kufika kumathani angu-8 namamitha angu-8) kanye nepulatifomu yayo yokulandelela. Inselele yabathengisi akukhona ukuthi kufanele balandele yini izinqubo zokungena ezisemthethweni. Impendulo yombuzo ithi: Inselele iwukuthi, ubani omethembayo ukuthi aqondise lokho kuthobela imithetho lapho izimpahla zakho ziwela iPacific noma izwekazi lase-Eurasia.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
U: Luyini ngempela uhlobo lokungena 86, futhi kungani ukuphela kwalo kubalulekile?
A: Uhlobo Lokungena 86 lwaluwuhlobo lokungena olungakahleleki lwe-US Customs and Border Protection olwaluvumela izinto ezibiza ngaphansi kuka-$800 ukuthi zikhiphe amasiko ngogesi zisebenzisa i-Automated Commercial Environment (ACE) ngaphandle kokukhokha intela. Lokhu kwakuhilela inombolo ye-HTS enezinombolo eziyi-10 kanye nomthengisi wentela obhalisiwe, oqinile kakhulu kune-manifest eyisisekelo yokuthwala kodwa okunzima kakhulu kunokungena okusemthethweni. Ukususwa kwalo kusho ukuthi konke ukuthunyelwa - kungakhathalekile ukuthi inani - manje kufanele kuhambisane nokungena okusemthethweni, kukhokhe intela efanele futhi kuhlangabezane nazo zonke izidingo zamaphepha.
Q: Ingabe lokhu kuthinta ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla eYurophu, noma e-United States kuphela?
A: Umyalo wokuphatha ka-Agasti 2025 usebenza e-United States kuphela. Kodwa i-European Union ibilokhu ilandela ukuguqulwa kwamasiko okufanayo ngendlela efanayo, okuhlanganisa nokususwa kokukhululwa kokungeniswa kwezimpahla zezentengiselwano ngenani eliphansi le-EUR 150. Abathengisi abafuna izimakethe zaseYurophu kufanele bacabange ukuthi amalungelo okungena okungakahleleki ayaqina emhlabeni wonke futhi baphathe izinto zabo zokuthutha ngendlela efanele.
U: Yiziphi izindleko ezijwayelekile abathengisi abangazilindela ngaphansi kokungena okusemthethweni kwezinto ezinkulu kakhulu?
A: Ngaphandle kwanoma yimiphi intela yokungenisa efanele (engaba phakathi kuka-7.5% kuya ngaphezulu kuka-25%, kuye ngesigaba somkhiqizo, sezimpahla ezivela eShayina) abathengisi kufanele bahlele isabelomali sezindleko zomthengisi wentela (cishe u-$50 kuya ku-$150 ngokungena ngakunye), izimali zokufaka izicelo ze-ISF, kanye nanoma yiziphi izindleko zokuphatha ichweba eziqondene nendawo oya kuyo. Izimali zokugcina zingabandakanya imikhiqizo emikhulu edinga ukulethwa kwe-aphoyintimenti. Uma usebenza nomhlinzeki wezokuthutha we-DDP njenge-Topway Shipping, lezi zimali zihlanganiswa zibe yisilinganiso esisodwa, okwenza kube lula ukuhlela.
U: Ngingathumela yini izimpahla ezinkulu kakhulu ezivela eShayina ziye eYurophu ngokuncintisana ngaphansi kwemithetho emisha?
A: Yebo. Imithetho emisha yamasiko yengeza izindleko kanye nobunzima bokuphatha, kodwa iyafana kubo bonke abahlanganyeli emakethe. Manje abathengisi abatshale imali kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nensizakalo yamakhasimende basenkundleni yokudlala elinganayo kunangesikhathi abancintisana nabo ababiza kancane kakhulu besebenzisa amathuba amancane. Kubalulekile ukuba nomlingani wezokuthutha ofanele onemvume yamasiko yangaphakathi kanye nobuchwepheshe ekulethweni kwezinto ezinkulu ukuze kugcinwe izindleko ezifike zibikezelwe kanye nokusebenza kahle kokulethwa.
Q: I-Topway Shipping iphatha kanjani ukusulwa kwezimpahla ezinkulu kakhulu?
A: Ngokuthunyelwa kwe-DDP emazweni angu-25 e-EU, i-Topway Shipping ikhipha intela ngaphakathi. Ithimba lenkampani liphatha ukuhlukaniswa kwe-HTS, ukubalwa kwentela, ukulungiswa kwamadokhumenti, kanye nokuxhumana neziphathimandla zamasiko echwebeni noma emngceleni wendawo oya kuyo. Lokho kusho ukuthi umthengisi akudingeki akhokhele umthengisi wamasiko ohlukile - kufakiwe njengengxenye yesisombululo sezokuthutha kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.
