Indlela uTemu noShein Abashintsha Ngayo Ukuhamba Kwezimpahla Phakathi KweShayina NeFrance
Isingeniso
Izingosi ezimbili ze-e-commerce zaseShayina zishintshe imizila yokuthumela phakathi kweShayina neYurophu ngendlela izingxoxo zokuhweba ezingamashumi eminyaka ezingazange zikwazi ngayo. I-Temu ne-Shein ziyizindawo ezimbili zokuthenga ezibiza kakhulu, eziqhutshwa yi-algorithm emlandweni. Zithumele izinto eziningi eFrance kangangokuthi amasiko awakwazi ukuqhubeka nazo, umthwalo wezindiza inamandla amakhulu, futhi abalawuli baseYurophu kudingeke bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.
IFrance okwamanje iyisikhungo salolu daba. Inani lezinto ezincane ezithunyelwa eFrance zivela kumapulatifomu edijithali liphindwe kane minyaka yonke, lafinyelela ezigidini ezingu-800 ngo-2024. Cishe u-90% walezi ziphakheji zivela eShayina. Lokho akuyona nje intuthuko encane; kuyinguquko enkulu endleleni izimpahla ezifika ngayo zivela ezimbonini zaseShayina ziya emakhaya aseFrance. Futhi manje njengoba intela yaseMelika ithumela izimpahla eziningi zaseShayina eYurophu esikhundleni se-US, iFrance ingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu nakakhulu.
Lesi sihloko sibheka indlela uTemu noShein abakha ngayo amamodeli abo okuthutha impahla, ukuthi kusho ukuthini ngempahla yomoya nolwandle phakathi kweShayina neFrance, ukuthi abenzi bomthetho basabela kanjani, nokuthi yini abahlinzeki bempahla nabathengisi okudingeka bakwazi ukuze basebenze kahle kule ndawo entsha.
Isikali Sokushintsha: Idatha Yezimpahla Phakathi KweShayina NeFrance
Izibalo ziyamangalisa. Ngo-2024, cishe amaphakheji ayizigidigidi ezingu-4.6 anenani eliphansi afika e-European Union. Lokho kucishe kube yizigidi ezingu-12 nsuku zonke, okuphindwe kabili kunonyaka odlule. I-EU icabanga ukuthi ama-91% alawo avela eShayina. IFrance, enye yezimakethe ezinkulu zabathengi ze-EU kanye nesikhungo esikhulu sempahla yomoya, yathatha okungaphezu kwengxenye yayo efanele yaleli thani.
Lezi zinombolo zifaka kuphela ukuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce okulandelwayo. Izikhulu zentela zaseFrance zivumile ukuthi azikwazi ukuhlola cishe amaphakheji amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngo-2024, i-EU ngokwayo yavuma ukuthi yi-0.0082% kuphela yamaphakheji anenani eliphansi angena eYurophu ahlolwe—cishe izingcezu ezingu-82 ngesigidi ngasinye esakhishwa ekusakazweni. Ngoba ngokwendlela yokwanda kwamaphakheji, akusakwazi ukuqondisa ngokugcwele uhlelo oludala.
Ithebula 1: Ukukhula Kokungeniswa Kwamaphasela Amancane eFrance kusuka Kumapulatifomu Edijithali
| Unyaka | Amaphasela Aphelele aya eFrance | Yabelana kusuka eShayina | Ukukhula kwe-YoY |
| 2022 | ~ 200 million | ~ 60% | - |
| 2023 | ~ 400 million | ~ 80% | + 100% |
| 2024 | 800 abayizigidi ezingu | ~ 90% | + 100% |
| 2025 (iphrojekthi) | 1+ bhiliyoni | ~90%+ | >25% okulinganiselwe. |
Imithombo: I-Fortune Europe (Ephreli 2025), izilinganiso zeKhomishini ye-EU, i-Courthouse News (Disemba 2025), kanye nezibikezelo zemboni.
Isikhumulo Sezindiza saseParis Charles de Gaulle sesibe yisikhungo esiyinhloko sezohwebo lwe-inthanethi lwaseShayina oluya eFrance. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, izikhungo zokuhlunga lapho zazingakwazi ukuphatha inani lamaphasela eziwenzayo manje. Ingqalasizinda eyakhelwe ukuthutha izimpahla njalo icindezelwa yileli gagasi elisha lamaphasela alula, anekheli lomuntu siqu. Izinhlelo zeposi zaseFrance kanye nezentela azakhiwanga ukuze ziphathe inani lempahla eliphula amarekhodi elibonwe yizikhungo zempahla yomoya ze-CDG ezinsukwini zokuthenga ezimatasa, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokuthengisa zaseShayina njengoSuku Lomuntu Oyedwa.
Amamodeli Ebhizinisi Aqhuba Ukwanda Kwezimpahla
Udinga ukwazi ukuthi kungani uShein noTemu bethumela ngendlela abenza ngayo ngaphambi kokuba uqonde ukuthi izinto zokuhamba zishintsha kanjani. Amasu abo okuthutha impahla awagcini nje ngokungahleliwe; ayisibonelo sokusebenza samamodeli amabili ebhizinisi ahlukene kakhulu kodwa aphazamisa ngokulinganayo.
UShein wayeyinkampani yokuqala ukwenza lokho izwe lemfashini namuhla elikubiza ngokuthi “imfashini esheshayo kakhulu.” Amathuluzi kaShein asebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwe-algorithmic kokuziphatha kwezokuxhumana kanye nedatha yemfashini ukuthola izitayela ezintsha zemfashini bese ziphenduka ama-oda okukhiqiza amancane ngezinsuku ezimbalwa nje. Inethiwekhi ehlanganiswe kahle yabahlinzeki esifundazweni saseGuangdong yenza izinto, bese zithuthwa ngqo kubathengi emhlabeni wonke ngempahla yendiza evela ezindaweni zokugcina impahla eziseduze neGuangzhou. Ibhizinisi lisekelwe ekubeni kungabi nengozi enkulu yempahla: ukwenza ama-batches amancane, ukuhlola isidingo, bese u-oda kabusha amahle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalolu hlaka, uShein akakwazi ukugcina imikhiqizo eFrance noma kwenye indawo eYurophu kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inani lenkampani lisekutheni ingasabela ngokushesha kangakanani ezimpawini zemfashini, hhayi ekuthini ingagcina kahle kangakanani impahla.
I-Temu isebenza ngendlela ehlukile. I-Temu iyipulatifomu yemakethe eqhutshwa yi-PDD Holdings. Ixhumanisa abakhiqizi nabathengisi baseShayina ngqo namakhasimende emhlabeni jikelele ngezindleko ezimangaze izitolo zaseNtshonalanga. Ekuqaleni, i-Temu, njengoShein, yayithembele kakhulu ezintweni ezithunyelwa ngendiza ezivela eShayina. Kodwa kusukela ngo-2024, i-Temu ibilokhu ishintsha kakhulu isu layo lokuthutha. Ibilokhu yandisa uhlelo lwayo lwabathengisi bendawo, oluzotholakala eFrance nase-Italy maphakathi no-2025, futhi yakha ingqalasizinda yayo yokugcina impahla yaseYurophu ukuze inciphise isidingo sokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ngakunye okuwela imingcele.
Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele izimakethe zezimpahla ziyazi: zombili izinkundla zeqa ngokuphelele indlela evamile yokungenisa impahla ngokuthengisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uTemu noShein basebenzisa izinhlelo zeposi nezeposi emazweni lapho izimpahla zabo zazizolethwa khona ukuze ziphathe inethiwekhi yabo yokusatshalaliswa. Lokhu kwandisa inani lezindawo zokuthintana ngentela ngama-oda amakhulu futhi kwadala isigaba esisha ngokuphelele sokufunwa kwempahla.
Ithebula 2: Ukuqhathaniswa kwemodeli ye-Shein vs. Temu — Logistics
| Isici | Shein | Esedlule |
| I-Business Model | Imfashini esheshayo yeqembu elincane; uchungechunge lokuphakelwa oluhlelekile | Imakethe evulekile exhumanisa abathengisi baseShayina nabathengi |
| Imodi Yokuthumela Eyinhloko | Ukuthunyelwa ngendiza (kusuka eShayina kuya kumthengi ngqo) | Ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ngendiza + izindawo zokugcina impahla zasendaweni ze-EU ezikhulayo |
| EU kubekwa khona | Kunqunyelwe; imodeli imelana nokufakwa kwempahla kusengaphambili | Uhlelo Lwendawo Oluya Endaweni Lusebenza eFrance nase-Italy (2025) |
| Imali engenayo (2024) | ~$38 trillion | ~ $50 billion (isilinganiso) |
| Impendulo Yokushintsha Kwezimali ze-EU | Yamukela izindleko; kulindeleke ukwenyuka kwentengo yabathengi | I-pivot yemodeli esheshayo; ukwandiswa kwempahla yendawo |
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Setlog Supply Chain (Ephreli 2025), i-Wikipedia, i-Marketplace Universe (Novemba 2025), kanye ne-WWD (Novemba 2025) ngezinye zemithombo.
Amandla Okuthutha Ngendiza: Imakethe Eyakhiwe Kabusha
Imakethe yezimpahla zomoya iye yathinteka kakhulu ukukhula kukaTemu noShein ekugelezeni kwezimpahla phakathi kweChina neFrance ngokushesha. UYngve Ruud, iPhini likaMongameli we-Air Freight Operations enkampanini enkulu yezimpahla iDexion, uthe uTemu noShein babengabadlali ababalulekile ebhizinisini lezimpahla zomoya ngo-2022. Kodwa-ke, ekupheleni kuka-2023, bobabili base bengababili babathumeli bezimpahla zomoya abakhulu emhlabeni. Lolu shintsho lwathatha isikhathi esingaphansi kweminyaka emibili.
UTim Scharwath, i-CEO ye-DHL Global Forwarding, uthe esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka emibili, izingosi ze-e-commerce zaseShayina zithathe indawo engaphezu kuka-30% yesikhala sempahla ezindizeni ezisuka e-Asia. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lezi zinkundla ezimbili zodwa zithutha inani elifanayo lempahla nsuku zonke njengezindiza ezingu-88 ze-Boeing 777. UBasile Ricard, ophethe imisebenzi yokuthutha impahla emoyeni yeBolloré Logistics Greater China, uthe ukukhula kweShein neTemu kuyinto enkulu kakhulu eshintsha impahla emoyeni njengamanje, hhayi isimo soLwandle Olubomvu noma ukuphazamiseka kobhubhane.
Ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla phakathi kweShayina neFrance kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kwamanye amabhizinisi. Inani lesikhala sempahla yezindiza esasitholakala lancipha kakhulu ngo-2023 nango-2024. Uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019, amazinga okuthutha impahla emoyeni aphindwe kabili. Njengoba besayine izinkontileka zesikhathi eside zenkampani yokuthutha impahla, uShein noTemu bakwazile ukuthola umthamo ngezindleko ezingcono. Lokhu kwashiya abathumeli nabangenisi abancane belwela indawo esele ngamanani aphezulu. Imizila yaseParis-Shanghai kanye neParis-Guangzhou yaba phakathi kwemizila yempahla yezindiza ematasa kakhulu emhlabeni ngezikhathi ezimatasa kakhulu zonyaka zokuthenga online.
Izindiza zamazwe ngamazwe zaqala ukwengeza umthamo wokuthutha izimpahla emoyeni ozinikele phakathi kweShayina neYurophu ngenxa yokuntuleka kwendawo. Kwanezelwa imizila emisha yokuthutha izimpahla eqashiwe, futhi izindawo zokubhukha izimpahla zabona ukwanda okukhulu kwesidingo sesikhala esivunyelwe kusengaphambili emizileni esuka eShayina iya eFrance. Ezinkampanini ezazithembele emakethe yezimpahla zokuthutha izimpahla emoyeni ngaphambilini, lo mcimbi waba yisixwayiso esiqinile mayelana nokuthembela ngokweqile kumthamo ongavunyelwe emakethe manje ephethwe yinani labathumeli abathwala izimpahla eziningi kakhulu.
I-US yayeka ukunikeza ukukhululwa kwe-de minimis maphakathi no-2025, okwaqala ukuhambisa ezinye izimoto kude nemizila yezindiza e-US. Ochwepheshe bezokuthutha baseYurophu bathi lokhu kube nemiphumela emibili: kwakhulula isikhala emizileni ye-trans-Pacific, kodwa futhi kwaphakamisa ukwesaba eFrance ukuthi ukuhamba kwezohwebo okuqondiswa kabusha kusuka eMelika kuzokwengeza enkingeni yezimpahla eziningi kakhulu emigwaqweni esuka eShayina iya eFrance.
Impendulo Yenqubomgomo YaseFrance: Kusukela ku-De Minimis Kuya Kumali Eqondile
Iminyaka eminingi, uShein noTemu basebenzisa ingxenye yomthethonqubo wentela ye-EU eyayivumela amaphakheji angaphansi kwama-€150 ukuba angene ngaphandle kokukhokha imali yokungenisa. Lokhu kungafani kwe-de minimis kwaqale kwenzelwa abahambi abaletha izinto ezincane zomuntu siqu, hhayi amapulatifomu ezigidigidi zamaRandi athumela amakhulu ezigidi zamaphakheji minyaka yonke. Le nkinga yanikeza abathengisi baseYurophu ithuba elingafanele: kwakudingeka bakhokhe amasiko angu-15% kuya ku-32% wenani lezinto abazingenisile eShayina, kodwa ukuthunyelwa kukaShein noTemu ngqo kwakungenantela.
IFrance yaba ngumsekeli oshisekayo kakhulu wokunciphisa leli gebe. Ngo-Ephreli 2025, uNgqongqoshe Wesabelomali saseFrance u-Amélie de Montchalin waya esikhungweni sokuhlunga amaphasela eduze nesikhumulo sezindiza saseParis Charles de Gaulle ukuyomemezela izinhlelo zokukhokhisa imali yokuphatha ngokushesha amaphasela amancane. Uthe uhlelo lwamanje luvumela amapulatifomu ukuthi agweme ukuhlolwa kokuphepha nokuphepha komkhiqizo okudingwa ngumthetho waseFrance nowaseYurophu. U-Éric Lombard, uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali waseFrance, ukhulume ngokukhathazeka ngokuncintisana okungafanele namabhizinisi aseFrance kanye nabantu abaningi abangalandeli imithetho yokuphepha ye-EU.
Impendulo yomthetho yashesha ngokushesha kwaze kwaba ngu-2025, kwathi ngoNovemba, ongqongqoshe bezezimali be-EU bavuma ukususa ngokuphelele ukukhululwa kwe-€150, eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi komnqamulajuqu wokuqala ka-2028. Baphinde bavuma ngokusemthethweni inkokhelo yamasiko e-€3 engaguquki kuwo wonke amaphakheji anenani eliphansi kusukela ngoDisemba 2025. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu kule nqubo:
Ithebula 3: Isikhathi Sokulawula SaseFrance kanye ne-EU — Imithetho Yokungenisa Amaphasela Amancane
| Usuku / Isikhathi | Ukuthuthukiswa Kokulawula Okubalulekile |
| Nov 2024 | UTemu ukhipha umbiko wokuqala we-EU obonisa ukungafihli lutho ngemuva kokuqokwa kwe-Very Large Online Platform |
| April 2025 | IFrance iphakamisa izimali zokuphatha ezihleliwe kumaphasela amancane, ifuna kuthathwe isinyathelo ngaphambi kokuguqulwa kwe-EU yonke |
| Jula 2025 | I-United States iqeda ukukhululwa kwe-de minimis kokuthunyelwa okungaphansi kwama-$800 okuvela eShayina |
| -Nov 6, 2025 | IFrance ithatha isinyathelo sokumisa imakethe yeShein ngenxa yemikhiqizo engavunyelwe neyingozi |
| -Nov 13, 2025 | ONgqongqoshe Bezezimali be-EU bavumelana ngokuqeda ukukhululwa kwentela yentela ka-€150, eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibekiwe |
| Dec 12, 2025 | I-EU ivumile ngokusemthethweni imali yentela eqondile engu-€3 kuwo wonke amaphasela angaphansi kuka-€150 avela emazweni angewona awe-EU |
| Jul 1, 2026 | Inkokhelo yamasiko yesilinganiso esingaguquki esingu-€3 iqala ukusebenza kuzo zonke iziphasela zenani eliphansi ezingena e-EU |
| Ekupheleni kuka-2026 | Imali yokuphatha iphakheji kulo lonke i-EU imiselwe ukulandela (iFrance i-lobbies ngo-~€5 ngephasela ngalinye) |
Imithombo: I-PPC Land (Novemba 2025), i-SupplyChainBrain (Disemba 2025), i-WWD (Novemba 2025), kanye ne-Ecotextile News (Disemba 2025) konke kuyimithombo.
Kunokusekelwa okukhulu kwezepolitiki kwalezi zinyathelo, okubonisa ukuthi abathengisi baseYurophu kanye nabenzi bomthetho bakhungathekile ngempela. Kwatholakala ukuthi cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zamaphakheji anenani eliphansi angena e-EU ancishisiwe ngezizathu zentela. Lo mkhuba ubiza ohulumeni imali futhi wenza kube nzima ukuhlola ngokunembile ingozi. Uhulumeni waseFrance uthe ngisho nentela encane kazwelonke engu-€2 kumaphakheji amancane ingase ingenise u-€500 million ngonyaka, okubonisa ukuthi inani likhulu kangakanani.
IFrance nayo imjezisile ngqo uShein ngokwephula umthetho. NgoNovemba 2025, uhulumeni waseFrance wazama ukuvala imakethe kaShein ngoba wayethengisa izinto ezazingaphandle komthetho. Lapho uShein esungula isitolo sakhe sokuqala sangempela eParis ngasekupheleni kuka-2025, ngaphakathi kwesitolo esikhulu esidumile se-BHV, kwaba nemibhikisho kanye nokungavunyelwa kwezepolitiki, okwenza ingcindezi kubameli bomthetho yaqina nakakhulu. Impendulo yaseFrance isebenze ngempumelelo njengesibonelo sesenzo kulo lonke i-EU, lapho iFrance iphumelela ekuphoqeleleni ukuthi uhlelo lokuguqulwa kwamasiko lonke lwe-bloc lusheshiswe.
Ubukhulu Bempahla Yasolwandle: Ushintsho Oluvelayo
UTemu noShein basebenzise kakhulu imithwalo yendiza ekuthunyelweni kwabo ngqo kuya kubathengi, kodwa imithetho nezindleko seziqala ukusunduza zombili izinkundla, kanye nayo yonke imboni yezohwebo lwe-inthanethi ewela imingcele, ziye endleleni eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, esebenzisa izindlela eziningi ehlanganisa imithwalo yemikhumbi kanye nezindawo zokugcina impahla zaseYurophu.
Umnotho wokuhambisa i-oda ngalinye lisuka eShenzhen liye eParis uqala ukuwohloka njengoba ukukhululwa kwe-de minimis kuhamba futhi izindleko ngephasela ngalinye zikhuphuka. Zombili lezi zingxenyekazi zibeka imali ekulungiseleleni isitokwe ezindaweni zokugcwalisa zaseYurophu ukuze ukulethwa kwempahla okufika ekugcineni kwenzeke ngaphakathi kwe-EU esikhundleni sokuvela eShayina. Lolu shintsho lunemiphumela emikhulu emizileni yempahla yasolwandle esuka eShayina iye eFrance. Esikhundleni sokuthumela izinkulungwane zezimpahla zomoya ngazinye, izinto zingase zithuthelwe kakhulu ngamabhodlela olwandle amaningi ziye ezindaweni zokusabalalisa zaseYurophu bese zithunyelwa ngaphakathi kwezwe. Lona umqondo ofanayo i-Amazon nezinye izitolo ezinkulu ebezilokhu ziwusebenzisa isikhathi eside.
Abantu embonini bebelokhu bekhuluma ngokuthi iTemu ingayishintsha kanjani kahle indlela esebenza ngayo. Lapho i-US inyusa amanani entela, iTemu yashintsha ngokushesha uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza lwase-US ukuze ibonise kakhulu izimpahla ezigcinwe ezindaweni zaseMelika futhi yenza izinguquko ezinkulu ochungechungeni lwayo lokunikezela lwaseMelika. Abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi iYurophu izosabela ngendlela efanayo lapho intela yephasela ngalinye i-€3 iqala ukusebenza ngoJulayi 2026. ITemu izosebenzisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kokusebenza ukugcina izindleko ziphansi kanye namanani aphansi kubathengi.
IShein inezinketho ezimbalwa. Imodeli yayo yokukhiqiza—ukukhiqiza okuncane okusekelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela—ayisebenzi ekugcinweni kwezimpahla eziningi ngoba yenza kuphela lokho okuthengiswayo kakade. Ukuze ugcine isitokwe ezindaweni zokugcina impahla zaseFrance, kufanele uqagele ukuthi kuzoba nesidingo esingakanani kusenesikhathi, okuphikisana nomqondo oyinhloko ngemuva kwendlela kaShein. Le nkampani kulindeleke ukuthi ithathe ingxenye yezindleko ngephasela ngalinye futhi idlulisele okunye ukunyuka kwamanani kumakhasimende, yamukele izinzuzo eziphansi esikhundleni sokushintsha indlela eqhuba ngayo ibhizinisi.
Isithombe esikhulu somzila wezimpahla phakathi kweChina neFrance ushintsho oluhamba kancane kodwa olubalulekile ekuxubeni kwezindlela. Ukuthutha ngendiza kusazoba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ezigabeni ezithinta isikhathi kakhulu neziqhutshwa yimfashini. Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso sokuhweba kwezimpahla zasolwandle phakathi kweChina neFrance kulindeleke ukuthi sande njengoba izinkampani ze-e-commerce kanye nabaphakeli bazo bejwayela umnotho omusha wokufinyelela emakethe yaseYurophu.
Umongo Obanzi: Ukuthunyelwa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe KwaseShayina Kuyanda EYurophu
Asikwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele ithonya likaTemu noShein ekuthuthweni kwempahla phakathi kweShayina neFrance ngaphandle kokubheka ezinye izici. Kuyingxenye yokwenyuka okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwempahla eShayina eYurophu, okuqhutshwa yizici eziningana ezisebenzisanayo. Ngo-2025, ukuntuleka kokuhwebelana kwe-EU neShayina kwakhula kwaya ku-€359.3 billion, okwenyuka ngo-20% kusuka ku-€304.5 billion ngo-2024. Ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zika-2025, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eShayina e-EU kwanda cishe ngo-28%.
Esinye isizathu esikhulu salokhu kusheshisa ukuthi izimpahla zaseShayina azisayi emakethe yase-US, lapho intela ephezulu yenze kwaba kubi kakhulu ukuthumela izinhlobo eziningi zezinto kwamanye amazwe. Ukungeniswa okuvela eShayina kwehle ngo-11% e-United States, okuyizwe elilodwa elikhulu elenza kanjalo. Izimakethe zaseYurophu zithathe izimpahla ezengeziwe. IFrance isendleleni yokushintshashintsha ukuhweba njengoba iyisikhungo esibalulekile sezokuthutha lapho iCharles de Gaulle iyisikhungo esikhulu sempahla yomoya kanye neLe Havre neMarseille ziyizindawo ezibalulekile zokuthutha impahla yolwandle.
Amanethiwekhi ezindawo zokugcina impahla ezingakahleleki avele kanye nemisebenzi esemthethweni yokuthutha impahla kaTemu noShein, okwengeza olunye ungqimba kulesi simo. Njengoba isidingo se-e-commerce yaseShayina eYurophu sikhula kakhulu endaweni yokugcina impahla esemthethweni etholakalayo, amalungu aseShayina ahlala eFrance nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu aqala ukuguqula amakhaya awo nezakhiwo zawo zibe izikhungo zokugcwalisa impahla ezingakahleleki. NgoJuni 2025, imibiko yathi ngosuku olulodwa kuphela, okuthunyelwe okungaphezu kuka-300 okufunwa abasebenzi bezindawo zokugcina impahla zomndeni kwavela kusayithi lezokuxhumana laseShayina iXiaohongshu. Izisebenzi zingenza imali efinyelela ku-€4,500 ngenyanga zihlela, zilebula, futhi ziletha amaphakheji cishe ngo-€1.16 lilinye. Lolu ngqimba lwezindawo zokugcina impahla olungakahleleki lubonisa ukuthi isidingo singakanani esidlule ingqalasizinda ekhona.
Ukuzulazula Endaweni Entsha Yokuthutha Izimpahla Nomlingani Ofanele Wezokuthutha
Izinguquko okukhulunywa ngazo kulesi sihloko akuzona nje izimpikiswano zenqubomgomo zemikhiqizo, abakhiqizi, kanye nabathengisi be-e-commerce abasebenza emzileni wezimpahla phakathi kweShayina neFrance. Ziyizinkinga zangempela ezidinga ukuxazululwa ngokushesha. Ukususa izindinganiso ze-EU de minimis, ukushintsha umthamo wezimpahla zomoya, ukukhula kwezindawo zokugcina impahla zasendaweni, kanye nezinqubo ezintsha zokuthobela imithetho yamasiko konke kudinga ulwazi lwezokuthutha oludlula nje ukubhuka ukuthunyelwa.
Yilolu hlobo lwesimo lapho ochwepheshe bezokuthutha abanolwazi bedlula imingcele bebonisa ukuthi babaluleke kangakanani. I-Topway Shipping, eseShenzhen, eShayina, ibilokhu ingumhlinzeki ochwepheshe wezixazululo zezokuthutha ze-e-commerce yemingcele kusukela ngo-2010. Abantu abaqala inkampani baneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 yobuchwepheshe obuqondile kwezokuthutha kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhlanza amasiko. Bazi okuningi ngendlela yokuhambisa izimpahla ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, ukuzigcina kwamanye amazwe, ukudlulisa amasiko, kanye nokuziletha ibanga lokugcina.
Njengoba imithwalo phakathi kweShayina neYurophu ishintsha ngenxa yemithetho emisha, izinguquko kumthamo, kanye nokunyakaza okuhlelekile kwamapulatifomu afana neTemu neShein, iTopway Shipping inikeza izinsizakalo ze-FCL (umthwalo ogcwele wesikhonteyina) kanye ne-LCL (umthwalo ongaphansi kwesitsha) zemithwalo yolwandle ezivela eShayina ziya emachwebeni amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, kufaka phakathi amachweba abalulekile aseFrance. Ukwakheka kwezinsizakalo eziguquguqukayo zeTopway kunikeza amabhizinisi ingqalasizinda kanye nolwazi lokwenza ushintsho kusuka ekuthunyelweni okunzima emoyeni kuya ekuthuthweni kolwandle okungabizi kakhulu noma ekufakweni kwempahla kusengaphambili ezikhungweni zokugcwalisa zaseYurophu ngaphambi kokushintsha kwemali ka-2026.
Izinguquko emithethweni ezizokwenzeka ngo-2026 zizoletha izinkinga kanye namathuba. Njengoba imakethe ikhula, abathengisi abenza izinguquko kusenesikhathi—njengokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zokungenisa ezihambisanayo, ukubheka izimpahla ezithunyelwa olwandle ezingadingi isikhathi esiningi, kanye nokusebenza nezinkampani zezokuthutha ezazi imithetho yezentela yaseYurophu—bazokwazi ukuncintisana kangcono. I-Topway Shipping ingumlingani ofanele wezinkampani ezidinga ukushintsha isu lazo lezokuthutha zisuka eShayina ziye eFrance ngenxa yesimo sezulu esisha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Topway Shipping inolwazi oluningi ngokuhlanzwa kwezentela kanye nemizila yezentela yaseYurophu.
Isiphetho
Ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isivumelwano sokuhweba noma ukuguqulwa kwenqubomgomo esikhathini sakamuva, uTemu noShein bashintshe indlela izimpahla ezihamba ngayo phakathi kweShayina neFrance. Benza umzila wezimpahla zomoya phakathi kweShayina neFrance waba ngomunye wemikhulukazi emhlabeni, baphula ingqalasizinda yeposi eyayihloselwe ukuphatha inani elijwayelekile leposi, baveza ubuthakathaka obukhulu ohlelweni lwamasiko lwe-de minimis lwaseYurophu, futhi baphoqa abalawuli kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-Atlantic ukuba bathathe isinyathelo esiphuthumayo.
Impendulo evela kubalawuli ishintsha ezomnotho wezentengiselwano ze-e-commerce ngaphesheya kwemingcele. Izindleko zamasiko ze-EU ezingama-€3 ezilinganiselwe zizoqala ngoJulayi 1, 2026, futhi imali yokuphatha enkulu kulindeleke ukuthi ifike kamuva onyakeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iFrance ngeke isakwazi ukungenisa amaphasela amancane ngaphandle kokukhokha intela. UTemu noShein bazoshintsha. Bobabili bakhombisile ukuthi bangakwazi ukuguquguquka ekusebenzeni kwabo, okuyinto abalawuli abangayinaki njalo. Kodwa ushintsho luzosho ukuthunyelwa okwengeziwe ngolwandle, indawo yokugcina eningi eShayina, kanye nohlelo lokuthutha oluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu lomzila osuka eShayina uye eFrance.
Umyalezo wamabhizinisi kulo mkhakha ucacile: le makethe izoqhubeka nokushintsha ngokushesha. Udinga ukwazi ngezinguquko eziyishintshayo, njengezinhlelo zesikhulumi se-e-commerce saseShayina, ukuphoqelelwa kwemithetho yentela ye-EU, kanye nokuphambukiswa kokuhweba komhlaba wonke. Lolu ulwazi oluyisisekelo oludingayo ukuze wenze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile zezokuthutha. Ukubambisana okufanele, amasu e-modal, kanye nabahlinzeki bezokuthutha abanolwazi lwangempela ekususweni kwemithetho yentela, ukuthutha olwandle, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kweYurophu kuzoba yisihluthulelo sempumelelo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q: Kungani iFrance isibe yindawo ebalulekile kangaka yokuphathwa kwempahla kwaseYurophu kukaTemu noShein?
A: IFrance ingenye yezimakethe ezinkulu ze-EU zezimpahla nezinsizakalo. Futhi ikhaya ukuya eParis Charles de Gaulle Airport, okuyisikhungo esikhulu sezimpahla zomoya kanye nendlela eyinhloko yamaphakheji e-e-commerce aseShayina afinyelela ngayo eYurophu. Ngenxa yemakethe yayo enkulu, ukuhamba kahle kwempahla, kanye nesimo esiqinile sokulawula, isibe yisikhungo esibalulekile sokusebenza kanye nesizinda sezepolitiki sempendulo yeYurophu ekukhuphukeni kwamaphasela aseShayina.
Q: Uyini ngempela umthetho we-EU de minimis, futhi kungani ukuwuqeda kubalulekile ekuhambeni kwempahla?
A: Umthetho we-EU de minimis uvumela amaphakheji angaphansi kuka-€150 ukuba angene ngaphandle kokukhokha imali yentela. UShein noTemu basebenzise lokhu ngezinga elikhulu ngokuthumela izigidi zama-oda ngamanye ngqo avela ezimbonini zaseShayina. Ukukususa ngoJulayi 2026 nokwengeza intela yentela eqondile engu-€3 kuwo wonke amaphakheji anenani eliphansi kuzothinta izindleko zokuthumela izinto ngendiza futhi kusheshise ukuthuthela ekuthwaleni impahla enkulu yolwandle kanye nempahla yokugcina impahla yaseYurophu ebekwe kusengaphambili.
Q: Ingabe intela yase-US ezimpahleni zaseShayina izokwenza isimo sempahla eFrance sibe sibi kakhulu?
A: Yebo, kungenzeka. I-US ibeke intela ephezulu kuzo zonke izinto ezingeniswayo zaseShayina futhi yasusa ukukhululwa kwayo kwe-de minimis. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina manje banemakethe encane kakhulu e-US. Okunye komthamo wokuthumela kwamanye amazwe oqondiswe kabusha kuya eYurophu, okwenza isimo sezokuthutha kanye nesezintela eFrance sibe sibi nakakhulu. U-Eric Lombard, uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali waseFrance, ukuqinisekisile obala lokhu kukhathazeka mayelana nokuphambuka kwezohwebo. Ugcizelele ukuthi ukusabela kwenqubomgomo yaseFrance kuhloselwe ukuvikela abathengi namabhizinisi eFrance, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-US inquma ukwenzani.
U: Abathengisi abathumela impahla besuka eShayina beya eFrance kufanele bazivumelanise kanjani nezinguquko zomthetho zango-2026?
A: Izinto eziza kuqala yilezi: ukwakha izakhiwo zokungenisa ezihambisana nemithetho yamasiko ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwemali kaJulayi 2026; ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe ukuthutha olwandle nge-European pre-positioning kunikeza yini umnotho weyunithi ongcono kunokuthunyelwa ngqo emoyeni; ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokuphepha komkhiqizo nezindinganiso ze-EU ukuze kugwenywe izingozi zokumiswa emakethe; kanye nokubambisana nabahlinzeki bezokuthutha abanolwazi abasungule ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanzwa kwamasiko kanye namakhono okuguquguquka omzila osuka eShayina uye eYurophu.
Q: Ingabe imithwalo yolwandle esuka eShayina iya eFrance iyisu elisebenzayo lezokuthutha kwezentengiselwano ze-inthanethi?
A: Impahla yokuthutha olwandle iya ngokuya ikhanga kakhulu kubathengisi abakulungele ukubeka kusengaphambili impahla ezindaweni zokugcwalisa zaseYurophu kanye nezigaba zemikhiqizo ezingadingi ukulethwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umehluko wamanani phakathi kwempahla yokuthutha olwandle kanye nempahla yomoya uya ngokuya ukhula ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ezintsha zokushaja ngephasela ngalinye. Impahla yokuthutha olwandle ye-FCL kanye ne-LCL kusuka emachwebeni amakhulu aseShayina kuya eLe Havre noma eMarseille, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwendawo kusuka ezindaweni zokugcina impahla zaseYurophu, kunganikeza kokubili izindleko eziphansi kanye nezikhathi zokulethwa okusheshayo e-US. Lokhu kwenza kube inketho enkulu yamasu kubathengisi abashintsha amamodeli abo okuthutha enkathini yangemva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi.
