Te Whakahaere i ngā Tikanga me ngā Tuhinga mō ngā Tukunga CNY ki Chile
Kupu Whakataki
Ko te Tau Hou Hainamana (CNY) he wā whakanui me te whakamātautau ahotea mō ngā mekameka tuku taonga huri noa i te ao. I te kati o ngā wheketere, ka puhoi haere ngā mahi tauranga, ka kī tonu ngā kaikawe taonga, ahakoa he hapa iti rawa i runga i ngā pepa taake ka taea te whakaroa i ngā wiki. I tēnei wā pukumahi o te tau, me whakarite e ngā kamupene e kaweake ana mai i Haina ki Chile kei te tika ā rātou taake me ā rātou pepa. Ehara i te mea ko te whai i ngā ture anake; he huarahi anō hoki hei anga whakamua i te whakataetae.
Kei Chile tētahi o ngā ōhanga tuwhera, tino pai hoki mō te hokohoko i Amerika Latina, engari ehara i te mea he "ngāwari" te mahi a te tari tāke. Mena kei te ngaro ō nama nama, kāore i te mārama ngā whakaahuatanga o ō hua, kei te hē ō waehere HS, kei te ngaro rānei ō tiwhikete, ka tirotirohia, ka puritia rānei e te tari tāke ō uta, inā koa kua pukumahi kē rātou ki te maha o ngā uta i mua atu, i muri mai hoki i te CNY. Ina tupu tēnei i te wā kāore i te maha ngā rā mahi i Haina, ka tino uaua ake te whakaoti rapanga.
Mā tēnei pou ka whakamāramahia te huarahi mahi mō te whakahaere i ngā tikanga tuku me ngā pepa mō ngā tuku i te wā CNY mai i Haina ki Chile. Ka kōrerohia e mātou te āhua o ngā tikanga tuku i Chile, ngā pepa nui me whakarite e koe, te wā me tuku atu i te wā CNY, me ngā huarahi motuhake hei ārai i ngā whakaroa. Ka kōrerohia hoki e mātou me pēhea e taea ai e ngā hoa mahi ratonga motuhake te āwhina i a koe kia noho haumaru i tēnei wā pukumahi o te tau.
Te Mārama ki te Horopaki Tukunga o te CNY
Ko te wā hararei roa rawa atu, nui rawa atu hoki i Haina, ko te wā i te nuinga o te wā ko te Tau Hou Hainamana. He maha ngā wheketere e kati katoa ana mō te kotahi ki te rua wiki, ko ētahi e mahi ana i te iti o te kaha mō te roa atu. I ngā wiki i mua i te hararei, he nui ngā pukapuka ka tukuna ki ngā kaikawe me ngā kaituku utanga, ā, he uaua ki ngā tīma kawe taonga o roto me ngā tīma pepa mahi te whai i ngā mahi. Ko te tikanga o tēnei he iti ake te wā o ngā kaituku ki Chile ki te mahi tika i ngā mea katoa.
Kei te haere tonu ngā kawemai ki Chile, engari he rerekē te rere o ngā utanga. I mua i te Tau Hou o te Tau Hou, ka puta mai ngā ngaru utanga i Haina, ā, ka tae mai ki Chile i roto i te wā poto noa iho. Me aro atu ngā kaitirotiro tikanga, ngā kaiwhakahaere tauranga, me ngā kamupene kawe taonga ā-rohe ki ēnei pikinga. Ka taea e tētahi raruraru iti o ngā pepa te huri hei raruraru nui e nui ai te moni mēnā ka puta i te wā kotahi me ngā raruraru o ētahi atu.
Te Hiahia ā-Wā i waenganui i Haina me Chile
He tino pukumahi te ara hokohoko i waenganui i a Haina me Chile i ngā mea pēnei i ngā hikohiko kaihoko, ngā taonga o te whare, ngā kakahu, ngā mīhini, me te maha atu o ngā kete hokohoko ipurangi. He maha ngā kaihoko kawemai me ngā kaihokohoko ipurangi o Chile e hoko taonga ana i mua i ngā wā hokohoko o te rohe, ka taea hoki tēnei te tupu i te wā kotahi e tere haere ana ngā tuku taonga o te CNY.
E hihiri ana ngā kaituku kaipuke ki te whakaroa i ā rātou wā hanga me te uta i mua i te Tau Hou o te Tau Hou, kia kore ai e roa rawa te pupuri i ngā taonga. Engari ki te roa rawa te tatari, ka piki ake te tūponotanga ka tere te mahi pepa, ka tirotirohia noa iho, ka kore rānei e tika te whakarite i waenga i te kaituku kaipuke, te kaituku utanga, me te kaihokohoko tikanga.
Ngā Mamae Noa i te Wā o te Tau Hou
Tērā ētahi wero e pā ana i ia tau i te wā o te CNY. Ka tukuna wawetia ngā nama hokohoko, ā, kāore i roto i aua nama ngā mōhiohio nui pērā i ngā waehere HS tika, ngā whakaahuatanga hua mārama rānei i te reo Ingarihi, i te reo Pāniora rānei. Tērā pea kāore ngā rārangi tākai e ōrite tika ki ngā moni nama, ā, ka raru pea ngā tari taake o Chile. Ka tukuna ngā pire utanga me ngā whakatikatika whakamutunga, kāore i te kitea i roto i ngā tuhinga katoa.
Waihoki, he maha ngā whakaroa o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. He tino uaua ki te whakautu i te wā tika mēnā ka tono atu ngā tari tāke i Chile mō ētahi atu kōrero, tuhinga rānei i te wā e hararei ana tō wheketere, tō rōpū pūtea rānei o Haina. Koia te mea nui ake i mua kia mataara tonu, kia whakarite hoki i ō tuhinga i te wā e tata ana ki te CNY.
Te Whenua Tikanga mō ngā Tukunga ki Chile
He mārama ngā ture me te pūnaha kei te mana whakahaere tikanga o Chile, te Servicio Nacional de Aduanas. Ko ngā utu, ngā takoha, me ngā tukanga e hangai ana ki ngā paerewa hokohoko o te ao, inā koa mō ngā taonga e ahu mai ana i ngā hoa mahi nui pēnei i a Haina. Ka tirotirohia tonutia e ngā kaitirotiro tikanga ngā mōkihi katoa e ahua koretake ana, e kore e ōrite, e whakapaetia ana rānei, inā koa mēnā he taonga utu nui, he taonga ture rānei kei roto.
Ina tae atu he uta ki Chile, ka tirohia e te tari tāke ngā tuhinga, ka aromatawai i te tūponotanga, ā, i ētahi wā ka tirohia anō te uta. Ko te momo hua, te uara i kīia, te whenua i ahu mai ai, te hītori o te kaikawemai, me te kounga o ngā tuhinga ka pā ki te āhua o te tūponotanga. I ngā wā pukumahi pēnei i te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete, ko te whāinga kia noho tonu ki te rōpū "iti te tūponotanga, te whakawātea auau". Koinei te wāhi e nui ai te pānga o ngā tuhinga kua tuhia pai.
Ngā Waehere Taripa me te Whakarōpūtanga Hua
Me mōhio ngā Tari Taake o Chile ki te whakarōpūtanga tika o te HS (Harmonized System). Ehara i te mea ko te nui o te takoha tāake me utu e koe anake ngā waehere utu, engari me kī atu hoki mēnā me whai whakaaetanga, tiwhikete, whakaaetanga hangarau rānei koe. Mēnā ka hē tō whakarōpūtanga i tētahi mea, ka mutu pea ka iti rawa, ka nui rawa rānei ō takoha, ka whiwhi whiu, ka huri rānei te whakarōpūtanga a ngā tari taake, ka utua anō koe mōna.
He maha ngā hua e tukuna ana mai i Haina ki Chile, kei raro i ngā whakaritenga utu pai, i ngā utu iti iho rānei, i runga i ngā whakaaetanga hokohoko me te momo taonga. Nā te mea ka hono pea te waehere HS ki tētahi utu motuhake, ki te hiahia rānei ki tētahi tiwhikete takenga mai, he mea nui ake kia tika te whakarōpūtanga. Ehara i te mea pai te whakaaro ka "manako noa" ngā tikanga tāke i tētahi waehere whānui i te wā o te CNY, ina koa mēnā he āhua tere te mahi pepa.
Ngā Taake me ngā Tūnga i Chile
Ina tae mai ngā hua ki Chile, me utu e rātou te taake tikanga (he iti noa iho tēnei mō te nuinga o ngā taonga, ā, i ētahi wā kāore rawa mō ētahi kāwai i raro i ngā whakaaetanga hokohoko) me te Taake Uara Tāpiri (IVA), arā, 19% te nuinga. Tērā pea he taake tāpiri, he takoha rānei mō ētahi momo hua anake.
Ko te uara CIF (Utu, Inihuarangi, me te Uta) te tikanga e whakamahia ana hei whakatau i te uara taake e ahu mai ana ēnei utu. Ko te tikanga me tika, me tuhi pai hoki te uara i kīia mō te utanga, me te utu kaipuke me te inihua. Mena kāore tō nama hokohoko me ngā tuhinga kaipuke e ōrite, ka whakahē pea te taake i te uara i kīia e koe, ka whakarerekē rānei, ka puta he whakaroa me te nui ake o ngā pepa mahi i te wā tino kino rawa atu.
Ngā tuhinga matua mō ngā tukunga CNY mai i Haina ki Chile
Kāore ngā mana whakahaere tikanga o Chile e tono ana mō ngā pepa tauhou, engari e hiahia ana rātou kia oti, kia ōrite, kia mārama hoki ngā mea katoa. Mō ngā kaipuke e wehe atu ana i Haina i te wā o te CNY, he mea tino nui te nama hokohoko, te rārangi tākai, te tuhinga kawe (pēnei i te Pire Utaina, te Pire Huarahi Rererangi rānei), te tiwhikete takenga mai mēnā e hiahiatia ana, me ngā whakaaetanga me ngā tiwhikete hua e hiahiatia ana.
Anei tētahi rārangi o ngā tuhinga nui me ngā mea hei aro atu māu i te wā pukumahi o te Tau Hou hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakaaroaro i ngā hiahia.
| tuhinga | I tukuna e | Te Whainga Matua | Ngā Tuhipoka mō te Wā o te Tau Hou |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nama Nama | Kaihoko / Kaihoko | E whakaatu ana i te uara, ngā tikanga, me ngā taipitopito hua | Kia mārama te whakamārama taipitopito o ngā whakaahuatanga, ngā waehere HS, ngā Incoterms, me te moni. |
| Rārangi Whakamutunga | Kaihoko / Whare Putunga | E whakaatu ana i ngā taipitopito me ngā rahinga o te tākai | Me whakarite kia rite ngā rahinga, ngā taumaha, me ngā takai ki te nama. |
| Pire Uta (B/L) ranei Rererangi Waybill (AWB) | Kaikawe / Kaikawe Kawe | Taunakitanga o te kawe me te taitara o ngā taonga | Tirohia anō te ingoa o te kaituku, te kaiwhiwhi, te rōpū whakamōhio, me te whakaahuatanga o te utanga i mua i te Tau Hou o Amerika. |
| Tiwhikete Tuhinga o mua | Chamber of Commerce or Mana | Whakaū i te takenga mai mō ngā take takoha/taake | Whakarite wawe; ka taea e te katinga o ngā hararei te whakaroa i te tukunga, i ngā whakatikatika rānei. |
| Kaupapahere Inihuara / Tiwhikete | Kaiwhakarato Inihua | E whakaatu ana i te kapinga i te wā e haere ana | Whakahāngaihia te uara inihua ki te nama me ngā tikanga tuku hei karo i ngā pātai aromatawai. |
| Ngā Whakaaetanga / Raihana Motuhake | Kaihoko, Kaihomai, Mana Whakahaere rānei | Te whakatutukitanga i ngā ture hauora, haumaru, hangarau rānei | Whakaūtia ngā wā arahi—tērā pea ka roa ake ēnei ina he kaimahi taketake kei ngā tari. |
| Ngā Kōnae Raraunga Hokohoko Ipurangi (mō ngā tuku mōkihi) | Kaiwhakarato Pūhara / Ratonga Whakahaere | Whakaratohia ngā taipitopito taumata-taonga mō te tukunga nui | Manatokohia ngā whakatakotoranga raraunga me ngā waehere i mua i te wā hei karo i ngā whakakorenga a te pūnaha i te wā e piki haere ana te kaha. |
Me kōrero kotahi te kōrero mō ēnei pepa katoa. Me rite te taonga kei runga i tō nama nama ki te mea kei runga i tō rārangi tākai me te tuhinga tuku, tae atu ki te tauira, te rauemi, te mahi rānei mēnā he tika. Ko tētahi o ngā take e pā ana ki ngā pātai tikanga i Chile ko te kore e ōrite ngā mea.
Nama Tauhokohoko: Te Poutokomanawa o āu Pepa Tau Hou
Ko te tikanga, ka tirohia e ngā āpiha tikanga te nama hokohoko i te tuatahi kia kitea ai he aha ngā mea e kawea mai ana ki te whenua me te nui o tōna uara. Ina tukuna he mea ki Chile, kaua e kī noa "ngā taputapu hiko" me "ngā kākahu" rānei. Engari, me homai e koe he whakaahuatanga mārama, taipitopito pēnei i te "He taringaoro ahokore Nihokikorangi, kei runga i te taringa, kei roto te pākahiko lithium" me te "Ngā T-hāte miro tāne, 100% miro, he tānga, he momo tae."
Me mārama hoki te rārangi o te nama nama i te waehere HS mō ia taonga, te utu mō ia wae, te utu katoa, te Incoterm (hei tauira, FOB Shenzhen, CIF Valparaíso rānei), te moni, me ngā tikanga utu. Mena kei te whakamahi koe i tētahi whakaritenga utu pai i roto i tētahi whakaaetanga hokohoko, me ōrite ki te waehere HS me tētahi tiwhikete takenga mai e haere tahi mai ana. I te wā e tere ana te CNY, kaua e whakamahi noa i ngā tauira mai i ngā tuku o mua hei tirotiro i ngā nama nama. Kia mahara kei a koe te wā i roto i tō maramataka hei mahi tika.
Ko tētahi atu mea whai hua hei whakaaroaro ko te reo. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te reo Hainamana i roto i tō pakihi, engari me reo Ingarihi, me reo Pāniora rānei ngā nama i tukuna ki ngā tari taake o Chile. He pai pea ngā nama reo-rua, engari me rite tonu. Mena kāore e ōrite ngā whakaahuatanga reo Ingarihi me te reo Hainamana, ka pātai pea te tangata. He mea nui tēnei mena he maha ngā waehere HS kei roto i tō hua i runga i te āhua o tana mahi, i te mea rānei i hangaia ai.
Rārangi Tākai: Te Whakataurite i te Ao Tūroa
E whakaatu ana te rārangi tākai i te āhua tūturu o te taonga, ko te nama hokohoko ia e whakaatu ana i te uara me ngā tikanga o te hoko. E whakaatu ana i te āhua o te tākai o ngā taonga, te maha o ngā pouaka, te taumaha kupenga me te taumaha katoa, tae atu ki te āhua o te whakatakotoranga o ngā papa. I te mutunga o ngā mahi whakaputa me te tatau i ngā kātene, he maha ngā wā ka whakarerekētia te rārangi tākai mō ngā tuku i te wā o te CNY i te meneti whakamutunga, ka arahi pea tēnei ki ngā hapa.
Hei whakaiti i te mōrearea, me taurite te rārangi tākai ki te nama hokohoko, rārangi ki te rārangi, ki te nama hokohoko. Tērā pea ka whakaaro te Tari Taake he hē te nama, te rārangi tākai rānei mēnā e kī ana te nama he 1,000 ngā waeine o tētahi hua, ā, e kī ana te rārangi tākai he 950 ngā waeine. Me tatari tonu pea koe kia mārama te raruraru, ahakoa kāore he mahi tinihanga e puta ana. He uaua ake tēnei ina haere ngā kaimahi nui ki te hararei.
Ko tētahi atu mahi atamai ko te whakarite kia ōrite ngā tohu kei runga i ngā kātene (ngā tapanga kei waho o ia pouaka) ki ngā mōhiohio kei runga i te rārangi tākai. Mena he rerekē ngā tau kātene, ngā ingoa hua, ngā waehere SKU rānei, me whakatuwhera pea e te āpiha tikanga i Chile he maha atu ngā kātene i te mea e tika ana, ka roa pea te wā. He tino kino tēnei i te wā o te CNY nā te mea ka nui haere ngā tirotiro ina tae mai he maha ngā uta i te wā kotahi.
Ngā Tuhinga Kawe: Pire Uta me te Pire Huarahi Rererangi
Tō pire utanga (mō waka moana) he pire rererangi ranei (mo haurangi) ehara i te mea he kirimana tuku taonga noa iho; he tuhinga tikanga hoki. Tērā pea ka tirohia e ngā āpiha tikanga i Chile mēnā e ōrite ana ngā mōhiohio kei runga i te pire utanga ki te nama me te rārangi tākai. Nā reira, me tino tika te whakaahuatanga o te utanga kia ōrite ki te nama, ahakoa he whakarāpopototanga.
I mua i te Tau Hou Hainamana, kei raro i te pēhanga nui ngā kaikawe me ngā kaituku utanga kia tere te tuku tuhinga kawe, ā, kei te hiahia nui ngā kaituku utanga ki te uta i ā rātou utanga. Koinei te wā ka tīmata ai ngā hapa, pērā i ngā ingoa hē mō te kaiwhiwhi, ngā wāhitau tawhito, ngā mōhiohio whakamōhiotanga ngaro rānei. Tērā pea me tatari roa koe kia hurihia tō pire utanga i muri i te tīmatanga o te Tau Hou Hainamana, tērā pea he iti ngā kaimahi o ngā tīma e whakahaere ana i ngā pepa.
Ina tukuna mā te moana, he mea nui kia mōhio koe mēnā he FCL (utaina ipu katoa) he LCL rānei (iti iho i te uta ipu) tō uta. He tino pāngia ngā utanga LCL whakakotahi e ngā raruraru pepa nā te mea kotahi te hapa o ngā pepa ka roa pea te whakakotahitanga katoa. He mea pai kia mahi tahi koe me tō kaituku utanga kia mārama ai koe ki ā rātou rā kati mō te whakakotahitanga me ngā pepa, inā koa i te wiki i mua i te CNY.
Ngā Tiwhikete, Ngā Whakaaetanga, me ngā Whakaritenga Motuhake mō te Hua
Ko ētahi o ngā mea e tae mai ana i Haina ki Chile me whai whakaaetanga, tiwhikete rānei, pērā i ngā tiwhikete akuaku, tiwhikete hauora tipu, tiwhikete hanganga hangarau, tiwhikete haumaru rānei. Hei tauira, ko ētahi kai, whakapaipai, me ngā hikohiko ka pāngia pea e ngā ture me ngā whakaritenga kaha ake.
Ko te raruraru i te wā o te Tau Hou o Amerika (CNY) ko ngā tari e tuku ana, e manatoko ana rānei i ēnei tuhinga, tera pea he wā hararei anō ā rātou, i Haina, i Chile rānei. Mēnā ka kitea e koe i te meneti whakamutunga e hiahia ana koe ki tētahi tiwhikete, tērā pea kāore e taea e koe te tiki i mua i te rite o tō utanga. Ka noho koe ki tētahi wāhi uaua: ka taea e koe te whakaroa i te tuku, te tuku rānei, me te tumanako kāore he raruraru ki ngā tikanga ina tae mai.
Hei karo i tēnei āhuatanga, whakamahia ngā wiki me ngā marama i mua i te Tau Hou o Amerika ki te tirotiro i tō raina hua, me te whakarite kei te whai koe i ngā ture katoa. Pātai atu ki tō kaihoko tikanga i Chile mēnā kua whai mana ētahi here hou, mēnā rānei kua nekehia ētahi hua ki ngā kāwai mōrearea rerekē. Kia mōhio koe ki ngā pepa e hiahiatia ana e koe, hoatu he wā nui ki a koe hei whakarite i mua i ō rā uta kua whakaritea.
Te Whakahaere i ngā Tuhinga Whai Wā Tata ki te CNY
Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakahaere i ngā mahi a te iwi me ngā mahi pepa i te wā o te Tau Hou o Haina, me whakaaro koe ki te wā hei rauemi nui māu. Ina tīmata te wā hararei i Haina, he iti ake te wā hei whakatika i ngā raruraru. Ko te tikanga he mea nui te whakamahere i mua, te aroturuki i ngā putanga rerekē, me te mahi tahi i runga ipurangi.
Ko te whakatakoto i ngā "whakamutunga o te CNY" ā-roto i mua atu i ngā rā whakamutunga o tō kaituku utanga he huarahi pai ki te mahi i tēnei. Hei tauira, ki te hiahia tō kaituku utanga kia tukuna ngā tuhinga whakamutunga e toru ngā rā i mua i te wehenga o te kaipuke, ka taea e koe te whakarite i tētahi rā kati ā-roto mō te whakaoti i te nama me te rārangi tākai e whitu ngā rā i mua i tērā. He wā anō tōu ki te whakatika i ngā raruraru me te tiki waitohu, tāmi rānei i mua i te kati o te tari.
He whai hua anō hoki ngā taputapu matihiko. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tūāpapa tuhinga tiritahi, ngā tauira ōrite, me ngā tikanga whakaae mārama, ka iti ake te tūponotanga ka tukuna e te tangata he īmēra matapōkere e ngaro ana i roto i ngā pouakaroto pukumahi. Me mōhio te katoa e whai wāhi ana, tae atu ki te kaweake, te kaikawemai, te kaikawe utanga, me te kaihokohoko tikanga, ki hea e tiki ai i te putanga hou o ia tuhinga. Mā tēnei tuwhera ka āwhina i ngā tīma ki te karo i te kore whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te mahi i te mea kotahi i te wā e pukumahi ana rātou i te wā o te Tau Hou.
Te tukutahi me ngā Maramataka Hararei Hainamana me Chilean
Ko te hononga o ngā maramataka hararei i Haina me Chile tētahi atu mea e warewarehia ana e te tangata. Ko te CNY te hararei tino nui i Haina, engari he hararei mana anō hoki a Chile me ōna ake wā pukumahi o te tau. Ka taea e te uta e wehe atu ana i Haina i mua tata atu i te CNY te tae ki Chile i te wā hararei ā-rohe, ka nui ake pea te whakaroa.
I te wā e hanga ana i tō rārangi tuku, tirohia ngā maramataka e rua hei karo i tēnei tūponotanga. Tuhia he rārangi o ngā rā nui, pērā i ngā rā whakamutunga e tuwhera ai tō wheketere me te kaikawe utanga i mua i te Tau Hou o Amerika, te wā e tika ana kia wehe atu te kaipuke, te wā e tika ana kia tae mai ki ngā tauranga o Chile, me ngā hararei o Chile, ngā wā pukumahi rānei ka taea te whakaroa i te tukatuka a te tari taake. Ka kitea e koe ngā "rohe tūponotanga" i runga i te rārangi wā katoa ina he iti noa te whakaroa ka raru pea tō tuku i te wā iti o te kaha i ngā pito e rua o te mekameka tuku.
Ngā Rautaki Whai Hua hei Ārai i ngā Whakaroa o te Tikanga
Kāore e taea e tetahi te whakakore rawa i te tūponotanga o te raruraru i te wā o te Tau Hou o te Reo Pākehā (CNY), engari he maha ngā mea ngāwari ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru ki ngā tikanga tāke i Chile. Ko te tuatahi ko te tono kia tika, kia oti hoki ngā whakarōpūtanga me ngā whakaahuatanga o ngā hua. Ki te hiahia koe kia tino whakarōpūtia ō hua, mahi tahi me tētahi e mōhio ana ki ō hua me ngā ture whakarōpūtanga HS. Tērā pea he tohunga o roto, he kaihoko tikanga tāke, he kaitohutohu rānei e tohunga ana ki tēnei mara.
Ko te tikanga tuarua ko te whakarite kia ōrite katoa ō tuhinga. I a koe e whakarite ana ki te tuku taonga ki Chile i te wā o te tihi o te CNY, whakaarohia ō pepa mahi hei kete kotahi, kaua hei huinga puka motuhake. Tirohia te nama, te rārangi tākai, me ngā pepa tuku, rārangi i te rārangi, inā koa mō ngā mea he nui te utu, he tairongo rānei. Tērā pea he nui te mahi, engari he tere ake i te mahi i muri mai me te pupuri i ngā taonga i roto i te tari tāke.
Ko te tuatoru o ngā huarahi hei whakaoti i ngā mahi ko te whakarite kia taea e koe te kōrero mārama ki tō kaihoko tikanga i Chile. Hoatu ngā taipitopito o te utanga ki a rātou i te wā tuatahi, ā, tonoa rātou kia tirohia ngā tuhinga tauira i mua i te otinga, i te iti rawa mō ō ipu tino nui. Ka taea e ā rātou kōrero te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatika i ngā raruraru i a tō tīma i Haina e noho tonu ana. Mena he āhuatanga mōrearea e mōhiotia ana, pērā i ngā kāwai hua kua uaua i mua, me whakamōhio atu ki te iwi mō ēnei mea i mua kia taea ai te whakaiti i te pānga.
Ngā Whakaaro Motuhake mō ngā Tukunga Hokohoko Ipurangi
Kua tere te pikinga o te hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe i waenganui i a Haina me Chile, inā koa i roto i ngā wāhanga hikohiko, ahua, me ngā taonga kāinga. He rerekē te mahi a te hokohoko ipurangi i te mahi a te utanga tuku iho. Hei tauira, hei utu mō ētahi ipu nui mō ia kawemai, ka taea e ngā mano tini o ngā mōkihi iti e haere ana mā te mēra, mā ngā hongere tere rānei, me ngā tuku B2C whakakotahi.
Mō ēnei nekehanga, he nui ake te hanga tuhinga i runga i ngā raraunga. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e te Tari Manatū ngā kōnae raraunga hiko me ngā mōhiohio taumata-taonga, pērā i ngā whakaahuatanga hua, ngā uara, ngā waehere HS, ngā taipitopito kaihoko, me ngā tohutoro ota, kaua ki te kotahi noa te nama me te rārangi tākai. I te wā o te CNY, me mahi ngā papaaho me ngā kamupene kawe taonga ki te maha atu o ngā raraunga, ā, tērā pea ka tino pukumahi ngā pūnaha tari manatū i Chile.
Me mārama, me rite hoki ngā raraunga o tō hua, kia kore ai e puta he raruraru ina mārama. Me mārama ngā whakaahuatanga, kaua hoki e kī tonu i ngā kupu hokohoko kāore e mārama. Me ōrite ngā waehere HS ki ngā hua e hokona ana, ā, me whakaatu ngā uara e whakaaturia ana i ngā utu hoko tuturu, kaua ki ngā utu tino iti. Kei te aro nui ake ngā āpiha tikanga hokohoko puta noa i te ao, inā koa i Amerika Latina, ki ngā mōkihi hokohoko ipurangi iti te uara. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka kitea ngā raraunga kino.
Mena he kaihoko hokohoko ipurangi koe e tuku ana ki Chile mā te whakamahi i ngā otinga whakawhiti-rohe motuhake, kia mōhio koe ki tō kaiwhakarato ratonga kawe taonga i mua i te CNY. Kia mōhio koe ki ā rātou rā kati mō te CNY, ngā hiahia hōputu motuhake mō ngā raraunga, me te roa o te wā e tae atu ai ki reira me te mārama ki ngā tikanga tuku. Mā tēnei pea ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakapuaki i ngā kupu whakaari mō ngā wā tuku ka taea e koe te pupuri ki ngā kiritaki Chilean, me te karo i te kino o tō ingoa mā te mea kia roa ake tā rātou tatari i te wā i whakaritea.
Tauira Tauira: He Tukunga Hikohiko Kaihoko ki Chile i te wā CNY
Whakaarohia tētahi kaihoko kawemai nō Chile e tono ana i ngā ipu e rua o ngā taputapu kaihoko, tae atu ki ngā mataaratanga atamai me ngā paneoro ahokore, mai i ngā kaiwhakarato i Shenzhen me Dongguan. Ka tukuna ngā taonga ki San Antonio, Chile, tata ki te kotahi marama i muri mai, kotahi wiki i mua i te Tau Hou Hainamana. E hiahia ana te kaihoko kawemai kia tere te tukatuka i ngā utanga kia taea ai e rātou te tuku anō i mua i te kaupapa pānuitanga ā-rohe.
Ki te kore koe e tiaki i ō pepa mahi, he maha ngā mea ka hē. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e te nama hokohoko ngā kupu whānui pēnei i te "pūrere oro" me te "pūrere mau," ā, tērā pea ka tārua i ngā waehere HS mai i tētahi tuku o mua he rerekē ngā whakaritenga hangarau. Tērā pea kāore te rārangi tākai e whakaatu ko ēhea ngā taonga he tauira, ko ēhea he taputapu, ā, ka hē pea te tau o ia taonga ka tukuna. Ka taea e te pire uta te kī noa "hikohiko" mō te tuku, ā, kāore e pai ake ai te āhua o te tari tāke.
Whakaarohia he huarahi pai ake te whakarite mō te mahi i ngā mea. Ka whakaae te kaihoko ki tāwāhi me te kaihoko kawemai ki ngā whakaahuatanga taonga paerewa me ngā waehere HS i mua i ngā wiki. Ka tirohia e te kaihoko tikanga i Chile ēnei waehere. He rārangi motuhake tō te nama hokohoko mō ia tauira, me ngā mōhiohio hangarau tika me ngā uara CIF. Kua whakaritea te rārangi tākai kia ōrite ki ngā rārangi kei runga i te nama, ā, e whakamahia ana e ngā tapanga kātene ngā ID SKU ōrite. He whakaahuatanga taipitopito ake tō te pire uta, pērā i te "He paneoro Nihokikorangi Ahokore me ngā mataarataki atamai mō te whakamahinga a te kaihoko, kāore e mōrearea."
Ina tae ngā ipu ki Chile, ka taea e ngā pūnaha tikanga te kite kei te tika ngā pepa katoa, ā, kei te whai i tētahi tauira mārama. Ahakoa he tirotiro matapōkere, he momo hua rānei hei whiriwhiri i tētahi ipu hei tirotiro, mā te mārama o ngā pepa ka pai ake te haere o te tukanga, ka tere ake hoki. Ahakoa i uaua ake ngā mahi a te CNY mō ngā mahi kawe uta, ka tae mai ngā taonga ki te kaikawemai i te wā tika mō tā rātou kaupapa.
Te mahi tahi me Topway Shipping mō te CNY Maeneene – Chile Logistics
He uaua pea te whakahaere i ngā mahi a te tari me ngā pepa i te wā o te Tau Hou o te Reo Pākehā (CNY), inā koa mō ngā pakihi kāore i te tino mōhio ki ngā mahi tuku kaipuke ki tāwāhi. Ka taea e tētahi hoa mahi kawe taonga mohio te āwhina i tēnei āhuatanga. Ka taea e koe te mahi tahi me tētahi hoa mahi e mōhio ana ki te mekameka katoa, mai i te kuaha wheketere i Haina ki te tuku whakamutunga ki Chile, kaua e mahi tahi me ētahi atu kaihoko.
Kei Shenzhen, Haina a Topway Shipping, ā, he kaiwhakarato ngaio mō ngā otinga whakahaere tauhokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe mai i te tau 2010. Neke atu i te 15 tau te wheako o te tīma whakatū i roto i ngā mahi whakahaere tauhokohoko o te ao me te whakakore i ngā tikanga tuku iho, me te arotahi motuhake ki Haina me te Hononga o Amerika. He tino whai hua hoki taua pūkenga ki te whakahaere i ngā hongere tauhokohoko uaua, e aro nui ana ki te wā, mō ngā huarahi i waenga i Haina me Chile me ētahi atu wāhanga o Amerika Latina.
Ka tukuna e Topway Shipping te whānuitanga o ngā ratonga kawe taonga, pērā i te kawe waka tuatahi mai i ngā wheketere me ngā whare putunga puta noa i Haina, tae atu ki tāwāhi. whare patu i ngā wāhi rautaki, te āwhina ki te whakawātea i ngā tikanga tuku iho, me ngā otinga tuku whakamutunga mō ngā rerenga hokohoko ipurangi me ngā rerenga kawemai tuku iho. Ka tukuna e Topway ngā ratonga ngāwari mō te utaina ipu katoa (FCL) me te iti iho i te utaina ipu (LCL) mō ngā utanga moana mai i Haina ki ngā tauranga matua o te ao. Ka taea te whakarite i ēnei ratonga kia rite ki ō huringa hoko me ngā huringa taonga.
I te ao tūturu, ko te tikanga o tēnei ka taea e Topway te āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite i ō pepa mahi i mua i te tere o te Tau Hou, me whakarite kia tutuki ō pukapuka kaipuke me ō pukapuka rererangi i ō wā mutunga, me te mahi tahi me ngā kaihoko tikanga me ngā hoa mahi whakamutunga kia tere tonu ai ō tuku kaipuke ina raru ana ētahi atu. Mō ngā kamupene e tuku kaipuke ana ki Chile i te wā o te Tau Hou, ko te whai i taua momo āwhina whakauru, e ahu mai ana i ngā wheako, te rerekētanga i waenga i te wā marino me te wā pukumahi.
Opaniraa
I te Tau Hou Hainamana, kāore pea e tino "ngawari" te tuku taonga mai i Haina ki Chile, engari kāore e tika kia raru. Ko ngā rā kati poto, ko ngā tīma tuhinga kapi tonu, me te iti o te ngāwari ina tīmata ngā hararei koia ngā raruraru nui. Heoi anō, mā te whakamahere tupato me te whakatinanatanga pakari ka āwhina.
Ko ngā tuhinga pakari te mea nui ki te angitu o ngā mahi kawe taonga mō te CNY. Ko tō pūkete tikanga i Chile he mea tito mai i tētahi nama hokohoko mārama, katoa, he rārangi tākai tika, me ngā tuhinga whakawhiti kua tirohia tika. Mēnā he rite ēnei ki te whakarōpūtanga HS tika, he utu tika, me ngā whakaaetanga, ngā tiwhikete rānei e hiahiatia ana, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka puta ō uta me te kore he raruraru, inā koa i ngā wā pukumahi.
He rite tonu te hiranga o te whakahaere i tō wā. Ka taea e koe te tiaki i a koe anō mai i ngā ohorere o te meneti whakamutunga mā te tautuhi wawe i ngā rā kati ā-roto, te whakarite i ngā maramataka hararei o Haina me Chile, me te whakauru i tō kaihoko tikanga i mua i te wā. Mō ngā tuku hokohoko ipurangi, he pai te whakapau moni ki ngā raraunga ma, rite tonu hoki nā te mea ka pai ake te haere o te tukatuka aunoa, ā, ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā whakakorenga pūnaha me ngā wawaotanga ā-ringa.
Hei whakamutunga, mā te mahi tahi me tētahi kamupene kawe taonga e mōhio ana ki ngā mahi tuku kaipuke whakawhiti-rohe, ka māmā ake pea ngā mahi māu. Mā tētahi hoa mahi e mōhio ana ki te mahi a ngā mea i Haina me Chile, ā, ka taea e ia te whakahaere i ngā mahi tuatahi, ngā mahi matua, ngā mahi tari, ngā mahi putunga, me ngā mahi whakamutunga, ka āwhina i a koe ki te huri i te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete mai i te uaua o ia tau hei wāhanga noa o tō huringa pakihi, ka taea te whakahaere. Mā te tika o ngā pepa me te āwhina, ka taea e koe te tuku tonu i ngā mea ki Chile ahakoa ka mutu te toenga o te ao ki te whakanui.
FAQs
Q: Ko tēhea te wā pai ki te tuku kaipuke mai i Haina ki Chile hei karo i ngā whakaroa o te CNY?
A: Me whai kia rite ō taonga mō te tuku i te iti rawa i te rua ki te toru wiki i mua i te wā hararei matua o te Tau Hou o Amerika. Mā tēnei ka nui te wā hei whakaoti i ngā pepa, hei tirotiro i ngā mea katoa i te pūtake, ā, kia mōhio kei a koe he wāhi ki ngā kaikawe i mua i ngā wā tino pukumahi. Ki te kore e taea e koe te tuku wawe atu, kia tino tika ō pepa. Kia kati ngā wheketere me ngā tari, ka uaua ake te whakatika i ngā hapa.
Q: Ko ēhea ngā tuhinga e tino hiahiatia ana mō te whakawātea i ngā tikanga tāke i Chile?
A: Ko te nama hokohoko, te rārangi tākai, me te tuhinga kawe (Bill of Lading mō te utanga moana, Air Waybill rānei mō te utanga rererangi) ngā pepa tino nui mō te nuinga o ngā tuku. Tērā pea ka hiahia koe ki tētahi tiwhikete takenga mai, he tiwhikete inihua, me ētahi atu whakaaetanga, tiwhikete rānei, pērā i ngā whakaaetanga hauora, haumaru rānei, i runga i te taonga. Ka mahi anō hoki ngā kōnae raraunga hiko me ngā taipitopito taumata-taonga mō ngā tuku hokohoko ipurangi.
Q: Kia pēhea te taipitopito o ngā whakaahuatanga hua mō taku nama hokohoko?
A: Me mārama ngā whakaahuatanga o ō hua kia taea ai e te tangata kāore i te mōhio ki tō pakihi te kī he aha te taonga, he aha ngā mahi, me ngā mea kei roto. Engari kaua e kī "hikohiko", me kī "He taringaoro ahokore Nihokikorangi, kei runga i te taringa, me te hopuoro kua whakauruhia." Mā ngā whakaahuatanga mārama ka āwhina ngā tari tāke ki te tirotiro i te waehere HS, ā, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whakarerekē, te whakautu rānei i ētahi atu pātai.
Q: Ka aha mēnā kāore taku nama me taku rārangi tākai e tino ōrite?
A: I te nuinga o te wā ka pātai, ka tirotiro rānei ngā tari tāke i ngā mōkihi ina kore e ōrite te nama me te rārangi tākai, pērā i te mea he rerekē ngā rahinga, ngā taumaha, ngā ingoa hua rānei. I Chile, ka pupuri pea ngā tari tāke i tō uta kia whakatikahia rā anō te hapa. He raruraru nui tēnei mēnā kei te hararei CNY tō kamupene i Haina, ā, kāore e taea te whakaputa wawe i ngā tuhinga hou. I mua i te utaina, he pai ake te kimi me te whakatika i ngā hapa.
Q: He mea tika kia mahi tahi me tētahi kaihoko tikanga i Chile mō ngā tuku taonga i runga i te CNY?
A: Ka mahi ētahi o ngā kamupene kawemai nui i ā rātou ake mahi tāke, engari he pai ake te mahi a te nuinga o ngā pakihi ina whakamahia he kaihokohoko tāke mātau, inā koa i ngā wā pukumahi pēnei i te CNY. Ka taea e te kaihokohoko e mōhio ana ki ō hua te āwhina i a koe ki te tirotiro i ngā waehere HS, ki te whakatau i ngā pepa e hiahiatia ana e koe, me te kōrero ki te tari tāke mēnā he raruraru āu. Mā ā rātou tohutohu i mua i te CNY koe e āwhina ki te karo i ngā raruraru maha e pā ana ki te wā whakawātea.
Q: Me pēhea e taea ai e tētahi kaiwhakarato ratonga kawe taonga pēnei i a Topway Shipping te āwhina i ngā tuhinga i te wā o te Tau Hou o Amerika?
A: Ka taea e tētahi kamupene kawe taonga ngaio te āwhina nui i a koe i mua i te rite o tō uta ki te tuku. Tērā pea ka hoatu e rātou he puka paerewa ki a koe, ka tirohia ngā tauira mō te katoa, ka mahi tahi me ō kaiwhakarato, ā, ka whakarite kia ōrite ngā mōhiohio i roto i tō rārangi tākai, nama nama, me ngā pepa tuku. I te wā o te Tau Hou o te Kirihimete, ka āwhina hoki rātou ki te whakahaere i ngā pukapuka, te aroturuki i ngā utanga, me te mahi tahi me ngā kaihoko tikanga me ngā hoa mahi whakamutunga kia pai ai te haere o ō uta ki Chile, ahakoa he tono ā-wā.
