Ngā Hapa o te Ture HS i Utu ai ngā Mano ki ngā Kaihoko Tiamana
Kupu Whakataki
I ia tau, ka ngaro te nui o te moni a ngā kai kawemai Tiamana, ehara i te mea nā te kino o te mākete, nā te hinga rānei o ā rātou kaiwhakarato, engari nā te rārangi tau kei runga i te whakapuakitanga tikanga. Ko te waehere Pūnaha Whakahāngai (HS) he tau paerewa e hoatu ana ki ngā momo taonga hokohoko katoa. Koinei te pūtake mō te whakamahinga o ngā tari taake tikanga, te tutuki i ngā ture, me ngā mahi ārai-tuku. Ki te tino tika tāu mahi, ka puta ō taonga me te kore raruraru. Ki te kore e tika tāu mahi, ka taea e koe te pa ki te whānuitanga o ngā whiu, mai i ngā whakapuakitanga iti ki ngā aromatawai taake whakamuri e rima-mati, ngā whakaroa tuku, tae atu ki ngā whakapae taihara mō te tinihanga tikanga i roto i ngā take tino kino.
He nui ake ngā kawemai a Tiamana i tētahi atu whenua o te EU. Neke atu i te €1.3 trillion te uara o ngā taonga e tae mai ana ki te whenua i ia tau. Ko te Bundeszollverwaltung te mana whakahaere tikanga o te whenua, ā, ko tētahi o ngā taiao tino kaha ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga i roto i a Ūropi. Ka whakatinanahia e ia ngā ture mā te Uniana Tikanga Tikanga (UCC) a te EU, te pātengi raraunga TARIC, me te pūnaha whakawātea mamati e piki haere ana te rongonui e kiia nei ko ATLAS. Mai i te tau 2024, kua tino kaha ake ngā ture. Nā ngā herenga ā-taurite a te Komihana o Ūropi mō ngā waka hiko Hainamana, he Ingoa Whakakotahi hou ka whai mana i te marama o Hānuere 2025, me te whakatinanatanga katoa o te Wāhanga 3 o te ICS2 kua uaua ake te tukanga whakarōpūtanga kua uaua kē.
E kōrero ana tēnei tuhinga mō ngā hapa waehere HS tino noa, tino utu nui hoki e mahia ana e ngā kai kawemai Tiamana. E whakamārama ana hoki i te mahi a te pūnaha whiu i raro i te ture Tiamana me te EU, ā, e hoatu ana hoki i ngā tohutohu whai hua mō te karo i te whakarōpūtanga hē. Hei tauira, e kī ana ko te mahi tahi me tētahi hoa mahi whakahaere me te tikanga tuku iho e mātau ana ka taea te hanga rerekētanga nui.
Te Mārama ki te Waehere: HS, CN, TARIC, me ngā Waehere-iti Tiamana
He maha ngā wā ka pōhēhē ngā kaikawemai nā te mea ehara te "waehere HS" i te tau kotahi o te ao, engari he raupapa paparanga. Kei te pupuri te World Customs Organization (WCO) i te Harmonized System, he waehere mati-ono e whakamahia ana e te neke atu i te 200 whenua, ā, e kapi ana i te neke atu i te 5,000 momo taonga. Ina hokohoko koe, ka rite tonu ngā tau tuatahi e ono ahakoa kei te tuku taonga koe mai i Shanghai, kei te kawe mai rānei ki Hamburg.
Ko te Whakaingoa Whakakotahi (CN), e whakamahia ana mō ngā taripa me ngā tatauranga i ngā whenua mema katoa o te EU, ka tāpirihia he mati e whā atu ki tēnei. Ko te Taripa Whakauru a te EU, ko te TARIC rānei, ka tāpirihia e rua atu mati, kia tekau katoa, hei hipoki i ngā mahi kaupapa here hokohoko motuhake pēnei i ngā utu ārai-tuku, ngā mahi taupatupatu, me ngā whakatārewatanga kawemai. Kātahi ka taea e Tiamana te tāpiri i te mati tekau mā tahi mō ngā mea pēnei i te waehere VAT me ētahi here kawemai e motuhake ana mō taua whenua. He rerekētanga nui tēnei: kāore e taea e koe te tārua noa i te waehere HS mati ono a te kaihoko Haina ki tētahi whakapuakitanga kawemai Tiamana. Me whai waehere TARIC mati tekau tika te whakapuakitanga. Mena ka whakamahia e koe he waehere poto ake, he waehere rerekē rānei, kāore te kōnae i te tika.
Ngā Paparanga Whakarōpū e Whā i Whakamahia i Tiamana
| Apa Waehere | Ngā Hua | Ko te Kawana | Scope |
| HS Code | 6 | Whakahaerenga o te Ao (WCO) | Ao whānui – e whakamahia ana e te 200+ whenua |
| Ingoa Whakakotahi (CN) | 8 | Pākehā Union | Tari me ngā tatauranga puta noa i te EU |
| TARIC | 10 | Pākehā Commission | Ngā ture whakahaere a te EU (te aukati i te tuku taonga, me ētahi atu) |
| Waehere iti ā-motu o Tiamana | 11 | Te Whakatauranga o te Bundeszoll | Te waehere VAT, ngā here ā-motu |
I whakahoutia te Whakaingoa Whakakotahi a te EU i te marama o Hānuere 2025, ā, i whakaputaina hei Ture Whakatinana a te Komihana (EU) 2024/2522. I tāpirihia he upoko iti hou ki ētahi upoko, pērā i ngā tōmato hou (kua whakarōpūtia kia rite ki te rahi me te momo whakaaturanga), ngā witi i whakatipuria i roto i te ao, ngā wahie koiora, ngā tara mangō, me ngā hau koretake onge. I kitea e ngā kaihoko kawemai kāore i whakahou i ā rātou pātengi raraunga whakarōpūtanga hua i mua i te 1 o Hānuere 2025, te rā i whai mana ai ngā ture hou, kāore ā rātou whakapuakitanga tū i te whai mana mai i te rā tuatahi o te tau hou. Ehara tēnei i te āwangawanga ariā noa iho; ina he hē, he tawhito rānei ngā waehere o te pūnaha whakakore hiko ATLAS o Tiamana, ka whakakorea tonutia, ka puta he whakaroa, ā, ka arahi pea ki tētahi arotake.
Ngā Hapa HS Tino Noa — me te Utu Tuturu
He maha ngā wā ka puta ngā hapa whakarōpūtanga i roto i ētahi āhuatanga. Ko ētahi i ahu mai i te mea he tino uaua ngā ingoa. Hei tauira, ka taea e te hua te whakauru ki raro i ngā taitara e rua, neke atu rānei, ā, ko te kōwhiringa tika kei runga i te mōhio ki ngā Tuhipoka Whakamārama me ngā Ture Whānui mō te Whakamārama a te WCO. Ko ētahi ka puta mai i te pēhanga o te wā, te whakawhirinaki nui ki ngā waehere i homai e ngā kaiwhakarato, te whakamahi rānei i ngā pātengi raraunga whakarōpūtanga ā-roto tawhito. Ko tētahi wāhanga iti ake engari he nui ake te kino ko te whakarōpūtanga hē ā-hinengaro i ngā taonga hei karo i te utu i ngā takoha, e kiia ana e te tari Tiamana he hara.
| Momo Hapa | Tauari angamaheni | Pānga Pūkete | Mōrearea Tāpiri |
| Kōwhiringa upoko hē | Te whakarōpū i tētahi atamai home taputapu hei 'taputapu hiko' kaua hei 'taputapu tuku reo irirangi' | Te rerekētanga o te mahi: 0%–14% | Te tūponotanga o te tāpiritanga utu ārai-tuku |
| Te whakamahi i te HS mati-6 hei utu mō te TARIC mati-10 | Te tuku i te HS kaweake Hainamana ki te whakapuakitanga kawemai a te EU | Kāore he mana o te whakapuakitanga; ko te utu mō te whakawātea anō he €500–€2,000+ | I puritia te uta i te tauranga |
| Te kore aro ki ngā takoha anti-dumping/countervailing | Ngā wāhanga EV Hainamana kua whakarōpūtia i raro i te taitara whānui | Ngā takoha whakamuri + tae atu ki te 35.3% takoha tauutuutu | Te tukunga taihara mēnā he mea āta whakaarohia |
| Whakahōutanga o te waehere whai muri i te whakaingoatanga | Te whakamahi i te waehere CN 2022 i muri i te whakahoutanga o Hānuere 2025 | Whakapuakitanga kore mana; ngā whiu mai i te €1,000 | Haki arotake i runga i te pūkete kawemai |
| Te whakaiti ā-taurite i te kāwai mō te mahi iti iho | Te kī i ngā kākahu whatu he 'tauira papanga' | Whiu tae atu ki te 100% o ngā takoha i karohia (paerewa EU) | Te whakawakanga tinihanga a te Tari Taake |
Ko tētahi o ngā hapa tino kitea, ā, he nui te utu, e pā ana ki te hangarau. He maha ngā kaikorero ahokore hou he kaiwhiwhi reo irirangi kua hangaia ki roto, nō reira, ko te kaikorero Nihokikorangi me tētahi o ēnei kei raro i te kāwai 8527 (taputapu pāho reo irirangi) kaua ki te 8518 (ngā hopuoro, ngā kaikorero reo, ngā whakakaha). He iti noa te rerekētanga o ngā reiti takoha i roto i ngā ōrau, engari ko te āwangawanga nui ko te haki takahi tikanga, e whakaatu ana i te hītori o te kaikawe mai i te whai i ngā ture, ā, ko te tikanga ka tirohia pai ake ngā tukunga a meake nei. E whakaatu ana tētahi take o te tau 2025 e pā ana ki tētahi kaikawe mai i ngā kākahu o te EU i te nui o te raruraru: ko te whakarōpū hē i ngā kākahu kua oti hei papanga i arahi ki te whiu €28,000 i muri i te kitenga o tētahi arotake i te tauira kotahi puta noa i ētahi tukunga.
I muri i te mutunga o te rangahau ārai-tāpui a te Komihana o Ūropi mō ngā waka pākahiko Hainamana i te marama o Oketopa 2024, ka noho te ao waka hiko hei taiao whakarōpūtanga tino nui. Ko ngā taripa taupatupatu, mai i te 7.8% ki te 35.3% i runga i te kaihanga, ka pā noa ki ētahi taitara iti. Mena ka hē te whakanoho a te kaihoko kawemai i ngā wāhanga EV Hainamana ki raro i te taitara wāhanga motuka whānui kaua ki te taitara iti BEV tika, tera pea ka taea e rātou te mawhiti i te whiu taupatupatu mō te wā poto, engari me utu e rātou ina kitea te hapa. Ko te mōrearea pūtea mō te kotahi ipu utaina o ngā wāhanga EV ka neke atu i te €50,000.
Te Anga Whiu o Tiamana: Kia Pēhea te Kaha?
Ka whiua e Tiamana te hunga e takahi ana i ngā ture tikanga mā te whakamahi i te ranunga o ngā ture a te EU, arā, ko te Ture Tikanga o te Kotahitanga, me te Ture Tikanga o Tiamana (Zollgesetz) me te Ture Whiu Pūtea (Abgabenordnung). Ka whakarōpūtia ngā whiu i runga i te nui o te hara o te tangata, he ariā tēnei i ahu mai i te anga whānui o te EU engari ka whakahaerea me te tino pakari e rite ana ki te ture whakahaere Tiamana.
Ko te paerewa a te EU mō ngā whiu pūtea mō ngā take he whakarōpūtanga he tae atu ki te 100% o te nui o te takoha i karohia. Inaa, ko ngā pirihimana Tiamana e whakamahi ana i te taurite: ko te hapa whakahaere tuatahi kāore e utu moni ana ki te kamupene ka arahi pea ki te tono whakatikatika me te whiu iti, engari ko te tauira o te mangere puta noa i ngā kaipuke maha ka arahi ki ngā aromatawai taake whakamuri me ngā utu taapiri. Ko te tinihanga tikanga ko te wā e he ai te whakarōpūtanga o ngā taonga e te tangata hei karo i ngā takoha anti-dumping. Ka arahi pea tēnei ki ngā whakapae taihara, ngā whiu tae atu ki te €500,000, neke atu rānei, me te ngaronga o ētahi mana kawemai.
| Taumata Hara | definition | Whiu Noa (EU / Tiamana) | Kōwhiringa Whakaora |
| Hapa ā-tuhi/whakahaere | He hapa mati kotahi, he tuku pono | Whakatūpato; me whakatika; he utu pea €1,000–€5,000 | Te whakatikatika i muri i te whakaaetanga (Tuhinga 173 UCC) |
| Te ngoikore | He whakarōpūtanga hē anō, kāore he mana whakahaere ā-roto | Ngā takoha whakamuri + tāpiritanga 50–100% | Mā te whakaaturanga tūao i mua i te arotake ka whakaiti i te whakaaturanga |
| Te tino mangere | Te kore aro ki ngā herenga whakarōpūtanga e mōhiotia ana | Ngā takoha whakamuri + tae atu ki te 100% o te moni i karohia; te whakamutua o ngā kawemai | He iti; he mea nui te whakapuakitanga i mua |
| Tinihanga / karo āta | Te whakaiti i te aromatawai pūnaha, te waehere hē rānei hei karo i te aukati-tuku | Te whakawā hara; ngā whiu tae atu ki te €500,000+; te aukati i ngā kawemai | Kāore he rongoā whakahaere; me whai tohutohu ture |
Nā te whakatinanatanga o te Wāhanga 3 o te ICS2, i oti i te Paenga-whāwhā 2025, i māmā ake ai te kite a te hunga o te mekameka tuku taonga o te EU i ngā whakapuakitanga utanga. Me tuku e ngā kaikawe he Whakapuakitanga Whakarāpopototanga Whakauru (ENS) katoa i mua i te taenga mai o ngā taonga, me whakauru te waehere HS mati-ono i runga i ngā pire ara rererangi matua me te nama CN mati-waru i runga i ngā pire ara whare. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ka taea e ngā tari tāke te kimi hapa whakarōpūtanga i mua i te taenga mai o te hua mō ngā kaikawemai Tiamana. Ka tangohia e tēnei te wā ārai i mua i te tuku i ngā whakatikatika kia puta puku i muri i te taenga mai o te uta. Mena ka puta he waehere hē i te wāhanga ENS, ka tohua pea te uta mō te tirotiro tinana, ka tāpirihia pea kia rua ki te toru rā ki te whakaaetanga me te hanga i tētahi tūemi whakahaere mōrearea i runga i te kōtaha o te kaikawemai.
Ngā Kāwai Hua Mōrearea-Tiketike mō ngā Kawemai Tiamana mai i Haina
Kāore i te rite te taumata o te mōrearea whakarōpūtanga o ngā momo hua katoa. Ina whānui te whakaingoatanga, ā, he rerekē rawa ngā reiti takoha puta noa i ngā pane iti e tata ana, ina tāpirihia rānei e te EU ētahi atu mehua hokohoko ki ētahi waehere, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te whakarōpūtanga hē. Ko te nuinga o ngā take nui o te waehere HS i waenga i ngā kawemai Tiamana me ngā kaiwhakarato Haina kei raro i ēnei rōpū e whai ake nei:
| Kāwai hua | Te Mahanga Hē o te Whakarōpūtanga | He aha te utu nui i Tiamana / EU |
| Te hikohiko kaihoko | Ngā kaikorero Nihokikorangi (8518) me ngā taputapu pāho reo irirangi (8527) | Te pikinga o te reiti mahi 0%–3.7%; te korenga pea e tutuki i ngā ture hangarau |
| Ngā waka hiko me ngā wāhanga | Te pane matua mō ngā pākahiko EV me te pane iti mō ngā BEV motuhake | Ngā takoha taupatupatu 7.8–35.3% (whakataunga EU, 2024) |
| Kakano me nga kakahu | Ngā wāhanga o te papanga me ngā wāhanga o te kākahu kua oti | Te reiti takoha 12%, ki te 12% me te aukati-tuku i ētahi taonga i ahu mai i Haina |
| Ngā hua rino me te konumohe | Te pane matua whakarewa whānui me te pane iti koranu motuhake | Ka pā ngā utu me ngā kuota tiaki a te EU ki ngā ture motuhake |
| Ngā taonga kai me ngā taonga ahuwhenua | Kāwai hou, kāwai tukatuka rānei; ngā taitara iti mō te rahi o te tōmato (ngā waehere hou o te tau 2025) | Ngā momo maimoatanga hauora rerekē, VAT, me te takoha |
| Pūhui matū | Te pane 'whakaritenga' whānui me te waehere matū motuhake | Te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga REACH, te raihana kawemai, ngā mana whakahaere whakamahi-rua |
He tino uaua ki te mārama ki te rino me te konumohe. Ko ngā ārai kawemai rino a te EU e pā ana ki ētahi taitara hua anake, ā, ka rerekē te tohatoha o te toha i ia tau. Mena ka whakamahia e te kawemai he taitara whānui "hua rino me te rino" hei utu mō te taitara koranu me te āhua tuturu, ka tīmata pea ngā tukanga tiaki kāore i whakamaheretia, ka ngaro rānei i a rātou ngā tohatoha toha kua whakahekehia pea te takoha. He roa te hītori o ngā tikanga Tiamana ki te tirotiro i ngā kaihokohoko rino me te konumohe, ā, nā te pēhanga ā-ao tonu ki te tirotiro i ngā taonga Haina i roto i ēnei kāwai, he tino kaha te whakatinanatanga.
Me pēhea te ārai i ngā hapa whakarōpū utu nui
Tonoa mō ngā Mōhiohio Taripa Here (BTI)
Ko te whakataunga a te Bundeszollverwaltung's Binding Tariff Information (BTI) te huarahi tino whaimana me te whai mana ture hei whakarite kia tika te whakarōpūtanga o tētahi hua i Tiamana. Ko te BTI he whakataunga tikanga mana e whakatakoto ana i te waehere TARIC tika mō tētahi taonga, ā, e toru tau te roa. Mena ka noho tonu te hua, ka whai parenga ture katoa te kaikawemai e whakamahi ana i te waehere BTI ki tētahi wero whakarōpūtanga ā muri ake nei. E hia marama te roa o te tono, ā, me tuku mai e koe ngā whakaahuatanga hua, ngā whakatakotoranga hangarau, tae atu ki ngā tauira o te hua. He mea tino tika tēnei mō ngā taonga utu nui, nui te rahinga ina he pōhēhē mō tā rātou whakarōpūtanga. Heoi, he whakapaunga e utua ana i roto i ētahi tuku.
Whakahaerehia ngā Arotake Whakarōpūtanga ā-Tau
I ia tau i te 1 o Hānuere, ka puta he putanga hou mō te Whakaingoa Whakakotahi a te EU. Ka whakahoutia te Pūnaha Whakahāngai a te WCO i ia rima tau, ā, ko te whakahoutanga nui e whai ake nei ka puta i te tau 2027. Heoi, ka mahia ngā huringa i ia tau i ngā taumata ā-motu me te EU. I te tau 2025, tera pea he waehere hē kei roto i tētahi rarangi hua i whakarōpūtia tika i te tau 2023, ahakoa kāore anō kia rerekē ngā hua. I mua i te whai mana o te rārangi utu o te tau hou, ko te huarahi tino tika hei tiaki i a koe ko te tirotiro i ngā waehere hua katoa e hohe ana ki te pātengi raraunga TARIC o nāianei i ia tau. He mahi nui tēnei mā ngā kawemai me ngā rau SKU, engari me mahi e rātou.
Kaua e Tāruatia te Waehere HS Kaweake a te Kaiwhakarato
Ko tētahi o ngā take matua e hē ai ngā whakapuakitanga kawemai a Tiamana, nā te mea ka tāpirihia e te tangata te waehere HS kaweake a te kaiwhakarato Haina ki te whakapuakitanga kawemai a te EU me te kore e whakaaroaro. Ko te pūnaha whakarōpūtanga kaweake a Haina e hangai ana ki te pūnaha WCO mati-ono kotahi, engari e whakamahi ana i ngā toronga mati-waru me te tekau motuhake i te CN me te TARIC a te EU. Haunga te rerekētanga o te maha o ngā mati, he take anō ā ngā kaiwhakarato Haina ki te whai i ngā ture kāore pea e rite ki te whakarōpūtanga pai rawa atu mō te kaikawe mai Tiamana. Hei tauira, mā te hanganga whakahokinga kaweake i Haina ka pai ake te kukume i tētahi pane iti mati-ono ki te kaiwhakarato, ahakoa ehara i te whakarōpūtanga kawemai tika a te EU. Ko ngā kaikawe mai Tiamana te kawenga katoa mō ā rātou whakapuakitanga kawemai; kāore e taea e rātou te whakamahi i ngā pepa a te kaiwhakarato ki te whakarōpū i ngā taonga hei parepare.
Me pēhea te āwhina a Topway Shipping i a koe ki te whakatau i te whakarōpūtanga tika
Ko ngā kaikawe mai e tiki taonga ana mai i Haina, ahakoa he kaihoko ahumahi kua roa e hokohoko ana, he umanga hokohoko ipurangi rānei e tipu haere ana, me whai hoa mahi kawe taonga e mōhio ana ki ngā tikanga tuku taonga, ehara i te mea ko te tuku taonga anake.
Kei Shenzhen te tūranga o Topway Shipping, ā, mai i te tau 2010 ka mahi rātou i ngā mahi kawe taonga o te ao. Neke atu i te 15 tau te roa o te wheako o te tīma whakatū o te kamupene ki ngā mahi kawe taonga o te ao me te whakawātea tikanga, me te nui o te mōhiotanga mō Haina me te kawe waka o Amerika, me te tipu haere o te hokohoko i waenga i a Haina me Ūropi. Hei whakatutuki i ngā ture HS, me mōhio koe ki te hononga o ngā kāwai kaweake Hainamana ki ngā whakaritenga kawemai a te EU me Tiamana, me ngā rerekētanga o ngā pūnaha e rua. He pūkenga motuhake tēnei e puta mai ana i te mahi i tēnei mahi i te nuinga o te wā, me te maha o ngā momo hua rerekē, i roto i te wā roa.
Ka hipokina e ngā ratonga a Topway te mekameka whakahaere katoa, mai i te wheketere, i te whare putunga rānei i Haina ki te tauranga kaweake, mai i tāwāhi. whare patu i ngā pokapū tohatoha Pākehā pērā i Tiamana ki te whakawātea tikanga i te pūtake me te ūnga, ā, i te mutunga ki te tuku whakamutunga puta noa i a Ūropi. Mā tēnei rautaki pito-ki-te-pito ka whakarite kia mahia te whakarōpūtanga waehere HS hei wāhanga o te tukanga mahi kotahi, kaua hei whakaaro i muri i te nama tuku. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei mō ngā pakihi hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe.
Kei te kamupene hoki ngā ratonga utanga moana ngāwari mō ngā ipu katoa (FCL) me ngā utanga iti iho i te ipu (LCL) mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga nui o te ao. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whakarerekē i te nui o ngā taonga e haria ana e rātou me te kore e whakakapi i ngā hoa mahi kawe, i ngā anga whakarōpū rānei. Ina whakahaerehia e te tīma kawe kotahi ngā pepa mō te taha takenga mai me te whakawātea tikanga mō te taha ūnga mai, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te tārua kore whakaaro o te HS kaweake Hainamana ki roto i te whakapuakitanga kawemai a te EU, kaua e te tūponotanga. Mō ngā umanga kua oti kē te arotake i muri i te whakawātea, te aromatawai rānei i te takoha, mā te mahi tahi me Topway ka hoatu ki a rātou te mōhiotanga umanga me te ara pepa e hiahiatia ana e rātou hei whakaatu kei te tutuki rātou i runga i te ngākau pono. He mea nui tēnei hei whakaaroaro mā te tikanga Tiamana e whakatau ai i te nui o te whiu hei whiu mā rātou.
Me aha mēnā kua hē kē koe i tētahi hapa whakarōpū
He mea noa ake i te mea e tika ana te kitea kua hē te whakarōpūtanga o tētahi mea i muri i tōna whitinga i ngā tikanga tāke. He rite tonu te hiranga o te whakautu ki te hapa tonu. E ai ki te Ture 173 o te Ture Tāke o te Kotahitanga o te EU, ka taea e te kaihoko kawemai te tono kia whakarerekētia he whakapuakitanga tāke i muri i te tukunga mēnā ka tutuki ētahi whakaritenga. Mēnā ka kitea te hapa i mua i te tīmatanga o te arotake, te mahi whakamana rānei a te mana tāke, ka utua e te kaihoko kawemai te tāke tika me ngā huamoni katoa e pā ana, me te kore he utu tāpiri. Ko te mea tuatahi hei mahi ko te whai i tēnei ara whakatikatika whai muri i te whakaaetanga.
Mena ka kitea te hapa i roto i te arotake tikanga, e mahia ana e te Bundeszollverwaltung i runga i te tūpono, i runga rānei i te tūpono, ka pāngia te putanga e te kaha ki te whakaatu i te hiahia ki te ripoata i te hapa me te whakapau kaha ki te whakatika. Ko te ture tikanga Tiamana, e whai ana i ngā ture whakamana a te EU, e wehewehe ana i waenga i ngā kawemai e mahi ana me ngā whakatikatika me te hunga e whakahē ana, e huna ana rānei i aua mea. E whakaae ana ngā tohunga ture hokohoko katoa ki te huarahi mahi pai: ina whiwhi koe i tētahi pānui arotake, utua he rōia tikanga whai tohu, he kaitohutohu ture hokohoko rānei, kaua e tuku atu i ētahi atu tuhinga kia arotakehia rā anō e tētahi tohunga, ā, puritia ō tuhinga whakarōpūtanga ā-roto katoa, ahakoa he aha tā rātou e whakaatu ana.
Opaniraa
Ehara i te mea he tikanga whakahaere noa iho te whakarōpūtanga mā te waehere HS ka taea e ngā tīma kawe taonga te tuku ki te pepa tākai a te kaiwhakarato. I roto i te pūnaha tikanga o Tiamana, he tino kaha te whakatinanatanga, he pūnaha whiu e pā ana ki ngā whenua katoa o te EU, me ngā taripa e tere ana te huri, ka pā kino te whakarōpūtanga hē ki tua atu i te kotahi tuku kua whakatikatikaina. Ko te whakahoutanga Whakaingoa Whakakotahi o Hanuere 2025, ngā whakaritenga whakapuakitanga matihiko ICS2 Wāhanga 3, me te whakamahinga o ngā takoha taupatupatu ki ngā waka hiko Hainamana kua nui ake te hiranga o te whakarōpūtanga tika me te aro turuki atu i ngā tau kua hipa.
Ko ngā kai kawemai pai rawa atu e aro ana ki tēnei mōrearea, ka mahi tahi rātou katoa i te mea kotahi: e kite ana rātou i te whakarōpūtanga hei mahi tutuki tonu, kaua hei mahi kotahi noa iho. Ka tono rātou mō ngā whakataunga BTI mō ngā hua uaua, ka tirohia ā rātou pātengi raraunga waehere kotahi i te tau, kāore e tārua i ngā waehere kaweake a ngā kaiwhakarato ki roto i ngā whakapuakitanga kawemai a te EU, ā, ka mahi tahi anake me ngā hoa mahi kawe taonga he rite te pai o ā rātou pūkenga whakakore tikanga ki ā rātou whatunga tuku utanga. Ko te rerekētanga i waenga i tētahi pakihi e rere ana i roto i ngā tikanga Tiamana me tētahi e pāngia ana e ngā aromatawai mahi whakamuri me ngā haki arotake ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakahaere i ēnei tukanga me te whiriwhiri i te hoa tika hei whakahaere i aua mea.
FAQs
Q: He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te waehere HS, te waehere CN, me te waehere TARIC?
A: Ka aroturukihia e te WCO te waehere HS, he whakarōpūtanga mati-ono o te ao. Ka tāpirihia e te Whakaingoa Whakakotahi (CN) a te EU kia rua ngā mati ki te whakarōpūtanga mati-waru e whakamahia ana e ngā whenua mema katoa. Ka tāpirihia e te TARIC kia rua atu ngā mati ki tēnei, ka eke te tapeke ki te tekau. Kei roto hoki i tēnei ko ngā kaupapa here hokohoko e motuhake ana ki te EU, pērā i ngā takoha ārai-tuku. E hiahiatia ana te waehere TARIC tekau-mati mō ngā whakapuakitanga kawemai Tiamana.
Q: Ka aha mēnā ka kitea e te tari tāke Tiamana tētahi uta kua hē te whakarōpūtanga?
A: Mō te hapa tuatahi i roto i te tari, he iti noa iho ngā hua ka puta, pērā i te whakahau whakatikatika me te whiu iti. Mō te mangere, ka uru pea ngā hua ki ngā aromatawai mahi-muri me ngā utu tāpiri tae atu ki te 100% o ngā mahi i karohia. Mō te tinihanga ātaahua, ka puta ngā hua ka puta ko te whakawakanga taihara me te aukati i ngā kawemai. Ko te urupare a te kai kawemai, inā koa mēnā ka mahi tahi rātou, ka tohatoha mōhiohio i mua, he pānga nui ki te putanga.
Q: Ka taea e au te whakamahi i te waehere HS a taku kaiwhakarato Hainamana i runga i te whakapuakitanga kawemai Tiamana?
A: Kāo. He toronga mati-waru, mati-tekau hoki ā Haina mō tana whakarōpūtanga kaweake kāore e ōrite ki ngā waehere EU CN me TARIC. He kawenga ture ā ngā kaikawemai Tiamana mō ā rātou ake whakapuakitanga, ā, kāore e taea te whakahua i te waehere kaweake a te kaiwhakarato hei parepare. Me whakarōpū tonu koe i a koe anō mā te whakamahi i te pātengi raraunga TARIC o nāianei.
Q: Kia pēhea te auau o te whakahoutanga a te EU i tana whakaingoatanga tikanga tāke?
A: Ka whiwhi mōhiohio hou te EU Combined Nomenclature i ia 1 o Hānuere. Ko te huringa hou rawa atu, i whai mana i te 1 o Hānuere, 2025, i tāpirihia he taitara iti hou mō ngā mea pēnei i te biofuel, ngā taonga kai, me ngā hau onge. Ka whakahoutia te Harmonized System a te WCO i ia rima tau, ā, ko te huringa nui e whai ake nei ka puta i te tau 2027.
Q: Me pēhea te āwhina a Topway Shipping ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te waehere HS mō ngā tuku mai i Haina ki Tiamana?
A: Kei roto i te otinga whakahaere katoa a Topway Shipping te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te whakawātea tikanga, pērā i te whakarite kia tika te whakarōpūtanga o ngā taonga i tōna takenga mai (Haina) me tōna ūnga (Tiamana/EU). Ka whakarite a Topway kia tae te waehere TARIC tika ki te whakapuakitanga tikanga Tiamana, kaua ki te waehere kaweake Hainamana. Koinei tētahi o ngā hapa tino noa me te utu nui i roto i te whakarōpūtanga. Neke atu i te 15 tau a Topway e mōhio ana ki ngā mahi whakahaere tikanga whakawhiti-rohe, ā, he nui te mōhiotanga mō ngā tikanga i Haina me te EU.
