Izinkokhelo Ezingaphezulu Zesizini Enkulu e-China kuya e-USA Ocean Freight kanye nokuthi Ungahlela Kanjani Kusengaphambili
Isingeniso
Uma uletha izimpahla ezisuka e-China ziya e-United States, kungenzeka ukuthi umangale ukuthola umugqa owengeziwe obhalwe ukuthi “Peak Season Surcharge” (PSS) lapho uvula isicaphuna esisha. Inyanga eyodwa, intengo yakho yonke ibonakala inengqondo; emasontweni ambalwa kamuva, ukuthunyelwa okufanayo kungazelelwe kubiza amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamaRandi ngaphezulu, noma ngabe akukho lutho olushintshile ngezimpahla zakho. Lowo mugqa owengeziwe ngokuvamile uyi-PSS.
Kunesizathu sentengo yesizini ephezulu. Ziyimpendulo evamile ekufuneni okwengeziwe, indawo encane emikhunjini, kanye nezinkinga ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka ngempahla emhubheni wohwebo waseChina–USA. Abangenisi banesikhathi esinzima njengoba lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zivame ukuvela lapho zidinga isikhala esiningi kakhulu: ngaphambi kokubuyela esikoleni, Black Friday, Christmas, kanye namaholide abalulekile aseShayina.
Sizochaza ukuthi iyini i-PSS, kungani ivela kuma-invoyisi akho ezimpahla zolwandle lwase-China–USA, nokuthi isebenza kanjani ngezilinganiso zakho eziyisisekelo nezinye izinkokhelo kulesi sihloko. Sizogxila kulokho ongakwenza ngakho, okubaluleke kakhulu. Uzofunda ukufunda imakethe, ukuhlela ukuthunyelwa kangcono, ukushintsha indlela othenga ngayo izinto, nokusebenzisana nozakwethu abalungile bezokuthutha ukuze kube lula ukuphatha izikhathi ezimatasa esikhundleni sokusangana.
Ekugcineni, kufanele ukwazi ukubheka ukucaphuna ngenkokhiso eyengeziwe yesizini ephezulu futhi wazi kahle ukuthi kungani ikhona. Kufanele futhi ube nohlelo olucacile lokuthi ungawunciphisa kanjani umthelela wakho ezindlekweni zakho zokufika kanye namamajini.
Iyini I-PSS, noma Inhlawulo Yesizini Enkulu?
Izinkampani ezithwala ulwandle nezindiza zikhokhisa inkokhiso yesizini ephezulu uma isidingo siphezulu ngokungavamile. Yengezwa ezindlekweni zakho zesisekelo sempahla yasolwandle kanye nezindleko ezengeziwe, futhi ngempahla yasolwandle, ngokuvamile ikhokhiswa isiqukathi ngasinye.
I-PSS isetshenziswa emzileni wezohwebo wase-China–USA ukukhokhela abathwali izindleko ezengeziwe kanye nokukhawulela indawo lapho isidingo singaphezu kwamandla omkhumbi. Uma imikhumbi isigcwele, abathwali bangakwazi ukugingqa impahla ekhokha kancane noma bakhuphule amanani nezinkokhelo kuze kube yilapho imakethe ithola ibhalansi. Basebenzisa i-PSS njengelinye lamathuluzi abo.
Kunamaphuzu ambalwa asemqoka izincazelo eziningi zemboni ezivumelana ngawo. I-PSS:
- Ibonakala uma kunethrafikhi yokuthutha eningi kanye nesidingo.
- Isikhathi esiningi, inani ledola elimisiwe ku-TEU ngayinye noma isiqukathi (20′, 40′, noma 40'HC).
- Yengezwa kumazinga ayisisekelo nezinye izinkokhelo, okuhlanganisa i-bunker adjustment factor (BAF), ukukhuphuka kwezinga elijwayelekile (GRI), kanye nezindleko zokuphatha ukuphela (i-THC).
Abathwali nabadluliseli bazisa abantu nge-PSS kusenesikhathi ngezaziso. NgoJulayi 2024, iMaersk yafaka inhlawulo eyengeziwe yesizini esuka e-Asia Pacific iye e-US naseCanada. Inkokhiso eyengeziwe bekungu-USD 1,000 esitsheni esingamamitha angu-20 kanye ne-USD 2,000 yesiqukathi esingamamitha angu-40 noma esingu-40'HC. UHapag-Lloyd uthe ngo-2024, kuzoba nePSS esuka eMpumalanga Asia iye eNyakatho Melika ngo-USD 480 ezitsheni ezingamamitha angama-20 kanye no-USD 600 weziqukathi ezingamamitha angama-40 namamitha angama-45. Lezi izibonelo zangempela zokuthi izinombolo ze-PSS zingabukeka kanjani.
Iphuzu eliyinhloko okufanele likhunjulwe ukuthi i-PSS ayisona isijeziso sokwenza noma yini engalungile. Kuwuhlelo lwemakethe oluqalayo lapho ibhalansi phakathi kwesidingo namandla emzileni wase-China-USA ishintsha ngokuzumayo ivuna abathwali.
Sinini isikhathi esimatasa kakhulu sokuthutha olwandle phakathi kweChina ne-US?
Esikhathini esedlule, abangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe nabathwali babecabanga ukuthi inkathi ephezulu emhubheni wase-China–USA yayingabikezelwa. Kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba, isidingo sasivame ukukhuphuka njengoba izitolo zase-US zilungiselela izinkathi zokuthenga zokubuyela esikoleni kanye noKhisimusi. Ngaso Unyaka Omusha WaseShayina kanye Neviki Legolide laseChina, kwesinye isikhathi bekunokwenyuka kwesibili kwesidingo. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi abathumeli bemikhumbi babephuthuma ukukhipha izimpahla ngaphambi kokuba amafekthri avalwe ngamaholidi futhi nalapho ukukhiqizwa sekuqalile futhi.
Izinkathi zonyaka eziphakeme namuhla zivumelana nezimo ekuphileni kwangempela. Iminyaka eyishumi yedatha yokubhukha ibonisa ukuthi umzila wase-China–USA usabonisa isikhathi sonyaka esiningi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezehlakalo ebezingalindelekile, izinguquko zenqubomgomo, kanye nokuphazamiseka, isikhathi namandla okunyuka kuye kwancipha kakhulu. Isibonelo, ngo-2025, abanye abacwaningi baqaphela ukuthi isidingo kulo lonke elasePacific sakhuphuka ngaphambi kokujwayelekile. Esikhundleni sokukhula kancane kancane ekwindla, yafinyelela umvuthwandaba ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo. NgoMeyi 2025, i-US ne-China bavumelana ngokubambezeleka okufushane kwezintela. Lokhu kwenza abangenisi abaningi bathumela izimpahla kusenesikhathi, okuqhubekisele phambili amanani aphezulu.
Ngisho noma lesi kuyisikhathi esishintshashintshayo, kunezikhathi ezimbalwa lapho ubungozi be-PSS buphezulu:
- Amaviki angaphambi kwamasizini amakhulu okuthenga e-US ahlanganisa uLwesihlanu Olumnyama, ukubuyela esikoleni, noKhisimusi.
- Ukujaha ngaphambi kukaNyaka Omusha WaseShayina, lapho amafekthri aseShayina esheshisa ukukhiqiza ngaphambi kokuvala.
- Isikhathi esingaphambi kweviki legolide laseChina ngo-Okthoba.
- Noma nini lapho kwenzeka okuthile okungajwayelekile, njengokushintshwa kwezindleko, ukungqubuzana kwabasebenzi echwebeni, noma ukuncishiswa kwenani.
Imithombo eminingi yemakethe isasho ukuthi i-PSS idume kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwe-trans-Pacific phakathi kukaJuni no-Okthoba, kanye naseduze Nonyaka Omusha Wenyanga. Kodwa usuku oluqondile lokuqala kanye nezinga lokuqina liyashintshashintsha njalo ngonyaka kuye ngokuthi singakanani isidingo esikhona nokuthi mangakanani umthamo okhona.
Ithebula elingezansi libonisa amaphethini athile esizini avamile kanye nezibonelo ezihambisana nempahla olwandle phakathi kwe-China ne-US. Lezi zinsuku ziyizibonelo nje futhi azibekwa etsheni unyaka owodwa.
| Isikhathi (Esijwayelekile) | Abashayeli Abayinhloko ku-China–USA Lane | I-PSS Risk Level (Ikhwalithi) | amanothi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ekupheleni kuka-Jan–Feb (cishe unyaka omusha wase-China) | Ukuvalwa kwefekthri, ukujaha kwangaphambi kweholide, ukubamba impahla ngemva kweholide | Maphakathi kuya phezulu | Ithonywe kakhulu amadethi oNyaka Omusha WaseShayina nemijikelezo yokukhiqiza. |
| May-June | Ukwakhiwa kwempahla kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, imicimbi yokuphromotha, amanani entengo noma ukushintsha kwenqubomgomo | Medium | Ingaphakama uma amanani entengo noma izinguquko zenqubomgomo zicupha ukulayishwa kuqala kwezinto ezingenisiwe. |
| NgoJulayi-Okthoba | Ukubuyela esikoleni namaholide, isidingo sokudayisa sase-US | High | Isizini eyaziwa isikhathi eside eyisiqongo sokungeniswa kwe-US. |
| Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba-Early October (Isonto Legolide) | Ukujaha kwangaphambi kweholide, ukuvalwa kwefekthri e-China | Maphakathi kuya phezulu | Amandla aqinile ngaphambi kweSonto Legolide; ukuzola ngesikhathi seholide, kuphinde kube ngemva. |
| Novemba-December | Ukugcwaliswa kabusha kweholide sekwephuzile, okungeziwe ngomzuzu wokugcina | Medium | I-PSS ingase iqhubeke noma inciphe ngokuya ngamandla esizini yangaphambili. |
Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukwazi lapho ubungozi buphezulu. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthola ukuthi ingakanani i-PSS engaba nomthelela ezindlekweni eziphelele zokuthutha.
Ukuthi Izinkokhelo Ezikhokhiswayo Zesizini Ephakeme Zishintsha Kanjani Izindleko Eziphelele Zempahla Yakho Elayishiwe
Kumuntu ongenisa impahla ngaphandle, i-PSS ingaphezu nje komunye umugqa wesikweletu. Ishintsha izindleko eziphelele zeyunithi ngayinye, ithinta indlela omisa ngayo izintengo, futhi ingase ikwenze ukhethe phakathi kokuba nempahla eningi nokukhokha izindleko ezinkulu zokuthumela. Uma abathwali bengeza Inhlawulo Yesizini Ephakeme, abazisusi ezinye izinkokhelo; bamane bengeze i-PSS enqwabeni yama-rates asevele ekhona.
Intengo ejwayelekile yokuthutha olwandle esuka e-China iye e-US yesitsha esiphelele esingamamitha angu-40 ingafaka izinto ezifana nalezi:
- Izinga eliyisisekelo lempahla yasolwandle.
- I-Bunker adjustment factor (BAF) noma ingxenye efanayo yamafutha.
- Izinkokhelo zokuphatha zemvelaphi nezindawo okuyiwa kuzo.
- Izimali ezikhokhwayo zamaphepha nokuphepha.
- I-General Rate Increase (GRI), uma isebenza.
- I-Peak Season Surcharge (PSS) ngezikhathi zesidingo esikhulu.
Ukuze uthole umbono wokuthi lokhu kusho ukuthini, cabanga ngesiqukathi esingamamitha angu-40 esisuka e-Shanghai siya e-Los Angeles. Izinombolo ezingezansi zenziwe, kodwa ziyefana nalokho okubonwe emakethe ye-trans-Pacific eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ngezikhathi ezimatasatasa, izilinganiso eziyisisekelo kulo mzila ziye zaba cishe ku-USD 4,800–5,500 i-FEU ngayinye, futhi amanani e-PSS ngokuvamile asukela kumakhulu ambalwa amadola ukuya ngaphezu kuka-USD 2,000 esitsheni ngasinye, kuye ngenkampani yenethiwekhi nesikhathi sonyaka.
| I-Cost Component | Isibonelo Esingekho Peak (isitsha se-USD / 40') | Isibonelo Senkathi Ephakeme nge-PSS (isitsha se-USD / 40') |
|---|---|---|
| I-Base Ocean Freight Rate | 4,500 | 5,000 |
| I-BAF / Izindleko Zamafutha Nezemvelo | 300 | 350 |
| Umsuka we-THC, Amadokhumenti, Ukuphepha | 250 | 250 |
| I-THC okuyiwa kuyo, Amadokhumenti, Ukuphepha | 350 | 350 |
| Okunye Ukulungiswa Kwemakethe (isb. GRI) | 0 | 400 |
| Inhlawulo Yesizini Enkulu (PSS) | 0 | 1,000–2,000 (kuyahlukahluka ngenkampani yenethiwekhi nesikhathi) |
| Izindleko Eziphelele Zase-Ocean | 5,400 | 7,000-8,350 |
Ngisho noma izinga lakho lesisekelo likhuphuka kancane kuphela phakathi nenkathi ephezulu, ukungezwa kwe-PSS kanye ne-GRI kungenza izindleko eziphelele zesiqukathi esisodwa zibe ngamaphesenti angu-30–50 ngaphezu kwezikhathi zokungasebenzi. Umthelela ngeyunithi ngayinye uncike ekutheni iziqukathi zakho zigcwele kangakanani nokuthi izimpahla zibiza malini, kodwa kokuthunyelwa okuningi kwe-e-commerce nokudayisa, kukhulu.
Lokhu kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili. Okokuqala, uma unezivumelwano ezigxilile nezitolo, ungase ungakwazi ukukhuphula izintengo ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuze uvale izindleko eziphezulu zokuthumela. Okwesibili, uma izimbangi zakho zithumela ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma zihlela kangcono, zingakwazi ukuthola izindleko ezishibhile zokuthumela ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kuzobanikeza inkululeko eyengeziwe yokusebenzisa izipesheli noma ukugcina amamajini amakhulu.
Yingakho ukuhlela nge-PSS kungaphezu nje kokubheka isilinganiso esishibhile sokuthumela; futhi kumayelana nokulungiselela izindleko zakho kanye nendawo yakho emakethe.
Yini Edala Izinkokhelo Zesikhathi Esiphezulu Zesikhathi Emzileni Wase-China–USA?
Izinkokhelo ezingeziwe zesizini ephakeme kakhulu zibonisa ukuthi ukuhlinzeka nesidingo kulinganisaniswa kanjani emzileni wokuhweba. Kukhona kokubili izici ezihlala njalo nezesikhashana ezithinta lapho i-PSS ibonakala nokuthi iphakama kangakanani ekuthengisweni ngaphandle okuvela e-China kuya e-US.
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi abathumeli baseMelika kanye nabathengisi bayayifuna. Lapho izitolo ezinkulu zase-US zi-oda izimpahla zabathengi abaningi, amagajethi, izingubo, amathoyizi, kanye ikhaya izimpahla, ukubhuka okuvela eChina kukhuphuka ophahleni. Lawa magagasi ngokuvamile axhunywe kumakhalenda okudayisa, okuhlanganisa namaholide ekupheleni konyaka nokubuyela esikoleni. Uma abathumeli abakhulu begcina indawo yokuvimba emikhunjini ngaphambi kwesikhathi, abangenisi abancane ngokuvamile kufanele bajahe izindawo ezimbalwa zokugcina, okuyilapho kuvela khona amanani engeziwe.
Isizathu sesibili imijikelezo yokukhiqiza namaholide eChina. Akuwona kuphela amaholide oNyaka Omusha WaseShayina kanye Nesonto Legolide, kodwa futhi ayizikhathi lapho amafekthri evala noma enciphisa umsebenzi. Ngaphambi kwamaholide, abathumeli bayaphuthuma ukukhipha izimpahla, futhi ngemva kwamaholide, baphinde baphuthume ukuze baqhubeke nomsebenzi wabo. Kukhona ama-spikes adinga indawo ezinhlangothini zombili zeholide kusukela emachwebeni aseShayina kuya e-US West nase-East Coasts.
Isizathu sesithathu amandla emikhumbi nemishini. Ngisho noma izimoto zomhlaba ziba zinkulu, eminye imizila ingase iminyene ngenxa yokuthi abathwali bahambisa imikhumbi, bakhansele ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, noma bashintshe amathebula ezikhathi. I-PSS iyindlela yokusebenzisa ngokugcwele isikhala esilinganiselwe futhi ubhekane nezinkinga zokusebenza ezifana nokuminyana kwechweba kanye nokuhlenga kabusha uhlelo lapho umthamo wemizila yase-Asia–North America ulinganiselwe.
Isici sesine ukuphazanyiswa okukhulu, okuhlanganisa izinguquko ezindlekweni nemithetho. Ngo-2025, ukubambezeleka kwesikhashana kwezintela phakathi kweChina ne-US kubikwa ukuthi kwabangela abangenisa kwamanye amazwe ukuthi baphuthume ukuthunyelwa ngaphambi kokwenyuswa kwentela okulindelekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngonyaka. Lokhu kwaletha lokho ngokuvamile okungaba amavolumu akamuva esizini futhi kwabangela ukuminyana kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuntengantenga kwezinga. Imithetho emisha yohwebo, izinguquko ezisheshayo ezidingweni zabathengi, noma ngisho nemicimbi yedada elimnyama ingabangela amaphethini afanayo ukuba enzeka.
Isizathu sesihlanu ukuminyana emachwebeni nasemhlabeni. Lapho amachweba ase-US, imizila kaloliwe noma amandla wamaloli egcwala kakhulu, abathwali kufanele bahlale emachwebeni isikhathi eside, bakhokhele indawo yegceke futhi bashintshe izindlela zabo zohambo. Uma abantu embonini bekhuluma nge-PSS, ngokuvamile bathi lezi zimali ezengeziwe zisiza ekukhokheleni izindleko eziphakeme ezivela ngenxa yokuminyana namandla alinganiselwe, njengezinkokhelo eziphakeme zikaphethiloli nezamachweba.
Abangenisi bangasuka ekusabeleni ku-PSS ngemuva kokuthi kwenzeke balindele lapho ubungozi bukhuphuka futhi baguqule izinhlelo zabo zokuthutha kusenesikhathi uma beqonda lezi zici.
Indlela Izinkampani Zenethiwekhi Nabadluliseli Abazithola Ngayo Izinkokhelo Ezingeziwe Zesizini Esikhulu
I-PSS iyithuluzi lebhizinisi, hhayi njengamanye amalevi alawulwayo. Izinkampani zenethiwekhi zimisa inombolo ngokusekelwe ekutheni singakanani isidingo esibikezelayo nokuthi imakethe inokuncintisana kangakanani. Bese befaka noma bashicilele inkokhiso eyengeziwe ngezeluleko nokubuyekezwa kwentela. Bese, abathumeli bezimpahla bayengeza kumakhotheshini abawanikeza abathumeli.
Empilweni yangempela, i-PSS ivamise ukuba:
- Icashunwe njengezindleko ezimisiwe ngama-USD ngesiqukathi ngasinye, ngokuvamile ngokusekelwe kusayizi wesiqukathi futhi ngezinye izikhathi ohlotsheni lwesevisi noma impahla.
- Kumenyezelwe ngedethi yokuqala kanye nedethi yokuphela, engashintshwa, inwetshwe, noma iphindwe ngokusekelwe esimeni.
- Ayishintshi izilinganiso eziyisisekelo nezinye izesekeli, kodwa ingeza kuzo.
Izexwayiso zomphakathi zakamuva zibonisa ukuthi izibalo zishintsha kanjani:
- Maphakathi no-2024, uHapag-Lloyd uzokhokhisa imali eyengeziwe yokuthutha isuka e-East Asia iye eNyakatho Melika phakathi nesizini ephezulu. Imali izoba ngu-USD 480 weziqukathi ezingu-20′ kanye no-USD 600 weziqukathi ezingu-40′ nezingu-45′.
- Maphakathi no-2024, i-PSS ye-Maersk esuka e-Asia Pacific iya e-US nase-Canada izobiza u-$1,000 nge-20DC kanye no-$2,000 weziqukathi ezingu-40DC, 40HC, nezingu-45′.
- Ngezinye izikhathi ezimatasa ngo-2025 emigwaqweni yase-China–USA, abanye abadluliseli bathi amanani e-PSS ayephakathi kuka-USD 300 no-600 esitsheni ngasinye, kuye ngesevisi nesithwali.
Ithebula elingezansi libonisa amasampula athile obubanzi be-PSS abangenisa impahla ngaphandle abangase bahlangabezane nabo ukuze bathunyelwe kusuka e-China kuya e-US. Lezi zibonelo zisekelwe olwazini lomphakathi kanye nombono wemakethe. Lena akuyona imithetho ebekiwe, kodwa ingamaqembu avamile.
| Uhlobo Lwesitsha | I-PSS Ebonisa Ibanga Eliphakeme Elilingene (USD/isitsha) | I-PSS Ebonisa Ububanzi Ku-Tight Peak (USD/isitsha) |
|---|---|---|
| 20' Zoma | 300-700 | 800-1,500 + |
| 40' Eyomile / HC | 400-900 | 1,000-2,000 + |
| 40' / 45' Reefer noma Okukhethekile | Ngokuvamile ukuphakama kunokomile, ngezinye izikhathi kabili | Iyahluka kakhulu ngenkampani yenethiwekhi kanye nomzila |
Kuye ngemikhawulo yenkampani yenethiwekhi nokuthi iqala nini ukusebenza, lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zengezwa uma ubhukha noma uma ufika esangweni. Inkokhelo eyengeziwe ingase isebenze uma ubhukha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kodwa ungafiki esangweni kuze kube ngemva kwedethi yokuqala ye-PSS. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda izeluleko ngokucophelela futhi uxhumane nomdluliseli okhuthele.
Amathiphu Awusizo Wokuhlela Kusengaphambili Nokunciphisa Imithelela Ye-PSS
Awukwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele inhlawulo yesizini ephezulu, kodwa ungenza amasu akho okuthenga nowokuthumela ukuze alume kancane. Isikhathi, ukuguquguquka, ukulungiswa komkhiqizo, kanye nokusebenzisana yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele zenziwe ngabathekelisi abavela e-China ukuya e-US.
Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza lokhu ukukhipha enye yevolumu yakho ezinyangeni ezimatasa kakhulu. Uma wazi ukuthi ingozi ye-PSS iphakeme kakhulu phakathi kukaJulayi no-Okthoba, ungabheka izibikezelo zesidingo sakho futhi ubone ukuthi ungahambisa kuphi uhlu lwamagama kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ungehlisa isilinganiso sakho sezindleko zempahla ngokudlulisela elinye lebhizinisi lakho ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Udinga ukusebenzisana nabasebenzi bakho bokuthengisa kanye nezezimali kulokhu ngoba udela izindleko zokuphatha uhlu lwempahla ukuze uthole izindleko eziphansi zokuthumela.
Enye indlela yokwenza lokhu ukunikela ngomzila nechweba elingaphezu kweyodwa. Abathumeli abaningi bathumela kuphela phakathi kwamachweba amabili, njengeShenzhen noma iShanghai neLos Angeles noma iLong Beach. Ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka kwethrafikhi nokuhluka kwezinga, kungase kushibhile ukuthunyelwa ezindaweni ezihlukene zasoGwini LwaseNtshonalanga noma ezikhumulweni zaseMpumalanga ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma impahla yakho ikwazi ukubhekana nokuchitha izinsuku ezimbalwa ezengeziwe olwandle ukuze uthole indawo enokwethenjelwa kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe. Umdluliseli ohlanganisa amachweba amaningi e-China futhi onamathuba amaningi ezindawo zase-US angasiza ekutholeni lawa mathuba.
Elinye ithuluzi yikhono lokushintsha amazinga esevisi. Ungakhetha ukukhokhela izinsizakalo ze-premium eziqinisekisa isikhala noma ukuhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu kwemikhiqizo edinga ukufika lapho ngokushesha. Kodwa kuma-SKU akho amaningi, izinsiza ezijwayelekile zingase zibe ziningi. Ngezikhathi ezimatasa kakhulu zonyaka, izinsizakalo zeprimiyamu zingakuvikela ngezikhathi ezimbi kakhulu ekugibeni nasekukhuphukeni kwentengo ngomzuzu wokugcina. Kodwa-ke, izinsizakalo ezijwayelekile zisazuza ngokubikezela okuhle nokubhukha kusenesikhathi. Ukwehlukanisa impahla yakho kuye ngesivinini sokuthengisa kanye nesilinganiso senzuzo kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo zesevisi ezihambisana nezinjongo zebhizinisi lakho.
Ukusebenzisa kahle iziqukathi nakho kubalulekile. Uma ukhokha i-PSS ngesiqukathi, ukuhambisa umoya ongenalutho kubiza kakhulu. Ungakwazi ukufaka amayunithi engeziwe esitsheni ngasinye ngokuthuthukisa ukuhlela kwakho komthwalo, uthintane nabahlinzeki ngamasayizi amabhokisi, futhi ucabange ngokulungiswa kwe-SKU. Ngisho nokwenyuka okuncane kokusetshenziswa kwehlisa umphumela we-PSS kuyunithi ngayinye. Abathumeli be-LCL nabo bangonga imali ngokuthola ukuthi kunengqondo nini ukuhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa ekuthunyelweni okukhethekile kwe-FCL.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlela kusenesikhathi futhi ubeke eceleni indawo ekuqaleni kweminyaka lapho isizini ephezulu iqala ngaphambi kwalokho obekulindelwe. Abathwali abaningi nabadluliseli phambili bafuna amakhasimende abo ukuthi anikeze ukuqagela kwevolumu ukuze bakwazi ukuthola ukuthi bangabeka kuphi iziqukathi nokuthi singakanani isikhala abangasishiya emikhunjini yabo. Izibuyekezo zemakethe ezimbalwa ngo-2024 nango-2025 zeluleka abathumeli ukuthi i-PSS izoqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi esivamile futhi zabatshela ukuthi babhuke ngokushesha okukhulu. Abathengi abavela kwamanye amazwe abalalela lezo zixwayiso ngokuvamile benza kangcono kunalabo abalinde amanani ezindawo angazange afike.
Enye indawo engakunaki ngokwanele ukuhlelwa kwezimali. Ngenxa yokuthi i-PSS ingakwazi ukwengeza izinkulungwane zamadola ezindlekweni zesiqukathi ngasinye, kufanele usifake ezindlekweni zakho ozifike nazo, isamba semaliji, kanye nezinqumo zentengo. Lapho wenza amamodeli ezezimali, cabanga nge-PSS njengento eguquguqukayo yesimo futhi wenze ukuqagela okuqinile phakathi nezinyanga ezimatasa kakhulu. Le ndlela ikusiza ukuthi ugweme ukumangala lapho izingcaphuno ziphakeme kunalokho obucabanga ukuthi zizoba njalo.
Okokugcina, ukuhambisana nemakethe yomhlaba wonke yezimpahla kuyisu uqobo. Ungathola izexwayiso zangaphambi kwesikhathi mayelana nokuthi i-PSS ingavela nini noma ihambe nini ngokuhlola njalo izeluleko zenkampani yenethiwekhi, izibuyekezo zemakethe ezivela kubadluliseli, nokuhlaziya okuzimele kwamathrendi okubhukha. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ikhalenda langonyaka odlule ukuze uqagele inani eliphakeme lalo nyaka eminyakeni lapho izinto zishintsha ngokushesha.
I-Case Scenarios: Okuncane Kuqhathaniswa Nomthengi Okhulayo Okhulayo Ngesizini Ematasa
Ukuze ubone ukuthi ukuhlela kusenesikhathi kungayithinta kanjani imiphumela, cabanga ngezimo ezimbili ezilula lapho abangenisi bempahla besuka e-China beya e-US phakathi nesikhathi esimatasa sonyaka.
Esimweni sokuqala, umthengi omncane ongenisa impahla ngaphandle uncike kakhulu kumacaphuno akhona kanye nokuthunyelwa kwezincwadi kuphela ngemva kokuthi abathengi base-US sebeqinisekise ama-oda abo okuthenga. Ababheki izexwayiso zenkampani yenethiwekhi noma izibuyekezo zemakethe futhi babone izimpahla njengezindleko zokudlula. Bamangele uma kumenyezelwa i-PSS ngoJuni ngempahla ezoqala ukufika ngoJulayi. Amazinga abo ayisisekelo ayakhuphuka, kufanele bakhokhele i-PSS, futhi kufanele babhekane nama-space roll-overs njengoba bebhukha ngomzuzu wokugcina. Izindleko zokufika ekugcineni ngeyunithi ngayinye zikhuphuka kakhulu, kodwa izinkontileka zabo zokuthengisa azinikezi indawo enkulu yoshintsho lwentengo. Amamajini aqinile, futhi ezinye izinto zize zifike sekwephuzile, okulimaza ubudlelwano bamakhasimende.
Esimeni sesibili, ongenisayo onezinombolo ezifanayo okhulayo usebenzisa isu elihleleke kakhulu. Babona ukuthi zinini izikhathi ezivame kakhulu zobungozi bese benza ikhalenda lezimpahla eziyisisekelo elibonisa ukuthi i-PSS kungenzeka nini kakhulu. Banikeza ukuqagela kwesidingo sabo sokudlulisela phambili izinyanga ezimbalwa kusengaphambili futhi bavumelana ngamabhendi evolumu aqhamuka emachwebeni amakhulu aseShayina. Uma amabhulethi emakethe eqala ukukhuluma ngesizini enhle kakhulu ephezulu kanye ne-PSS ezayo, adlulisela okunye ukuthunyelwa kwawo kwe-Q3 ku-Q2 sekwephuzile futhi aqinisekise ukuthi banendawo kumasevisi athile. Baphinde basebenzisane nabahlinzeki ukulayisha iziqukathi ngokushesha okukhulu futhi bahlanganise okunye ukuthunyelwa kwe-LCL ku-FCL.
Bakhokha imali eyengeziwe kokunye ukuthunyelwa lapho i-PSS iqala ukusebenza, kodwa enye ivolumu yabo iye yahamba ngamaleveli e-PSS aphansi noma angekho. Isilinganiso sezindleko zeyunithi ngayinye kule sizini siphansi kakhulu kunesomthengi wokuqala ovela kwamanye amazwe. Baphinde baqiniseke ngokwengeziwe ukuthi bangawamisa kanjani amanani abo futhi baqhube izinyuso zabo ngoba basebenzise i-PSS ekubaleni kwabo kwemajini.
Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi i-PSS ayiyona nje izindleko ezivela phezulu; kuwukuguquguquka okungashintshwa ngokuhlela kangcono nokusebenza ndawonye.
Ukuthi Ukubonakala Kwedijithali Nedatha Kungaba Lusizo Kanjani
Ukuze uphathe kahle inhlawulo yesizini ephezulu, udinga ukuthola ulwazi ngokushesha. Uyimpumputhe uma ungazi ukuthi impahla yakho ikuphi, kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukudlula indawo ngayinye, nokuthi kufanele ukhokhe kangaki izindleko ezengeziwe noma ulinde isikhathi eside kunalokho obuhlosiwe.
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa amathuluzi edijithali angazuzisa ngazo abantu abathutha izimpahla besuka e-China baye e-US. Ungathola ngezinkinga kusenesikhathi futhi ushintshe izinhlelo zakho ngokulandela umkhondo iziqukathi ngesikhathi sangempela ukusuka kumkhiqizi ukuya ethekwini, ngaphesheya kolwandle, ngokusebenzisa amachweba ase-US nemilenze yangaphakathi nezwe. Uma wazi ukuthi impahla izofika sekwephuzile, ungase ukwazi ukusheshisa ukuhamba ngomfula noma uhambise isitoko ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa isitoko.
Olunye ulwazi oluwusizo yidatha yomlando ekuthunyelwe kwakho. Ungabona amaphethini ezibalweni zakho zokuthunyelwa zangaphambilini, okuhlanganisa ukuthi yimiphi imizila noma inkampani yenethiwekhi enezikhathi zokuhamba ezingaguquki ngezikhathi ezimatasa zonyaka noma ukuthi izimbobo ezithile zazigcwala kangaki. Uma uhlanganisa le datha nokuhlaziywa kwangaphandle kokuziphatha kokubhuka kumzila wokuhweba wase-China–USA, ungakwazi ukubikezela ngokunembe kakhudlwana ukuthi uzokhokha malini ku-PSS nezinye izinkokhelo.
Ukwenza idijithali futhi kwenza ukulungiselela izimo eziningi kube lula. Abangenisi abaningi basasebenzisa amaspredishithi ukuze balandelele izinhlelo zabo zezimpahla, okwenza kube nzima ukubona ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kwamazinga e-PSS noma amafasitela okuphuma kuzothinta kanjani izindleko zokugcina. Ngezixazululo zokubonakala ezihlanganisiwe ezengeziwe, ungenza izivivinyo zokuthi “kuthiwani uma” ukuze ubone ukuthi yini engenzeka uma uhambisa umthamo wamaviki amabili phambili, uhambisa u-20% wempahla usuka eSouth China uye kwelinye ichweba elihlukile, noma wandise ukusetshenziswa kweziqukathi ngenani elincane. Ukuchayeka kwe-PSS kanye nezindleko zokufika zihlukile esimweni ngasinye.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nozakwethu bezokuthutha ku-inthanethi. Uma umthumeli wakho enezindlela ezingakwazisa ngokuzenzakalelayo mayelana nezinkokhelo ezintsha, umnqamulajuqu wokubhuka noma izinkinga zechweba emzileni wase-China–USA, akudingekile ukuthi uhlole i-imeyili yakho kaningi futhi ungenza izinqumo ngokusekelwe olwazini lwamanje kakhulu.
Ukuthola Uzakwethu Olungile Wezinto Zokusebenza
Akekho othenga kwamanye amazwe okufanele abhekane nesizini ephezulu eyedwa. Inkampani yezokuthutha oyikhethayo izothinta ngokuqondile ukuthi ukhokha malini i-PSS, ukuthi izimpahla zakho zibambezeleka kangakanani noma zigoqwe kangaki, nokuthi ungabona malini ngenqubo.
Uzakwethu omuhle wezimpahla zasolwandle phakathi kwe-China ne-US kufanele abe nolwazi olujulile lomzila kanye namathuluzi awusizo. Okuhlangenwe nakho komzila kuhilela ukwazi ukuthi isimo sezulu siwuthinta kanjani lo mhubhe othize, lapho izimbobo zamachweba zase-China namasango ase-US ngokuvamile azinzile ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka, nokuba nokuxhumana nezinkampani zenethiwekhi eziningi ezihlukene. Kudinga futhi ukwazi ukuchaza izizathu zokukhokhiswa okwengeziwe ngamagama alula webhizinisi, hhayi kuphela ijagoni yokuthutha. Lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zifaka i-PSS, GRI, BAF, nezindleko ezihlobene nechweba.
Isidluliseli esihlakaniphile sikusiza ukuthi uhlele eduze kwe-PSS ngokubheka izeluleko zenkampani yenethiwekhi, ngokugcina isikhala kusenesikhathi ukuze uthole ivolumu oyilindelekile, futhi uphakamise imizila ehlukene noma amazinga wesevisi lapho eminye imizila iba matasa kakhulu noma ibiza kakhulu. Kufanele bakhulume ngezindaba ezimayelana nemakethe, okuhlanganisa nokuthi abathwali bamemezela nini izinsuku ezisebenzayo ze-PSS ukusuka e-East Asia ukuya eNyakatho Melika noma lapho kulindeleke ukuthi ukunyuka kwamanani kuhlale esikhundleni sokuhamba.
Futhi, ukufakwa kwesevisi kubalulekile. Uma ufuna ukuhweba phakathi kwe-China ne-US, kungcono ukusebenzisana nozakwethu ongakwazi ukuphatha yonke inqubo, kusukela ekutholeni izimpahla ezimbonini ziye ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi ukuya ekuhlanzeni amasiko e-China ukuze uzithumele ngomkhumbi (kokubili i-FCL ne-LCL), ukuhlanza amasiko e-US, ukuletha phakathi nezwe, ngisho nokuwagcina futhi asabalalise uma kudingeka. Lowo mbono ogcwele ubavumela ukuthi babone amathuba lapho ungase wonge khona imali ekuthungeni amaloli noma kugcinwa ngenkathi usakhokha kakhulu ngokuthunyelwa, noma ngenye indlela.
Okokugcina, uzakwethu wezokuthutha kufanele azi ukuthi i-e-commerce ithatha isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi amakhasimende ase-US afunani. Kubathengi abaningi base-China–USA, ikakhulukazi labo abathengisa ku-inthanethi, akwanele ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kufike “ekugcineni”. Kudingeka bafike lapho ngesikhathi sokuthengisa okuthile kanye nezikhathi lapho isidingo siphezulu. Uzakwethu ongavumelanisa ikhalenda lakhe lokuhlela nekhalenda lakho lokuphromotha angakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi ukukhokha i-PSS kuwukutshalwa kwezimali okuhle kwezokuthengisa esikhundleni sezindleko ezingenakugwemeka nje.
I-Toway Shipping: Uzakwethu Wokuhamba Kwesizini Ephakeme Phakathi kwe-China ne-US
Uma ufuna uzakwethu wezokuthutha owazi yomibili imakethe yezimpahla zasolwandle yase-China–USA nokuthi i-e-commerce ewela umngcele isebenza kanjani, kungcono ukhethe inkampani osekunesikhathi eside ikulo mzila.
Kusukela ngo-2010, i-Toway Shipping, ezinze e-Shenzhen, ibigxile kwezokuthutha zamazwe ngamazwe, kugxilwe ngokukhethekile ekuthumeleni ngemikhumbi phakathi kweChina ne-US. Ithimba elasungula le nkampani linesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 ekukhishweni kwezimpahla emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokugunyazwa kwamasiko. Lokhu kusho ukuthi babhekane nezinhlobo eziningi zezinkathi zonyaka eziphakeme kakhulu, kusukela emijikelezweni yokuthengisa ebikezelwayo kuya eminyakeni ephazanyiswa kakhulu amanani entengo kanye nemicimbi yomhlaba.
I-Toway Shipping ihlanganisa lonke iketango lezinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ezithumela izimpahla zisuka e-China ziye e-US. Bangakwazi ukusingatha izinto zokuhamba ngezinyawo ezisuka emafekthri ukuya emachwebeni oqobo kulo lonke elase-China, bahlele amaphepha okuthekelisa, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi impahla isilungele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngaphambili. Banikeza kokubili i-full-container-load (FCL) kanye nezinsizakalo ezingaphansi kwe-container-load (LCL), ezinikeza abathumeli babo bonke osayizi namavolumu ezinye izinketho.
Izixazululo ze-Toway futhi zihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwempahla nokusabalalisa kwamanye amazwe. Bangasiza ngokugcina izimpahla kwamanye amazwe, okuyindlela ewusizo yokubhekana nezindleko ezengeziwe ngezikhathi ezimatasa. Ungase uthathe ithuba lokuthutha olwandle olungekho esiqongweni futhi uthembele kancane ekuthunyelweni komzuzu wokugcina, okuphezulu kwe-PSS ngokusondeza izimpahla kubathengi base-US ngaphambi kokuthengisa okuphezulu. I-Toway isingatha imvume yezimpahla kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemayela lokugcina ukusuka kulezo zikhungo, iqedela umbuthano phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwamaShayina nabathengi baseMelika.
Ibhizinisi eliyinhloko likaTopay elokuhweba nge-inthanethi okuwela umngcele, ngakho-ke bayazi ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuthi izikhathi zokuhamba zithembeke, ama-oda azolandelelwa, kanye namazinga wesevisi afane kuyo yonke indawo. Abasebenzi babo basetshenziselwa ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ukuhlela izinto kuhambisana nemicimbi yokuthengisa ku-inthanethi, izinhlelo zokumaketha, kanye nezidingo zemakethe. Uma udinga ukukhetha ukuthi yikuphi ukuthunyelwa okufanele kuhambe phakathi nenkathi ephezulu, ngaphandle kwe-PSS, futhi okungase kuthuthukiswe, kubambezeleke, noma kuphambukiswe, lokho okwenziwayo kuyasiza kakhulu.
Uma ufuna uzakwethu ongakusiza ukuthi uqhamuke nesu lesizini ephezulu esikhundleni sokuvele akunike amanani, inkampani efana ne-Toway Shipping ingakusiza ukuthi udlule enkathini ephezulu futhi uyisebenzise ngokunenzuzo. Sebeneminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi besebhizinisini le-e-commerce Logistics futhi banolwazi oluqinile lwase-China-US.
Isiphetho
Kunezindleko zangempela neziphindelelayo zezindleko ezingeziwe zesizini ephakeme kakhulu e-China–USA yezimpahla zasolwandle, kodwa akudingekile ukuba zibe yimpicabadala. Izinkokhelo ze-PSS ngokuyisisekelo ziyindlela yokunyusa amanani lapho kunesidingo esikhulu, umthamo onganele, kanye nezinkinga zokusebenza komunye wemizila yohwebo ematasa kakhulu emhlabeni. Zenzeka kaningi lapho izitolo zase-US nezimboni zaseShayina zithumela izimpahla eziningi ngesistimu ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengangaphambi kwamaholide, phakathi Nonyaka Omusha WaseShayina kanye Neviki Legolide, noma lapho izinqubomgomo zishintsha noma kwenzeka okuthile okungalindelekile.
Kubathengi abavela kwamanye amazwe, iqhinga liwukuyeka ukukhononda nge-PSS uma beyibona ku-invoyisi futhi baqale ukuhlela ukuthi kungenzeka nini. Lokhu kusho ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nokuthenga, ukubeka, kanye namanani entengo okucabangela lokhu. Ungenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuthi uzothunyelwa nini nokuthi kuthunyelwe malini ngokwenza imephu izikhathi eziphakeme ezijwayelekile, ubhekisise izibuyekezo zemakethe nezeluleko zenkampani yenethiwekhi, kanye nokwenza imodeli yemiphumela yezezimali yezinye izimo ze-PSS.
Ukushintsha umthamo uye ezinyangeni zamahlombe, ukusebenzisa kangcono iziqukathi, ukusebenzisa amachweba amaningi kanye nezinsizakalo, nokuhlukanisa ukuthunyelwa ngokuphuthumayo zonke izindlela ezisebenzayo zokwehlisa ukuchayeka kwe-PSS okumaphakathi. Ungathola amaphethini ebhizinisini lakho futhi usabele ngokushesha lapho imakethe ishintsha ngosizo lwamathuluzi okubonakala kwedijithali nokuhlaziywa kwedatha okuhle. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukusebenza nenkampani yezokuthutha ewazi ngempela umhubhe wase-China–USA futhi ekwazi ukuphatha yonke into kusukela ekuhanjisweni komlenze wokuqala e-China kuya ekulethweni kwemayela lokugcina e-US kwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi awudingi ukubhekana nesizini ephezulu uwedwa.
Kuyohlale kuneminyaka lapho i-PSS iphakeme noma ingazinzile kunalokho obekulindelwe. Kodwa ngokuhlela ngokucophelela nangosizo olufanele, ungenza inkathi ephezulu ibe yinto ehleleke kahle, elawulekayo yesu lakho le-supply chain esikhundleni sesikhathi sokucindezeleka nokumangala.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q: Iyini ngempela i-Peak Season Surcharge (PSS) e-China–USA impahla yolwandle?
IMP: Inkokhiso yesizini ephezulu iyinkokhiso eyengeziwe abathwali basolwandle abayingezayo kuzilinganiso zempahla eziyisisekelo uma kunesidingo esikhulu nethrafikhi. Esiteshini sezentengiselwano saseChina–USA, imvamisa ikhokhiswa isiqukathi ngasinye. Lokhu okokukhokhela izindleko zokusebenza eziphezulu kanye nokunciphisa inani lemikhumbi etholakalayo lapho ukubhuka kudlula umthamo.
Q: Izikhathi eziphakeme ngokuvamile zenzeka nini ekuthunyelweni okuvela e-China kuya e-USA?
IMP: Isikhathi esimatasa kakhulu sokuthutha impahla olwandle phakathi kwe-China ne-US ngokuvamile sisukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba, lapho izitolo zase-US zilungiselela ukuya esikoleni namaholide okuphela konyaka. Kukhona ukukhuphuka okubalulekile komsebenzi ngaphambi nangemuva kukaNyaka Omusha WaseShayina kanye naseduze Neviki Legolide lase-China ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Kodwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule, izinguquko zenqubomgomo kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenze kwaba nzima ukulinganisa ukuthi izinto zizokwenzeka nini. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale ubhekile izibuyekezo zemakethe minyaka yonke.
Q: Ingakanani Inhlawulo Yesizini Enkulu ingangeza ezindlekweni zami zokuthumela?
IMP: Umphumela ushintsha unyaka nonyaka, inkampani yenethiwekhi iye kwinkampani yenethiwekhi, kanye nohlobo lwesiqukathi sibe uhlobo lwesiqukathi. Kodwa-ke, ezinkathini zonyaka eziphakeme kakhulu, i-PSS ingangeza noma yikuphi ukusuka kumakhulu ambalwa amadola ukuya ngaphezu kuka-USD 2,000 esitsheni ngasinye. Inkokhiso eyengeziwe yengezwa kumazinga ayisisekelo kanye nezindleko ezengeziwe, okusho ukuthi izindleko zizonke zesitsha esisolwandle zingase zikhuphuke ngo-30% ziye ku-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhathi lapho kungekho khona isiqongo, ikakhulukazi emizileni ematasa njenge-China eya e-USA.
Q: Ngingakwazi ukugwema ngokuphelele i-PSS lapho ngingenisa ngisuka e-China ngiya e-USA?
IMP: Awukwazi ukuqeda i-PSS ngokuphelele ezimweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukuthumela ngezikhathi ezimatasa kakhulu. Nokho, ungakwazi ukwehlisa ukuchayeka kwakho ngokuhambisa ivolumu ethile ezinyangeni zamahlombe, ngokufaka ama-oda ngaphambili, ukuhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa, ukusebenzisa kahle iziqukathi, kanye nokusebenza nomdluliseli ongathola indawo futhi uphakamise imizila ehlukene. Umqondo uwukwehlisa izindleko zakho ezimaphakathi ze-PSS phakathi nesizini esikhundleni sokuyeqa ngokuphelele.
Q: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-PSS kanye Nokwenyuka Kwezinga Elijwayelekile (GRI)?
IMP: Ukwenyuka kwezinga okuvamile kuwushintsho lwezilinganiso zempahla eziyisisekelo ezenziwa abathwali ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yezinguquko ezimakethe. Ngokuvamile kusebenza eziningi ezahlukene kaseyili kanye nezinsuku. Inhlawulo yesizini ephakemeyo iyizindleko ezengeziwe ezihlukile ezikhokhiswa ngezikhathi zokufunwa kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile ezigxilwa kakhulu kusizini ethile. Udinga ukufunda izingcaphuno ngokucophelela futhi uqonde ingxenye ngayinye yezindleko ngoba zombili zingenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Q: Angangisiza kanjani uzakwethu wezokuthutha njengo-Topay Shipping ukuthi ngiphathe i-PSS?
A: Uzakwethu ofana ne-Toway Shipping angasiza ngezindlela eziningi. Bangabheka izexwayiso zenkampani yenethiwekhi nezimo zemakethe, bakwazise ukuthi i-PSS kulindeleke ukuthi iqale nini noma ibe yimbi kakhulu, futhi ikunikeze ukuhlela kokuthunyelwa kanye nokukhetha komzila okugcina ubungozi bakho buphansi ngangokunokwenzeka. I-Toway ingakusiza ukuthi uhlele isu lakho lokusungula ngokusebenzisa umkhumbi ongekho ezingeni eliphezulu ukuze uthuthukise ukuthengisa kwesizini ephezulu. Benza yonke into kusukela kwezokuthutha zomlenze wokuqala kanye nokuhlanza amasiko e-China kuya endaweni yokugcina impahla engasogwini, imvume ye-custom yase-US, nokulethwa kwemayela lokugcina.
