Te Belt and Road i te tau 2026: Kei te tipu tonu te ara whakawhiti i waenganui i a Haina me Kariki?
Kupu Whakataki
He tokomaha i whakaaro he mahi whai hua tēnei nā te kamupene kaipuke COSCO o Haina ki te hoko i te nuinga o ngā hea i te tauranga o Piraeus i Kariki neke atu i te tekau tau ki muri, i te wā i raru ai a Kariki. I te tau 2026, kua riro taua whakaaetanga hei pokapū tohu mō te kaupapa Belt and Road (BRI) i Ūropi. He tauira tūturu tēnei o te mahi a te kaupapa here hanganga o Haina.
Engari i te tau 2025 i whiwhi i te huinga o ngā māka pai me ngā māka kino. I tētahi taha, ko te whai wāhi katoa a BRI puta noa i te ao i eke ki te taumata teitei rawa atu o te USD 213.5 piriona i roto i ngā kirimana hanga me ngā haumitanga, he pikinga 19% i roto i te maha o ngā whakaaetanga i whakaritea ki te tau 2024. I tētahi atu taha, i heke te nui o te mahi a te Piraeus Container Terminal mā te 6% i ia tau ki te 3.98 miriona TEU. E whakaatu ana tēnei kei te aro atu te ara ki ngā wero tūturu, ahakoa he mea nui tonu i runga i te rautaki. I a tātou e tomo ana ki te tau 2026, ko te pātai nui ehara i te mea kei te tipu tonu te ara Haina-Kariki. Engari kei te huri haere i ngā huarahi e mau tonu ai tōna hiranga i roto i te ao e huri haere ana ngā mahi tōrangapū whenua, e kaha haere ana ngā ture o te EU, ā, kei te ngana tonu ētahi atu pokapū Mediterranean ki te wikitoria.
E titiro ana tēnei tuhinga ki te āhua o nāianei o te ara raro me ngā raraunga hou, e wetewete ana i ngā raruraru, ā, e kōrero ana mō ngā tikanga katoa mō ngā kaipuke, ngā kamupene kawe taonga, me te hunga katoa e kawe ana i ngā taonga i waenga i a Āhia me Ūropi.
Te BRI i te tau 2026: He Tau Rekoata me ngā Whetūriki
He tino whakamere ngā raraunga mai i te tau 2025. E ai ki te Green Finance & Development Center i Te Whare Wānanga o Fudan, mai i te tīmatanga o te BRI i te tau 2013, kua whakapaua e Haina te katoa o te USD 1.399 trillion ki tēnei kaupapa. Kei roto i tēnei ko te USD 837 piriona mō te hanga whare me te USD 561 piriona mō ngā haumitanga tika. Ko te tapeke ā-tau mō te tau 2025 he USD 213.5 piriona, he nui ake i tētahi atu tau. Ko te nuinga o tēnei nā ngā whakawhitiwhitinga i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, te Moana-a-Kiwa, me Āwherika mō te pūngao, te keri, me ngā hangarau hou.
I te marama o Hune 2025, e hono ana te whatunga tereina tereina Haina-Ūropi i ngā tāone Haina e 128 ki ngā tāone e 229 i roto i ngā whenua Pākehā e 26. Mā tēnei ka whāngai i ngā utanga ki te ara moana, mai i reira hoki. Kua piki haere te hiranga o taua whatunga tereina hei tautoko i ngā huarahi moana, inā koa nā ngā raruraru i te Moana Whero i arotake anō ai ngā kaikawe i ā rātou mahere huarahi mō te tau 2024 me te 2025.
Engari he nui ake te raruraru o te ara whānui o te BRI i Ūropi. Ko te wehenga mana o Itari i te Hakihea 2023 he wā hurihanga, ā, i te tau 2026, kua tino heke te mahere tōrangapū. Ko Kariki, ko Potukara, me Serbia anake kei a rātou ngā kaupapa nui e hohe ana i roto i ngā whenua mema 17 o te EU i hainatia i mua he whakaaetanga mō te BRI. Ko te Ture Tirotiro Pūtea Tika a te EU, i whai mana i te tau 2019, kua tata mutu ngā haumitanga hou a Haina ki ngā tauranga, ngā whatunga hiko, me ngā waea i te nuinga o te poraka.
| Momo | 2024 | 2025 | Huri |
| Te Whakaurunga Ao o BRI (USD piriona) | ~ 179 | 213.5 | +19% (ngā mahi hokohoko) |
| Te Tapeke o te Whakawhitiwhitinga Tauranga COSCO (TEU) | 144.0m | 153.0m | +6.2% YoY |
| Teihana Ipu o Piraeus (TEU) | 4.23m | 3.98m | -6.0% YoY |
| Moni Whiwhi a te Mana Whakahaere Tauranga o Piraeus (€m) | 231 | 250.8 | +8.6% YoY |
| Ngā Tāone Tereina Haina-Ūropi | ~ 120 | 128 (CN) / 229 (EU) | Whakawhitu |
| Ngā Whenua Hohe o te EU BRI MoU (nui) | ~5 | 3 (GR, PT, RS) | Whakawhiti |
Ripanga 1: Ngā Inenga Matua mō te Mahi a te BRI me Piraeus, 2024–2025
Te Tauranga o Piraeus: Te Taonga Karauna i raro i te Pēhanga
He tūranga motuhake tō Piraeus i roto i te kōrero mō te BRI. Kei te wāhi e tūtaki ai ngā taonga Hainamana ki ngā mākete Pākehā mā te Awa o Suez. Nā te moni a COSCO i huri ai tētahi tauranga e raru ana ki te pokapū ipu nui rawa atu i te rawhiti o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Kua oati ngā pakihi Hainamana ki te tuku tika i te 350 miriona euros ki ngā hanganga tauranga i reira i te tau 2026, me te 200 miriona euros mō ētahi atu kaupapa e hono ana ki ngā tauranga.
E whakaatu ana ngā tatauranga pūtea mō te Mana Whakahaere Tauranga o Piraeus i te tau 2025 i tētahi kōrero whakamīharo i roto i ngā wāhanga e rua. I whiwhi te PPA i te €250.8 miriona i roto i ngā hoko, he pikinga 8.6% mai i te tau o mua. I whiwhi moni te Tauranga Tuatahi mō te wā tuatahi. Kua rerekē te tauira pakihi o te tauranga, koia te take i tipu ai te haere o ngā kaipuke tere me ngā mahi kore-ipu. I tētahi atu taha, i kite te tauranga ipu e whakahaerehia ana e COSCO Shipping Ports i te hekenga 6% o te rere o ngā waka, mai i te 4.23 miriona TEU i te tau 2024 ki te 3.98 miriona TEU i te tau 2025.
I kī a COSCO ko te nuinga o te hekenga i ahu mai i te hekenga o te tono mō te whakawhiti kaipuke ki te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, engari kei te pātaihia tonutia taua whakamārama. I piki ake a Tangier Med, te kaiwhakataetae tata rawa atu o Piraeus i te rohe, mā te 8.4% i taua wā anō, tae atu ki te 11.1 miriona TEU. Kei te piki haere te tawhiti i waenga i ngā tauranga e rua, ā, kei te tīmata ngā kamupene kaipuke ki te kite i a Tangier hei wāhi pai rawa atu hei whakawhiti taonga mai i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Hauāuru. Ko Piraeus tonu te tauranga tino nui i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Rawhiti me te whatunga whāngai Aegean, engari ehara i te mea ko ia anake.
| Port | Te Putanga o te Mahi 2025 (TEU) | YoY Huri | Turanga Tuatahi |
| Piraeus (COSCO PCT) | 3.98 miriona | -6.0% | Te whakawhiti kaipuke me te kuwaha o te Rawhiti o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa |
| Tangier Med (Morocco) | 11.1 miriona | + 8.4% | Te whakawhiti kaipuke ki te Hauāuru o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa me te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa |
| Valencia (Paina) | ~ 6.0 miriona | +~3% | Te kuwaha o te tonga o Ūropi |
| Algeciras (Pāniora) | ~ 5.5 miriona | Tuhinga | Te pokapū o te Moana-a-Kiwatara |
Ripanga 2: Whakataurite i te Tauranga Ipu o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, 2025
Te Paparanga Ā-Iwi: He aha a Kariki e noho tonu ai hei Punga mō Haina i Ūropi
Ahakoa te whakahē a te EU ki te BRI me te pana whānui a Haina mō ngā hanganga, kua piri tonu a Kariki ki tana huarahi mahi. Kua titiro tonu a Ātene ki te kaupapa Piraeus mai i te tirohanga ōhanga, me te arotahi ki ngā mahi, ngā moni whiwhi tauranga, me ngā kaweake Kariki ki ngā mākete Āhia. He rerekē tēnei i te anga whakataetae rautaki e kitea whānuitia ana i Brussels, Berlin, me Washington. Kāore taua pāngarau i tino rerekē mai i te tau 2026.
Kua rerekē te pēhanga o waho. Ko ngā ture hurihuri a te EU mō te haumi tika ki tāwāhi (FDI) me ngā karanga tipu haere a Haina mō te "whakakore i te tūponotanga" ki ngā hanganga nui, ko te tikanga ko te tipu o te aroaro o COSCO ki Kariki ka nui ake te tirotiro a ngā ture i tērā i te tau 2016, i te wā i whakaroahia ai te whakaaetanga. Ko te wehenga atu o Itari i te BRI, te whakaurunga o te Global Gateway a te EU ki te €300 piriona i te tau 2027, me te akiaki kaha a te US i ngā hoa Pākehā kia neke atu i ngā hanganga Hainamana, kua huri katoa i te āhuarangi tōrangapū i te whenua. Nā tēnei kua mārama ake te mahi tonu a Kariki me COSCO.
Engari nā te tauwāhi me te ōhanga o Kariki i uaua ai te haere noa. Ka kawea mai e Piraeus te moni tūturu, ka hangaia he mahi tūturu, ka hono hoki i te hokohoko tūturu. He uaua ngā hononga a ngā kaipupuri kaipuke Kariki, e whakahaere ana i ngā kahui kaipuke arumoni nui rawa atu o te ao, ki ngā kaihanga kaipuke me ngā kaikawe kaipuke Hainamana kua roa nei e mahi ana. He wāhi rongonui tonu a Haina mō ngā kaipuke he haki Kariki hei haere. Kāore e taea e ngā kōrero tōrangapū anake te whakatika i te whanaungatanga nā te mea he tino uaua.
Ki te hunga i Beijing i whakamahere i te BRI, ehara a Kariki i te haumitanga tauranga noa iho; he tohu tēnei e whai hua ana te whakaaro. Mēnā ka taea e Piraeus te noho hei wāhanga mahi, whai hua, me te tipu haere o te whatunga moana, ka whakaatu tēnei he whakaaro pai te awhi katoa o te mahere o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Mēnā ka ngaro, ka kite rānei i te hinganga, he tino pā kino ki ā rātou mahere me tō rātou ahua.
Ngā Rere Tauhokohoko: He aha te Mea e Neke Ana i roto i te Ara
Ehara i te ara kotahi anake te ara whakawhiti i waenganui i a Haina me Kariki; he pūnaha maha-ara e hono ana i ngā pokapū hangahanga Hainamana ki ngā mākete kaihoko Pākehā mā te moana, te tereina, me te rori. Ko te huarahi kaipuke matua e ahu atu ana i ngā tauranga nui o Haina pērā i a Shanghai, Ningbo, me Qingdao mā te Moana-a-Malaka, puta noa i te Moana Iniana, mā te Awa o Suez, tae atu ki Piraeus. Mai i Piraeus, ka haria e ngā taraka me ngā tereina ngā utanga ki ngā wāhi o ngā Balkans, o Ūropi Waenganui, me tua atu.
I roto i ngā tau e toru kua pahure ake nei, kua tino rerekē te momo taonga e neke ana i roto i tēnei ara. Ko ngā waka hiko Hainamana, ngā pākahiko lithium, me ngā panera rā - e kiia nei e Beijing ko ngā ahumahi "Toru Hou" - kei te whakaatu inaianei i tētahi wāhanga piki haere o ngā kaweake ipu ki Ūropi. Kei te piki haere te hiahia o ngā kaituku kaipuke ki te kounga o te tauranga me te hononga ki tuawhenua nā te mea he nui te utu o ēnei taonga, he wā poto te wā, ā, me āta whakahaere. Kua whakapau moni a Piraeus ki te whakahaere utanga mekameka makariri me te motuhake hei kawe i tēnei waka, engari kua rerekē ngā hua tae noa mai ki tēnei wā.
Ka heke ngā taonga ahuwhenua Kariki, te waina, me te hinu oriwa ki Haina mā te ara whakawhiti i te hokinga mai. Heoi, he iti tonu te nui ki te whakataurite ki te rere mai i Āhia ki Ūropi. He rite te koretake o te hokohoko o te ara whakawhiti ki te whanaungatanga nui ake o Haina-Ūropi, ā, he raruraru hanganga tonu.
| Kāwai Hokohoko | Aronga Rere | 2025 Ia | Hua Matua |
| Nga taonga kaihoko | Haina → Uropi | Te tipu pumau | Ngā taputapu hiko, ngā taputapu, ngā kakahu |
| EV me te hangarau matomato | Haina → Uropi | Te tere o te tipu | Ngā waka hiko, ngā pākahiko, ngā panera rā |
| Nga hua ahuwhenua | Uropi → Haina | He iti, he pumau | Hinu oriwa, waina, miraka |
| He rauemi raw | Pākani → Haina | Te tipu mā te rerewē | Ngā kohuke, ngā konganuku |
| Utu whakawhiti | Āhia → Ngā tauranga whāngai rongoā | Te hekenga ki Piraeus | Ngā ipu whakaranu |
Ripanga 3: Ngā Rere Tauhokohoko Matua i te Ara Haina-Kariki, 2025
Te Whakataetae me ngā Huarahi Kōwhiri: Kāore te BRI e Mokemoke Ana
Mai i te tīmatanga o te BRI i te tau 2013, ko tētahi o ngā panonitanga nui ko te pikinga ake o ngā huarahi kē atu e tika ana. Kua kohia e te kaupapa Global Gateway a te EU te moni tūturu—€300 piriona i te tau 2027—hei whakapai ake i ngā hanganga whenua huri noa i te ao i roto i ngā wāhanga tae atu ki te hangarau matihiko, te huringa āhuarangi, te pūngao, te kawe waka, te hauora, me te mātauranga. Mai i te tau 2021, kua kohia e te G7's Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment neke atu i te $60 piriona. I te tau 2027, e tumanako ana kia kohia te $200 piriona. Kua oati te kaupapa Quality Infrastructure a Hapani neke atu i te $300 piriona ki ngā kaupapa i Āhia. Ehara ēnei i te whakaaro noa i runga i te pepa; kei te kaha tonu tā rātou whawhai mō ngā kāwanatanga whenua manaaki e ngana ana te BRI ki te tiki.
Ko te Ara Ōhanga o Īnia-Waenganui Rawhiti-Ūropi (IMEC), i huraina i te hui G20 o te tau 2023, e kī ana he ara maha-ara e hono ana i ngā tauranga o Īnia ki Ūropi mā te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa me ngā hononga tereina puta noa i te Waenganui Rawhiti. Ko te huarahi tēnei mō te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. He maha ngā whakaroa o te IMEC, ko ētahi o ēnei nā te pakanga i Gaza. Heoi, he huarahi kē atu tēnei i te ara moana BRI mā te Awa o Suez me Piraeus. Mēnā ka whakahaerehia te IMEC, tera pea ka tangohia e ia he nui o ngā utanga mai i te ara Haina-Kariki mā te hoatu ki ngā tauranga o Ūropi he puna tono kawemai Āhia kē atu.
Kāore e taea te wareware ki te kaha whakataetae o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Nā te tere o te tipu o Tangier Med, te pumau o Valencia, me ngā tauranga o Trieste me Genoa i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa o Itari, e whiwhi ana i ētahi haumitanga a te EU me te tūmataiti, me kaha ake te mahi a Piraeus ki te whiwhi i ngā waeatanga katoa e tukuna ana e ia. E ai ki a Drewry ka heke te tipu o te tuku ipu o te ao ki te 1.8% noa iho i te tau 2026. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore te mākete e tere te whanake hei āwhina i ngā tauranga katoa. Ka nui ake ngā pakanga mō ngā hea.
Me pēhea te whakatere a ngā kaipatu kaipuke i te ara i te tau 2026
Mō ngā kaikawemai me ngā kaikawe atu e kawe ana i ngā taonga i waenga i a Haina me Ūropi, he kōwhiringa pai tonu te ara whakawhiti i waenganui i a Haina me Kariki, engari me whakarite kia tino tupato atu i tērā i ngā tau e rima kua pahure. Nā te whakarerekētanga o ngā ara whakawhiti o ngā kaipuke mā te Moana Whero, kua rerekē ngā tauira o te kīkī o te tauranga. Kua hoki te haere o ngā waka mā te Awa o Suez ki te āhua noa, ā, he kōwhiringa pai tonu a Piraeus mō ngā taonga e haere ana ki te Tonga Rawhiti me te Waenganui o Ūropi nā te mea he poto ake ngā wā whakawhiti.
Me mōhio ngā kaitū kaipuke kei te whakatikatikaina tonutia ngā ratonga a ngā kaikawe e whakamahi ana i a Piraeus hei tauranga tukunga matua. Whai muri i te whakatūnga o te Gemini Cooperation me ētahi atu whakaritenga whatunga i te tau 2024–2025, he maha ngā hononga nui kua whakarerekē i ā rātou miro Āhia-Ūropi. He mea nui kia tirohia ko ēhea ngā huarahi matua e tū tonu ana i Piraeus, me ēhea pea kua nekehia ā rātou taunga matua o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki ētahi atu tauranga.
Ko te rongo pai mō ngā kaipuke, nā te whakataetae i waenga i a Piraeus, Tangier, me ētahi atu tauranga o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa kua noho iti tonu ngā utu utanga me ngā utu whakahaere. Ko te whāinga tuatahi a te BRI ko te whakapai ake i ngā hononga tereina mai i Piraeus ki ngā Balkans. Nā tēnei kua pai ake ai te whiringa mō te tuku taonga ki Serbia, Hungary, me ētahi atu wāhi.
Me pēhea te āwhina a Topway Shipping i a koe ki te neke utanga i te ara Haina-Ūropi
He rerekē te mārama ki te tirohanga whānui o te BRI me te ara whakawhiti i waenganui i a Haina me Kariki. He rerekē anō te neke tere i ngā taonga mā roto. Koinei te wāhi e uru mai ai ngā hoa mahi kawe taonga mohio, ā, kua mahi a Topway Shipping i tēnā mai i te tau 2010.
Kei Shenzhen te turanga o Topway Shipping, ā, i whakatūria e tētahi tīma neke atu i te 15 tau o te wheako ki ngā mahi whakahaere waka o te ao me te whakawātea tikanga, he tohunga ki ngā otinga utanga mekameka tuku katoa me ngā mahi whakahaere hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe. Kei Haina ngā pakiaka o te tīma, ā, ko te US Transportation tētahi o ngā huarahi hokohoko tino uaua me te uaua o te ao. Ko ngā pūkenga ōrite, te whakahaere tika, me te arotahi ki te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga e pai ai te ratonga US a Topway ka pā anō hoki ki te huarahi Haina-Ūropi, tae atu ki ngā tuku e haere ana mā Piraeus, kātahi ka haere ki ngā mākete Pākehā.
Ka tukuna e Topway ngā utanga moana mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga matua o te ao, tae atu ki ngā tauranga o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Ka tukuna e rātou ngā ratonga uta-ipu-katoa (FCL) me ngā ratonga uta-iti-ipu (LCL). He mea tino nui tēnei momo ngāwari mō ngā kamupene hokohoko ipurangi me ngā kawemai rahi-waenga kāore i te nui ngā taonga hei whakakī i te ipu engari me whai ratonga pono, ngāwari ki te whai, ā, e wātea ana i ngā tikanga tuku iho i te ūnga. Kei roto i te whānuitanga katoa o ngā ratonga a te kamupene ko te tuku kaipuke tuatahi, ngā kaipuke o tāwāhi. whare patu, te whakawātea i ngā tikanga tuku iho, me te tuku whakamutunga. Ko te tikanga ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i te haerenga katoa mai i te kēti wheketere i Haina ki te kaihoko whakamutunga i Ūropi.
Ina pāngia te ara whakawhiti o Haina-Kariki e ngā wero pēnei i te iti o te tukunga i Piraeus me te aroturukitanga ture a te EU, ehara i te mea whakamīharo te whai hoa mahi kawe e mōhio ana ki te taha kaweake Hainamana me te āhua o te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga kawemai a Ūropi. He mea nui tēnei mō te whakataetae. Ka whakamahia e Topway Shipping ēnei pūkenga e rua i runga i ia tukunga.
| ratonga | Whakaahuatanga | E tika ana mō |
| FCL Ocean Freight | Ngā utaina ipu katoa mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga EU/Med | Ngā kaikawemai nui, ngā kaihoko B2B |
| LCL waka moana | Ngā uta whakakotahi mō ngā rahinga utanga iti | Hokohoko-ipurangi, ngā kawemai SME |
| Te Kawe Waewae Tuatahi | Mai i te wheketere ki te tauranga i Haina | Ko ngā kaihoko katoa e hiahia ana ki te kohi mai i uta |
| Hoko Ritenga | Te hanganga ture mō ngā kawemai i ngā tauranga ūnga | Piraeus, ngā tauranga kuwaha o te EU |
| Whare Putunga ki Tawahi | Te rokiroki me te whakatutuki tata ki te ūnga | Ngā kaihoko hokohoko ipurangi i Ūropi |
| Tukunga Maero Whakamutunga | Te tukunga o ngā tatau puta noa i ngā mākete Pākehā | Ngā waitohu DTC, ngā tūāpapa hokohoko ipurangi |
Ripanga 4: Ngā Ratonga Matua a Topway Shipping mō te Ara Haina-Ūropi
Te Tirohanga Whakamua: Kei te Tupu Tonu te Ara Whakatere?
Ko te whakautu pono, kei te tikanga o te tipu te mea e whakawhirinaki ana. Mō te nui o ngā ipu mata i Piraeus, he taahiraa whakamuri te tau 2025. He mea nui tonu te ara whakawhiti ki ngā kaupapa here ā-iwi o Haina me te ōhanga o Kariki e pā ana ki te hiranga rautaki me te whakapau kaha ki te haumi. Mō te uara hokohoko, tera pea he iti ake te rahinga e nekehia ana e te ara whakawhiti engari he nui ake te taumaha ōhanga mō ia waeine, inā koa mēnā ka whakakapia ngā taonga hanga utu nui ake pērā i ngā EV me ngā pūnaha pākahiko ki ngā taonga hanga utu iti.
E ai ki te Green Finance & Development Center, i te tau 2026, ka iti iho te whai wāhi a Haina ki te Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) puta noa i te ao i tērā taumata rekoata i whakatakotoria i te tau 2025. Ka iti ake ngā mahi nui, engari ka kaha tonu te mahi keri, te hanga, me te pūngao matomato. Tērā pea ka arotahi te pūngao Piraeus ki te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi me te whakatipu i tana tūranga ki te tuawhenua o Kariki, kaua ki te ngana ki te hinga i ngā kaiwhakataetae pērā i a Tangier e pā ana ki te nui o ngā kaipuke mata.
Ko te ara roa e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi mea: mēnā ka pumau ngā whanaungatanga hokohoko i waenga i te EU me Haina, ka kino ake rānei nā te pēhanga a Trump ki te US kia mahi tahi me Haina; mēnā ka pai ake, ka kino ake rānei te āhua o te Moana Whero, ā, ka haere tonu te huri i ngā huarahi; ā, mēnā ka taea e Piraeus te kukume mai i te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei o ngā utanga utu nui, inā koa i roto i ngā mekameka tuku EV me te hangarau ma, e whakarerekē ana i te hokohoko i waenga i a Āhia me Ūropi. Kāore tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga i te tino mārama, engari e tohu ana rātou katoa ki tētahi ara e huri ana, kāore e ngaro.
Opaniraa
Ko te ara whakawhiti i waenganui i a Haina me Kariki i te tau 2026 he tauira o te pumau rautaki e raru ana i ngā raruraru whakahaere. Kāore anō kia nui ake te moni i tukuna ki te BRI puta noa i te ao, engari i Ūropi kua iti haere ki ētahi hoa piripono noa iho, ko Kariki te pūtake. Ahakoa i heke te nui o ana ipu i te tau 2025, ā, i kaha ake te whakataetae mai i ētahi atu tauranga, ko Piraeus tonu te rawa hanganga Hainamana tino nui me te tino tūturu i Ūropi.
I runga ake i ngā mea katoa, e whakaatu ana te ara raro he rautaki roa te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mō ngā hanganga. Kāore i whakaarohia ka whai hua te haumitanga a COSCO ki Piraeus i roto i te pūrongo hauwhā kotahi noa iho. Ko te tikanga kia mau tonu te aroaro o te ope taua moana o Haina ki te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa mō ngā tekau tau, ā, kua tutuki i a ia tēnā. Ko te "tipu tonu" o te ara raro kei te āhua o tō tirohanga: te rahinga, te uara, te whānuitanga rautaki, te kaha rānei. I te nuinga o aua kōrero, ko te whakautu he āe tonu.
He māmā noa iho te tikanga mahi mō ngā kamupene e kawe ana i ngā utanga i waenga i a Haina me Ūropi: he pai te ara, he whakataetae, ā, he ngāwari ki te whakatere. Heoi, ka whakawhiwhia ngā kaipuke e mahi tahi ana me ngā hoa mahi kawe e mōhio ana ki te whakahaere i ngā huringa o te ao. Ko ngā kamupene pēnei i a Topway Shipping, he hononga kaha ki a Haina, ā, ka taea te whakahaere i ngā utanga o te ao me te mekameka tuku katoa, ko rātou ngā momo hoa mahi ka taea te hanga i te rerekētanga i waenga i te tuku tere me te ohorere utu nui.
FAQs
P: Ko Piraeus tonu te tauranga ipu nui rawa atu i te rawhiti o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa?
Āe. Ko Piraeus tonu te taunga ipu nui rawa atu i te rawhiti o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, ahakoa ka heke te nui o te kawe kaipuke mā te 6% i te tau 2025 ki te 3.98 miriona TEU. I taua rohe iti, he iti ake te nui o te waka e whakahaerehia ana e ōna hoa whakataetae rohe tata, ahakoa kua hipa a Tangier Med i roto i ngā rarangi katoa o ngā kaipuke whakawhiti kaipuke o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa.
P: Kua wehe mana a Kariki i te kaupapa Belt and Road?
A: Kāo. He nui tonu ngā rawa BRI a Kariki, ā, he hononga ōhanga hoki ki a COSCO me ngā kaipupuri moni Hainamana, engari i wehe mana a Itari i te Hakihea 2023. Ko Kariki, ko Potukara, me Serbia tonu ngā hoa BRI matua o te EU.
Q: Kia pehea te roa o te tuku mai i Haina ki Piraeus?
A: Ko te roanga o te wā e haere ai te kaipuke mai i ngā tauranga nui o Haina (Shanghai, Ningbo, Qingdao) ki Piraeus mā te Awa o Suez he 25 ki te 35 ngā rā, i runga i te ratonga, te tauranga takenga mai, me te huarahi. Ko ētahi wā whakawhiti i runga i te Cape of Good Hope i roa ake nā ngā raruraru i te Moana Whero i te tau 2024 me te 2025. Tirohia me tō kaituku utanga kia mōhio ai kei te rite tonu ngā wātaka ratonga.
P: Ka taea e ngā pakihi iti te whakamahi i te ara kaipuke i waenganui i a Haina me Kariki?
A: Ae rā. Ka taea e ngā pakihi o ngā rahi katoa te whakamahi i te ara raro nā ngā ratonga whakakotahi LCL (less-than-container-load). Ka tukuna e Topway Shipping me ētahi atu kamupene kawe waka ngā uta moana whakauru mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga o Ūropi. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakakore tikanga me te tuku whakamutunga, e taea ai e ngā pakihi hokohoko ipurangi iti te whakamahi i ā rātou ratonga.
P: He aha te tirohanga mō te haumitanga a BRI i te tau 2026?
A: E whakaaro ana ngā kaitātari ka iti iho te mahi a ngā kamupene Hainamana BRI i te tau 2026 i te taumata rekoata o te USD 213.5 piriona i te tau 2025. Ka iti ake ngā mahi nui, engari ka haere tonu ngā mahi i roto i te pūngao, te keri, me te hangarau matomato. Ko te arotahi kei te neke ki ngā kaupapa iti ake, rautaki ake e pai ake ana ki te whenua manaaki me te whakamahi i te ranunga o ngā tauira putea.
