Lokho Abathumeli Bempahla BaseShayina Abakuphuthayo Ngezidingo Zekhasimende Lase-Italy
Isingeniso
Izinkulungwane zabathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina zifunda kanzima minyaka yonke ukuthi ukuthumela izimpahla e-Italy kudinga okungaphezu nje kokuqasha isitsha nokunyathelisa ilebula. I-Italy iyilungu le-EU, okusho ukuthi imithetho yayo yentela iphakathi kwemithetho eqinile kakhulu emhlabeni. Kunzima ngisho nakubathumeli bangaphandle abanolwazi ukulandela yonke imithetho ngenxa yezinyathelo zokuvikela ukuhweba ezingeni le-EU, izibopho zentela ezithile zase-Italy, kanye nohlelo lokuhlola lwe-Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli, oluba yidijithali kakhulu futhi luqhutshwa idatha.
Esikhathini esiningi, inkinga akuyona into embi. Izinkinga eziningi zamasiko emzileni waseShayina-Italy zivela ekwenzeni izibikezelo. Isibonelo, abantu bacabanga ukuthi ifomethi yedokhumenti eyayisebenza e-US izosebenza e-Italy, ukuthi ikhodi ye-HS esetshenziswe ngonyaka odlule isalungile, nokuthi inani eliphansi elimenyezelwe liyindlela yokonga imali esikhundleni sendlela yokwenza ukukhwabanisa. Ngo-2026, i-EU izosusa umkhawulo we-€150 wamahhala wamaphakheji amancane kusukela ngoJulayi 1. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, intela entsha yokulwa nokulahla impahla ye-ceramic yaseShayina izofinyelela ku-79%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imiphumela yokuthola amaphepha angalungile ayikaze ibe phezulu.
Lesi sihloko sikhuluma ngezinkinga ezinkulu ezenziwa ngabathumeli bezimpahla baseShayina lapho bethumela izimpahla e-Italy, sixoxa ngemithetho eyenza la maphutha abe nokwenzeka, futhi sinikeza amathiphu awusizo okuthi ungathunyelwa kanjani uhlanzekile. Sisebenzisa imithetho yamasiko ye-EU esesikhathini, idatha yokuhweba, kanye nolwazi lwangempela lokuphatha izinto eziwela imingcele emzileni weChina-Europe.
Isimo Sokulawula: I-Italy Ayifani Nezinye Izimakethe
I-United States, iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, kanye neGulf konke kuyimakethe ebalulekile yokuthumela ngaphandle yeShayina, kodwa ayikho neyodwa yazo enemithetho yamasiko eyinkimbinkimbi njengeye-EU. I-Italy ilandela i-Union Customs Code (UCC) ye-EU, eyathatha indima ye-Community Customs Code ngo-2016. I-UCC ibeka isethi ephelele yemithetho yokuthi ingasingathwa kanjani yonke ingeniso yebhizinisi, okuhlanganisa amaphepha, izinqubo, kanye ne-IT. Ngaphezu kwezibopho ze-UCC, i-Italy yengeza izidingo zayo zezimali, okuhlanganisa ukukhokhisa nge-elekthronikhi okuphoqelekile ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-Codice Destinatario (SDI) lwezentengiselwano zezentengiselwano ze-B2B, kanye nengqalasizinda yokuhlonza intela engenalo okulingana ngqo endaweni yokulawula yaseShayina noma yaseMelika.
I-Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli (ADM) isebenzisa amasiko ase-Italy. Isebenzisa uhlelo lwekhompyutha lwe-AIDA ukucubungula izimemezelo nokuhlola idatha kuma-database e-EU ngesikhathi sangempela. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina bayazi ukuthi amasiko ase-Italy awasebenzi ngokuzithandela noma ngokuqonda okuvamile. Uhlelo luzobonisa ngokuzenzakalelayo noma yimaphi amaphepha angekho, angahambisani, noma angalungile, ngisho nangenani elincane. Izimpahla zizogcinwa kuze kube yilapho inkinga isilungisiwe. Ayikho indlela engahlelekile yokuyigwema.
I-Italy kunzima ukwenza ibhizinisi nayo kuneJalimane noma iNetherlands ngezizathu ezimbalwa: Ukucutshungulwa kwempahla yase-Italy kungathatha isikhathi eside ngezikhathi ezimatasa, inethiwekhi yezokuthutha e-Italy iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekuhleleni okuhamba kancane, futhi abathumeli base-Italy bavame ukuba nemithetho ethile yentela mayelana nokufaka ama-invoyisi abathumeli baseShayina abangajwayele ukuyilandela. Ngaphambi kokuba impahla yokuqala isuke eShenzhen noma eShanghai, kufanele uqonde lo mehluko.
Iphutha #1 — Ukuthola Ikhodi Ye-HS Engalungile
Ikhodi ye-Harmonized System (HS) iwulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu kunoma yisiphi isimemezelo samasiko. Ikhodi ikutshela ukuthi yiliphi izinga lentela elisebenzayo, uma izinyathelo zokulwa nokulahla izimpahla ziqaliswa, uma kudingeka uphawu lwe-CE noma esinye isitifiketi, nokuthi ukuthunyelwa kuzokhishwa noma kuzodonswa ukuze kuhlolwe. Futhi lolu ulwazi abathumeli bempahla baseShayina abaluthola lungalungile kunanoma yiluphi olunye.
Ukungacaci uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwaleli phutha. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ikhodi ebanzi enamadijithi angu-4 noma angu-6 lapho amasiko ase-Italy edinga ikhodi ye-EU TARIC enamadijithi angu-8 ukuze ahlukanise kahle into. Uhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu ukuhlukaniswa kabi, okungenziwa ngenhloso noma ngengozi. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umkhiqizo unikezwa ikhodi enesilinganiso sentela esiphansi noma izidingo zokulawula ezimbalwa kunekhodi efanele. Iziphathimandla zamasiko e-Italy nase-EU zigcina izizindalwazi zamanani ezimpahla futhi zihlola njalo amanani kanye nezigaba abantu abazimemezelayo. Isibonelo, ukuthunyelwa kwezibani ze-LED ezamenyezelwa ngaphansi kwekhodi yezingxenye zikagesi eziyisisekelo ngokuvamile kuzomakwa ukuze kubuyekezwe. Lapho izinto zihlelwa kabusha emngceleni, umngenisi kufanele akhokhe hhayi kuphela isilinganiso sentela esifanele kodwa futhi nezinhlawulo ezingaba khona, futhi kwezinye izimo, uphenyo lokudalulwa okungalungile okuhleliwe.
Ngaphambi kokubhukha noma yikuphi ukuthutha, kufanele uhlole inombolo ye-TARIC enezinombolo ezingu-8 yezimpahla ngayinye usebenzisa i-portal ye-Access2Markets yeKhomishini yaseYurophu noma isizindalwazi se-TARIC ngqo. Uma kukhona ukudideka okukhulu ngokuhlukaniswa ngezigaba, njengoba kungavela ngemikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi noma enezinhloso eziningi, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukucela amasiko ase-Italy ukuthi anqume i-Binding Tariff Information (BTI) kusenesikhathi. Isinqumo se-BTI sinikeza ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba okubophayo ngokomthetho amasiko angenakukungabaza kamuva, ngakho-ke akukho kungabaza ngokuphila kwesinqumo.
Iphutha #2 — Ukungabi Namanani Aphelele Kwe-Invoyisi
Ukuze kwehliswe intela kanye nenkokhelo ye-VAT, abantu abanganikezi inani elifanele i-invoyisi bathi inani lentela liphansi kunentengo yangempela yokuthengiselana. Kuphambene nomthetho, kodwa kwenzeka kakhulu kwezinye izingxenye ze-e-commerce ye-China-to-EU. Ngo-2026, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukukugwema.
Amasiko ase-Italy anquma ukuthi kufanele akhokhiswe malini kuye ngenani lemikhiqizo le-CIF (Izindleko, Umshuwalense, Ukuhamba). Lena intengo yezimpahla kanye nezindleko zokuthumela kanye nomshuwalense echwebeni lokungena lase-Italy. Kufanele umemezele ngokunembile zonke lezi zingxenye. I-EU icabanga ukuthi amaphakheji afinyelela ku-65% avela ngaphandle kwe-EU ancishiswa ngamabomu. Ngenxa yalokho, iKhomishini yaseYurophu isheshise izinyathelo zokuphoqelela ngenani elikhulu. Umkhawulo we-€150 ongenayo intela ngeke usasebenza kusukela ngoJulayi 1, 2026. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amapulatifomu e-e-commerce aseShayina awela imingcele aye ehlisa inani lezimpahla ngokuhlelekile. Kusukela ngalolo suku, wonke amaphakheji afika e-Italy, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abiza malini, kuzodingeka adlule kumasiko futhi akhokhe inkokhelo yesilinganiso esilinganiselwe okungenani i-€3 ngephakheji ngalinye.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuthunyelwa kwe-B2B okukhulu, amasiko ase-Italy aqinile kakhulu. I-ADM inezizindalwazi zamanani okubhekisela ezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla eShayina. Uma i-invoyisi iphansi kakhulu kunenani lemakethe elilinganisiwe lalolo hlobo lwempahla, izobonakala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, amasiko angakwazi ukuthola inani lamasiko ngokwawo, okuyinto avame ukuyenza ekugcineni okuphezulu kobubanzi bokubhekisela. Umngenisi-mpahla kufanele akhokhe ibhili yentela ngokusekelwe enanini elisha, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinhlawulo. Uma kuvezwa ukungahloniphi okuhlelekile, umngenisi-mpahla angasolwa ngokukhwabanisa amasiko futhi abhekane namacala obugebengu.
Okuwukuphela kwento efanele okufanele yenziwe ukubika inani eliqondile lentengiselwano njengoba kuboniswe ku-invoyisi yezentengiselwano. Uma intengo iphansi ngempela ngoba umthengisi wezimpahla ungumkhiqizi noma ngenxa yesaphulelo esikhulu, isimo sebhizinisi esinjalo kufanele sibhalwe kahle futhi sitholakale uma siceliwe. Ukungabi namanani aphelele akuyona indlela yokonga imali; yisikweletu okumele sikhokhwe, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi esibi kakhulu.
Iphutha #3 — Inkinga Yenombolo ye-EORI
Inombolo Yokubhaliswa Nokuhlonza Abaqhubi Bezomnotho (i-EORI) iyindlela edingekayo ye-EU yokuhlonza noma yiliphi ibhizinisi elenza ibhizinisi ngaphesheya kwemingcele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi liyangenisa, liyathumela kwamanye amazwe, noma lisebenza njengomthwali. Uma isimemezelo sentela singenayo inombolo ye-EORI evumelekile, izinto zizomiswa emngceleni. Akukho okuhlukile kubangenisi bokuqala, akukho sikhathi somusa, futhi akukho ndlela yokukugwema ngokungahlelekile. I-Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli iphethe ukubhaliswa kwe-EORI e-Italy. Inombolo iqala ngo-“IT” futhi ilandelwa inombolo ye-VAT yase-Italy yomngenisi (i-Partita IVA).
Abathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina bavame ukwenza iphutha lokucabanga ukuthi ukuthobela imithetho ye-EORI kungumthwalo womthengi e-Italy. Lokho kuyiqiniso ngokwesayensi ngokuthunyelwa kwe-DAP (Delivered At Place) noma kwe-EXW: umngenisi werekhodi uphethe ukubhaliswa kwabo kwe-EORI. Kodwa iningi labathumeli bangaphandle base-Italy abancane nabaphakathi abakahloli isimo sabo se-EORI ngendlela efanele, ikakhulukazi uma bebethembele emkhawulweni we-€150 wokuthumela izinto ezincane. Kusukela ngoDisemba 2024, ngisho nabantu abazimele abaletha izinto zabo e-EU nge-Italy bazodinga i-EORI noma ikhodi yezimali evumelekile ukuze badlule emithwalweni ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Lapho umthengi wase-Italy engajwayele ukubhekana nemithwalo, umthengisi ongahloli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-EORI esebenzayo ikhona ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ngezinye izikhathi ugcina elinde imithwalo echwebeni laseGenoa futhi eqoqa imali yokugcina yansuku zonke.
Isixazululo esilula ukuhlola inombolo ye-EORI yomngenisi ngokushesha ku-EORI Validation Portal yeKhomishini yaseYurophu ngaphambi kokulungiselela noma yikuphi ukuthunyelwa. Ukuthunyelwa akufanele kuthunyelwe kuze kube yilapho umngenisi wase-Italy ethola i-EORI esebenzayo. Izinkampani ezingaphandle kwe-EU ezingenayo irejista yebhizinisi lase-Italy zingaqasha uMmeli Wezentela Ongaqondile, okuyibhizinisi elibhalisiwe e-Italy futhi elinomthwalo wemfanelo wamasiko egameni labo. Lo muntu angabasiza ukuthola i-EORI nokuqedela izimemezelo zokungenisa. Lesi sivumelwano sibaluleke kakhulu kubathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina abathumela i-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), okusho ukuthi banesibopho sokuhlanza amasiko e-Italy.
Iphutha #4 — Ukumakwa kwe-CE okungekho kanye nokuhambisana nomkhiqizo
Ilebula le-CE alisho ukuthi noma yini isezingeni eliphezulu. Kuyisibopho esisemthethweni ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezane nazo zonke izindinganiso zezempilo, ukuphepha, kanye nezemvelo ze-EU. Lesi ngesinye sezingxenye ezingaqondwa kahle kakhulu zemithetho ye-EU yabathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina. Ukuthi umkhiqizo unesitembu se-CE akusho ukuthi usezingeni elihle. Kumane kusho ukuthi umenzi uwuhlolile ngokumelene nemithetho ye-EU futhi wathi uyahlangabezana nayo. Ngaphambi kokuba uphawu lwe-CE lubekwe ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemikhiqizo elawulwayo, inhlangano eqinisekisiwe yeqembu lesithathu eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Notified Body kumele ihlole ukuthi iyahambisana yini.
Izigaba zemikhiqizo ezidinga isitifiketi se-CE ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuthunyelweni kwe-China e-Italy yimishini kagesi neye-elekthronikhi (i-Low Voltage Directive), imishini, amathoyizi, imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu, amadivayisi ezokwelapha, kanye nemishini yomsakazo. Umthethonqubo Wokuphepha Komkhiqizo Ojwayelekile we-EU (GPSR 2023/988/EU) unikeze ukubhekwa kwemakethe amandla engeziwe kusukela ngoDisemba 2024. Manje sebengakwazi ukubamba ukuthunyelwa emngceleni kuze kube yilapho intela ikukhulula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma imibhalo yokuthobela i-CE ingekho, ukuthunyelwa kungadlula esigabeni sokuhlolwa kwentela futhi kusagcinwe ukubhekwa kwemakethe. Yonke imikhiqizo elawulwayo noma ukupakishwa kwayo kumele futhi manje ikhulume ngoMuntu Onomthwalo Wemfanelo we-EU, inhlangano esemthethweni ese-EU ethatha umthwalo wemfanelo wokuthobela komkhiqizo egameni lomenzi ongeyona i-EU.
Abathumeli bezimpahla baseShayina abenza izimpahla zezimakethe zase-Italy noma zase-EU futhi abangenazo izinhlelo zokuthobela imithetho ye-CE bazifaka engozini yokungaphezu nje kokuthunyelwa sekwephuzile. Basengozini yokuthi izimpahla zabo zenqatshwe futhi zibuyiselwe ngezindleko zabo, kubhujiswe impahla, futhi kulimaze ubudlelwano babo bebhizinisi nabathengi babo base-Italy, okuzodingeka babhekane nezijeziso emngceleni wase-Italy.
Iphutha #5 — Ukudideka i-EUR.1 nesitifiketi esifanele somsuka
Akukho sivumelwano sokuhweba samahhala phakathi kweShayina ne-EU. Abathumeli bempahla abaningi baseShayina abaqapheli noma abanandaba nalokhu uma belungiselela amaphepha abo okuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe.
Isitifiketi sokunyakaza kwe-EUR.1 uhlobo olukhethekile lwesitifiketi sokuqala esikuvumela ukuthi ukhokhe intela ephansi ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zokuhweba zamahhala ze-EU. Sisebenza ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe avela emazweni anesivumelwano sokuhweba samahhala (i-FTA) ne-EU. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amanye amazwe aseMedithera namazwe asathuthuka azuza ku-Generalized Scheme of Preferences ye-EU. Lolo hlu alufaki iShayina. Ukuthumela isitifiketi se-EUR.1 sempahla evela eShayina eya e-Italy akugcini nje ngokungalungile, kodwa futhi kusho ngamanga ukuthi imikhiqizo ivelaphi, okuwukukhwabanisa kwentela okungaholela ekuhlolweni kabusha kwentela kanye nezinhlawulo.
Esikhundleni salokho, abathumeli baseShayina kufanele bathole isitifiketi semvelaphi esingakhethi esivela ku-China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) noma ekamelweni lezentengiselwano eligunyaziwe. Lo mbhalo awukuniki noma yiliphi izinga lentela elikhethekile, ngoba alikho lezimpahla zaseShayina ngaphansi kwamazinga ajwayelekile e-EU TARIC. Kodwa-ke, ukhomba kahle izwe lemvelaphi, okudingekayo ekubaleni intela efanele, ekunqumeni intela yokulwa nokulahla impahla, kanye nokugcina idatha yokuhweba. Uma izinto zisesigabeni somkhiqizo esingaphansi kwezinyathelo ze-ADD noma ukubhekwa kwemvelaphi, amasiko ase-Italy azocela lokho. Ukuba nayo isilungile futhi iyatholakala ngaphambi kokuba umkhumbi ufike kuvimbela ukubambezeleka kokususwa.
Iphutha #6 — Ukungazinaki Imisebenzi Yokulwa Nokulahla Impahla
Imithelo yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla (ADD) ingenye yezinto ezimangazayo kakhulu kubathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina abangazange baqede ucwaningo lwabo. Lapho uphenyo luthola ukuthi izinto ezithile ezivela eShayina zinikezwa ngamanani angaphansi kwenani elifanele lemakethe futhi ngezindlela ezilimaza imikhakha yendawo ye-EU, i-EU ikhokhisa intela eyengeziwe kulokho kungeniswa. Lezi zimali zengezwa ngaphezu kwamanani ajwayelekile e-TARIC futhi zingaba phezulu kakhulu.
NgoFebhuwari 2026, i-EU yabeka intela yokugcina yokulwa nokulahla udoti engu-79% ezitsheni zetafula zaseShayina kanye nasezitsheni zasekhishini. Lokhu kwakhushulwa kusuka emananini angaphambilini omuntu ngamunye, ahluka kusuka ku-13% kuya ku-36%. Umuntu owayethengisa izinkomishi ze-ceramic e-Italy wayecabanga ukuthi kuzodingeka akhokhe inani elifanayo lentela yokungenisa njengabo bonke abanye. Manje kufanele akhokhe cishe ngokuphindwe kathathu. Izinto zensimbi, amaphaneli elanga, amabhayisikili e-elekthronikhi, kanye nohlu olukhulayo lwezinye izinto nazo zingaphansi kwemithetho efanayo ye-ADD. Ngo-2025 nango-2026, i-EU nayo yaqinisa uphenyo lwayo. Ngo-Agasti 2025, bathola ubufakazi obaholela emananini esikhashana emalini emnandi egciniwe evela eShayina. Lezi zindleko zaqinisekiswa maphakathi no-2026.
Ngaphambi kokunikeza umthengi wase-Italy noma wase-EU isilinganiso sokugcina sokuthumela ngaphandle, umthengisi kufanele ahlole isizindalwazi se-TARIC hhayi nje kuphela izinga lentela elijwayelekile kodwa nanoma yiziphi izinyathelo ze-ADD, intela eziphikisanayo, noma zokuvikela ezisebenza ezimpahleni ezivela e-China. Kwezinye izimo, lezi zinyathelo ziqondene ngqo nemikhiqizo ethile kanye nabakhiqizi. Isibonelo, abanye abakhiqizi abasebenze nophenyo lwe-EU bangase babe nezinga lentela eliphansi kunezinga likazwelonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isheke kudingeka libe liphelele, hhayi nje ngokushesha.
| Isigaba somkhiqizo | Isilinganiso Sokwengeza (eShayina) | Usuku oluphumelelayo | amanothi |
| Izitsha zokudlala ze-ceramic kanye nezitsha zasekhishini | 79% (ezweni lonke) | 7 Feb 2026 | Kukhuphuke kusukela ku-13–36% ngaphambili; kusebenza iminyaka emi-5 |
| Imikhiqizo yensimbi (ehlukahlukene) | Iyahlukahluka ngomkhiqizo | Okuqhubekayo | Izindlela eziningi zokuvikela ze-EU kanye ne-ADD ezisebenzayo |
| Amaphaneli elanga / imikhiqizo ye-photovoltaic | Iyahluka | Okuqhubekayo | Kuncike ekubuyekezweni okuqhubekayo kokuvikela ukuhweba |
| Ummbila omnandi ogciniwe | Imisebenzi eqondile (ububanzi obungu-10–50%) | Mid-2026 | Kuqinisekisiwe ngemuva kophenyo lwe-EU; imithwalo yesikhashana ebekwe ngo-Agasti 2025 |
| Amabhayisikili e-elekthronikhi (izigaba ezithile) | Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi | Okuqhubekayo | Hlola izizindalwazi ze-EU TARIC kanye ne-OLAF ukuze uthole amanani athile abakhiqizi |
Imithombo: Ijenali Esemthethweni ye-EU, Izibuyekezo Zokuhweba Nezentela zase-Amfori, Iqembu Lokusekela Amasiko, isizindalwazi se-EU TARIC, u-Ephreli 2026.
Iphutha #7 — Ukubukela phansi i-VAT yase-Italy kanye nobunzima bezimali
Uma izimpahla zifika e-Italy zivela ngaphandle kwe-EU, i-VAT ikhokhiswa emngceleni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimiphi imigomo yokuthengisa. Inani le-CIF lemikhiqizo kanye nenkokhelo yokungenisa efanele yilokho i-VAT esuselwe kukho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-VAT yengezwa enteleni, hhayi nje kuphela inani lezinto. Lokhu kudala isibopho esikhulu sokuhamba kwemali kubathumeli abaningi baseShayina abathumela i-DDP, futhi abakuqapheli noma abakuhleleli kahle ngesilinganiso esijwayelekile samaphesenti angama-22. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa amazinga e-VAT ahlukene e-Italy ezinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo.
| I-VAT Rate | ubende | Izigaba Zomkhiqizo Ezijwayelekile |
| Izinga elijwayelekile | 22% | Izinto zikagesi, izingubo, ifenisha, imishini, izimpahla eziningi ezikhiqizwe |
| Izinga elehlisiwe | 10% | Ukudla okuthile, izinsiza, ezinye izinsizakalo zokwakha |
| Izinga elincishiswe kakhulu | 5% | Izimpahla ezithile zezempilo nezibalulekile |
| Isilinganiso esincane | 4% | Ukudla okuyisisekelo, izincwadi, imithi, izincwadi zesikole |
Umthombo: I-Italian Revenue Agency (Agenzia delle Entrate), imithetho ye-VAT ye-EU yase-Italy, Ephreli 2026.
Ngaphezu kokuthola i-VAT, ukuthunyelwa kwe-B2B kubathengi base-Italy kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngentela. Kuzo zonke izinkokhelo ze-B2B ngaphakathi e-Italy, amabhizinisi kumele asebenzise uhlelo lwe-invoyisi kagesi lwe-Sistema di Interscambio (SDI). Lapho bethenga izimpahla kwamanye amazwe, abathengi base-Italy bangacela ukuthi i-invoyisi yezentengiselwano yomhlinzeki ifake i-Codice Destinatario yabo, okuyikhodi ye-SDI yomzila wesistimu yabo ye-invoyisi kagesi. Lokhu akuyona imfuneko yamasiko e-EU, kodwa uma ungayilandeli, kungenza kube nzima kumthengi wase-Italy ukuthola i-VAT yakhe futhi kubangele izinkinga ebudlelwaneni bebhizinisi.
Izinkampani ezivela ngaphandle kwe-EU ezithutha i-DDP ziye e-Italy futhi ezingenayo irejista yebhizinisi lase-Italy kumele ziqashe ummeleli wezezimali, okuyinhlangano ebhalisiwe endaweni enesibopho sezidingo ze-VAT yase-Italy. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuqedwe ukubuyiselwa kwe-VAT yokungenisa nokuthola i-VAT yokufaka uma zifanelekile. Lesi yimfuneko esemthethweni, akuyona inketho yokuphatha. Uma ungenayo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kokuqala kwe-DDP, ungase ubekwe icala, okungaba nzima futhi kubize ukuphuma kuyo.
Iphutha #8 — Ukulahlekelwa yiSimemezelo Sokufingqa Kokungena se-ICS2
Kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2025, i-EU's Import Control System 2 (ICS2) Release 2 ibilokhu isebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuthutha ezingena e-EU, ngisho nempahla yasolwandle. Ngaphambi kokuba impahla ilayishwe endizeni noma emkhunjini we- impahla yasolwandle, I-ICS2 idinga ukuthi kwenziwe iSimemezelo Sokufingqa (i-ENS) nge-elekthronikhi. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba umkhumbi ufike echwebeni lokuqala le-EU. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-ENS kumele ifakwe futhi ivunywe ngaphambi kokuba umkhumbi ufike emachwebeni okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe usuka eShayina uye eGenoa noma kwamanye amachweba ase-Italy.
Uma ukuqinisekiswa kwe-ICS2 kwehluleka, inkampani, umthengisi wezimpahla, noma umngenisi ngeke akwazi ukushintsha umyalelo wokuthi ungalayishi noma ungalayishi. Asikho isikhathi sokulungisa idatha engaphelele noma ukwenza okuhlukile. Okungenani, i-ENS kufanele yazi incazelo efanele yezimpahla, ikhodi ye-HS ezingeni lezinombolo eziyi-6, izwe elivela kulo, i-EORI yomthumeli, kanye nolwazi lomthumeli. Izincazelo ezingacacile kakhulu noma ezijwayelekile, njenge-"impahla ejwayelekile" noma "izimpahla ezahlukahlukene," ngeke zisavunyelwa futhi zizoholela ekutheni isimemezelo siphumelele ekuqinisekisweni.
Abathumeli bezimpahla baseShayina kudingeka banikeze umthengisi wezimpahla noma umthengisi wezimpahla ozophatha ulwazi olunembile noluphelele lokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla e-Italy kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba impahla ilayishwe eShayina. Awukwazi ukuthumela uhlu lokupakisha olungacacile ngemva kokuba umkhumbi usuhambile. Noma yimuphi umlingani wezokuthutha ongaqinisekisi ngenkuthalo ukuthi izimpahla eziboshelwe yi-EU zilandela imithetho ye-ICS2 ubeka amakhasimende akhe engozini yokubambezeleka isikhathi eside.
Ukubhekisela Okusheshayo: Amaphutha Avamile Ngokushesha
| Iphutha Elivamile | Kwenzekani Ngempela | Ungayilungisa kanjani |
| Ikhodi ye-HS engalungile noma engacacile | Ifulegi lentela elizenzakalelayo; ukuhlolwa kabusha kwentela; ukuhlolwa okungenzeka | Sebenzisa isizindalwazi se-EU TARIC ukuqinisekisa ikhodi enezinombolo ezingu-8 ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ngakunye |
| Ukungabi namanani aphelele kwe-invoyisi | Ukuthunyelwa kubanjwe; ukuhlolwa kabusha kwe-CIF okugcwele; izinhlawulo kanye nophenyo lokukhwabanisa | Memezela inani langempela lokuthengiselana okuhlanganisa impahla kanye nomshuwalense |
| Inombolo ye-EORI engekho noma engavumelekile | Izimpahla zivinjelwe emngceleni; izimali zokugcina zansuku zonke ziyaqoqana | Bhalisa ku-Agenzia delle Dogane ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kokuqala; qinisekisa ku-portal ye-EU |
| Awekho amadokhumenti okuhambisana nokumakwa kwe-CE/angekho | Ukuboshwa kokubhekwa kwemakethe; izimpahla zenqatshwa noma zibuyiselwe | Thola iSimemezelo Sokuhambisana ne-EU kanye nophawu lwe-CE ngaphambi kokuthumela ngaphandle |
| Isitifiketi se-EUR.1 sithunyelwe (asivumelekile eShayina) | Isimangalo somsebenzi wokukhetha senqatshiwe; kusetshenziswe izinga elijwayelekile le-TARIC | Sebenzisa isitifiketi somsuka esingakhethi (i-CCPIT noma igumbi elikhishwe) |
| Akukho sifinyezo sokungena ngaphambi kokufika (ukungalandeli imithetho kwe-ICS2) | Imiyalelo yokuthi ungalayishi ikhishwe ngaphambi kokuhamba; ukuthunyelwa kumisiwe | Isimemezelo Sokufingqa Ifayela (i-ENS) ngaphambi kokufika komkhumbi njengoba kudingeka yi-ICS2 |
| Ukunganaki imisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla | Izindleko ezinkulu zentela ezingalindelekile; izinhlawulo; isinyathelo somthetho ngokumelene nomngenisi | Hlola i-EU TARIC ukuze uthole amanani e-ADD kumkhiqizo wakho othize ngaphambi kokucaphuna abathengi |
Leli thebula linikeza umbono osheshayo kuphela. Njalo qinisekisa izidingo zamanje nomthengisi wezimpahla wase-Italy onelayisensi noma umthengisi wezimpahla ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.
Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kwe-Topway Okusiza Ngayo Abathumeli Bempahla BaseShayina Ukukwenza Kahle
I-Topway Shipping, eseShenzhen, ibilokhu ingumhlinzeki onekhono wezixazululo ze-e-commerce logistics ezivela emingceleni kusukela ngo-2010. Bayazi yonke i-China-Europe logistics chain ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ithimba elisungule lineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 yesipiliyoni ekuphathweni kwe-logistics nakwamanye amazwe kanye nokususwa kwezimpahla. I-Topway isungule izinhlelo zokusingatha zonke izinyathelo zenqubo, kusukela ekuthatheni izimpahla ezimbonini zaseShayina kuya ekuzigcineni kwamanye amazwe, ekususeni izimpahla, kanye nokuziletha endaweni yazo yokugcina.
I-Topway iphatha kokubili izinsizakalo zokuthutha zasolwandle ezithwala umthwalo ogcwele (i-FCL) kanye nomthwalo ongaphansi kwesitsha (i-LCL) ezivela emachwebeni amakhulu aseShayina kuya eGenoa, eLa Spezia, kanye nezinye izindlela zase-Italy ezigudle umzila waseShayina-Italy. Kodwa ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla kuyisici esisodwa nje sesithombe. Okuhlukanisa ngempela i-Topway ulwazi lwezimpahla zasekhaya olunikeza ukuthunyelwa ngakunye. Ithimba lihlola amakhodi e-HS ngokumelene nesizindalwazi se-EU TARIC, isimo sokubhaliswa kwe-EORI ohlangothini lwase-Italy, izidingo zokuthobela i-CE zesigaba somkhiqizo, kanye nezimemezelo zokufingqa zokungena ngaphambi kokufakwa ukuze amasiko ase-Italy aqale ukucubungula impahla ngaphambi kokuba umkhumbi ufike. Le nqubo yokubuyekeza ngaphambi kokuhamba akuyona nje inqubo. Yilokho okwenza ukuthunyelwa kucace emahoreni angama-24 kuya kwangu-48 kuhluke ezimpahleni ezihlala eGenoa amasonto amabili futhi kuqoqwe imali yokugcina.
I-Topway ingenza isibuyekezo sokuthobela imithetho ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwabathengisi baseShayina abasanda kufika emakethe yase-Italy noma abaye baba nezinkinga ngemithetho yamasiko ekuthunyelweni kwangaphambilini. Lokhu kubuyekezwa kubheka amaphepha akho, ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo, kanye nokulungela komthengi wase-Italy ukukhokha intela ngaphambi kokuba uzibophezele kunoma yikuphi ukuthunyelwa kwempahla. Ngo-2026, lapho imithetho iba lukhuni, akuyona into yokunethezeka ukuba nomlingani wezokuthutha owazi kokubili izinhlangothi zokuthunyelwa kwempahla eShayina kanye nokungeniswa kwempahla e-Italy. Kugcina izinto zakho zihamba futhi amakhasimende akho ejabule.
Isiphetho
Amasiko ase-Italy akuyona imakethe enzima kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kodwa ajezisa abantu abangalungiseleli ngokushesha nangokhahlo. Amaphutha abhalwe kulesi sihloko—amakhodi e-HS angalungile, ama-invoyisi angabalulekile, izinombolo ze-EORI ezingekho, amadokhumenti e-CE angekho, izitifiketi zokuqala ezinganembile, izindleko zokulwa nokulahla izimpahla ezingafanele, i-VAT engaphansi, kanye nezikhala zokuthobela imithetho ye-ICS2—akuzona izimo ezingavamile. Lezi yizinto abathumeli bempahla baseShayina ababhekana nazo nsuku zonke lapho beya e-Italy besebenzisa amaphepha afanayo abawasebenzisela ezinye izimakethe.
Imithetho ka-2026 yenza kube nzima ukulandela imithetho, hhayi lula. Umkhawulo we-€150 ongakhokhiswa intela uzophela ngoJulayi 1, futhi manje sekukhona amanani okulwa nokulahla izimpahla amaphesenti angu-79 ezintweni zobumba zaseShayina. I-ICS2 izosetshenziswa ngokugcwele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhamba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhwalithi yamadokhumenti manje iyisidingo sebhizinisi esibalulekile, hhayi nje inqubo yokuthutha. Konke ukuthunyelwa okugcinwe eGenoa noma eNaples kulahlekelwa yimali yezimali zokugcina, kulimaza ukuxhumana nomthengi wase-Italy, futhi kwezinye izimo kuqala uphenyo olwenza kube nzima ukungena emakethe.
Ngo-2026, abathumeli abaqhuba kahle emzileni waseShayina-Italy bonke banento eyodwa efanayo: baqinisekisa ukuthi amaphepha alungile ngaphambi kokuba ukuthunyelwa kuhambe, futhi babambisana nabalingani bezokuthutha abazi imithetho futhi abangasiza ngaleyo nqubo kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Lokho kutshalwa kwezimali kuzikhokhela izikhathi eziningi ngokugwema ukubambezeleka, izinhlawulo, kanye nokuxhumana kwebhizinisi okuqhubeka nokuba ngcono.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
U: Ingabe abathumeli baseShayina badinga inombolo yabo ye-EORI ukuze bayithumele e-Italy?
A: Uma uthumela i-DDP (Delivered Duty Payed) futhi ungumthumeli werekhodi e-Italy, uzodinga i-EORI ebhaliswe ngamasiko ase-Italy. Njengoba ungenalo ibhizinisi e-EU, ngokuvamile uzothola lokhu ngoMmeli Wentela Ongaqondile noma ummeleli wezezimali. Uma uthumela i-DAP noma i-CIF, umthengi wase-Italy ungumthumeli werekhodi futhi unesibopho sokubhalisa i-EORI yakhe. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uhlole ukuthi iyasebenza ngaphambi kokuthumela ukuthunyelwa.
U: Ingabe isitifiketi se-EUR.1 sisebenza ezimpahleni zaseShayina ezingena e-Italy?
A: Cha. Kwamazwe anezivumelwano zokuhweba ezikhululekile ne-EU, i-EUR.1 iyisitifiketi semvelaphi ethandwayo. Asikho isivumelwano sokuhweba esikhululekile phakathi kweShayina ne-EU. Esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisa isitifiketi semvelaphi esingakhethi esivela ku-CCPIT noma igumbi lezentengiselwano laseShayina elivunyiwe.
U: Ngingayithola kanjani ukuthi umkhiqizo wami ubhekene nezindleko zokulwa nokulahla izimpahla e-Italy?
A: Sebenzisa ikhodi yakho ye-HS enezinombolo ezingu-8 kanye neShayina njengezwe lendabuko ukuze useshe isizindalwazi se-EU TARIC ku-ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/dds2/taric. Isizindalwazi sizobonisa zonke izindlela zokuvikela ukuhweba ezikhona njengamanje, kufaka phakathi i-ADD nezinye izindlela, kanye namanani athile omkhiqizi uma etholakala.
U: Kwenzekani uma izimpahla zami ziphawulwe yi-customs yase-Italy ukuze zihlolwe?
A: Ukuthunyelwa kugcinwa echwebeni lokungena kuze kube yilapho kubuyekezwa. Ezimweni ezilula, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kungathatha usuku olulodwa kuya kwezinhlanu zebhizinisi. Uma amaphepha enganele noma uma kudingeka ucwaningo lochwepheshe, kungathatha isikhathi eside. Nsuku zonke, amanani okugcina eGenoa nakwamanye amachweba ase-Italy ayakhuphuka. Ukuba nomthengisi wezimpahla wase-Italy ofanelekayo noma umthengisi wezimpahla ohlala echwebeni lokungena kusheshisa inqubo yokuxazulula izinkinga kakhulu.
Q: I-Topway Shipping isiza kanjani ngokuthobela imithetho yentela yase-Italy?
A: Ngaphambi kokulayisha noma yiziphi izimpahla eShayina, iTopway ihlola amakhodi e-HS, isimo sokubhaliswa kwe-EORI, izidingo zokumaka i-CE, kanye nemibhalo yokuqala. Ithimba lifaka izitatimende zesifinyezo sokufakwa kusenesikhathi futhi lisebenzisana ngqo nezikhulu zamasiko zase-Italy ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zicacile ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Ungathola izinsizakalo ze-FCL kanye ne-LCL eziya emachwebeni abalulekile ase-Italy, futhi ukuvunyelwa kwamasiko kusingathwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.
