Izimfihlo Eziyi-10 Eziphezulu Zokunciphisa Umthethosivivinywa Wakho Wokuthutha Ulwandle Osuka eShayina Usiya e-US Ngesigamu

 

Isingeniso

Uma wake wathumela izinto ezivela eShayina e-US, uyazi ukuthi izindleko zokuthutha olwandle zingabonakala zingalindelekile, zicasula, futhi zivame ukuba ziphakeme kakhulu. Intengo ibukeka ilungile ngenyanga eyodwa, bese kuthi elandelayo ikhuphuke ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Abathumeli abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lezi zimali zibekwe phansi noma azikho ezandleni zabo ngokuphelele, kodwa akunjalo nhlobo.

Inhlanganisela yezinqumo, isikhathi, isu, kanye nezingxoxo ziya kuyo yonke imali yokuthutha impahla olwandle. Izinkampani ezaziyo ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kanjani ngempela zivame ukuchitha imali encane kakhulu kunezinye ezivele zamukele ikhotheshini yokuqala eziyitholayo. Akuyona inhlanhla eyenza umehluko. Ulwazi.

Lokhu okuthunyelwe kuqukethe amathiphu angaphezu kweshumi angokoqobo, avivinyiwe angakusiza ngempela ukonga kufika ku-50% enkokhelweni yakho yokuthutha izimpahla olwandle esuka eShayina iya e-US ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu akuzona izindlela eziyingozi noma izindlela ezinqamulelayo. Nsuku zonke, abathumeli abanekhono, abaphathi bezokuthutha, kanye nabathumeli bezimpahla basebenzisa la maqhinga ukuthutha izimpahla kulo lonke iPacific.

Amathiphu alandelayo angakusiza ukuthi ulawule isabelomali sakho sokuthumela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthumela ama-pallet ambalwa ngenyanga noma izitsha eziningi njalo ngeviki.

Ukuqonda Ukuthi Izindleko Zakho Zempahla Zivelaphi Ngempela

Ngaphambi kokuthi unciphise izindleko, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi ukhokhela ini ngempela. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zezinto zokuthutha olwandle. Kuyiqoqo lezimali ezihlanganisiwe, ezinye zazo zicacile kanti ezinye zifihliwe ngombhalo omncane.

Nasi uhlu olulula lwezindleko ezivame kakhulu zokuthutha olwandle phakathi kweShayina ne-US.

I-Cost Component	Incazelo
I-Base Ocean Freight	Izindleko eziyinhloko ezikhokhiswa yilayini yokuthumela ukuze kuthuthwe isitsha
I-Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF)	Inkokhelo eyengeziwe ehlobene nophethiloli
Izindleko Zokuphatha Itheminali (THC)	Izimali zokuphatha ichweba lapho livela khona nalapho liya khona
Izimali Zokubhala	Izindleko zezindleko zokuthutha impahla kanye namaphepha
Imvume yokuba okuthile kwenzeke	Izindleko zokuthumela nokungenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe
I-Drayage	Ukuthutha ngamaloli ukusuka echwebeni kuya endaweni yokugcina impahla
Izinkokhelo Ezingeziwe Zesizini Esikhulu	Ukwanda kwesikhashana ngezikhathi zesidingo esikhulu

Abathumeli abaningi banaka nje izinga lokuthutha olwandle, kodwa ukonga kwangempela kuvame ukugcina ezinye izindleko ziphansi.

Isikhathi Sinamandla Kakhulu Kunokuba Abathumeli Abaningi Bakuqaphela

Isikhathi singenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kodwa ezingaqondakali kahle izindleko. Ukuthutha olwandle kuvame ukuba sesikhathini, futhi uma ubhukha ngesikhathi esingafanele, amanani akho angase aphindeke kane.

Izindleko zokuthumela zivame ukukhuphuka ngaphambi kwezikhathi ezinkulu zokuthenga njengokubuyela esikoleni kanye namaholide ekupheleni konyaka. Ziphinde zikhuphuke kakhulu ngaphambi koNyaka Omusha WaseShayina, njengoba izinkampani zishesha ukuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe ngaphambi kokuba ivalwe. Ungonga imali eningi uma ungathumela impahla emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma kamuva.

Abathumeli abanolwazi bahlela ukukhiqizwa kanye namazinga esitokwe ngokusekelwe ezinkathini ezimatasa. Bashiya isikhathi esengeziwe ukuze bangadingi ukuthunyelwa ngezikhathi ezibiza kakhulu. Ukukwazi ukushintsha usuku lwakho lokuhamba ngokuvamile kusho izindleko zokuthumela eziphansi.

Ukukhetha Amachweba Afanele Kungasindisa Izinkulungwane Ngokuthula

Abathumeli abaningi baya echwebeni eliseduze ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi liyindlela engcono kakhulu yesabelomali sabo. Eqinisweni, ukukhetha ichweba kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ezindleko zakho zokufika.

EShayina, amachweba amakhulu njengeShanghai, iNingbo, iShenzhen, neQingdao avame ukuba namanani aphansi okuncintisana ngoba aphatha imithwalo eminingi. Kodwa-ke, ithrafikhi ingenza amanani endawo akhuphuke. Ngezinye izikhathi, amachweba amancane aseduze enza izinto zihambe kahle futhi anciphise izindleko zokuthutha izimpahla ziye ezweni.

Ngasohlangothini lwase-US, ukuminyana kwezimoto eLos Angeles naseLong Beach kwenze abathumeli abaningi bafune ezinye izinketho, njenge-Oakland, Seattle, Savannah, Houston, noma eNew York. Ngisho noma ukuthunyelwa olwandle kungathatha isikhathi eside, ukonga ngenxa yokulibaziseka okuncane emachwebeni kanye nokuthutha ngamaloli amancane ezweni kungenza umehluko.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwesitsha Kuyindlela Elula Yokuthola Inzuzo

Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu futhi abizayo ekuthuthweni olwandle ukukhokhela umthamo wama-container angasetshenziswa.

Isitsha esingamamitha angu-40 esigcwele ngo-70% sibiza cishe inani elilingana nelesigcwele ngokuphelele. Abathumeli abachitha isikhathi bethola osayizi abangcono kakhulu bamabhokisi, ama-pallet, kanye namasu okulayisha ngokuvamile bangase behlise izindleko zabo zokuthumela ngeyunithi ngayinye ngobuningi ngaphandle kokushintsha imizila noma abathwali.

Uma kuthunyelwa inani elincane, kungaba nengqondo ukuhlanganisa imithwalo nokuthunyelwa kwe-LCL. Kodwa uma kuthunyelwa inani elikhulu, ukushintshela ku-FCL enomthwalo ongcono kakhulu kuvame ukushibhile kakhulu ngeyunithi ngayinye.

Izinqumo ze-LCL vs FCL Kufanele Zibuyekezwe Njalo

Izinkampani eziningi zinamathela ku-LCL noma ku-FCL ngoba yilokho ebezilokhu zikwenza. Leli yiphutha elibiza kakhulu.

I-LCL ingaba yinhle kakhulu ngamanani amancane, kodwa ibiza kakhulu ukuyiphatha, ithatha isikhathi eside ukufika lapho, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ifike sekwephuzile. Uma amanani enyuka, iphuzu lapho i-FCL iba eshibhile khona ngokuvamile liza ngokushesha kunalokho obekubikezelwe.

Ukuhlola ivolumu, imvamisa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-cubic meter kokuthunyelwa njalo kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha isu lakho nini. Amanye amabhizinisi asebenzisa ngisho nezindlela zombili, asebenzisa i-LCL ezintweni ezingathengisi ngokushesha kanye ne-FCL ezintweni ezithengisa ngokushesha.

Ingxoxo Ilindelekile, Akuyona Eyokuzikhethela

Abantu bavame ukucabanga ukuthi izindleko zokuthumela zibekwe ngokuqinile, nokho lokhu akulona iqiniso. Cishe konke kuvunyelwene ngakho, nokho.

Izinkampani zokuthumela impahla zidinga abathuthi bempahla kanye nabathuthi abakhulu ukuba babale amanani, ikakhulukazi uma bephethe inani elifanayo lempahla ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abathuthi abancane ngezinye izikhathi bangathola amanani angcono ngokuvuma ukuthunyelwa njalo noma izikhathi zokuhamba ngomkhumbi ezingashintsha.

Akukhona nje kuphela ukwehlisa izinga lesisekelo uma nixoxisana. Ukuhoxisa ezinye izimali, ukuvala amazinga isikhathi eside, noma ukuthola izinsuku zamahhala endaweni oya kuyo kungaba nomthelela ofanayo noma omkhulu ezimalini zakho.

Izinkontileka Zinqoba Amanani Ezindawo Kaningi Kunokuba Zingakwenzi

Amanani entengo ye-Spot angase abonakale emuhle uma imakethe yehlile, kodwa awazinzile futhi kunzima ukuwalindela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkontileka zesikhathi eside zigcina izinto zizinzile futhi zikuvikele ekushintsheni kwentengo okusheshayo.

Uma isidingo sincane, kungase kubonakale kungabalulekile ukufaka inkontileka. Kodwa lapho imakethe iba nzima, abantu abanezinkontileka ngokuvamile bakhokhela ingxenye yalokho abathumeli bentengo eqondile okufanele bakwamukele.

Isu elilinganiselayo elihlanganisa amanani enkontileka yevolumu eyinhloko kanye nokubhukha impahla eyengeziwe endaweni ethile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhamba.

Ezokuthutha Zangaphakathi Zidinga Ukunakwa Okulinganayo

Uhambo alupheli ngempahla yolwandle. Izindleko zokuhamba ngaphakathi ezweni zingase ziqede ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukonga okwenziwe olwandle.

Uma izikhathi zokufika, ukususwa kwezimpahla, kanye nokuthutha impahla kungasebenzi kahle, kungaholela ekuboshweni, ekunciphiseni izindleko zokuthutha impahla, kanye nezindleko zokugcina impahla. Lezi zimali ziyanda ngokushesha futhi zingagwenywa ngokuphelele ngokuhlela okuhle.

Uma usebenza nabalingani bezokuthutha abaphatha izinyawo zasemanzini kanye nezangaphakathi, ungabona futhi ubophe wonke umuntu ngesibopho sayo yonke inqubo yokuthutha impahla.

Ukubonakala Kunciphisa Izindleko Ngaphezu Kwesivinini

Ukuzama ukuthola isikhathi sokuhamba esisheshayo ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zangempela. Ukubonakala yikho okunciphisa ngempela izindleko.

Ukwazi ukuthi imithwalo yakho ikuphi, ukuthi izofika nini, nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe esinyathelweni ngasinye kukuvimbela ekwenzeni izinqumo zomzuzu wokugcina ezikubiza kakhulu. Ukulungiselela okuthuthukisiwe kwenza kube lula ukuthi izimpahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zisuswe, kuhlelwe isikhathi sokuphumula, futhi kuhambe kahle ukudla okuya ezitolo.

Amathuluzi okulandelela edijithali kanye nokuxhumana okusebenzayo akusekuhle ukuba nawo. Ayadingeka ukuze kugcinwe izindleko ziphansi.

Umlingani Ofanele Wezokuthutha Ushintsha Konke

Ngesinye isikhathi, akubalulekile kangako ukuthi wenzani ukunciphisa izindleko zokuthumela kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi usebenza nobani.

Inkampani yezokuthutha enolwazi oluningi iyazi ukuthi izinkampani zezindiza zisebenza kanjani, ukuthi amachweba asebenza kanjani, ukuthi isimo sezulu sithinta kanjani ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla, nokuthi imithetho ishintsha kanjani. Bacabanga kusengaphambili futhi baqhamuke nezixazululo zokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezisebenza nomodeli webhizinisi lakho ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zivele ku-invoyisi.

Yilapho abathengisi bezimpahla abangochwepheshe behlala benza kangcono kunezindawo zokubhukha ezingahleliwe.

Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kwe-Topway Okusisiza Ngayo Ukunciphisa Izindleko Zokuthutha Izimpahla E-China-US Ocean

I-Topway Shipping ibilokhu ingumhlinzeki onekhono wezixazululo ze-e-commerce logistics ezivela kwamanye amazwe kusukela ngo-2010. Le nkampani isekelwe eShenzhen, eShayina.

Ithimba lethu labasunguli lineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 yesipiliyoni sangempela kwezokuthutha kanye nokususwa kwezimpahla kwamanye amazwe, ligxile ekuthuthweni kwezimpahla phakathi kweShayina ne-US. Siyazi ukuthi singazixazulula kanjani izinkinga ezincane ezibiza imali eningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Topway Shipping iphatha lonke uchungechunge lwezokuthutha, kusukela esigabeni sokuqala sokuthutha eShayina kuya ekugcinweni nasekucutshungulweni kwezimpahla e-US, bese ekugcineni ukulethwa kuze kube yimayela lokugcina. Sinikeza izinsizakalo zokuthutha olwandle ezivela eShayina kuya emachwebeni abalulekile emhlabeni wonke ezisebenziseka kalula ekuthunyelweni kwemithwalo egcwele (i-FCL) kanye nemithwalo engaphansi kwemithwalo (i-LCL).

Sisiza abathumeli ukuthi bonge imali ekuthwaleni impahla ngokusebenzisa i-volume leverage, ukwenza ngcono umzila, kanye nokuxhumanisa okusebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle futhi kulula ukukubona.

Isiphetho

Akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa intengo yakho yokuthutha ulwandle ukusuka eShayina ukuya e-US ngesigamu, kodwa kuzodingeka ushintshe indlela ocabanga ngayo. Esikhathini esiningi, ukonga okukhulu akuveli esenzweni esisodwa esikhulu. Kuvela ekwenzeni uchungechunge lwezinqumo ezihlakaniphile mayelana nokuhlela, ukuhambisa izimpahla, ukupakisha, ukuxoxisana, kanye nokubambisana.

Abathumeli bempahla ababona imithwalo njengento ebalulekile esikhundleni sezindleko ezihleliwe banamathuba amakhulu kunabancintisani babo. Akusekho ukukhetha ukuthumela ngobuhlakani ezweni lapho imingcele ihlala ingaphansi kwengcindezi. Kubaluleke kakhulu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Q: Ingabe amabhizinisi amancane angaxoxisana ngempela ngezindleko zokuthutha izimpahla olwandle?
A: Yebo. Umthamo uyasiza, kodwa izinkampani ezincane zisengaxoxisana ngokuthembisa ukuletha njalo, zivumelane nezimo ngezikhathi zazo, noma zenze izibopho zesikhathi eside. Ukusebenza nomthengisi wezimpahla nakho kukunika amandla engeziwe uma uxoxisana.

U: Ingabe i-LCL ibiza kakhulu kune-FCL?
A: Akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. I-LCL ishibhile ngokuthunyelwa okuncane, kodwa uma kuba kukhulu, i-FCL ivame ukuba nezindleko eziphansi ngeyunithi ngayinye. Icebo ukuhlola amavolumu njalo.

Q: Kufanele ngibhukhe isikhathi esingakanani kusengaphambili izimpahla zasolwandle phakathi kweChina ne-US?
A: Amasonto amabili kuya kwamane kusengaphambili ngezikhathi zonyaka ezijwayelekile kanye namasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha kusengaphambili ngezikhathi zonyaka eziphezulu kungcono kakhulu. Ukubhukha kusenesikhathi kuvame ukukunikeza amanani ashibhile nendawo eyengeziwe.

U: Ingabe amazinga ezinkontileka ayingozi uma imakethe yehla?
A: Amanani ezinkontileka agcina izinto zizinzile. Amanani e-spot angase ehle isikhathi esifushane, kodwa izinkontileka zivikela ekukhuphukeni okungazelelwe, okungalimaza kakhulu isabelomali sesikhathi eside.

Q: Iyini izindleko ezifihliwe kakhulu ekuthuthweni olwandle?
A: Ukuboshwa kanye nokunciphisa izindleko kuyizimali ezimbili ezivame kakhulu abantu abazikhohlwayo. Uma izinto zingahambi kahle endaweni oya kuyo, noma yikuphi ukonga okwenzile emananini olwandle kunganyamalala ngokuzumayo.

U: Umshini wokuthutha impahla ofana ne-Topway Shipping unciphisa kanjani izindleko ezingaphezu kwentengo?
A: Abathumeli abangochwepheshe bonga imali ngezindlela eziningi kunokumane babeke amanani. Lokhu bakwenza ngokuhlela imizila, ukukhetha amachweba, ukwazi imithetho yentela, ukulandelela ukuthunyelwa, nokuhlanganisa konke kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Zonke lezi zinto zisiza ekugwemeni ukubambezeleka okubizayo kanye nezinhlawulo.