Fomula ya Ndalama Yogulira ya 2026: Ntchito, Gawo 301, ndi Gawo 232 Losakanizidwa
Chidebe chomwe chinalipira msonkho wa 15% mu Januwale chikhoza kufika chifukwa cha 40%, 60%, kapena kuposerapo panthawi yomwe chimalipira msonkho wa msonkho. Izi si zongoganizira za ogulitsa katundu ndi otumiza katundu omwe akugwira ntchito pakati pa China ndi US trade lane mu 2026 - ndiye maziko atsopano. Pakati pa chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu chomwe chinachotsa ndondomeko ya msonkho wa 2025, kukwera ndi kutha kwa ndalama zowonjezera za Section 122 padziko lonse lapansi, msonkho watsopano wa ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa wa Section 301 womwe tsopano ukukhudza chuma chambiri, ndi dongosolo lomangidwanso la Section 232 la zitsulo ndi semiconductor, chiwerengero cha zida zosuntha mu kuwerengera mtengo umodzi wolowera chawonjezeka. Ogulitsa katundu omwe akupitilizabe kuyika mitengo pa mzere umodzi wa msonkho wa HTS, mwachizolowezi, akuganiza.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zoyendera pansi monga momwe ikugwirira ntchito masiku ano: mapulogalamu a msonkho omwe amaphatikizana, omwe amalowa m'malo mwa ena, momwe ndalama zolipirira katundu ndi zolowera m'makhothi zimakhalira, komanso momwe kutumiza kwenikweni kumaonekera gawo lililonse likagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imatha ndi malangizo othandiza kwa otumiza omwe akuyesera kusunga malire m'malo omwe msonkho wasintha katatu m'miyezi khumi ndi iwiri yapitayi.
Chifukwa Chake Masamu Okhudza Mtengo Wapamwamba Anasweka mu 2026
Kwa zaka zambiri zapitazi, kuwerengera msonkho wolowera kunja kunali kogwiritsa ntchito njira yokhazikika: yang'anani code ya HTS, werengani mtengo wamba wa Column 1, chulukitsani ndi mtengo wa kasitomu, mwachita. Misonkho ya Gawo 301 pa katundu waku China idasokoneza chithunzicho kuyambira mu 2018, koma masamuwo anali osavuta kuwonjezera. Chomwe chinasintha mu 2025 ndi 2026 ndi kuchuluka kwa akuluakulu azamalamulo omwe boma la US lagwiritsa ntchito poika misonkho, iliyonse ili ndi gawo lake, tsiku lotha ntchito, ndi lamulo loyika.
Poyambira kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa masiku ano ndi komwe kunatha. Ndondomeko ya msonkho wa 2025 IEEPA, yomwe inali yokwera kufika pa 145% kutengera dziko lomwe idachokera, inathetsedwa ndi Khoti Lalikulu pa February 20, 2026, ndipo CBP sinathe kuitenga kuyambira pamenepo. M'malo mwake, akuluakulu aboma adadalira ndalama zowonjezera za 10% Section 122 padziko lonse lapansi - koma ulamuliro wa Section 122 uli ndi malire olimba a masiku 150, ndipo ndalama zowonjezerazo zinatha pa July 24, 2026. Zinasinthidwa, popanda kusiyana, ndi ntchito yatsopano ya Section 301 yokakamiza ya 10% kapena 12.5% kutengera momwe dzikolo likugwirira ntchito, yomwe tsopano ikuphimba mabizinesi ambiri kuphatikiza China. Potsutsana ndi zonsezi, mitengo yakale ya Section 301 China (Lists 1 mpaka 4A, yomwe ikuyenda 7.5% mpaka 25%) sinachoke, ndipo pulogalamu ya Section 232 ya chitetezo cha dziko — zitsulo, aluminiyamu, mkuwa, magalimoto, ma semiconductors, ndi matabwa — yakula ndipo yasinthidwa kawiri mu 2026 yokha, posachedwapa pa June 8, 2026.
Zotsatira zake n'zakuti kuyika ndalama zenizeni pa katundu wotumizidwa tsopano kumadalira zida zambiri zodziyimira pawokha, zomwe zingapo mwa izo zasamutsidwa masiku mu chaka chomwecho. Chitsanzo cha mtengo wolowera chomwe chinamangidwa mu Marichi 2026 sichikudalirika kale pofika Seputembala.
Fomula Yogulira Ndalama Yoyambira
Ngakhale kuti pali zovuta, njira yoyambira sinasinthe - koma kuchuluka kwa mawu omwe ali mkati mwake. Mtengo wogulira ndi mtengo wonse wogulira chinthu kuchokera pansi pa fakitale kupita pakhomo la wogula, ndipo gawo lililonse ndi la limodzi mwa magulu atatu: chinthucho chokha, mayendedwe ndi inshuwaransi, ndi ndalama zolipirira msonkho.
Polemba, njira yomwe otumiza katundu amagwiritsa ntchito polemba mtengo wonse wofika pansi ikuwoneka motere:
Mtengo Wofika = (Mtengo wa Chigawo × Kuchuluka) + Katundu Wapadziko Lonse + Inshuwaransi + (Mtengo wa Kasitomu × Mtengo Wonse wa Misonkho) + Ndalama Yogulitsira Katundu + Ndalama Yokonzera Padoko + Ndalama Zogulitsira Ma brokerage + Katundu Wamkati + Ndalama Zina
Chosintha chomwe chawononga kwambiri bajeti ya 2026 ndi "Total Duty Rate." Mawu amodzi amenewo salinso nambala imodzi yotengedwa kuchokera ku ndondomeko ya msonkho - ndi chiwerengero cha pulogalamu iliyonse yoyenera yomwe ili ndi mtengo womwewo wa kasitomu, ndipo kulakwitsa ngakhale ndi pulogalamu imodzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kusiyana pakati pa SKU yopindulitsa ndi yopindulitsa.
Gawo ndi Gawo: Zomwe Zili M'magawo
Si mapulogalamu onse a msonkho omwe amawonjezera phindu lina. Ena amaikidwa pamodzi pamtengo womwewo wa kasitomu; ena ndi osiyana ndipo okwera okha ndi omwe amagwira ntchito. Kupeza kusiyana kumeneku ndiko komwe kumayambitsa zolakwika zambiri pamtengo wolowera zomwe timawona ku Topway Shipping tikamawunikira pepala la mtengo la kasitomala watsopano.
Ntchito Yoyambira ya MFN
Kutumiza kulikonse kumayamba ndi mtengo wa Most Favored Nation womwe wafalitsidwa mu Column 1 General ya Harmonized Tariff Schedule. Uwu ndiye mtengo woyambira womwe wakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri, kuyambira wopanda msonkho pa zinthu zambiri zopangira mpaka 30% kapena kuposerapo pazinthu zomalizidwa monga nsapato ndi zovala. Pulogalamu ina iliyonse m'nkhaniyi ikuphatikiza, osati m'malo mwake, mtengo woyambira uwu.
Gawo 301 — Mndandanda Wakale wa China
Mlandu woyambirira wa Gawo 301 motsutsana ndi China, womwe ukuphatikizapo Mndandanda 1 mpaka 4A, ukugwirabe ntchito mokwanira ndipo uli ndi mitengo kuyambira 7.5% mpaka 25% kutengera malonda ndi mndandanda. Ndalama zina zokhudzana ndi gawo 301 zokhudzana ndi fentanyl, zomwe zachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 20% mpaka 10% pansi pa mgwirizano wa Novembala 2025 pakati pa Washington ndi Beijing, zikugwiranso ntchito pazinthu zambiri zochokera ku China. Magawo onsewa amawonjezera mwachindunji ku mtengo wa MFN.
Gawo 301 — Ndalama Zatsopano Zogwirira Ntchito Mokakamizidwa
Kuyambira pa Julayi 24, 2026, USTR idamaliza lamulo latsopano la Gawo 301 lolunjika pa ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa mu unyolo wogulitsa, pogwiritsa ntchito msonkho wa 10% kapena 12.5% m'maiko pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi limodzi kutengera momwe dziko lililonse limatsatira malamulo. Mtengo uwu unalowa m'malo mwa msonkho wowonjezera wa Gawo 122 womwe unatha ntchito ndipo, mosiyana ndi womwe unayamba kale, ulibe tsiku lotha ntchito. Uli ndi mndandanda wakale wa China ndi msonkho wa fentanyl wa katundu wochokera ku China, koma suli ndi msonkho wa Gawo 232 - pomwe chinthu chimaphimbidwa ndi mtengo wa gawo la Gawo 232, womwe umalowa m'malo mwa mtengo wa dziko la ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa m'malo mowonjezerapo.
Gawo 232 — Ntchito za Gawo
Misonkho ya Gawo 232 imayesedwa malinga ndi gawo la zinthu osati dziko lomwe idachokera, ndipo pambuyo pa kusintha kwa Epulo 2026 ndi Juni 2026 tsopano ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo wonse wa msonkho wa chinthu chophimbidwa - osati mtengo wa zomwe zili muchitsulo, monga momwe zinalili kale. Chitsulo, aluminiyamu, ndi zinthu zambiri zamkuwa zimakhala ndi chiwongola dzanja cha 50%; gulu lalikulu la zinthu zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zimakhala ndi 25%; ndipo chiwongola dzanja cha 15% chimagwira ntchito pazida zina zamafakitale ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mpaka kumapeto kwa 2027. Ma semiconductors omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makompyuta apamwamba adatenga chiwongola dzanja cha 25% cha Gawo 232 kuyambira Januwale 2026, ndipo magalimoto, malole, ndi matabwa ofewa chilichonse chimakhala ndi mitengo yakeyake ya gawo. Lamulo lofotokozera la Gawo 232 ndilakuti nthawi zambiri siligwirizana ndi chiwongola dzanja cha dziko la ntchito yokakamizidwa ya Gawo 301 kapena chiwongola dzanja cha Gawo 122 (chomwe chatha ntchito tsopano) - chiwongola dzanja cha gawo chimangotenga malo. Komabe, ili pamwamba pa udindo uliwonse wakale wa Gawo 301 ku China womwe umagwiranso ntchito pa chinthu chomwecho.
Ndalama Zomwe Zimagwira Ntchito Mosasamala Kaya Udindo Uli Pati
Ndalama ziwiri za boma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi pa chilichonse chololedwa cholowa popanda msonkho. Ndalama Yogulitsira Zinthu ndi 0.3464% ya mtengo wolowetsedwa, malinga ndi ndalama zosachepera $31.67 komanso malire a madola mazana angapo pa kulowa kulikonse; imagwira ntchito pa katundu wa pandege ndi wa panyanja. Ndalama Yokonzera Zinthu Padoko, yomwe ili ndi 0.125% ya mtengo wa katundu, imagwira ntchito kokha pa katundu wofika ndi sitima yapamadzi. Ndalama zolipirira ma brokerage ndi katundu wonyamula katundu kapena wotuluka kuchokera ku doko kupita ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu ndi ndalama zamalonda osati ndalama za boma, koma ziyenera kukhala pamzere womwewo wa mtengo wolowera chifukwa sizingapeweke pa katundu wotumizidwa bwino.
Momwe Zigawo Zimagwirizanirana: Tabulo Lachidule
Gome ili m'munsimu likufotokoza mwachidule momwe pulogalamu iliyonse ya tariff ya 2026 imachitira zinthu — kaya imaphatikizana ndi zina kapena imalowa m'malo mwa mtengo wopikisana.
| Program | Mtengo Wofananira (2026) | Ikugwira Ntchito Kwa | Khalidwe Lokhazikika |
| Ntchito Yoyambira ya MFN | 0% - 30% + | Zonse zochokera kunja | Gawo loyambira; china chilichonse chimawonjezera pamwamba |
| Gawo 301 Mndandanda wa Zakale (China) | 7.5% - 25% | Katundu wochokera ku China pa Mndandanda 1–4A | Chowonjezera chokhala ndi MFN ndi ntchito ya fentanyl |
| Gawo 301 Ntchito ya Fentanyl | 10% | Katundu wochokera ku China | Zowonjezera ndi MFN ndi mndandanda wakale |
| Gawo 301 Ntchito Yokakamiza | 10% kapena 12.5% | ~chuma 60 kuphatikiza China | Zowonjezera pamodzi ndi misonkho yakale ya ku China; m'malo mwake ndi gawo la Gawo 232 pomwe zonse zikugwira ntchito |
| Gawo 232 Zitsulo (chitsulo/aluminiyamu/mkuwa) | 10% / 15% / 25% / 50% | Zinthu zachitsulo zophimbidwa ndi zotumphukira | Amalowa m'malo mwa chiŵerengero cha anthu ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa m'dziko; amawonjezera gawo lakale la Gawo 301 |
| Gawo 232 Ma Semiconductor | 25% | Ma chips ndi ma derivatives apamwamba a AI | Za gawo lililonse; onani zochotsera |
| Mtengo Wokonza Zinthu | 0.3464% (osachepera ~$31.67) | Zolemba zonse zovomerezeka | Ndalama, osati msonkho; nthawi zonse imagwira ntchito |
| Malipiro Okonza Madoko | 0.125% | Zonyamula m'nyanja zokha | Ndalama, osati msonkho; nthawi zonse imagwira ntchito |
Chitsanzo Chogwira Ntchito: Zida Zamagetsi Zopangidwa ndi Chitsulo kuchokera ku China
Manambala amapangitsa kuti malamulo omangira zinthu akhale omveka bwino. Taganizirani za kutumiza zida zamagetsi zochokera ku China zokwana $20,000 zokhala ndi nyumba yachitsulo yomwe imagawidwa ngati chinthu chochokera ku Gawo 232, zomwe zimanyamulidwa ndi katundu wa m'nyanja ndi magalimoto akuluakulu okwana $850 kumbali ya ku America.
| Mtengo wagawo | mlingo | Mtengo (USD) |
| Mtengo Wogulitsa | - | $20,000.00 |
| Ntchito Yoyambira ya MFN | 8.5% | $1,700.00 |
| Gawo 301 Udindo wa Mndandanda wa Zakale | 25% | $5,000.00 |
| Gawo 232 Ntchito ya Chitsulo Chochokera ku Zomera | 25% | $5,000.00 |
| Mtengo Wokonza Zinthu | 0.3464% | $69.28 |
| Malipiro Okonza Madoko | 0.125% | $25.00 |
| Magalimoto a Inland Trucking | - | $850.00 |
| Mtengo Wonse Wofikira | - | $32,644.28 |
Dziwani kuti chiwongola dzanja cha dziko la ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa Gawo 301 sichikupezeka patebulo ili konse — chifukwa nyumba yachitsulo imaphimbidwa ndi msonkho wa gawo la Gawo 232, lamulo losinthira limagwira ntchito ndipo chiwongola dzanja cha ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa chimachotsedwa. Wogulitsa kunja amene anawonjezera chiwongola dzanja cha ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa pamwamba pa chiwongola dzanja cha Gawo 232 pano angawonjezere mtengo wogulidwa ndi pafupifupi $2,500 ndikulakwitsa kasitomala; amene anaiwala chiwongola dzanja cha Gawo 232 chifukwa chongoyang'ana Gawo 301 angachepetse ndi $5,000. Zolakwa zonsezi ndizofala, ndipo zonsezi ndi chifukwa chake kugawa kwa HTS kwa zinthu ndi zinthu, osati chiwongola dzanja cha dziko lonse, kuyenera kuyambitsa mtengo.
Pamene Mnzanu Wogulitsa Katundu Akusintha Zotsatira
Masamu omwe ali pamwambapa akuganiza kuti magulu, zolemba zoyambira, ndi kuyenerera kwa pulogalamu zonse ndi zolondola - ndipo lingaliro limenelo ndi komwe zodabwitsa zambiri za mtengo wolandidwa zimayambira. Khodi imodzi ya HTS ikhoza kukhala pamalo olumikizirana mndandanda wakale wa Gawo 301, chowonjezera cha Gawo 232, ndi chidziwitso cha dziko la anthu ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa nthawi imodzi, ndipo kudziwa kuphatikiza komwe kumagwira ntchito kumafuna kuwona malangizo a CBP omwe alipo motsutsana ndi malonda enieni, osati tebulo la mitengo yonse. Iyi ndiye kusiyana komwe kampani yonyamula katundu yokhoza kunyamula katundu imapangidwa kuti izitseke.
Kuyambira mu 2010, Topway Shipping, yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku Shenzhen, China, yakhala ikupereka chithandizo chaukadaulo cha njira zoyendetsera zinthu kudzera m'mabanki. Gulu loyambitsali limabweretsa zaka zoposa 15 zaukadaulo pantchito yoyendetsa zinthu padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuchotsa katundu wa misonkho, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri njira yochokera ku China kupita ku US - njira yeniyeni yomwe Gawo 301 ndi Gawo 232 zimawonongera kwambiri ogulitsa katundu osakonzekera. Ntchito za Topway zimaphatikizapo unyolo wonse wa katundu, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe oyamba kuchokera ku mafakitale aku China, malo osungiramo katundu akunja pamsika wopitako, kuchotsa katundu wa misonkho, ndi kutumiza katundu womaliza kwa kasitomala womaliza, pamodzi ndi ntchito zonyamula katundu wodzaza ndi chidebe (FCL) ndi ntchito zonyamula katundu wochepa kuposa chidebe (LCL) kuchokera ku China kupita ku madoko akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi.
Kwa ogulitsa katundu ochokera kunja omwe akuyenda mu 2026 tariff stack, kuti katundu woyambira mpaka kumapeto ndi wofunika kwambiri: wotumiza katundu yemwe amasamaliranso kuchotsedwa kwa katundu akhoza kuyika chizindikiro cha Gawo 232 kapena kukhudzidwa ndi anthu ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa asanachoke ku China, osati pambuyo poti afika ndipo bilu ya msonkho yakhazikitsidwa kale. Kuphatikiza magulu olondola a HTS ndi kusakaniza koyenera kwa FCL ndi LCL routing, malo osungiramo katundu akunja kuti azitha kusunga nthawi yosungiramo katundu, komanso kutumiza katundu molumikizana bwino kumathandiza kuti chitsanzo cha otumiza katundu chipeze ndalama ndi manambala enieni m'malo mwa zomwe zaganiziridwa kotala lapitali - zomwe, poganizira momwe malamulowo asinthira mu 2026, ndi kusiyana pakati pa katundu wotumizidwayo womwe umateteza phindu ndi womwe umachotsa mwakachetechete.
Njira Zothandiza Zoyendetsera Stack ya 2026
Kuwunikanso kwa gulu ndi njira yoyamba komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri yomwe oitanitsa ambiri sanagwiritse ntchito. Popeza zomangira za Gawo 232 ndi mndandanda wa zochotsa za Gawo 301 zonse ndi za malonda m'malo mwa gulu lonse, ma SKU awiri ofanana amatha kukhala ndi mitengo yosiyana kwambiri kutengera kugawa kwa mitengo yeniyeni, malire a zomwe zili mu chitsulo, kapena zolemba za zinthu zochokera ku US. Kuwunika kwa gulu motsutsana ndi zomangira zomwe zilipo, zomwe zimachitika musanayambe kugula kwina osati mutatha kulowa, nthawi zambiri kumapeza ndalama zomwe cheke cha mitengo sichimaphonya.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa chiyambi kumathandizabe, koma sikunakhale koopsa kwambiri monga momwe zinalili pansi pa ndondomeko yakale ya IEEPA. Popeza dongosolo la misonkho yofanana linathetsedwa, kufalikira pakati pa mayiko kwachepa - ntchito yatsopano yokakamiza anthu ogwira ntchito ndi 10% mpaka 12.5% yokha mosasamala kanthu za komwe chuma chambiri chophimbidwa, ndipo katundu woyenerera wa USMCA wochokera ku Canada ndi Mexico akadali womasuka kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kusintha dziko lomwe chinthu chophimbidwa ndi Gawo 232 chinachokera sikuthandiza kwenikweni, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa gawoli kumayenderana ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsulo ndi magulu a chinthucho m'malo mwa dziko lomwe chimatumizidwa kuchokera.
Masiku awiri ndi ofunika kulembedwa pa kalendala iliyonse yokonzekera ya 2026. Novembala 10, 2026 ndi pamene gawo la zomwe zili mu Gawo 301 liyenera kutha pokhapokha ngati USTR ikuliwonjezera, ndipo ndi tsiku lotha ntchito la mgwirizano wa Trump-Xi wochepetsa mitengo pokhapokha maboma onse awiriwa atakonzanso. Kulephera kulikonse kungapangitse kuti mitengo yogwira ntchito pa katundu wosiyanasiyana wochokera ku China ibwererenso popanda kudziwitsa zambiri, kotero kutumiza nthawi yoti kutuluke tsikulo lisanafike kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa kuposa zomwe zidakonzedwa pambuyo pake.
Pomaliza, kumanga mu buffer kuti mupeze ndalama zochepa zolipirira kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri pa katundu wocheperako kuposa momwe otumiza katundu ambiri amayembekezera. Ndalama zocheperako za $31.67 zolipirira katundu zimatha kukweza mtengo wogwira ntchito pamtengo wotsika kwambiri kuposa momwe chiwerengero cha mutu chikusonyezera, zomwe ndizofunikira kutengera chitsanzo m'malo mopanga cholakwika chozungulira.
Kutsiliza
Malo a msonkho wa 2026 amapereka mphotho molondola ndipo amalanga njira zazifupi. Popeza ndondomeko yobwezera ya IEEPA yatha, Gawo 122 latha ntchito, ntchito yatsopano ya ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa ya Gawo 301 ikugwira ntchito tsopano, komanso dongosolo lokonzanso la zitsulo ndi semiconductor la Gawo 232 loyika kapena kusintha kutengera chinthucho, palibe nambala imodzi yomwe wotumiza katundu angayang'ane ndikudalira. Fomula ya mtengo wolowera siinasinthe - mtengo wa chinthu, katundu, msonkho, ndi zolipiritsa - koma nthawi ya ntchito mkati mwake tsopano imafuna kuyang'ana maulamuliro angapo ogwirizana motsutsana ndi khodi yeniyeni ya HTS, komwe idachokera, ndi tsiku lolowera nthawi iliyonse yomwe oda yogulira ikaperekedwa. Otumiza katundu ndi otumiza katundu omwe amamanganso mitundu yawo yogulira zinthu motsatira zenizenizo, komanso omwe amadalira anzawo omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chenicheni cha zochotsera panjira ya China-US, ndi omwe amateteza malire pomwe malamulo akupitilirabe.
Ibibazo
Q: Kodi ntchito za Gawo 301 ndi Gawo 232 nthawi zonse zimakhala pamodzi?
A: Si nthawi zonse. Misonkho ya m'ndandanda wa Gawo 301 ku China nthawi zambiri imafanana ndi misonkho ya gawo la Gawo 232 pa chinthu chomwecho. Koma chiwongola dzanja chatsopano cha dziko la anthu ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa cha Gawo 301 sichigwirizana ndi Gawo 232 — pomwe chinthu chimaphimbidwa ndi chiwongola dzanja cha gawo la Gawo 232, chiwongola dzanja chimenecho chimalowa m'malo mwa chiwongola dzanja cha anthu ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa m'malo mowonjezerapo.
Q: Nchiyani chinachitikira msonkho wapadziko lonse wa Gawo 122?
A: Ulamuliro wa Gawo 122 uli ndi malire ovuta a masiku 150. Ndalama zowonjezera za 10% padziko lonse zomwe zinayikidwa pambuyo poti mitengo yobwezera ya IEEPA ya 2025 yatha ntchito pa Julayi 24, 2026, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zinalowedwa m'malo ndi ntchito yatsopano ya Gawo 301.
Q: Kodi msonkho wa zitsulo wa Gawo 232 umawerengedwa bwanji tsopano?
A: Kuyambira pa Epulo 6, 2026, msonkho wa Gawo 232 pa chitsulo, aluminiyamu, ndi mkuwa umagwira ntchito pa mtengo wonse wa msonkho wa chinthu chophimbidwa ndi zinthu zake, osati pa mtengo wa zitsulo zokha monga momwe zinalili kale.
Q: Kodi mtengo wa kasitomu ndi wofanana ndi mtengo wa chinthu chomwe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kale?
A: Ayi. Mtengo wa katundu woperekedwa kudzera mu kasitomu nthawi zambiri umaphatikizapo mtengo wolipiridwa wa katunduyo ndipo, kutengera ndi incoterm, ungaphatikizepo katundu wotumizidwa kunja kupita ku doko lotumizira katundu kunja. Sizimaphatikizapo zokha katundu wotumizidwa kuchokera ku nyanja, inshuwaransi, kapena ndalama zolowera ku US, ndichifukwa chake mtengo wotumizidwa ndi mtengo wa katundu woperekedwa kudzera mu kasitomu umawerengedwa ngati zinthu zosiyana.
Q: Kodi kampani yotumiza katundu ingathandize kuchepetsa msonkho wanga weniweni?
Yankho: Wotumiza katundu sangasinthe mitengo ya msonkho, koma kugawa bwino kwa HTS, zolemba zolondola za chiyambi, komanso kudziwa mndandanda wazinthu zomwe sizikugulitsidwa kungalepheretse kulipira msonkho wochulukirapo womwe sunalipidwepo mwalamulo - komwe nthawi zambiri ndi komwe ndalama zenizeni zimapezeka.