Kungani Izingcaphuno Zezimpahla Ezishibhile Ezivela eShayina Eziya eFrance Zivame Ukusho Ukuthengiselana Okuphakathi Komzila Ongakaze Uvumelane Nakho
Uma imingcele yokuthunyelwa isivele incane kakhulu, isilinganiso sempahla esingaphansi kakhulu kwenani labanye abantu ngokuvamile sizobhukwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Kodwa emzileni oya eChina kuya eFrance ngo-2026, inani elishibhile ngendlela engavamile alilona nje uphawu lokuthumela impahla ngomusa. Isikhathi esiningi kuyinkomba yokuthi umzila ngemuva kwaleyo ntengo une-stop okungenani eyodwa engakaze ishiwo yiphepha lesilinganiso. Impahla ebonakala sengathi ihamba ngqo isuka eShenzhen noma eNingbo iya eLe Havre empeleni ingadlula echwebeni elikhulu, imikhumbi yokudlulisa, iphindwe ifakwe epalethini endaweni yokugcina impahla eboshiwe, bese ekugcineni iya endaweni yayo yaseFrance. Lokhu akukhona okungekho emthethweni, noma okungajwayelekile. Okuxakayo ukuthi abagibeli abavamile kangakanani ukuxwayiswa ngakho ngaphambi kokuba basayine.
Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi ukudluliselwa phakathi nomzila kusebenza kanjani ngempela kule ndawo, ukuthi kungani kuvame kakhulu ngo-2026 kunaseminyakeni ezolile, ukuthi kubiza malini umthumeli ngesikhathi futhi kuyingozi ngisho noma izinga lesihloko libukeka lihle, nokuthi ungalichaza kanjani ikhotheshini ukuze imilenze efihliwe ibonakale ngaphambi kokuba isitsha siphume echwebeni.
Ukwakheka Kwesisho 'Esiqondile' Esingesona
Iningi lezilinganiso zempahla yasolwandle esuka eShayina iya eFrance zizofaka phakathi ichweba lokusuka, ichweba lokuya kanye nesikhathi sokuhamba. Lokho abavame ukungakuhlanganisi uhlelo lwangempela lomkhumbi wenkampani, olungaba nocingo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu oluphakathi ngaphambi kokuba impahla ifike endaweni yaseFrance. Ukuqinisekiswa kwethikithi kungase kusho ukuthi 'iShenzhen iya eLe Havre, izinsuku ezingu-38', kodwa uchungechunge lwangempela lomkhumbi ludlula eSingapore bese kuba yiRotterdam lapho ibhokisi likhishwa khona bese lilayishwa kabusha kwinsizakalo yokuphakelayo ukuze kufike umzila wokugcina omfushane olwandle oluya eFrance.
Lokhu kuyinto evamile kulo lonke imboni, futhi akuyona inkinga ngokwayo. Inkinga ukuthi isilinganiso esiphansi ngokuvamile singesesikhala esiqashiwe esinomshini wokufaka izimpahla komunye umuntu hhayi isevisi eqondile yokuthwala impahla, kanti umthwalo oqashiwe onomshini wokufaka izimpahla ungowokuqala ukubhajwa, uhanjiswe kabusha noma ugingqiwe uye ekugingqini kamuva lapho umthamo uba mfushane. Umthumeli okhokha izinga elishibhile empeleni, wamukela isimo esiphansi sokubaluleka, ngaphandle kokwaziswa ukuthi yilokho akwenzayo.
| Ingxenye | Lokho Okushoyo Lesi Sisho | Lokho Okuvame Ukwenzeka Ngempela |
| Ichweba elivela eShayina | Umkhumbi oqondile oya eFrance | Isikebhe sokuphakelayo siye esikhungweni sesifunda kuqala |
| Umlenze wolwandle | Umthwali oyedwa, ibhili elilodwa lomthwalo | Indawo eqashwe yi-slot kumugqa wozakwethu, ibhukwe kabusha ngesikhathi esifushane |
| Ichweba lokufika laseYurophu | I-Le Havre noma i-Marseille ngqo | I-Rotterdam, i-Antwerp, noma i-Hamburg, bese kuba ukuhamba olwandle noma ngesitimela kuqhubeke |
| Umlenze wangaphakathi | Iloli lithunyelwe ngqo kumuntu othunyelwe | Kuhlukaniswe eqenjini endaweni yokugcina impahla eboshiwe, kuphinde kufakwe i-pallet, bese kuthuthwa ngeloli |
| Imvume yokuba okuthile kwenzeke | Kusulwe kanye lapho uya khona | Kusulwe echwebeni lehabhu, bese kuphinda kubhalwe kabusha ekungeneni kokugcina |
Akukho nakunye kwalokhu kudluliselwa okungalungile ngokwemvelo. Ukuhlanganiswa ngehabhu kungaba yindlela ephumelela kakhulu yemithwalo engaphansi kwesitsha, futhi ukususwa kabusha endaweni ephakathi kungaveza amaphutha amaphepha ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphambi kokuba abe ubunzima obukhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Inkinga yangempela ukunqamuka phakathi kwesilinganiso nomzila. Lokho kunqamuka yilapho ukubambezeleka, izindleko ezengeziwe, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuxhumana kuvame ukuba khona.
Kungani u-2026 Ekwenza Lokhu Kube Okuvame Kakhulu, Kungabi Kancane
Kulo nyaka, kwahlangana izingcindezi eziningi ukuze kuphoqelelwe imithwalo eminingi ukuba ihambe ngendlela ejikelezayo, ngisho nalapho abathengisi becabanga ukuthi babhuke okuthile okulula.
Ukuhamba ngemikhumbi eminingi manje kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14 ngaphezulu kunezinhlelo zangaphambilini zeSuez ngenxa yobunzima obuqhubekayo oLwandle Olubomvu naseStrait of Hormuz, okuqhubeka nokuphoqelela ukushintsha umzila ezungeze iCape of Good Hope. Izinkampani zemikhumbi zisabela kulelo banga elengeziwe ngokuhlela kabusha izinsizakalo futhi enye impendulo ethandwayo ukuhlanganisa uchungechunge lokujikeleza kwesifunda lube yinani elincane lezintambo ezinde ezibiza ezindaweni ezibalulekile zasenyakatho yeYurophu ngaphambi kokudlulisela imithwalo emachwebeni amancane ngesikebhe sokudla noma isikebhe esifushane. Lokhu kuguqulwa kabusha kunomthelela oqondile eFrance, ethola ingxenye enkulu yobuningi bayo evela eShayina ngeLe Havre neMarseille, kodwa futhi nangamanye amachweba afana neRotterdam, i-Antwerp neHamburg njengezindawo zokungena zesibili.
Okwamanje, ukuminyana kwechweba ezindaweni ezinkulu zaseShayina njengeShanghai, iNingbo-Zhoushan, iShenzhen kanye neQingdao kuqhubeke nokudlula amazinga ajwayelekile ngaphambi kuka-2026, kanye nokubambezeleka kwezinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-10 lapho usuka. Ngokuvamile umkhumbi obambezeleka efasiteleni lawo lokuhamba elihleliwe ngoba ulinde indawo yokulala uvame ukuphuthelwa yisevisi yawo yokuxhuma echwebeni elilandelayo, okungadinga umjikelezo ogcwele wesikebhe, ngokuvamile isonto noma ngaphezulu, ngaphambi kokuba impahla ihlanganiswe nensizakalo eya eFrance.
Bese kuba khona ukuhamba ngomkhumbi ongenalutho, lapho inkampani ethwala izimpahla ikhansela uhambo lokuhamba ngomkhumbi olwalumenyezelwe ngaphambilini ukuze kugcinwe umthamo ophelele ulawulwa. Ukuthunyelwa okubhukiwe emzileni oqondile kungase kubangele ukuthi leyo nsizakalo ikhanselwe ngesaziso esifushane futhi isipele senkampani ethwala izimpahla ngokuvamile siwukuphonsa lowo mthwalo kunoma yisiphi isikhala esitholakalayo okuvame ukuba yindlela yokudlulisa umkhumbi kunokuba kube yindlela eqondile efana neyakho.
Izindleko Ezifihliwe Akuzona Imali Njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi Isikhathi Nokubonakala
Isilinganiso sempahla eqondile edlula echwebeni eliphakathi singase sibe nomthelela omncane noma singabi nazindleko nhlobo, uma nje umuntu othumela impahla edla umehluko. Izindleko eziphakeme zivame ukuvela kwezinye izindawo ezimbili: ukuqinisekiswa kwesikhathi kanye nokubonakala kokulandelela.
Ngokwesikhathi esibekiwe, idatha yomqhubi we-China to France DDP marine lane iveza ukuthi ngaphezu kuka-91% wezimpahla ezithunyelwa emnyango nomnyango zifika efasiteleni lezinsuku ezingu-45 kuya kwezingu-55, ngephesenti eliphansi, cishe u-7%, ezinsukwini ezingu-55 kuya kwezingu-65, kanye no-2% ezinsukwini ezingu-65 noma ngisho ezingu-75. Lowo msila omude wenziwe ngokungalingani ngezimpahla ezithola ukudluliselwa okungalindelekile, isixhumanisi esilahlekile, noma umcimbi wokukhishwa kabusha echwebeni eliphakathi. Umthumeli ocaphune ekugcineni okuphansi kobubanzi futhi ogcina kulowo msila usebe nekhono lokusebenzisa amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu emali yokusebenza eboshwe ekuthuthweni, okubaluleke kakhulu efenisha, imishini yokuzivocavoca, izinto zikagesi kanye nezinye izimpahla ezinkulu lapho amanani eyunithi ephezulu khona futhi indawo yokugcina izinto endaweni evamise ukulungiselelwa kusengaphambili ifasitela elithile lokulethwa.
| Iphethini Yomzila | Ukuhamba Okujwayelekile Komnyango Nomnyango (2026) | Lapho Isikhathi Silahlekile Khona |
| Ucingo oluqondile, eShenzhen/Shanghai ukuya eLe Havre | Cishe izinsuku ezingama-45 kuya kwezingama-55, cishe ama-91% okuthunyelwa | Isikhathi sokuthula phakathi nolwandle sezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-14, kanye nokuhlolwa kokufaka kwe-ICS2 |
| Ukuthunyelwa ngeRotterdam/Antwerp | Izinsuku ezingama-55 kuya kwezingama-65 cishe ezingama-7% okuthunyelwa | Ukushayela imbobo eyengeziwe, ukubuyiselwa kwesitsha, ukulinda okungenzeka kwe-berth |
| Ukudluliselwa kwempahla okuningi noma ukugoqwa | Izinsuku ezingama-65 kuya kwezingama-75 cishe ku-2% wokuthunyelwa | Ukuxhumeka kwe-feeder okuphuthelwe, ukubambezeleka komjikelezo ogcwele wesikebhe, ukususwa kabusha |
Ngokuphathelene nokubonakala, umzila ongaqondile uvame ukuholela ezikhaleni eziningi kusikhathi sokulandelela, kunokuba kube mbalwa. Njalo lapho umthwalo udluliselwa kusuka komunye umkhumbi uye komunye kuba nesikhathi lapho isimo sesitsha "sihamba phakathi kwezikhungo" ngaphandle kokubuyekezwa okuhlanganisiwe futhi yonke imicimbi eyengeziwe yokukhishwa kwempahla echwebeni eliphakathi nendawo kungenye indawo lapho amadokhumenti angahlala khona ngaphandle kwezaziso zesikhathi sangempela kumuntu othumelayo. Ekuhambeni komkhumbi ngqo kuba nesigaba sokuthula esivamile phakathi nolwandle sezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi nane lapho ukuvuselelwa kuphela kuyindawo yesathelayithi ye-AIS, kodwa emzileni onezinyawo eziningi lokhu kuba izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu zokuthula ezihlukene.
Ibhokisi Elimnyama Lokucacisa Amasiko Liyakhula Ngokunikezwa Konke
Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2025, zonke izinhlobo zokuhamba kuzodingeka zithumele iSimemezelo Sokufingqa Ngaphansi Kohlelo Lokulawula Ukungenisa 2, ngokuhambisana nayo yonke i-European Union kanye neFrance. Imfuneko enzima namuhla ukuthola ifayela lilungile ngaphambi kokuba umkhumbi ufike, ngezincazelo zomkhiqizo ezinembile, amakhodi e-HS kanye nemininingwane yeqembu, kanye nokufakwa okunganele kungaholela ekubanjweni okugcwele phakathi nesikhathi sokulethwa.
Ukufaka okukodwa, umthengisi oyedwa, iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka lapho ukuthunyelwa kudlula endaweni eyodwa yokuphatha amasiko. Uma kukhona ukudluliselwa, ake sithi ngeRotterdam ngaphambi kokuqhubekela ekhelini lesiFulentshi, kungaba khona indawo yokuxhumana yamasiko eyengeziwe echwebeni lesikhungo noma ngabe impahla isendleleni futhi ingangeniswanga ngokusemthethweni lapho. Uma umthumeli kulowo mlenze esebenzisa umthengisi ohlukile kunalowo owenza imvume yaseFrance, khona-ke umthumeli manje usethembele emaqenjini amabili ahlukene ukuze axhumane ngolwazi ngokunembile nangesikhathi. Isicelo esiqinile seFrance se-EU Common External Tariff kumakhodi e-HS angahlelwanga kahle kakade singenye yezizathu eziyinhloko zokulibaziseka kwamasiko kulo mzila. Engeza indawo yokuxhumana yesibili yokuxhumana engxubeni, kanye namathuba okungafani kwedokhumenti okubangela ukwanda kokubanjwa kwempahla ngesilinganiso.
Yilapho inani lomthengisi onekhono lokuthutha impahla ngaphakathi liba ngokoqobo hhayi nje ngokwemibono. I-Topway Shipping eseShenzhen, ebilokhu isebenza kusukela ngo-2010, isungule isevisi yayo eya eShayina kuya eFrance ngendlela yokuthi amadokhumenti, ukuqinisekiswa kwekhodi ye-HS kanye nezidingo zokufaka i-ICS2 ziqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba impahla ihambe, futhi ithimba elifanayo lilandelela umlenze wolwandle, noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa noma wesikhungo, kanye nokususwa kokugcina kanye nokulethwa eFrance. Ukubaluleka kwalokhu kuqhubeka ukuthi kususa ukudluliselwa phakathi kwabathengisi, lapho ulwazi lungalahleka.
Indlela Yokufunda Isilinganiso Ukuze Imilenze Efihliwe Ibonakale
Iningi lezinto ezibalulekile livame ukuvela nemibuzo ethile ebuzwayo ngaphambi kokuthi ubhukhe, hhayi ngemva kokuthola leyo imeyili yokulibaziseka.
1. Buza ukuthi isikhathi sokuthutha esibonisiwe singesokubizwa ngqo komkhumbi noma ukudluliselwa komkhumbi, futhi uma kuyikudluliselwa komkhumbi, sidlula kuliphi ichweba lokudluliselwa komkhumbi. Umuntu ongaphendula lokhu ngokushesha ngegama langempela lomkhumbi kanye nokujikeleza usebenzisa idatha yeshejuli yangempela, hhayi isilinganiso somzila ojwayelekile.
Okwesibili, buza ukuthi kwenzekani uma uhambo olwalubhukiwe ekuqaleni lukhanselwa noma ludluliselwa kwelinye izwe. Ingabe ukubuyiselwa emuva kuzoqhubeka ngendlela efanayo noma kuzokwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo kunoma yisiphi isikhala esitholakalayo, mhlawumbe kufakwe ukudluliselwa kokuthunyelwa okwakungekho ohlelweni lokuqala? Abathumeli ababhukha kusengaphambili - izinsuku eziyi-14 ngaphambili ukuze bathole imithwalo ejwayelekile yama-container kanye namasonto amathathu kuya kwamane ngaphambili ngesikhathi sesizini esiphezulu kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba, noma eduze kwamaholide amakhulu aseShayina - banenkululeko eyengeziwe yokubhekana nalezi zinhlobo zokuphazamiseka ngaphandle kokuya emigwaqweni engaqondile.
Okwesithathu, ikakhulukazi ngokuthunyelwa kwemithwalo emincane kuneyesitsha, buza ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwenziwa kanjani ekugcineni kweFrance. Imithwalo ye-LCL kulesi siteshi cishe ihlala ihlukaniswa endaweni ehlanganisiwe ngaphambi kokulethwa kokugcina, okuwuhlobo lokudluliselwa okuhleliwe, kodwa ikhwalithi yalowo msebenzi iyahlukahluka kakhulu. Umthumeli onolwazi lokuhlanganisa ohlangothini lwaseFrance anganciphisa isikhathi sokuhlala kuleli qophelo. Umthumeli osebenza nge-ejensi yendawo enenkontileka encane angangeza izinsuku lapha ezingaveli ndawo esilinganisweni sokuqala sokuthutha.
Okwesine, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungakanani usayizi wokuthunyelwa, buza ukuthi ubani okhipha impahla yamasiko ngesikhathi ngasinye lapho impahla iwela umngcele, nokuthi ngabe yiqembu elilodwa noma abathengisi abaningi abangaphansi kwenkontileka. Iphuzu elilodwa lokuzibophezela kwamasiko kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekulethweni kwaseFrance kungenye yezimbangela ezivelele zokulibaziseka okungalindelekile kwezimpahla ezinkulu njengefenisha, ama-treadmill, izihlalo zokuhlikihla, imibhede, ama-scooter kanye nezigaba ezifanayo ezivame ukuhamba kulo mzila.
Yeka Ukuthi Ukuthunyelwa Kwendlu Ngendlu Okucashunwe Ngokweqiniso Kubukeka Kanjani
Esimweni sanamuhla esiqhutshwa yiCape, isilinganiso esingokoqobo solwandle kusukela efektri yaseShayina kuya ekhelini laseFrance le-DDP yokuthutha imithwalo emikhulu kakhulu cishe izinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwezingama-40, kanye nesikhathi esiphelele sokuya endlini ngendlu, okuhlanganisa amasiko kanye nokulethwa kwemayela lokugcina, ukufika ebangeni lezinsuku ezingama-45 kuya kwezingama-65 ngobuningi bezimpahla ezithunyelwayo. Izilinganiso ezinikeza izikhathi ezisheshayo ngokukalwa umnyango ngendlu kodwa ezingachazi umkhumbi oqondile kanye nendawo eyodwa yokukhipha zifanele umbuzo olandelayo, hhayi ngempela ukwenqatshwa, kodwa ukucaciswa kokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezithathwayo ukulinganisa okusheshayo.
I-Topway Shipping inikeza isevisi yalo mhubhe ohlanganisa ukuthutha kokuqala okuvela efektri noma kumhlinzeki, ukuthutha olwandle okubhukiwe ngokubheka ukujikeleziswa kwemikhumbi yangempela kunesilinganiso semizila ejwayelekile, phesheya kwezilwandle. kugcinwa lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlanganiswa noma ukuhlelwa kwezindawo, ukuvunyelwa kwentela yithimba langaphakathi elijwayele izidingo zokuhlukaniswa kwe-EU Common External Tariff, kanye nokulethwa kwemayela lokugcina ekhelini lokugcina laseFrance. Le nkampani iphinde inikeze umthwalo ogcwele wesikhongozeli oguquguqukayo kanye nezinketho ezingaphansi komthwalo wesikhongozeli ovela eShayina kuya emachwebeni amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, okuvumela abathumeli ukuthi bafanise usayizi wokuthunyelwa nomzila onengqondo ngempela, kunokuba bahluleke ukuhlanganisa noma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa okwakhiwa kukho isilinganiso esiphansi.
Isiphetho
Isilinganiso esiphansi emzileni osuka eShayina uye eFrance asiyona ingcaphuno embi futhi ukudluliselwa kwempahla akuyona inkinga ngempela. Inkinga ifika lapho intengo eshiwo kanye nomzila kungahambisani, futhi lokho kunqanyulwa akubonakali kuze kube yilapho impahla isivele iphumile echwebeni futhi kuvela umlayezo wokulibaziseka ongenayo umongo. Umkhawulo wokudluliselwa okungahleliwe okuphenduka ukubambezeleka kwangempela mncane kunangaphambili, endaweni lapho ukudluliselwa kwempahla kabusha eKapa sekuvele kwenezele isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili ezikhathini zokuqala zokuhamba, lapho ukuminyana kwechweba ezindaweni zaseShayina kunezela ezinye izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyishumi ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi lapho izidingo zokufaka i-ICS2 ziphakamise khona ingozi kumadokhumenti entela. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingcaphuno ekhasini kanye nohambo oluthathwa yimpahla empeleni kuyinto eyodwa ukubuza imibuzo efanele ngaphambi kokubhuka, nokusebenzisana nomthumeli ogcina ukubonakala kanye nokuzibophezela kwentela kulo lonke umzila, esikhundleni sokudlulisela impahla phakathi kwamaqembu angaxhunyiwe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q: Ingabe ukuthunyelwa kwempahla njalo kusho ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwami kuzofika sekwephuzile?
A: Cha. Ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla eziningi kwenzeka ngesikhathi esibekiwe futhi kwengeza isikhathi esincane noma akukho nhlobo. Ingozi iphezulu kakhulu uma ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla kungafakwanga esilinganisweni sokuqala sokuhamba njengoba lokhu kuvame ukusikisela ukuthi impahla idluliselwe kabusha ngemva kokubhukha.
Q: Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ikhotheshini yami icabanga ukuthi iyindlela yokuhamba ngomkhumbi ngqo noma i-hub routing?
A: Buza umuntu othumela indiza igama langempela lomkhumbi kanye nokushintshaniswa kwechweba lokubhukha. Isilinganiso esisekelwe kudatha yeshejuli yangempela sizofaka lokhu; isilinganiso esijwayelekile somzila ngokuvamile ngeke.
Q: Ingabe i-ICS2 iyayithinta impahla edlula kwelinye izwe le-EU ngaphambi kokuba ifike eFrance?
A: Yebo. I-ICS2 idinga iSimemezelo Esifingqiwe Sokungena ngaphambi kokufika kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhamba, futhi izindawo ezintsha zokuthinta emachwebeni aphakathi kwe-EU zingadala amathuba engeziwe okuthumela izikhalazo uma zingahlanganiswa yithimba elihlangene.
Q: Ingabe kufanelekile ukukhokha okwengeziwe ngesiqinisekiso somzila oqondile?
A: Kuncike ekuzweleni kwesikhathi sokuthunyelwa. Izindleko zesimo sokubambezeleka komsila omude (izinsuku ezingu-65 kuya ku-75 uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsuku ezingu-45 kuya ku-55) ngokuvamile ziphakeme kunezindleko zomzila othembekile uma udinga ukuletha ngosuku oluthile.
