Amasiko aseGrisi Aqinile — Nakhu Okwenqatshwa Ukuthunyelwa
Isingeniso
Ephepheni, ukuthumela imikhiqizo eGrisi kubonakala kulula. Phela, iyilungu le-EU futhi inesakhiwo se-Union Customs Code esisungulwe kahle. Kodwa empeleni, amasiko aseGrisi anedumela phakathi kwabathumeli bangaphandle ngokuba abaqaphile kakhulu. Amaphakheji ayabanjwa, ukuthunyelwa kuthunyelwa emuva, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinto ziyathathwa nje. Konke lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kwagwenywa ngokuhlela okufanele.
Uma uthengisa izinto ku-inthanethi ngaphesheya kwemingcele kumakhasimende aseGrisi, uphatha imithwalo yezitsha ezinkulu njengomthengisi wezimpahla, noma uletha izimpahla eGrisi ukuze zisatshalaliswe endaweni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi amasiko enqabe izimpahla zakho. Akudingeki nje kuphela ukuthi ukhokhe intela yempahla enqatshiwe, kodwa futhi kufanele ukhokhele ukubambezeleka, izindleko zokugcina, ubudlelwano bamakhasimende obonakele, kanye nakwezinye izimo, izimpahla ngokwazo.
Lesi sihloko sichaza kabanzi ngezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi kungani ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla kumiswa noma kunqatshelwe emasikweni aseGrisi ngo-2025, imithetho elawula lezo zinqumo, nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zakho ziyadlula ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ukuqonda Uhlaka Lwezinkambiso ZaseGrisi
IGrisi ayinalo uhlelo lwayo lwentela. Njengelungu le-EU, ilandela i-Union Customs Code (UCC), Regulation (EU) 952/2013, ebeka imithetho efanayo yokuthi imikhiqizo ihlukaniswa kanjani, ibekwa kanjani intengo, futhi ihlanzwe kanjani kuwo wonke amazwe angu-27 e-EU. Imithetho yalokho okungangena eGrisi ifana kakhulu naleyo yaseJalimane, eFrance, noma e-Italy. Kodwa-ke, indlela le mithetho eqiniswa ngayo nokuthi izinto zicutshungulwa ngokushesha kangakanani kungase kuhluke kakhulu kusuka kwesinye isizwe kuya kwesinye.
I-Greek Independent Authority for Public Revenue (AADE) iphethe amasiko futhi isebenza ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yayo yedijithali ukuze ihlangabezane nezindinganiso ze-EU ngo-2025. Ichweba lasePiraeus liyindawo eyinhloko yokungena kwezimpahla ezifakwe emathinini eGrisi. Liphatha cishe u-70% wazo zonke izinto ezingeniswayo ezweni. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, liye laba lukhuni kakhulu ngendlela elihlola ngayo ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-e-commerce ye-VAT ka-2021 ye-EU kwaba ushintsho olukhulu emithethweni yokuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce. Kwasusa izinga lokungakhokhiswa kwe-VAT langaphambilini le-€22. Wonke amaphakheji ezentengiselwano afika eGrisi manje kufanele akhokhe i-VAT, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubiza malini. Ukuthunyelwa okungaphansi kwe-€150 kusese mahhala ezindlekweni zentela, yize izinga le-VAT elivamile laseGrisi elingu-24% liyasebenza. Uma imikhiqizo ibiza ngaphezu kwe-€150, ikhokhiswa intela yentela (esekelwe enanini le-CIF kanye nezinga lentela yekhodi ye-HS elihambisanayo) kanye ne-VAT. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokunganqatshwa ukuqonda lo mkhawulo.
Imingcele Yamasiko YaseGrisi Ngokubuka Nje (2025)
| Inani Lokuthunyelwa | Isimo Somsebenzi | Ukwelashwa kwe-VAT |
| €0 – €45 (umuntu nomuntu) | Intela yentela ayikhishwanga | I-VAT ekhululiwe |
| €0 – €150 (ezentengiso) | Intela yentela ayikhishwanga | Kusebenza i-VAT engu-24%; i-IOSS ingaqoqa kusengaphambili |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-€150 | Intela yokungenisa impahla isekelwe kukhodi ye-HS + inani le-CIF | I-VAT engu-24% ku-(CIF + intela yokungenisa) |
Izizathu Ezivame Kakhulu Zokwenqatshwa Kokuthunyelwa Kwezimpahla
Amasiko amaGreki awawaxoshi amaphakheji ngokungahleliwe. Kunezinkinga ezimbalwa ezihlala zivela ezibangela ukwenqatshwa ngakunye. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ukuzazi kusenesikhathi.
I-Matrix Yengozi Yokwenqatshwa Kokuthunyelwa
| Isigaba Sokwenqatshwa | Izibonelo Ezivamile | Umphumela Ongaba khona |
| Idokhumenti Engalungile Noma Engekho | Ikhodi ye-HS engalungile, i-invoyisi yezentengiselwano engekho, akukho uhlu lokupakisha | Ibanjwe echwebeni, imvume ibambezelekile |
| Isimemezelo Esingenanani Elifanele | Inani elimenyezelwe lingaphansi kwentengo yemakethe, i-invoyisi engahambisani | Inhlawulo efinyelela ku-100% yenani lezimpahla, ukuthathwa |
| Izimpahla Ezinqatshelwe noma Ezikhawulelwe | Izinto mbumbulu, ukudla/imikhiqizo ethile yezolimo, izinhlobo ezisohlwini lwe-CITES | Ukuphucwa impahla, isinyathelo esingokomthetho esingaba khona |
| Izindinganiso Zomkhiqizo Ezingahambisani Nemithetho | Uphawu lwe-CE olungekho, akukho ukuhambisana ne-REACH, ilebula elingafanele | Ukubuyiselwa noma ukubhujiswa kwezimpahla |
| Izinkinga ze-VAT kanye nezentela | Ayikho inombolo ye-IOSS, i-VAT engakhokhelwa ezimpahleni ezingaphezu kuka-€150 | Ukuthunyelwa kubanjwe kuze kube yilapho intela ikhokhiwe noma ibuyiswa |
| Ukungalandeli Umthetho Wokupakisha | Akukho ilebula yesiGreki/yesiNgisi, akukho uphawu lwe-CE kuma-elekthronikhi | Ukwenqatshwa noma ukulebula kabusha okuphoqelekile ngezindleko |
Amaphutha Emibhalo kanye Nemibhalo Engekho
Lesi, ngokusobala, yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu sokubanjwa kanye nokwenqatshwa kwentela eGrisi. I-invoyisi yezentengiselwano iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yanoma yisiphi isimemezelo sentela. Ngisho namaphutha amancane, njengomehluko phakathi kwenani elimenyezelwe kanye namarekhodi okukhokha asebhange, ikhodi ye-HS engekho entweni eyodwa yomugqa, noma umehluko wekheli phakathi kwe-invoyisi kanye ne-bill of lading, kungavimba ukuthunyelwa kwentela.
Izikhulu zentela zaseGrisi zifundiswa ukuhlola izinto ezibonakala sengathi zizama ukufihla okuthile noma ezingenangqondo. Uma i-invoyisi ithi izimpahla “ziyisipho” uma ziwumthwalo wentengiso ngokusobala, noma uma zibonisa inani eliphansi kakhulu kunentengo yemakethe yento yomkhiqizo eyaziwayo, cishe kuzoholela ekuhlolweni ngokomzimba. Uma ukuthunyelwa kungene emzileni wokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kungathatha izinsuku eziningana noma ngaphezulu, futhi imali yokuhlola nokugcina iqala ukwakheka kanye.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwekhodi Ye-HS Okungalungile
IGrisi isebenzisa uhlelo lokubhala ikhodi lwe-Combined Nomenclature (CN) lwe-EU olunezinombolo eziyi-10, oluyisandiso se-Harmonized System (HS) enezinombolo eziyi-6 esetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke. I-EU yashintsha amakhodi ayo e-CN ekuqaleni kuka-2025. Bangeze izihlokwana ezintsha, ikakhulukazi ze-elekthronikhi namabhethri. Lolu shintsho lunomthelela oqondile ezinhlotsheni eziningana zemikhiqizo ye-e-commerce ethandwayo. Uma amasiko ethola ukuthi usebenzise ikhodi ye-HS engalungile noma endala ngamabomu, ungahlawuliswa kuze kufike ku-100% wenani lezimpahla.
Uma uthengisa amabhethri e-lithium noma amagajethi asebenza ngebhethri eGrisi, udinga ukunaka kakhulu izihlokwana ezintsha zika-2025 ngaphansi kweSahluko 85 (HS 8507.xx). Enye yezindlela ezisheshayo zokufaka uphawu lomthwalo ukuze uhlolwe eduze ukuthola ukuhlukaniswa okungalungile kule mikhiqizo.
Ukungabi Namanani Afanele Kwezimpahla
Enye yezinto izikhulu zaseGrisi ezizibheka kakhulu ukuncishiswa kwenani yizinkambiso. Uma inani elibikiwe liphansi kakhulu kunentengo ejwayelekile yezinto ezifanayo, ikakhulukazi izinto zikagesi, izingubo zomkhiqizo, noma ubucwebe, izinkambiso zizosebenzisa izizinda zazo zokubhekisela ukuze zibuze inani elimenyezelwe. Indlela yenani lokuthengiselana, esekelwe enanini langempela elikhokhelwe imikhiqizo futhi elisekelwa amarekhodi asebhange nama-invoyisi, iyindlela evame kakhulu izinkambiso ze-EU ezilinganisa ngayo izinto.
Abathengisi abaqamba amanga ngenani lezimpahla zabo ukuze abathengi bagweme ukukhokha intela abagcini nje ngokubeka umthwalo engozini, kodwa futhi babeka bona kanye nabathengi babo engozini yokuthathelwa izinyathelo zomthetho. EGrisi, izimpahla eziphikisanayo ngenani lazo zingagcinwa isikhathi esingenamkhawulo kuze kube yilapho udaba seluxazululiwe. Izindleko zokugcina ePiraeus zingakhuphuka ngokushesha.
Izinto ezingavinjelwe futhi ezivinjiwe
IGrisi ilandela uhlu lwe-EU lokungeniswa okuvinjelwe nokulinganiselwe, futhi noma yikuphi ukuthunyelwa okuqukethe lezi zinto kuzonqatshwa. Izikhulu zamasiko zaseGrisi zigxile kakhulu ezimpahleni mbumbulu, okuyizinto ezinophawu oluphula amalungelo empahla yobuhlakani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaphakheji amaningi e-e-commerce avela e-Asia. Isizindalwazi se-TARIC, okuyisheduli yentela ehlanganisiwe ye-EU, yindawo engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukuthi umkhiqizo ungaphansi kwamakhodi okukhawulelwa kokungeniswa njenge-CITES (izinhlobo ezisengozini) noma i-RSTR (ukukhawulelwa kokungeniswa).
Ngaphezu kwezimpahla ezivinjelwe ngokuphelele, ezinye izinhlobo zezimpahla zidinga amalayisense akhethekile noma izimvume okumele zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba izimpahla zithunyelwe. Ukudla okungenisiwe kumele kube namalebula afundekayo ngesiNgisi noma ngesiGreki asho ukuthi kuvelaphi, ukuthi ubani owakwenza, ukuthi kuyini, nokuthi kunesisindo esingakanani. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezintweni zezolimo. ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo kuvame ukujikiswa ngoba amalebula emikhiqizweni awekho noma angalungile.
Ukungalandeli imithetho ye-VAT kanye ne-IOSS
Uhlelo lwe-EU lwe-Import One-Stop Shop (IOSS) lwasungulwa ukuze kube lula ukuqoqa i-VAT kumaphakheji e-e-commerce abiza u-€150 noma ngaphansi. Nge-IOSS, umthengisi uqoqa i-VAT ngesikhathi sokuthengisa futhi ayithumele ngqo kwabasemagunyeni bentela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iphakheji ifika ngaphandle kwe-VAT. Uma umthengisi esebenzisa inombolo ye-IOSS engavumelekile, ephelelwe yisikhathi, noma ecashunwe ngendlela engafanele esimemezelweni sentela, amasiko aseGrisi azokhokhisa umthengi i-VAT lapho iphakheji ifika. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekutheni umthengi enqabe iphakheji futhi aqale inqubo yokubuyisa.
Umthumeli (noma inkampani yakhe) kumele akhokhe i-VAT kumaphakheji abiza ngaphezu kwe-€150 angasebenzisi i-IOSS ngaphambi kokuba izinto zikhishwe. Ukuthunyelwa kuzohlala kumisiwe kuze kube yilapho kutholakala inkokhelo. Umthetho waseGrisi uthi imikhiqizo engafunwanga izogcina inikezwe umbuso, futhi umthumeli ngeke abuyiselwe imali yakhe.
Ukuhambisana Nomkhiqizo Nokwehluleka Kokulebula
Njengengxenye yemakethe eyodwa ye-EU, iGrisi idinga ukuthi kubekwe uphawu lwe-CE ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezahlukene zemikhiqizo, okuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi, amathoyizi, imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu, amadivayisi ezokwelapha, nokuningi. Ukuze kuboniswe ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokuphepha ze-EU, kumele ube nophawu lwe-CE kuwo uma uthengiswa kumthengi waseGrisi. Ukuthunyelwa kwezinto zikagesi noma amathoyizi angenawo amaphepha e-CE afanele kuvame ukujikwa.
Ukuthobela imithetho ye-REACH (imithetho ye-EU yamakhemikhali) kusebenza nakunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo onamakhemikhali kuwo ngaphezu kwemingcele ethile. Izimonyo, izinto zokuhlanza, izindwangu eziqediwe ngamakhemikhali, nezinto ezifanayo kumele zilandele i-REACH. Uma kuceliwe, abangenisi kumele bakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi balandela imithetho ngamaphepha.
Imibhalo Okufanele Uyilungise
Indlela elula yokugwema ukwenqatshwa kwesicelo sakho sentela eGrisi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amaphepha akho aphelele, anembile, futhi ayahambisana. Wonke amaphepha asemthwalweni wakho kumele alandise indaba efanayo, enamanani afanayo, amanani, izincazelo, kanye namaqembu. Noma yikuphi ukungalungi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubonakala kuncane kangakanani, kungaholela ekuhlolweni.
Imibhalo Ebalulekile Yokuthunyelwa EGrisi
| Idokhumenti | Izidingo ezibalulekile |
| I-invoyisi yezentengiso | Imininingwane yokuthumela/yomthumeli, inani elinembile, ikhodi ye-HS ngento ngayinye yomugqa, ama-Incoterms, uhlobo lwemali |
| Uhlu lokupakisha | Isisindo esiphelele/esiphelele, ubukhulu, inani lezinto ngebhokisi ngalinye, kumele lihambisane ne-invoyisi |
| I-Bill of Lading / Air Waybill | Ulwazi olukhishwe yinkampani yenethiwekhi, oluthunyelwe kumele luhambisane kahle nesimemezelo sentela |
| Isitifiketi Somsuka | Kudingeka emananini entela akhethekile; kumele akhishwe yinhlangano egunyaziwe ezweni elithumela impahla kwamanye amazwe |
| Inombolo ye-EORI | Kuphoqelekile kubo bonke abangenisi bezentengiselwano e-EU; bhalisa ngegunya lentela laseGrisi (AADE) |
| Inombolo ye-VAT ye-IOSS (uma ikhona) | Kuyadingeka kubathengisi be-e-commerce abaqoqa i-VAT lapho bekhokha amaphasela ≤ €150 |
Isidingo senombolo ye-EORI yinto eyodwa ekhuba abantu abaningi abathumela eGrisi okokuqala. Uma ibhizinisi lifuna ukuletha izinto zezentengiselwano ezweni le-EU, lidinga inombolo ye-EORI (Economic Operators Registration and Identification). Uma umuntu othola ukuthunyelwa eGrisi engenayo inombolo ye-EORI esebenzayo efayeleni, ukuthunyelwa akukwazi ukusula amasiko. Iziphathimandla zentela zaseGrisi (AADE) azikhokhisi lutho ukuze zibhaliswe, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi ukucutshungulwa, ngakho-ke kufanele ukwenze kahle ngaphambi kokuba kufike umthwalo wokuqala.
Izigaba Zemikhiqizo Eyingozi Kakhulu Yezinkambiso ZaseGrisi
Amasiko aseGrisi angamaka noma yimuphi umthwalo, noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo zihlala zithola ukunakwa okwengeziwe. I-elekthronikhi, ikakhulukazi leyo enamabhethri e-lithium, iphezulu ohlwini ngenxa yokubuyekezwa kuka-2025 kwe-EU Combined Nomenclature kanye nemithetho yokuthi ungawahambisa kanjani amabhethri ngokuphephile. Amaseli e-lithium emaphaketheni kumele abhalwe kahle nge-UN3480 (amabhethri e-lithium ion) noma i-UN3481 (amabhethri e-lithium ion asemishinini). Amabhethri anama-100Wh angaphezu kwe-100 adinga imibhalo ekhethekile yokuphatha.
Izindwangu nezingubo ezingenisiwe kungenye indlela ethola ukunakwa okukhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhathazeka ngezimpahla mbumbulu kanye nemithetho eqinile yokulebula ethi okuqukethwe yifayibha, imiyalelo yokunakekelwa, kanye nezwe okuvela kulo kumele kube ngesiGreki noma ngesiNgisi. Ukudla nezimpahla zasepulazini kumele kuhlolwe nge-phytosanitary, futhi akukho ndawo yokwenza iphutha. Futhi-ke, izimonyo kumele zilandele i-EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC) No. 1223/2009, ehlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kanye nokubika ku-Cosmetic Products Notification Portal (CPNP).
Amabhizinisi athumela noma yiluphi uhlobo lwalolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo kumakhasimende aseGrisi kufanele enze ukuhlolwa kokuthobela imithetho kube yingxenye yenqubo yokuthenga umkhiqizo esikhundleni sokulinda kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina ukuze akwenze. Sekwephuze kakhulu ukufaka uphawu lwe-CE noma ukubhalisela i-IOSS uma ukuthunyelwa sekusemkhunjini oya ePiraeus.
Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kwe-Topway Okukusiza Ngayo Ukuhlala Uthobela
Izinkampani eziningi ze-e-commerce kanye nabangenisi bezimpahla abakwazi ukusingatha imininingwane yokulandela imithetho yamasiko aseGrisi ngokwabo, ikakhulukazi uma bephethe nokuthola impahla, ukuqoqwa kwempahla, kanye nokusekelwa kwamakhasimende. Ukusebenza nomlingani wezokuthutha owaziyo ukuthi benzani kwenza umthelela omkhulu lapha.
Kusukela ngo-2010, i-Topway Shipping, eseShenzhen, eShayina, ibilokhu inikeza izinsizakalo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthutha nge-e-commerce. I-Topway inethimba labasunguli elinolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-15 kwezokuthutha kwamanye amazwe kanye nokususwa kwezimpahla zangaphandle. Sebengochwepheshe ekuphatheni amaphepha, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nezinqubo ezidingekayo ukuze kuthunyelwe izimpahla zisuka eShayina ziye kwamanye amazwe, okuhlanganisa iGrisi kanye nemakethe ye-EU.
I-Topway iphatha zonke izingxenye zochungechunge lwezokuthutha, kusukela ekuthuthweni kwezimpahla ezivela kubakhiqizi baseShayina noma ezindaweni zokugcina impahla kuya ezindaweni zokugcina impahla zakwamanye amazwe, isiza ngokususwa kwezimpahla, kanye nokulethwa kwezimpahla kumthengi. Kumabhizinisi athumela izimpahla eziningi, i-Topway inikeza izinsizakalo zokuthutha olwandle eziguquguqukayo ezinesitsha esigcwele (i-FCL) kanye nesisindo esingaphansi kwesitsha (i-LCL) ezivela eShayina kuya emachwebeni abalulekile emhlabeni jikelele, kufaka phakathi i-Piraeus. Lokhu kuguquguquka kusho ukuthi amabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi, kusukela kumikhiqizo emincane ye-e-commerce kuya kubangenisi abakhulu, angakhetha inketho yokuthumela efanela izidingo zabo kanye nesabelomali sabo.
Uma kukhulunywa ngamasiko aseGrisi, iTopway iwusizo kakhulu ekuhlolweni kokuhambisana nokuthunyelwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Ithimba lokuhlanza amasiko enkampanini yabo lingabona izinkinga ngamaphepha, ukungahlukaniswa kahle kwekhodi ye-HS, noma ukungabikho kwezitifiketi zomkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuba impahla isuke eShayina. Lokhu kushibhile kakhulu kunokwenqatshwa kokuthunyelwa ePiraeus. Lolu hlobo lolwazi olusezingeni eliphezulu luwusizo kakhulu kubathengisi abasha emakethe yaseGrisi noma abake baba nezinkinga zokuthola izimpahla zabo ngamasiko ngaphambili.
Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokugwema Ukwenqatshwa Kwemikhuba YamaGreki
Into engcono kakhulu umthumeli angayenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthobela imithetho yentela kuyingxenye yenqubo yokuthunyelwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, hhayi into ayicabangayo kamuva. Ngaphambi kokuba noma yiziphi izimpahla ziphume endaweni yokugcina impahla lapho zenziwe khona, okulandelayo kufanele kuhlolwe: wonke ama-invoyisi ezentengiselwano ahambisana nohlu lokupakisha kanye ne-bill of lading ncamashi; yonke into yomugqa inekhodi ye-CN enezinombolo eziyi-10 efanele enikezwe ngaphansi kwe-EU's 2025 Combined Nomenclature; amanani amenyezelwe ahambisana namanani okuthengiselana kwangempela asekelwa amarekhodi asebhange; futhi zonke izitifiketi zomkhiqizo ezidingekayo (uphawu lwe-CE, ukuthobela i-REACH, njll.) ziyasebenza.
Uma uthengisa izimpahla ezibiza u-€150 noma ngaphansi kubathengi be-EU futhi ufuna ukufinyelela kubathengi baseGrisi nge-e-commerce, kufanele nakanjani ubhalisele i-IOSS. Ukusebenzisa i-IOSS kukuvumela ukuthi uqoqe i-VAT lapho ukhokha bese uyithumela ngqo, okususa izinkinga ze-VAT emngceleni ezivame ukubangela ukwenqatshwa kwamaphasela. Ngemuva kwalokho, noma yisiphi isimemezelo sentela esisebenzayo kumele sifake inombolo ye-IOSS ngendlela efanele.
Uma usebenza nomthengisi wezimpahla zaseGrisi ofanelekayo noma inkampani yezokuthutha efana neTopway Shipping efaka ukususwa kwezimpahla zaseGrisi ezinkonzweni zayo, amathuba okwenza amaphutha ngamaphepha akho ehla kakhulu. Abathengisi asebekhona isikhathi eside bayazi ukuthi ama-ejenti ezimpahla zaseGrisi acabangani, yini ebenza bafune ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, nokuthi bangawanikeza kanjani amaphepha ukuze kungathathi isikhathi eside. Awukwazi ukuthola lolo lwazi ngokushesha ngokusebenzisa uhlu lokuhlola.
Okokugcina, qhubeka nokuthuthukiswa komthetho. Isimo samasiko e-EU sihlala sishintsha. Ngo-2025, amakhodi e-HS ashintshwa, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kunezinguquko eziningi ezinqubweni zamasiko edijithali njengoba i-AADE isebenza ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zayo. Abathumeli abahambisana nalezi ntuthuko, noma abasebenza nezinkampani zezokuthutha ezibenzela zona, bahlala besesimweni esingcono kunalabo abasebenzisa izindlela eziphelelwe yisikhathi.
Isiphetho
Amasiko aseGrisi akunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu; alandela imithetho ye-EU ehloselwe ukuvikela abathengi, ukusekela amalungelo empahla yobuhlakani, ukuqoqa intela efanele, nokugcina amazinga okuphepha komkhiqizo ephezulu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izehlakalo eziningi zokwenqatshwa zingagwenywa ngokuphelele. Zingalungiswa ngaphambi kokuba impahla ishiye izwe elivela kulo uma kunezinkinga ngamaphepha, amakhodi e-HS angalungile, ukungavumelani kokulinganisa, izitifiketi ezingekho, noma ukungalandeli i-VAT.
Amabhizinisi afuna ukuthuthukisa uchungechunge lokunikezela oluqinile emakethe yaseGrisi kufanele atshale imali ezinqubweni ezifanele zokuthobela imithetho kanye nabalingani bezokuthutha abanekhono. Lokhu kuzowasindisa isikhathi esiningi, imali, nezinto ebezizolahleka. Ukulungisa amaphepha akho kanye nokusebenzisana nabalingani abaziyo ukuthi amasiko aseGrisi asebenza kanjani kuyisihluthulelo sebhizinisi elingenaphutha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uletha amaphakheji ambalwa ngesonto noma isitsha sonke esigcwele wona ngenyanga.
I-Topway Shipping ikulungele ukusiza amabhizinisi kuzo zonke izinyathelo zenqubo, kusukela ekuthumeleni imithwalo evela eShayina kuya ekuyiletheni eGrisi. Banolwazi nezinsiza zokugcina imithwalo ihamba kahle kwelinye lamachweba abaluleke kakhulu eYurophu.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
U: Uyini umkhawulo wokuthumela impahla eGrisi ngaphandle kwentela?
A: Ukuthunyelwa kwezentengiselwano okubiza u-€150 noma ngaphansi akudingeki kukhokhe izindleko zentela, kodwa kusadingeka bakhokhe i-VAT ku-24%. Uma inani lezimpahla lingaphezu kuka-€150, kuzodingeka bakhokhe zombili izindleko zentela (ngokusekelwe kukhodi ye-HS kanye nenani le-CIF) kanye ne-VAT. Izipho phakathi kwabantu ezibiza ngaphansi kuka-€45 azikho ngaphansi kwanoma yikuphi.
U: Ingabe ngidinga inombolo ye-EORI ukuze ngingenise izimpahla eGrisi?
A: Yebo. Uma ibhizinisi lifuna ukuletha izinto eGrisi noma kunoma yiliphi elinye izwe le-EU ukuze lihwebe, lidinga inombolo ye-EORI evumelekile. Ukuvunyelwa kwempahla akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwayo. Ihhovisi lentela laseGrisi (i-AADE) lizokuvumela ukuthi ubhalise mahhala, kodwa kudingeka wenze kanjalo ngaphambi kokuba kufike umthwalo wakho wokuqala.
Q: Kwenzekani uma amasiko aseGrisi enqaba ukuthunyelwa kwami?
A: Impahla ethengiswayo ingagcina ukuthunyelwa kuze kube yilapho sekutholwe amaphepha engeziwe, iwathumele kumthumeli, noma, ezimweni ezihilela izimpahla ezingekho emthethweni, iwathathe ngokuphelele. IPiraeus ikhokhisa izindleko zokugcina ngokushesha, futhi uma izimpahla zingathathwa, zingase zithathwe uhulumeni waseGrisi.
U: Ingabe ukubhaliswa kwe-IOSS kuyimpoqo ekuthengiseleni amakhasimende aseGrisi?
A: Akudingeki ngokomthetho, nokho kuyalulekwa kakhulu kubathengisi be-e-commerce abathengisa izinto ngama-€150 noma ngaphansi. Ngaphandle kwe-IOSS, i-VAT iqoqwa emngceleni, okwenza amakhasimende avame ukwenqaba ukulethwa. I-IOSS ikuvumela ukuthi ukhokhe i-VAT lapho ukhokha, okwenza inqubo yokuthumela ibe lula.
Q: I-Topway Shipping ingasiza kanjani ekukhishweni kwezimpahla zamasiko zaseGrisi?
A: I-Topway Shipping isiza ngazo zonke izici zokuthutha, kusukela ekuhloleni ukuthobela imithetho ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kuya ekulungiseleleni amadokhumenti amasiko kanye nokuhlanza amasiko endaweni oya kuyo. I-Topway ibilokhu isebhizinisini lokuthutha lamazwe ngamazwe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 futhi igxile ekuthumeleni izimpahla ezivela eShayina kwamanye amazwe. Bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kufika eGrisi ngaphandle kokubambezeleka okubizayo noma ukwenqatshwa.
