Chifukwa Chake Doko la New Orleans Lili ndi Kudalirika kwa Ndandanda ya 83% - Ndi Tanthauzo Lake pa Chidebe Chanu
Introduction
Mu dziko loyendetsa sitima padziko lonse lapansi lomwe likuyambiranso kuyenda bwino pambuyo pa mliriwu, kusatsimikizika kwa mitengo, komanso kuchulukana kwa madoko nthawi zonse, chiwerengero chimodzi chakwera: 83%. Doko la New Orleans (Port NOLA) lili ndi chiŵerengero chodalirika cha nthawi yomwe ilipo chomwe chili chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa avareji yapadziko lonse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti likhale limodzi mwa madoko odalirika kwambiri a makontena ku North America.
Chiwerengerochi si chiwerengero cha anthu okha omwe amabweretsa katundu ku China ndi ku United States, komanso oyang'anira zinthu zomwe amasamutsa katundu pakati pa mayiko awiriwa. Chimatanthauza nthawi yochepa yosungira katundu, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira katundu, komanso njira zodalirika zogulira katundu. Koma kodi n’chiyani kwenikweni chikuchititsa kuti ntchitoyi ichitike? Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, kodi makampani, makamaka omwe amatumiza katundu kuchokera ku China, angapindule bwanji ndi izi?
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe Port NOLA idafikira pamlingo wodalirika, tanthauzo lake pa ntchito, komanso momwe mabizinesi angagwiritsire ntchito Gulf Coast ngati njira yayikulu kapena yothandiza yotumizira makontena m'njira yanzeru.
Nambala ya 83%: Nkhani ndi Tanthauzo Lake
Chiwerengero cha maitanidwe a sitima omwe amafika mkati mwa maola 24 kuchokera nthawi yomwe yalengezedwa yofika (ETA) ndicho chomwe kudalirika kwa nthawi yotumizira zidebe kumatanthauza. Ngakhale panthawi yokhazikika, avareji ya mafakitale padziko lonse lapansi nthawi zonse yakhala pakati pa 50% ndi 65%. Chiwerengero chimenecho chinatsika kufika pa zosakwana 35% m'malo ambiri akuluakulu amalonda panthawi ya kusakhazikika kwa nthawi ya COVID ya 2021-2022.
Kudalirika kwa 83% kwa Port NOLA mu theka loyamba la 2025 n'kodabwitsa kwambiri poganizira zonsezi. Chilengezo chovomerezeka cha dokochi chikunena kuti izi ndi kusintha kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi momwe zinalili kale ndipo zapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa ma kontena kuchuluke. Port NOLA idagwira ma TEU 263,961 m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya 2025. Izi zinali kuwonjezeka kwa 2% kuchokera nthawi yomweyi chaka chatha komanso kuwonjezeka kwa 9% poyerekeza ndi theka lachiwiri la 2024.
Chiwerengero cha 83% chimenecho sichimangodzitamandira chabe. Wotumiza katundu wonyamula makontena a mamita 40 kuchokera ku Shanghai kapena Shenzhen tsopano akhoza kukonzekera ntchito zogawa ku US ndi chidaliro chachikulu. Mutha kukonzekera nthawi ya ogwira ntchito m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu molondola kwambiri. Mutha kufupikitsa nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mubwezeretsenso katundu wanu. Opanga ndi ogulitsa akhoza kuchepetsa ndalama zotetezera zomwe angafunike kusunga ngati katunduyo wafika mochedwa. Izi si zabwino; zimakhudza mwachindunji ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
| Miyeso | Doko la NOLA (H1 2025) | Avereji Yapadziko Lonse (2024–2025) |
| Ndandanda Kudalirika | 83% | ~ 55–60% |
| Ma TEU Oyendetsedwa (H1 2025) | 263,961 | Zimasiyanasiyana ndi doko |
| Kukula kwa Volume ya Chaka | +2% poyerekeza ndi H1 2024 | ~1–3% yapakati padziko lonse lapansi |
| Kukula poyerekeza ndi H2 2024 | + 9% | N / A |
| Kukula kwa Sitima Zapakati (2024) | + 15% YOY | N / A |
| Kukula kwa Kutumiza Zinthu ku Pulasitiki | +30% (H1 2025) | N / A |
Deta imeneyi ikusonyeza kuti doko silili lokhazikika kokha; likuyamba kukhala lotanganidwa kwambiri. Otumiza katundu akamafunafuna njira zopewera mizere yodzaza ya West Coast, amafunafuna kuphatikiza kukula kwa voliyumu ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino pa nthawi yake.
Kodi N’chiyani Chimayendetsa Kukonza Kudalirika?
Ntchito Zatsopano Zoperekera Chakudya ndi Mafoni Olunjika
Kukula kwa ntchito zotumizira katundu ndi kuyitana kwa madoko nthawi zonse kwakhala zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a nthawi ku Port NOLA. M'mbuyomu, zombo zotumizira katundu, zomwe zimalumikiza malo olumikizirana ndi maukonde akuluakulu a m'nyanja, zakhala zofooka pa unyolo wodalirika chifukwa zombo zazikulu zimasonkhana pamalo ofunikira otumizira katundu monga Cartagena kapena Kingston, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchedwa kufalikira ku zombo zina. Dokoli lagwira ntchito molimbika kuti lipange ubale ndi zombo zosiyanasiyana zonyamula katundu, zomwe zapangitsa kuti lisadalire kwambiri mgwirizano uliwonse wa sitima imodzi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zombo zomwe zingakwaniritse zosowa zake.
Makontena amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yotumizira katundu, mwayi wochepa woti zinthu zichedwe, komanso nthawi yochepa yokhala pamalo oimika magalimoto pamene pali mafoni ambiri m'malo motumiza katundu kudzera m'malo olumikizirana. Kwa anthu omwe amatumiza katundu kuchokera ku China kupita ku US Gulf: Uku ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa ntchito komwe kumakhudza kutumiza katundu wambiri pachaka.
Zotsatira za Zipangizo za Flywheel
Chida chodulira ndi zotsatira zodziwika bwino za kudalirika kwa nthawi zomwe akatswiri odziwa za kayendedwe ka zinthu amalankhula. Zombo zikafika pa nthawi yake, ziwiya zimachotsedwa, kukonzedwa, ndikubwezeretsedwanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuyenda kwa zida kukhale kwathanzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa ogulitsa kunja omwe akufuna mabokosi okonzeka kunyamula m'madoko aku China. Amanda Coates, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Katundu ku Port NOLA, wanena poyera kuti kudalirika kwabwino kwapangitsa kuti ziwiya zizipezeka nthawi zonse. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa ogulitsa kunja omwe amatumiza utomoni wa pulasitiki, katundu waulimi, ndi zinthu zopangidwa kudzera padoko.
Mbali yotumiza kunja yachitapo kanthu motere: kutumiza kunja kwa utomoni wa pulasitiki kunakwera ndi 30% mu theka loyamba la chaka cha 2025, ndipo kutumiza kwa PVC ku Southeast Asia ndi South America kukuyenda bwino kwambiri. Kutumiza kwa mkuwa kuchokera ku Asia kunakula kasanu panthawi yomweyi. Kusintha kumeneku si kochepa; kukuwonetsa kuti ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa katundu apanga zisankho zoyendetsera zinthu kutengera mfundo yakuti njira ya Gulf Coast yakhala chisankho chenicheni komanso chodalirika.
Ntchito Zachitukuko ndi Ntchito Zapamalo Olowera
Pali ma crane asanu ndi limodzi ku Port NOLA omwe amatha kuyendetsa sitima zokhala ndi ma TEU okwana 10,000, ndipo New Orleans Public Belt Railroad (NOPB) imapereka njira yolowera pakati pa sitima padoko. NOPB ndi njanji yosinthira ya Class III yomwe imalumikiza njanji zonse zisanu ndi chimodzi za Class I komanso nyumba zomwe zili m'doko. Njira yolowera iyi imachepetsa nthawi yodikirira magalimoto ndi magalimoto pazipata za terminal, zomwe zonse zimakhudza kwambiri momwe sitima zingabwerere mwachangu komanso, kuwonjezera, momwe zimatsatira bwino nthawi yawo. Ports America ndi New Orleans Terminal (NOT, yomwe ndi gawo la TiL, gawo la terminal investment la MSC) zimayendetsa machitidwe amakono ogwiritsira ntchito omwe amawathandiza kuti azitsatira mayendedwe a zotengera, nthawi yokhazikika, komanso nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yeniyeni.
Ubwino wa Kapangidwe ka Port NOLA monga Chipata Choyendetsera Zinthu
Sikokwanira kungoyang'ana kusintha kwa kudalirika kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse cha njira. Kupambana kwa magwiridwe antchito a Port NOLA kuli bwino kwambiri chifukwa ili ndi ubwino wapadera wa malo ndi zomangamanga zomwe zimaisiyanitsa ndi zina zomwe zili ku West Coast ndi East Coast.
Kulumikizana kwa Multimodal Mosiyana ndi Doko Lililonse la ku US
Port NOLA ili pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 100 kuchokera ku Gulf of Mexico pa Mtsinje wa Mississippi. Ilinso pakati pa netiweki yayikulu kwambiri ya ngalande zamkati ku North America. Dokoli limalumikizidwa ndi misewu yamkati yopitilira makilomita 14,500 yomwe imafika m'maboma 31. Izi zimathandiza kuti mabwato afike kumalo ogawa katundu mkati mwa America. Palibe doko lina lililonse la zotengera ku US lomwe lili ndi mwayi wofikira misewu yamkati ngati iyi.
Sitima zonse zisanu ndi chimodzi za Class I zomwe zili ku US service Port NOLA m'mbali mwa njanji kudzera mu NOPB switching njanji. BNSF ndi Union Pacific zonse zimapita kumadzulo ku California, Texas, ndi Southwest. CSX ndi Norfolk Southern zimalumikizana kum'mawa. Canadian National ndi Canadian Pacific Kansas City zimalumikiza netiweki ku Midwest, Texas, ndi Canada. Chidebe chomwe chimachoka ku New Orleans chimatha kufika ku Memphis ndi sitima m'maola ochepa, kupita ku Chicago m'masiku amodzi, komanso kupita ku Dallas kapena Kansas City m'nthawi yofanana.
| Kupita | Mayendedwe Oyerekeza (Sitima/Yapakati) | Njanji |
| Memphis, TN | Tsiku lomwelo / usiku womwewo | NS, CPKC |
| Chicago, IL | ~tsiku limodzi | CN, NS, CSX |
| Dallas, TX | ~ 1-2 masiku | BNSF, UP |
| Kansas City, MO | ~ 1-2 masiku | BNSF, UP, CPKC |
| Atlanta, GA | ~ 1-2 masiku | NS, CSX |
| Canada | ~ 2-3 masiku | CN, CPKC |
Ubwino wa Malo Ogulitsira Zakunja
Port NOLA imayendetsa Foreign Trade Zone (FTZ) yomwe ili ndi malo osungiramo katundu ndi malo osiyana kwambiri kuposa FTZ ina iliyonse yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi doko la ku US. Kwa otumiza katundu ochokera ku China, kugwira ntchito mu FTZ kungachedwetse kapena kuchepetsa ntchito yawo. Izi zimawapatsa ndalama zambiri komanso kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zomwe zingatumizidwenso kunja kapena kukonzedwanso zisanalowe mu malonda aku US. Pamene mitengo ya katundu wochokera ku China ili yokwera, kukhala wokhoza kuwongolera nthawi ya msonkho mwanzeru kumakhala ndi tanthauzo komanso kuyerekeza pa mtengo wofika.
Malo Osungira Zinthu Padziko Lonse ku Louisiana: Malo Osinthira Masewera
Pulojekiti ya Louisiana International Terminal (LIT) ndiyo ndalama zambiri zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga madoko ku Gulf Coast m'badwo uno. Malowa, omwe akumangidwa mothandizidwa ndi Investment Limited ndi Ports America, adzawononga ndalama zokwana $1.8 biliyoni. Gawo loyamba, lomwe lidzakhala ndi malo awiri ogona maboti 14,000 a TEU, likuyembekezeka kutsegulidwa mu 2028 pamalo a Violet ku St. Bernard Parish.
LIT ikamangidwa mokwanira, idzatha kuyendetsa ma TEU opitilira mamiliyoni awiri pachaka, zomwe ndi zochulukirapo kuwirikiza kawiri mphamvu ya makontena yomwe ilipo m'chigawochi. Dokoli lidzakhala ndi zomangamanga zamagetsi zomwe zingachepetse mpweya wochokera ku zombo zomwe sizikuyenda ndi 98%. Lidzakhalanso ndi zida zamagetsi komanso ntchito zambiri zamakontena omwe ali m'mabwato. LIT ikuyembekezeka kupanga ntchito zoposa 18,000 mwachindunji komanso mwanjira ina m'boma lonselo ndikubweretsa ndalama zoposa $1 biliyoni mu msonkho watsopano kwa maboma aboma ndi am'deralo. Kwa otumiza, kuthekera koyendetsa zombo zazikulu kwambiri kumatanthauza kuti zonyamula zazikulu panjira ya Asia-Gulf zidzakhala ndi chifukwa chabwino chopangitsa New Orleans kukhala doko lawo lalikulu m'malo moyimitsa pang'ono kapena kudalira chakudya. Izi ziyenera kuthandiza kuti nthawi yoikika ikhale yodalirika kwambiri pakapita nthawi.
Njira ya ku China ndi US Gulf: Zotsatira Zothandiza kwa Otumiza
Makampani akamatumiza katundu kuchokera ku China, monga zamagetsi, zovala, mipando, makina, kapena mankhwala, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Los Angeles/Long Beach kapena Savannah ndi New York/New Jersey ngati madoko awo aku US. New Orleans nthawi zambiri yanyalanyazidwa, ngakhale kuti ili ndi ubwino womanga nyumba, makamaka chifukwa panali mautumiki ochepa pakati pa Asia ndi Gulf ndipo kudalirika kwa nthawi kunali kochepa. Masamu amenewo akusintha kwambiri.
Mu theka loyamba la chaka cha 2025, katundu wochokera ku Port NOLA wochokera kumayiko angapo a Asia-Pacific anakwera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, katundu wochokera ku Singapore anakwera ndi 400%, katundu wochokera ku Malaysia anakwera ndi 112%, ndipo katundu wochokera ku Asia anakwera ndi kasanu. Malonda ndi Mexico ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe mankhwala ochokera ku organic anakwera ndi 70%. Ponseponse, katundu wochokera ku Chile anakwera ndi 66%. Izi si kuchuluka kochepa chabe; zikusonyeza kuti ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa akusankha kutumiza katundu wawo kudzera ku Gulf Coast, komwe kwakhala chisankho chodalirika komanso chodalirika.
Kupewa Kuchulukana kwa Madzi ndi Kusamutsa Ziwopsezo
Madoko a Los Angeles ndi Long Beach amagwirira ntchito limodzi 40% ya zinthu zonse zotumizidwa ku United States. Kuchuluka kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti dongosololi likhale lofooka. Mikangano ya ogwira ntchito, nyengo yoipa, kusintha kwa mgwirizano wa makampani onyamula katundu, kapena bizinesi yambiri ingayambitse kusokonezeka komwe kumatenga milungu ingapo ndikufalikira kudzera mu unyolo wopereka katundu. Madoko a East Coast monga Savannah ndi Charleston atenga katundu wambiri kuchokera kwa amalonda a West Coast, koma malo akutha.
New Orleans ndi njira yachitatu, ndipo kudalirika kwake kwa 83% kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino. Otumiza katundu omwe adagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri kugula makontena omwe adamangika padoko la San Pedro Bay kapena pamalo otanganidwa a East Coast amadziwa kuti kusinthasintha kwa njira si lingaliro chabe. Ili ndi mtengo weniweni komanso woyezeka. Kugawa mphamvu pakati pa njira zoyendetsera katundu kumatetezanso ku kusokonezeka kosayembekezereka komwe kungachitike nthawi iliyonse koma komwe kungakonzedwe.
Mpikisano wa Nthawi Yoyendera pa Asia-Gulf Lane
Nthawi yoyendera ndi nkhawa yofala kwa otumiza katundu omwe akuganiza zoyendera Gulf. Ntchito zolunjika ku Asia-Gulf kudzera mu Panama Canal ndizofanana ndi njira zoyendera gombe lakum'mawa kwa Pacific, nthawi zambiri zimatenga masiku 25 mpaka 35 kuchokera padoko kupita ku doko, kutengera doko lomwe limachokera ku China komanso mtundu wa ntchito zombo. Ntchito zambiri zolunjika kuchokera ku Shanghai kapena Ningbo kupita ku New Orleans zimatenga masiku 28 mpaka 32. Izi ndi zofanana ndi nthawi yomwe imatenga kuchokera ku West Coast kupita ku Midwest kapena Southeast United States mukaphatikiza nthawi yonse yomwe imatenga kuchokera khomo kupita khomo. Kufika pa sitima yapamtunda ya Port NOLA komanso kulumikizana mwachangu ndi dziko lonse ndi zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa izi kukhala zotheka.
Momwe Kutumiza kwa Topway Kumakuthandizireni Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwayi Uwu
Sikokwanira kungosungitsa sitima yopita ku Asia-Gulf ndikuyembekeza zabwino mukadutsa ku Port NOLA. Otumiza katundu ayenera kudziwa momwe angachitire zinthu zonse kuchokera ku China kupita ku US ndikubwerera, kuphatikizapo kayendetsedwe ka katundu wa panyanja, kuchotsera msonkho ku US, ndi kugawa katundu womaliza, kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino ubwino wokhala wodalirika komanso kulumikizana ndi anthu ambiri.
Apa ndi pomwe Topway Shipping imasiyanikira. Topway Shipping, yomwe ili ku Shenzhen, China, yakhala ikupereka mayankho olondola azinthu zamalonda apa intaneti kuyambira mu 2010. Gulu loyambitsa kampaniyo lili ndi zaka zoposa 15 zaukadaulo pazamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi komanso kuchotsa katundu wakunja. Cholinga chachikulu cha kampaniyo chili pa njira yoyendera ya China-US. Njira yoyendera imayendera limodzi ndi njira yogulitsira, komwe magwiridwe antchito abwino a Port NOLA ndi ofunikira kwambiri kwa otumiza.
Chitsanzo cha utumiki cha Topway chimakhudza unyolo wonse wa zinthu. Chimaphatikizapo mayendedwe oyamba kuchokera ku fakitale kapena nyumba yosungiramo katundu ku China kupita ku doko loyambira, mgwirizano wa katundu wa panyanja ndi njira zonse ziwiri zodzaza ndi chidebe (FCL) ndi zochepa kuposa chidebe (LCL) kuchokera ku China kupita ku madoko akuluakulu aku US monga New Orleans, kuchotsera msonkho ku US ndi ma broker odziwa bwino ntchito omwe amadziwa momwe angagawire HTS m'magulu, kuthana ndi vuto la AD/CVD, ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino FTZ, komanso kutumiza katundu womaliza ku malo osungiramo katundu, malo ochitira zinthu, kapena makasitomala otsiriza ku United States konse.
Mphamvu za Topway za LCL ndizothandiza makamaka kwa amalonda apaintaneti ndi makampani omwe amagula kuchokera kwa opanga aku China pomwe sakufuna chidebe chathunthu cha katundu wawo. Ntchito zophatikiza LCL kudzera munjira ya Gulf zikuchulukirachulukira pamene netiweki yolumikizira mwachindunji ya Port NOLA ikukula. Izi zili choncho chifukwa tsopano pali njira zambiri zonyamulira kuposa kale. Otumiza amatha kusankha njira ya Gulf Coast popanda kutaya kuwonekera bwino ndi ulamuliro womwe amayembekezera kuchokera kwa mnzake wamakono wonyamula katundu chifukwa cha mgwirizano womwe Topway wakhazikitsa ndi onyamula katundu komanso zida zowonera nthawi yeniyeni.
Kuwonjezera pa kuchita ntchito, Topway imaperekanso upangiri wanzeru posankha madoko ndikuwongolera njira. Munthawi yamitengo pomwe zisankho zokhudzana ndi kugawa komwe kumachokera komanso njira zoyendetsera kasitomu zimatha kusintha ndalama zofikira ndi magawo angapo, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi mnzanu wodziwa bwino bizinesi komanso mbali zalamulo za malonda pakati pa China ndi US. Malonda ndi abwino kwambiri kuposa mpikisano.
Kodi Kudalirika kwa 83% Kumatanthauza Chiyani mu Madola ndi Masenti?
Mukayika manambala odalirika osamveka bwino pankhani ya ndalama, amayamba kumveka bwino. Ganizirani za kampani yotumiza katundu yapakatikati yomwe imabweretsa katundu 50 wa FCL kuchokera ku China chaka chilichonse, ndi mtengo wapakati wa katundu wokwana $150,000 pachidebe chilichonse. Chiŵerengero cha kufika mochedwa cha 45%, chomwe chinali chofanana ndi avareji ya makampani zaka zingapo zapitazo, chikusonyeza kuti pafupifupi makontena 22 mpaka 23 amafika kunja kwa nthawi yomwe idakonzedweratu chaka chilichonse. Kufika mochedwa kulikonse kungatanthauze ndalama zolipirira kusungidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa katundu, ndalama zotumizira mwachangu kuti zibwezeretse kutha kwa katundu, komanso ogwira ntchito osagwira ntchito bwino m'nyumba zosungiramo katundu.
| Mtengo Category | Pa Chidebe Chochedwa (Choyesedwa) | Zotsatira za Pachaka (Kuchedwa 22) |
| Detention & Demurrage | $ 800- $ 2,500 | $ 17,600- $ 55,000 |
| Katundu Wofulumira wa M'dziko | $ 300- $ 1,200 | $ 6,600- $ 26,400 |
| Mtengo Wonyamulira Zinthu (buffer stock) | $ 500- $ 2,000 | $ 11,000- $ 44,000 |
| Kulephera kwa Ntchito mu Nyumba Yosungiramo Zinthu | $ 200- $ 600 | $ 4,400- $ 13,200 |
| Zotsatira Zonse Zoyerekeza Pachaka | - | $ 39,600- $ 138,600 |
Ndi kutumiza katundu 50 pachaka komanso kudalirika kwa 83%, makontena 8-9 okha ndi omwe amafika kunja kwa zenera lomwe latchulidwa. Izi ndi kuchepa kwa 60% kuchokera pa 55% yodalirika. Pogwiritsa ntchito manambala osasinthasintha, wogulitsa katundu wapakatikati angasunge pakati pa $24,000 ndi $83,000 pachaka pa muyeso umodzi wokha. Kwa mabizinesi akuluakulu omwe amasuntha makontena mazana ambiri chaka chilichonse, zotsatira zake zimakhala zokwanira kuti akwaniritse cholinga chapadera popanga zisankho zoyendetsera katundu.
Kulingalira kumeneku kumathandiza kufotokoza chifukwa chake oyang'anira zinthu aluso kwambiri akugwiritsa ntchito kudalirika kwa nthawi ngati muyezo wovomerezeka posankha madoko ndi zonyamulira, osati nthawi yoyendera yokha kapena mtengo wonyamula katundu waukulu. Mtengo wotsika wokhala ndi nthawi yayitali ukhoza kukhala wokwera mtengo kuposa mtengo wokwera pang'ono pa mzere pomwe 83% ya zombo zimafika pa nthawi yake.
Kuyang'ana Patsogolo: Ulendo wa Port NOLA Kupyola mu 2028 ndi Kupitirira
Kukula kwa Port NOLA ndi kapangidwe kake, osati kozungulira. Zinthu zingapo zomwe zikubwera zikusonyeza kuti mpikisano wa dokoli ukukulirakulira m'zaka zitatu kapena zisanu zikubwerazi. Pamene Louisiana International Terminal itsegulidwa mu 2028, idzasintha kwathunthu kukula ndi kuthekera kwa dokoli. Idzalola zombo zazikulu, katundu wambiri kusunthidwa, komanso kulumikizana kolimba ndi mabungwe akuluakulu onyamula katundu. Malo osungira katundu apeza kale Terminal Investment Limited (TiL), nthambi yogulitsa ndalama ya MSC, imodzi mwa zonyamula katundu zazikulu ziwiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuti igwire ntchito nayo. Izi zikusonyeza kuti onyamula katundu akufunitsitsa kupanga Gulf Coast kukhala njira yayikulu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuwonjezeka kwa kuyandikira kwa gombe ku Mexico ndi vuto lachiwiri. Pamene makampani akusuntha kapena kukulitsa ntchito ku Mexico kuti achepetse kukhudzana ndi unyolo wogulitsa katundu ku Asia, Port NOLA yakhala njira yachilengedwe. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwapakati pa doko la 20% pachaka kuchokera ku Mexico m'zaka zaposachedwa. New Orleans ndi malo achilengedwe opangira mankhwala ochokera ku Veracruz, katundu wogula kuchokera ku Monterrey, ndi katundu waulimi wochokera ku Mexico konse. Maulalo a sitima ndi bwato kupita kumadera ena a dzikolo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza zinthuzi komwe ziyenera kupita. Zimatenga masiku asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri kuti katundu ayende kuchokera ku Veracruz kupita ku New Orleans panyanja. Kuchokera pamenepo, imatha kufika ku Memphis ndi sitima m'maola ochepa kapena ku Chicago tsiku limodzi.
Dokoli likuikanso ndalama mu zomangamanga zomwe zili zabwino kwa chilengedwe, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza malipoti okhudza zachilengedwe omwe otumiza katundu ochokera kumayiko ena ayenera kutsatira. Kutha kwa LIT kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja kudzachepetsa kwambiri utsi wochokera ku sitima zomwe sizikuyenda. Kukonda njira za sitima ndi bwato, zomwe zonse mwachibadwa zimakhala ndi kaboni wochepa poyerekeza ndi magalimoto ataliitali, zikugwirizana ndi zolinga zochepetsera utsi wochokera ku Scope 3. Kwa mabizinesi omwe amatsatira njira zoyendetsera utsi wokhudzana ndi kayendedwe ka zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga GHG Protocol kapena CDP, njira yodutsa padoko lomwe limathandizira kwambiri kayendedwe ka utsi wochepa pakati pa njira za utsi ndi kusiyana komwe kumapitirira kasamalidwe ka ndalama.
Makampani ogulitsa zinthu monga Topway Shipping angathandize makasitomala osati kungogwiritsa ntchito mwayi womwe ulipo, komanso kukonzekera kusintha komwe kukubwera. Angathe kuchita izi podziwa kuti ndi ntchito ziti zonyamula katundu zomwe zingawonjezere kuyimba kwawo ku New Orleans pamene LIT ikuyandikira kutha, ndi magulu ati azinthu zomwe zingapindule kwambiri ndi njira ya Gulf pansi pa dongosolo la tariff lomwe lilipo, komanso momwe angapangire njira ya kasitomu ya FTZ ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo osungiramo katundu ogwirizana.
Kutsiliza
Si mwangozi kuti Doko la New Orleans lili ndi chiŵerengero chodalirika cha 83% pa nthawi yake. Izi ndi zotsatira za ndalama zomwe zakonzedwa mu zomangamanga, kayendetsedwe kabwino ka maubwenzi a onyamula katundu, ndi malo omwe amapereka kulumikizana kwakukulu pakati pa America. Kwa otumiza katundu omwe amasuntha makontena pakati pa China ndi US, ndi njira yamphamvu komanso yokulirakulira yoyendera m'zipata zotanganidwa za West Coast ndi East Coast.
Zotsatira zake zachuma ndi zenizeni: kuchepa kwa kufika mochedwa kumatanthauza kuti anthu sadzakumana ndi mavuto ambiri, kusamalira zinthu mosavuta, komanso kuchepetsa mtengo wofikira, ngakhale mitengo yonyamula katundu ndi yofanana. Nkhani yokhudza Gulf Coast routing mwina idzakula kwambiri pamene Louisiana International Terminal itsegulidwa mu 2028 ndipo netiweki yolumikizirana mwachindunji ya doko ikukula.
Kuti apeze maubwino amenewa, mabizinesi ayenera kugwirizana ndi mnzake wothandizana ndi anthu omwe akudziwa momwe angachitire ulendo wonse modalirika, ali ndi ubale ndi anthu onyamula katundu, komanso amadziwa momwe angachitire ndi misonkho ya ku US. Topway Shipping yakhala ikuyang'ana kwambiri njira yogulitsira pakati pa China ndi US kwa zaka zoposa khumi. Imapereka chithandizo chokwanira kuyambira mayendedwe oyamba mpaka kutumiza katundu womaliza. Njira yogulitsira katundu ndi chithandizo chokwanira kuyambira mayendedwe oyamba mpaka kutumiza katundu womaliza ndi zomwe makampani apadziko lonse lapansi akufunikira pakali pano.
Gombe la Gulf Coast silinso chisankho chachiwiri. Ndi chisankho chapamwamba chifukwa ndi chodalirika ndi 83% ndipo chikukhala bwino.
Ibibazo
Q: Kodi kudalirika kwa nthawi kumatanthauza chiyani potumiza zidebe?
A: Kudalirika kwa nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa zombo zomwe zimafika mkati mwa maola 24 kuchokera nthawi yomwe yanenedwa kuti ikufika (ETA). Pafupifupi zombo 5 mwa 6 zilizonse zimafika panthawi yake, zomwe ndi zabwino kwambiri kuposa avareji ya makampani apadziko lonse lapansi ya 55–60%.
Q: Kodi kudalirika kwa 83% kwa Port NOLA kukufanana bwanji ndi madoko ena akuluakulu aku US?
A: Kudalirika kwa nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa zombo zomwe zimafika mkati mwa maola 24 kuchokera nthawi yomwe yanenedwa kuti ikufika (ETA). Pafupifupi zombo 5 mwa 6 zilizonse zimafika panthawi yake, zomwe ndi zabwino kwambiri kuposa avareji ya makampani apadziko lonse lapansi ya 55–60%.
Q: Kodi nthawi yoyendera kuchokera ku China kupita ku New Orleans ikupikisana ndi nthawi yoyendera ku West Coast?
A: Ntchito zoyendera kuchokera ku China kupita ku New Orleans kudutsa Panama Canal nthawi zambiri zimatenga masiku 28 mpaka 32 kuchokera ku doko lina kupita ku lina. Pa katundu wopita ku US Mukawonjezera nthawi yomwe imatenga kupita ndi kuchokera ku West Coast, nthawi yonse yopita khomo ndi khomo nthawi zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi ya ku Midwest kapena South.
Q: Kodi otumiza katundu a LCL angapindule ndi njira zotumizira katundu ku Gulf Coast?
A: Inde. Topway Shipping imapereka ntchito zogwirizanitsa LCL pakati pa China ndi US Gulf Lane zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa otumiza katundu omwe alibe katundu wokwanira kuti akwaniritse kudalirika kwa Port NOLA.
Q: Kodi malo oimika magalimoto ku Louisiana International Terminal adzatsegulidwa liti?
A: Gawo loyamba la LIT likuyembekezeka kutsegulidwa mu 2028, ndipo lidzaphatikizapo malo awiri ogona sitima zomwe zimatha kusunga ma TEU okwana 14,000. Kuchuluka konse komwe kungapangidwe kukuyembekezeka kukhala ma TEU opitilira mamiliyoni awiri pachaka.
