Momwe Mungatumizire Katundu Wamkulu Kapena Wolemera Kuchokera ku China Kupita ku UK Ndi Sitima
Introduction
Katundu wa njanji Kuchokera ku China kupita ku UK tsopano ndi malo abwino pakati pa nyanja ndi mpweya. Ndi yachangu kuposa nyanja, nthawi zambiri yotsika mtengo kuposa mpweya, komanso yodalirika kwambiri pamitundu ina ya katundu. Sitima yapamtunda imakopa makamaka katundu wamkulu kapena wolemera chifukwa imachepetsa nthawi yayitali yokhala padoko, imapewa kusakhazikika kwa nthawi yapanyanja, ndipo imatha kunyamula zolemera zamafakitale zokhala ndi masitepe ochepa kuposa njira zambiri zomwe zimasuntha pakati pa malo osungiramo katundu.
Komabe, mawu akuti "okulirapo" ndi "olemera" si mawu okha omwe timagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza zinthu. Amasintha momwe katundu wanu amapakira, kuyeza, kulola, kunyamula, kutsimikizira, ndi kuchotsedwa. Katundu wamba wokhala ndi ma pallet ndi wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, koma ngati chidutswa chimodzi chili chachitali kwambiri, chofuna crane, kapena chikufunika kumangidwa mwapadera, chingakhale chovuta kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsani momwe mungatumizire makina akuluakulu, zipangizo zomangira, zida zamafakitale, ndi katundu wina wosakhala wamba ndi sitima kuchokera ku China kupita ku UK. Imayang'ana kwambiri pakukonzekera, mapepala, njira, kuyang'anira zoopsa, ndi zisankho zomwe zimapangitsa kuti katunduyo azidziwikiratu.
Chifukwa Chake Sitima Imagwira Ntchito Bwino Pa Katundu Waukulu Kapena Wolemera
Mphamvu ya sitima ndi kukhazikika kwake. Sitima zimayenda motsatira nthawi yokhazikika ndipo sizimakhala ndi "kubwerezabwereza" kochuluka monga mautumiki ambiri apanyanja. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi nthawi yokhazikika yoyendera. Mapulatifomu okweza katundu a sitima, zosankha zamagalimoto, ndi zida zoyendera zonse zimapangidwa kuti zizitha kunyamula katundu wambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti katundu wanu sayenera kunyamulidwa ndikusunthidwa pafupipafupi.
Sitima ndi njira yabwino yolumikizirana ndi katundu wa polojekiti yemwe sangadikire masiku 35 mpaka 55 panyanja koma ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri kapena wovuta kuigwira pandege. Otumiza ambiri amapeza kuti sitimayo imawathandiza kukwaniritsa nthawi yoyika, kusunga ndalama zikuyenda bwino, komanso kuteteza ogwira ntchito pamalopo kuti asakhale chete akudikira gawo lofunika.
Palinso ubwino pang'ono: kutumiza sitima nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuwona nthawi yomwe zinthu ziyenera kukonzedwa. Ngati muli ndi chotumizira choyenera, mutha kutsatira momwe sitima imalowera, kunyamuka kwa sitima, kunyamula katundu m'malire, ndi kuperekedwa kwa malo oimika magalimoto ku Europe m'njira yomwe nthawi zina imakhala yovuta kuyiyika mofanana m'ma network operekera zakudya m'nyanja.
Zimene Zimawerengedwa Ngati "Zazikulu Kwambiri" ndi "Zolemera" mu Sitima Yotumiza Sitima
Kutengera ndi njira, magaleta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kuthekera kwa malo operekera katundu, katundu wolemera kwambiri komanso wolemera kungasonyeze zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Muyenera kuganizira izi ngati magulu a ntchito m'malo moganizira za dziko lonse lapansi.
Chida chonyamula katundu nthawi zina chimaonedwa kuti ndi chachikulu kwambiri ngati chili chachitali kwambiri, chachikulu kwambiri, kapena chachitali kwambiri kuti chisayende bwino popanda kukonzekera kwina. Chida chimodzi chikakhala cholemera kwambiri kuti chigwire foloko, chikufunika kunyamulidwa ndi crane, kapena chili pafupi ndi malire a katundu wa chidebe wamba kapena ngolo yathyathyathya, nthawi zambiri chimakhala "cholemera."
M'moyo weniweni, kugawa kulemera ndi kulemera konse ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Zingakhale zosavuta kupeza chipangizo cha matani 16 chokhala ndi malo ochepa kuposa chinthu cha matani 10 chokhala ndi malo ozungulira osalingana. Okonza njanji ayenera kudziwa za katundu wa axle, malo otetezera, malo onyamulira katundu, komanso ngati katunduyo angasunthidwe bwino kudutsa malire.
Kusankha Njira Yoyenera Yoyendera Mkati mwa Sitima
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya katundu wa sitima. Mukakhala ndi katundu wamkulu kapena wolemera, nthawi zambiri muyenera kusankha pakati pa mayankho okhala ndi ziwiya ndi osagwiritsidwa ntchito (breakbulk kapena special wagon).
Ngati katundu wanu akulowa mkati mwa miyeso ya mkati mwa chidebe ndi zolemetsa zake ndipo akhoza kunyamulidwa bwino, njanji yokhala ndi chidebe ndiyo njira yosavuta. Zinthu zambiri "zolemera" zimatumizidwabe m'zidebe, makamaka ngati kulemera kwake kuli mkati mwa malire a chidebecho ndipo katunduyo akhoza kumangidwa bwino, kumangidwa, ndi kutetezedwa.
Ngati chinthu sichingakwane m'bokosi kapena sichingalowe bwino m'bokosi, njira yogwiritsira ntchito ingasinthe pogwiritsa ntchito zotengera zotseguka pamwamba, zotengera zokhazikika, kapena magaleta a sitima okonzedwa mwamakonda. Mayankho otseguka pamwamba ndi okhazikika amatha kusunga zinthu zazitali kapena zooneka ngati zachilendo, komanso amapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zosavuta kupirira nyengo, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzilumikiza, komanso zingayambitse malire a njira.
Mungafunike ngolo yapadera ngati katundu wanu ndi wamkulu kwambiri. Apa ndi pomwe ukatswiri waukadaulo umakhala wothandiza: njirayo iyenera kuyesedwa kuti ione ngati pali ngalande, milatho, ndi mavuto a njanji, ndipo njira zothetsera malire ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa pasadakhale.
Njira Zachizolowezi za Sitima ndi Zoyembekeza za Maulendo
Katundu wa sitima kuchokera ku China kupita ku UK nthawi zambiri amadutsa ku Central Asia ndikulowa ku Europe, kenako amadutsa m'malo oimika magalimoto ku Europe asanafike ku UK pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zolumikizira sitima ndi sitima zapamadzi kapena sitima ndi njira zolumikizirana. M'moyo weniweni, phukusi lanu la "njanji yopita ku UK" nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi gawo limodzi lokha likafika ku Europe, kutengera doko lomaliza ndi malo otumizira katundu ku UK.
Nthawi yoyendera imadalira ntchito ya sitima, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto panthawi ya chaka, kukonza zinthu kumalire, komanso ngati katundu wanu akufunikira magalimoto apadera kapena zilolezo. Ngakhale ulendo wa sitimayo uli womwewo, katundu wochuluka kwambiri ungafunike kukonzekera nthawi yotsogolera chifukwa makonzedwe enieni okweza katundu ndi kuwunika njira ziyenera kuchitika sitima isananyamuke.
Mungagwiritse ntchito tebulo lokonzekera lomwe lili pansipa pa zolinga zanu. Manambalawa si chitsimikizo cha ntchito zomwe zimaperekedwa; ndi malo okonzekera okha. Amasonyezanso kuti sitima nthawi zambiri imakhala yothamanga kuposa mpweya ndi nyanja.
| mafashoni | Mayendedwe Achizolowezi (China → UK) | Zabwino Kwambiri | Malire Ofunika Kwambiri pa Zolemera/Zazikulu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zonyamula ndege | Masiku 3-10 | Yachangu, yamtengo wapatali, yaying'ono | Zoletsa kukula/kulemera, mtengo wokwera, malire ogwirira ntchito pa eyapoti |
| Katundu wa njanji | Masiku 18-30 | Makina, katundu wa mafakitale, pakati pa nthawi yachangu | Malire a geji, kuteteza zovuta, kusamutsa malire |
| Katundu wa m'nyanja | Masiku 35-55 | Yoyendetsedwa ndi bajeti, yosafunika mwachangu | Kuchulukana kwa madoko, nthawi yayitali yokhala, kusasinthasintha kwa nthawi |
Katundu akakula kwambiri, chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita ndikusiyanitsa "nthawi yoyendera" ndi "nthawi yokonzekera." Nthawi yokonzekera imaphatikizapo kuyang'ana uinjiniya, kuonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kotetezeka, kulongedza, kukonza nthawi yofikira, ndikuvomereza mapepala. Pa katundu wamba, zingatenge masiku angapo kuti zikonzedwe. Zingatenge milungu ingapo kuti katundu wamkulu anyamulidwe, kutengera momwe zilili zovuta.
Kulongedza ndi Kuyika Mabokosi a Katundu Wolemera Kapena Wokulirapo
Pa sitima, kulongedza katundu si kungoyang'ana kokha. Kumateteza kapangidwe kake ndipo lamulo limafuna. Katunduyo amagwedezeka, kugwedezeka nthawi ndi nthawi akamalumikizidwa, kusintha kutentha, ndi kusamalidwa kangapo pamalo oimika magalimoto. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe katundu wamkulu amachedwetsedwa, kubwezedwa ku eyapoti, kapena kufika ndi kuwonongeka komwe kukanapewedwa ndi kulongedza bwino katunduyo.
Bokosi lamatabwa lopangidwa bwino kapena maziko otsetsereka a katundu wamkulu siliyenera kungogwira chinthucho "monga momwe chimagwirira ntchito." Liyeneranso kulola ma forklift kapena ma crane kuti azisuntha bwino, kusunga pakati pa mphamvu yokoka kukhala bata, ndikupatsa malo olumikizirana. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito njira yotseguka pamwamba kapena yosalala, kapangidwe ka bokosilo kayeneranso kuphatikiza njira zotetezera ku mvula ndi tarping.
Cholakwika china chofala kwambiri ndi kusalamulira chinyezi. Njirayo imatha kudutsa m'malo ouma komanso a chinyezi kenako n'kupita m'malo ozizira. Zotsukira madzi, chitetezo cha VCI cha zitsulo, ndi ma CD otsekedwa amatha kuletsa dzimbiri lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi kuzizira, komwe nthawi zambiri kumapezeka kokha katundu akafika pamalo oyikapo.
Muyenera kulemba bwino malo onyamulira zinthu pamakina akuluakulu, kuwonjezera machenjezo okhudza kugwedezeka ngati pakufunika kutero, ndikujambula zithunzi za phukusi lisanachoke. Zithunzi zimenezo zimathandiza ndi madandaulo a inshuwalansi komanso kusonyeza ogwira ntchito ku terminal momwe angagwirire ntchito popanda kulakwitsa.
Kuyeza, Kutsimikizira Kulemera, ndi Mapulani a Katundu
Kukonzekera njanji kumafuna chidziwitso cholondola. Muyenera kupereka kulemera konse, kulemera konse, miyeso (L×W×H), malo apakati pa mphamvu yokoka ngati mukudziwa, malo onyamulira, ndi zithunzi kuchokera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngati katundu ali ndi ziwalo zomwe zimatuluka kapena zosalimba, muyeneranso kunena zimenezo.
Ngati mukuganiza kukula kwake kapena kupereka manambala "ofanana", mwayi wanu wopeza chiletso cha terminal umawonjezeka. Malo oimikapo magalimoto ndi malo omwe chitetezo chili chofunikira, ndipo ogwira ntchito ayenera kutsatira miyezo yokhudza kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zingasunge. Dongosolo lonyamula katundu nthawi zambiri limafunika pa katundu wamkulu kuti awonetse momwe adzatetezedwere komanso komwe mphamvu idzafalikira. Dongosolo lonyamula katundu siliyenera kukhala chikalata chovomerezeka chaukadaulo, koma liyenera kukhala lomveka bwino kuti gulu lonyamula katundu lithe kulitsatira.
Sikuti mukungosungitsa malo pa sitima; iyi ndi njira yabwino yoganizira. Mukusungitsa malo kuti mupeze njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndikuteteza chinthucho. Mukakonzekera mwachangu, zodabwitsa zochepa zidzapezeka pabwalo.
Zikalata Zofunika Zomwe Mudzafunika
Zikalata za katundu wa sitima yaikulu kapena yolemera ndi zofanana ndi za katundu wamba wochokera kunja kwa dziko, koma zolakwika zimakhala zodula kwambiri chifukwa kuchedwa kungatanthauze kusowa sitima yomwe imagwira ntchito masiku enaake okha.
Wotumiza katundu wanu nthawi zambiri amafunika kukupezerani invoice yamalonda, mndandanda wa zonyamula katundu, ndi mapepala oyenera oyendera. Mungafunike satifiketi zambiri ngati katunduyo ali ndi zinthu zoyendetsedwa. Ngati katunduyo ndi makina, onetsetsani kuti HS code ikugwirizana ndi zomwe kasitomala amachita komanso kuti kufotokozera kwa malondawo ndikolondola komanso kogwirizana ndi zolemba zonse.
Katundu wamkulu nthawi zina amafunika malangizo owonjezera okhudza momwe angagwiritsidwire ntchito ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ndondomeko yosonyeza momwe angatetezere katunduyo. Mapepalawa amathandiza magulu ogwira ntchito ngakhale pamene sakufunikira mwalamulo. Zolemba zomveka bwino zimathandizanso kuti zinthu zikhale zosavuta pa kasitomu, makamaka ngati katunduyo ndi wofunika ndalama zambiri kapena ngati kufotokozera kwake ndi kwaukadaulo.
Mudzafunika chithandizo chogwirizana ndi ISPM 15 ndi zizindikiro pa matabwa anu kuti mupewe mavuto okhudzana ndi kudzipatula. Izi ndizofunikira pa malamulo onse a EU komanso malamulo okhudza kutumiza katundu ku UK.
Zoganizira za Kasitomu ndi Kutsatira Malamulo
Zinthu zambiri zonyamula katundu zimataya nthawi polipira msonkho, osati chifukwa chakuti ndi zazikulu kwambiri, koma chifukwa chakuti ndi zodula, zovuta, komanso nthawi zambiri sizimagawidwa bwino. Makina olemera amatha kukhala ndi zida zamagetsi, mafuta odzola, kapena zinthu zomwe zimafunikira kufufuzidwa kowonjezera.
Pa sitima, katunduyo angadutse ku Europe asanapite ku UK. Izi zingayambitse njira yopangira zinthu zambirimbiri malinga ndi njira ndi ma incoterms omwe asankhidwa. Wotumiza katundu wanu ayenera kukuthandizani kukhazikitsa njira yochotsera katundu yomwe ikugwirizana ndi dongosolo la bizinesi ya mgwirizano. Izi zikuphatikizapo kudziwa yemwe amatumiza katunduyo, yemwe amalipira katundu wa katundu ndi VAT, komanso momwe mtunda womaliza umakonzedwera.
Kasitomu amadandaulanso za "chowonadi ndi kusasinthasintha." Ngati invoice, mndandanda wa zonyamula katundu, ndi HS code zonse zikusonyeza zinthu zosiyana pa chinthu chimodzi, mutha kupeza mavuto. Mafunso amatha kuyimitsa katundu wamkulu chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kusintha njira yake kapena kupeza malo osungira katunduyo.
Ndondomeko ya Incoterms ya Katundu wa Project
Incoterms sanena kuti ndani amalipira kutumiza katundu. Amasankha amene amayang'anira kutumiza katunduyo nthawi zofunika kwambiri. Kulamulira katundu wolemera n'kofunika kwambiri.
Wotumiza katundu angaonetsetse kuti kulongedza katundu, kulumikiza, ndi njira zomaliza zachitika moyenera pamene akuyang'anira gawo lalikulu la katundu ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Ngati wogula ndiye woyang'anira katundu, wotumiza katunduyo sangawone, ndipo wopereka chithandizo amene sakudziwa zomwe katunduyo akufunikira angayang'anire katunduyo.
Otumiza katundu ambiri a polojekiti amafuna kuwongolera kwambiri, makamaka mpaka katunduyo atafika pamalo olimba ku Europe, kenako akufuna kuupereka kuti ukaperekedwe ku UK. Pangano lanu lidzasankha njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito incoterm, koma cholinga chogwirira ntchito ndi chosavuta: kuchepetsa kugawa katundu, onetsetsani kuti aliyense akudziwa yemwe ali ndi udindo, ndikupewa zochitika zomwe "wina adzazigwira" sizikudziwika bwino.
Kusamalira Chiwopsezo: Zodabwitsa Zowonongeka, Kuchedwa, ndi Mtengo
Kutumiza kudzera pa sitima yokhala ndi zinthu zazikulu n'kotheka, koma sikophweka. Mbiri ya zoopsa si yofanana ndi ya katundu wamba wa pallet.
Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kumachitika zinthu zikamasokonekera bwino, kupakidwa m'matumba, kapena kunyamulidwa. Kusowa malo oimika magalimoto, kukhala ndi zikalata zosakwanira, kapena kukhala ndi magalimoto ambiri pamalire ndi zifukwa zodziwika bwino zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo chochedwa. Ndalama zolipirira ma crane, ndalama zosungiramo zinthu, ndalama zowonjezera zamagalimoto apadera, ndi kuwunika kwina chifukwa cha mapepala osamveka bwino zonsezi ndi zifukwa zodziwika bwino zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zosayembekezereka.
Kuona kutumiza ngati ntchito yaying'ono ndi njira imodzi yosavuta yochepetsera chiopsezo. Pangani ndondomeko yomwe imasonyeza nthawi yomwe kulongedza katundu kwatha, nthawi yomwe fakitale imatenga katunduyo, nthawi yomwe ifika pa siteshoni, nthawi yomwe sitima imachoka, nthawi yomwe imadutsa malire, nthawi yomwe ifika pa EU hub, nthawi yomwe imaperekedwa ku UK, nthawi yomwe imachotsa katundu wa kasitomu, komanso nthawi yomwe yatumizidwa. Mutha kuwona vutoli pachiyambi pomwe mtengo uliwonse uli ndi mwini wake komanso nthawi yomwe mukufuna.
Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa ndalama zina zowonjezera zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadza chifukwa cha kutumiza katundu wambiri. Izi zingakuthandizeni kupanga bajeti yolondola.
| Mtengo Wowonjezera Wotheka | Chifukwa Chake Izi Zimachitika | Mmene Mungachepetsere |
|---|---|---|
| Kukweza crane pamalo oyambira | Katundu wolemera kwambiri moti anthu onyamula mafoloko sangamunyamule | Tsimikizirani malo onyamulira, sungani malo osungira crane msanga |
| Kumangirira kwapadera/kulimba kotsekedwa | Kapangidwe kosazolowereka, COG yayikulu | Perekani dongosolo la katundu ndi zofunikira zotetezera pasadakhale |
| Kusungira/kuchepetsa malo osungiramo zinthu | Kulephera kwa malire, kuyimitsa kwa misonkho | Tumizani zikalata msanga, pewani kulowa nthawi yomaliza |
| Zipangizo zapadera (chotsegulira pamwamba/chosanja chathyathyathya) | Sichikwanira chidebe chokhazikika | Yesani molondola, yerekezerani njira zogwiritsira ntchito zida |
| Ndalama zowonjezera zoletsa njira | Kukula kwakukulu kuposa muyezo wamba | Kufufuza zaukadaulo musanagule |
Kuyenda kwa Ntchito Pang'onopang'ono Kuti Kutumizidwe Mosavuta
Kukonzekera kutumiza katundu musanatumize
Yambani poonetsetsa kuti mukudziwa kukula ndi kulemera kwenikweni kwa chinthu cholemera kwambiri. Kenako, fufuzani ngati katunduyo akufunikira zida zinazake kapena akhoza kuyikidwa m'mabotolo. Pakadali pano, zithunzi ndi zojambula ndizothandiza kwambiri, makamaka kwa makina omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osafanana.
Ino ndi nthawi yofotokozera momveka bwino malamulo oyendetsera katundu ku UK. Ngati muli ndi katundu wolemera kwambiri, mungafunike galimoto yonyamula katundu kumbuyo, galimoto yonyamula katundu ya HIAB, kapena zida zonyamulira katundu pamalopo. Mutha kupewa kulakwitsa komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri kotengera katunduyo ku UK kenako nkupeza kuti malowo sangavomereze pokonzekera kaye kutumiza katunduyo ku UK.
Kunyamula, kudzaza, ndi kusunga
Kudzaza zinthu kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi magulu omwe amadziwa momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi zinthu zazikulu ngati zili m'zidebe. Muyenera kuteteza pansi pa chidebecho, onetsetsani kuti kulemera kwake kwagawidwa mofanana, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zomangirazo ndi zolimba mokwanira kuti katunduyo agwire. Kuyika matayala ndi kuteteza nyengo ndi gawo la ntchito ya raki yotseguka kapena yathyathyathya, osati zowonjezera.
Zonse zikatha bwino, tengani zithunzi za zingwe zonse, mabuloko, ndi katundu. Sungani zolembazo mu chikwatu chomwe kasitomala ndi gulu logwira ntchito angapiteko.
Kuyang'anira kuchoka ndi mayendedwe a sitima
Kuyang'anira kumayamba katundu akangolowa. Wotumiza katundu wanu ayenera kukudziwitsani nthawi zofunika kwambiri, monga sitima ikachoka, ikadutsa malire, ikasintha ma gauge kapena kunyamula katundu, komanso ikafika ku likulu la ku Ulaya.
Mukatumiza zinthu zazikulu, simungapeze "ma scan a tsiku ndi tsiku" ambiri monga momwe mungachitire ndi netiweki ya ma phukusi. Komabe, muyenerabe kupeza zambiri zokhudza zochitika zofunika zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kutumiza kuli bwino.
Kusamalira malo ofunikira ku EU ndi kutumiza zinthu ku UK
Kawirikawiri, katundu akafika ku Europe, amasamutsidwira ku gawo lotsatira. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti katunduyo akuyenda bwino: kodi katunduyo adzakhalabe m'chidebe chomwecho, kodi angafunike kunyamulidwa, ndipo adzafika bwanji ku UK?
Kutengera momwe ntchitoyi yakhazikitsidwira, gawo la UK likhoza kuphatikizapo kuwoloka kwachidule panyanja ndi sitima kapena kutumiza katundu wagalimoto. Sankhani njira yotumizira katundu yomwe imagwirizana ndi luso la tsamba lino komanso malamulo okonzekera nthawi yokumana ngati muli ndi katundu wambiri.
Chilolezo cha msonkho ku UK ndi mtunda womaliza
Nthawi iliyonse ikatheka, chilolezo cholowera ku UK chiyenera kukhala chokonzeka katundu asanafike. Ngati muli ndi katundu wolemera, zimakhala zovuta kusunga ndipo zimawononga ndalama zambiri kusamutsa. Onetsetsani kuti wotumiza katunduyo ali ndi EORI yoyenera, mapepala onse ali bwino, ndipo nkhani zilizonse zokhudzana ndi kutsata malamulo a malonda zimathetsedwa.
Mukayitanitsa katundu womaliza, muyeneranso kukonzekera momwe mungatulutsire katunduyo. Sungani crane ngati malowo akufunikira. Ngati malowo ndi ovuta kufikako, onaninso kukula kwa magalimoto. Nthawi zambiri, mtunda womaliza ndi umene umapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo imveke ngati "yopambana" kwa kasitomala.
Momwe Mungasankhire Chotumizira Katundu Pa Sitima Yapamtunda Pakatundu Waukulu Kwambiri
Kupeza mtengo wabwino kwambiri pa kutumiza sitima zazikulu sikofunikira monga kupeza wotumiza katundu amene angachite ntchitoyo. Mukufuna mnzanu amene angathe kufotokoza momveka bwino komanso modekha momwe katunduyo adzagwiritsidwire ntchito pa siteshoni iliyonse, momwe adzatetezedwere, komanso mapepala ofunikira kuti mupewe kuchedwa.
Yang'anani momasuka momwe zinthu zimayendera. Munthu wodziwa bwino kutumiza uthenga amafunsa mafunso ambiri msanga, osati chifukwa chakuti akuchedwa, koma chifukwa chofuna kupewa mavuto. Ngati wopereka chithandizo akukupatsani mtengo popanda kupempha miyeso, zithunzi, kapena zolemera, mtengo umenewo ukhoza kusintha pambuyo pake, ndipo nthawi zambiri sungakhale wabwino kwa inu.
Mufunikanso munthu wotumiza katundu wodziwa momwe mungachitire ndi misonkho. Kutumiza katundu wambiri nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo mavuto a misonkho amatha kukhala okwera mtengo mwachangu. Kukonzekera misonkho sikosangalatsa, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Kutsiliza
N'zotheka kutumiza katundu wamkulu kapena wolemera kuchokera ku China kupita ku UK kudzera pa sitima, ndipo kwa otumiza ambiri, iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwona kutumiza katundu ngati njira yopangidwira zinthu m'malo mwa katundu wamba. Sitimayo imasintha kuchoka pa "mwina" kupita ku njira yodalirika komanso yobwerezabwereza mukatenga miyeso yolondola, kusankha zida zoyenera, kuzikonza bwino, kupanga mapulani omveka bwino a katundu, ndikusunga zolemba zabwino.
Topway Shipping ndi njira yabwino ngati mukufuna mnzanu amene angakuthandizeni kukonza zinthu kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto, osati pa njira imodzi yokha. Topway Shipping, yomwe ili ku Shenzhen, China, yakhala ikupereka chithandizo chaukadaulo cha zinthu zamalonda apa intaneti kuyambira 2010. Gulu lathu loyambitsa lili ndi zaka zoposa 15 zakuchitikira pa ntchito zonyamula katundu padziko lonse lapansi komanso zochotsera katundu wa katundu wa pa kasitomu, makamaka ku US ndi China. Timayang'anira unyolo wonse wa zinthu, kuyambira mayendedwe oyamba mpaka malo osungira katundu akunja mpaka kuchotsera katundu wa pa kasitomu mpaka kutumiza katundu wa pa kasitomu. Timaperekanso ntchito zosinthira zonyamula katundu wathunthu (FCL) ndi katundu wochepa kuposa chidebe (LCL) kuchokera ku China kupita ku madoko akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi.
Ibibazo
Q: Kodi katundu wa sitima nthawi zonse ndi wotsika mtengo kuposa wa ndege pa katundu wolemera?
A: Nthawi zambiri, inde. Nthawi zambiri sitima yapamtunda imadula mtengo wochepa pa kilogalamu imodzi kuposa ndege, makamaka pamene katundu ali wolemera komanso wodzaza. Zosiyana zazikulu ndi pamene sitima yanu ikufunika magaleta apadera, ikufunika kuyendetsedwa kwambiri, kapena nthawi yake ndi yofunika kwambiri moti ntchito zapamwamba za sitima yapamtunda zimadula pafupifupi mtengo wofanana ndi ndege.
Q: Kodi katundu wolemera kwambiri angayende pa sitima mu chidebe chokhazikika?
Yankho: Nthawi zina. Chidebe cha mamita 20 kapena 40 chimatha kusunga zinthu zambiri zolemera, makamaka ngati vuto lalikulu ndi kulemera osati kukula. Ngati katunduyo ndi wamkulu kwambiri mkati kapena akufunika kunyamulidwa kuchokera pamwamba, njira zotseguka pamwamba kapena zokhazikika bwino zimakhala zenizeni.
Q: Kodi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chikuchititsa kuchedwa kwa kutumiza sitima zazikulu kwambiri ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Kusakwaniritsa zofunikira zokonzekera ndi chifukwa chofala. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti kulongedza sikunamalizidwe, zikalata sizili bwino, kapena katundu wafika mochedwa pa siteshoni ndipo sitimayo siimaima. Kuchulukana kwa magalimoto m'malire kungakhalenso vuto, koma kukonzekera bwino kungakuthandizeni kupewa kuchedwa.
Q: Kodi ndikufunika inshuwalansi yapadera pa makina olemera otumizidwa ndi sitima?
A: Muyenera kuganizira bwino za kupeza katundu inshuwalansi zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mtengo ndi chiopsezo cha katundu wotumizidwa. Kungakhale kokwera mtengo kukonza makina olemera, ndipo ngakhale mavuto ang'onoang'ono angayambitse kuchedwa kwa mapulojekiti. Musanatumize, kambiranani za malire a kuphimba katundu, zomwe sizikuphimbidwa, ndi mapepala omwe akufunika pa zopempha.
Q: Kodi ndiyenera kusungitsa nthawi yayitali bwanji sitima yonyamula katundu wamkulu kwambiri?
Yankho: Zikakhala bwino kwambiri, chifukwa kutumiza katundu wambiri kungafunike kusungitsa zida, kutsimikizira njira, ndikugwirizana ndi malo oimikapo magalimoto. Ngakhale mutha kukonza nthawi yotumizira katundu wamba wa sitima, kutumiza katundu wamkulu kumafunika nthawi yochulukirapo kuti atsimikizire dongosolo loyendetsera ntchito katunduyo asanafike pabwalo.
Q: Ndi mfundo ziti zomwe ndiyenera kukonzekera ndisanapemphe mtengo?
A: Pezani miyeso yoyenera (L×W×H), kulemera konse, chiwerengero cha zigawo, zithunzi, mtengo wa katundu, HS code ngati muli nayo, adilesi yonyamulira katundu, postcode yotumizira katundu ku UK, ndi zoletsa zilizonse zomwe mungatumize. Mtengo wanu udzakhala wokhazikika kwambiri deta yanu ikakhala yolondola.
