Ukuthunyelwa kwe-DDP kusuka eShayina kuya e-US: Kungani Kuvele Kube Yintandokazi Yawo Wonke Umuntu
Ngolunye usuku, umthengisi wase-Ohio ubheka ideshibhodi yakhe yama-oda futhi ubona ukulethwa okuthathu kungaphansi kwemingcele yentela, ngakunye kuphethe ibhili yentela iklayenti elingakaze lizibophezele ukuyikhokha. Ikhasimende elilodwa lenqaba ukulethwa ngokuphelele. Okunye ukubuyekezwa kwenkanyezi eyodwa kuthi, “akekho ongitshele ukuthi ngizokweleta u-$46 emnyango.” Akukho kulokhu okucatshangelwayo manje. SekuyiLwesibili kubathengisi abayizinkulungwane abachithe iminyaka eyishumi edlule bethumela besuka eShayina beya e-United States ngaphansi kwemithetho engasekho.
DDP or Delivered Inkokhelo Yomsebenzi was a specialist word that procurement managers used to negotiate huge industrial contracts. In 2026 it’s the word every dropshipper, Amazon seller and Shopify brand owner writes into a forwarder’s chat window first thing in the morning. The rationale is simple and a little brutal: the old duty free shortcut is gone and DDP is the only structure left that keeps the checkout price and the delivered price the same number.
I-De Minimis Loophole Ihambile, Futhi Yashintsha Konke
For a decade or so, any parcel worth less than $800 could enter the United States without a formal ukungena kwamasiko and without paying a dime in duties, under a regulation called Section 321 de minimis. That one guideline silently spawned whole business models. Shenzhen and Yiwu factories shipped single units directly to American doorsteps, duty-free, with little paperwork and healthy margins.
Ukuphumula bekulokhu kuqhubeka ngezigaba futhi izinsuku zibalulekile ngoba kusenabaphakeli abaningi ngisho nabathumeli abacaphuna izinombolo ngokusekelwe ezweni elidala. 2 Meyi 2025 - Ukuphela kokuphathwa okungenamthelo wezimpahla ezivela eShayina naseHong Kong. Ngo-Agasti 29, 2025, ukuvinjelwa okufanayo kwanwetshwa ekuthunyelweni kwezimpahla ngenani eliphansi ezivela kuwo wonke amanye amazwe. Inketho yesikhashana yephosi eqondile eyanciphisa okwesikhashana ukushayeka kokuthunyelwa ngeposi yaphela ngomhlaka-28 Febhuwari 2026, futhi yathathelwa indawo ukubalwa kwe-ad valorem okusekelwe esilinganisweni sentela yezwe lapho kuvela khona. Izithunywa eziningi zazithembele kumzila we-T86 ongakahleleki, owavalwa ngokuphelele ngoMeyi 2, 2026. Futhi ngoJuni 2026, i-US Customs and Border Protection yabhala ukumiswa emthethweni wezwe ovala umnyango kunoma yikuphi ukuguqulwa okusheshayo.
Kwaba nesikhathi esifushane sokudideka ekuqaleni kuka-2026 ngemuva kwesinqumo senkantolo sokususa isethi ehlukile yentela yokubuyisana eyayibekwe ngaphansi kwamandla ezomnotho aphuthumayo. Abanye abathengisi babecabanga ukuthi i-de minimis izobuya ngokuthula nayo. Ayizange ibuye. Kodwa icala lisezindaweni ezahlukene zomthetho futhi i-CBP yaliqinisekisa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kwesinqumo. Umphumela osebenzayo kunoma ubani othumela impahla evela eShayina ulula. Akusekho into efana nephasela elingenayo intela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi liphethe ikesi yocingo yamadola amahlanu noma i-drone yamadola angamakhulu amahlanu.
For anyone who built a business on the old rules, in a bizarre way, it’s a type of whiplash. A supplier relationship that took years to negotiate on pricing suddenly needs to be renegotiated on paperwork instead, because the cheapest factory estimate means nothing if the parcel it produces gets detained in a customs line for two weeks while CBP finds out who is supposed to pay for it. The quickest to adapt were not the biggest sellers; they were the ones who were willing to rebuild their imigomo yokuthutha from scratch rather than hope that the old exemption would quietly reappear.
Lokho Okushiwo Yi-DDP Empeleni Uma Imisebenzi Ingena Esithombeni
I-Delivered Duty Payed iyi-Incoterm, ingxenye yesilulumagama esijwayelekile esisetshenziswa ukuhweba ngamazwe ukuhlukanisa umthwalo wemfanelo phakathi komthengi nomthengisi. Ku-DDP, umthengisi unesibopho sayo yonke impahla ethunyelwayo okuhlanganisa impahla, intela yokungenisa impahla, intela yentela esebenzayo, ukusulwa kwempahla, kanye nentela yendawo ngokuvamile kuze kube yilapho ibhokisi lifika ekhelini lekhasimende. Umthengi ubona intengo eyodwa lapho ekhokha futhi akakhokhi lutho olunye emnyango.
That term existed long before 2025, but it used to be optional flavour language on a shipping quote. Now it functions closer to a survival requirement. Duty is inescapable on every single parcel, and somebody has to be named as the ongenisa amarekhodi ezweni, somebody has to classify the products with a full ten-digit Harmonised Tariff Schedule code, and somebody has to pay before the shipment is released. DDP simply answers all three questions in advance, with the seller’s forwarder handling it rather than leaving a confused customer holding a bill from a courier they have never heard of.
I-DDP ngokumelene ne-DDU ngokumelene ne-FOB: Ubani Okhokha Ngempela
Abathengisi abaqhathanisa izingcaphuno njalo babona ama-Incoterms amathathu noma amane ephonswa engxoxweni efanayo, futhi ukuhlukahluka akusikho okungaphezu kwamandla. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi umthwalo wemfanelo wangempela ukhona kuphi ngelungiselelo ngalinye, ngoba yilokhu okuzonquma ukuthi ikhasimende lakho lithola ukulethwa okubushelelezi noma ibhili elingalindelekile.
| Ithemu | Ngubani okhokhela imithwalo | Ngubani okhokha intela kanye nezindleko | Ubani ophatha ukungena kwempahla yangokwezifiso | Ingozi yokumangala komthengi |
| I-FOB (Mahhala ebhodini) | Umthengi | Umthengi | Umthengi noma umthengisi womthengi | High |
| I-DDU (Umsebenzi Olethiwe Awukhokhiwe) | Umthengisi | Umthengi | Umthengi noma umthumeli egameni lomthengi | High |
| I-DAP (Ilethwa endaweni) | Umthengisi | Umthengi | Umthengi | Maphakathi ukuya phezulu |
| I-DDP (Kukhokhelwe Umsebenzi Okhokhelwe) | Umthengisi | Umthengisi | Umthumeli womthengisi | ongaphakeme |
Ngaphansi kwe-FOB noma i-DDU, intengo ekhonjisiwe ku-inthanethi kanye nentengo ekhokhiwe empeleni ingahluka kakhulu ngemva kokufika kwemithwalo eyayivame ukuphuma mahhala. Lokho kungafani yikho kanye obekulokhu kulimaza ulwazi lwamakhasimende kulo lonke imboni kusukela maphakathi no-2025, futhi yisona sizathu esikhulu esenza abathengisi bathuthele imigomo yabo yokuthumela baye ku-DDP kunokugcina indlela endala.
Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi i-Incoterms ekuqaleni yayihloselwe ukuhweba okukhulu kwezimboni, imishini eminingi noma izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihamba phakathi kwezinkampani ezimbili ezazinamaqembu entela kanye namaqembu ezomthetho kubasebenzi. Bekubonakala sengathi kufana kakhulu nokusebenzisa inkulumo efanayo kubaqeqeshi ababili abathunyelwe ekhelini eliyimfihlo e-Ohio futhi lokho kuyingxenye yesizathu esenza abathengisi abaningi abancane bangayinaki imibhalo emincane iminyaka eminingi kangaka. Leso sikhathi somusa cishe sesidlulile, futhi igama elikhonjiswe kulebula yokuthumela manje linquma ukuthi iphakheji yekhasimende ifika kahle noma ibanjwe njengesiboshwa esikhungweni sokusabalalisa sesifunda.
Inani Lokuthunyelwa Kwe-DDP Empeleni Elibiza Kangakanani Ngo-2026
Izindleko yilapho izinto ziba nzima khona ngempela, ngoba imithethonqubo eqondile yesikhathi se-de minimis ithathelwe indawo ngesakhiwo esinezingqimba esincike kumzila wokuthumela, uhlobo lomkhiqizo, kanye nesizwe esivela kuso. Nasi isifinyezo sezitolo ezinkulu ezikhetha phakathi kwalezi zinsuku.
| Isiteshi | Indlela umsebenzi obalwa ngayo | Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile | Ukubamba okuphawulekayo |
| Iposi lamazwe ngamazwe (isib. Isitayela se-ePacket) | Imali ekhokhwayo ehambisana nesiqalo, noma i-ad valorem ngemuva kukaFebhuwari 2026 | Amaphasela ento eyodwa alula kakhulu, anenani eliphansi | Into eshibhile ingabangela imali engaphezu kakhulu kwenani layo |
| I-courier ye-Commercial Express, i-DDP | I-Ad valuem duty kanye neSigaba 301 kanye nanoma yiziphi izendlalelo ze-IEEPA noma zeSigaba 232 ezisebenzayo, ezikhokhelwa kusengaphambili | Kuqonde ngqo emaphaseleni abathengi okusadingeka athunyelwe ngalinye ngalinye | Requires accurate Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-HTS phambili |
| Bulk ocean or air freight into a US warehouse | Intela ekhokhwa kanye ngenani eliphelele ekungeneni, bese ikhokhwa ngaphakathi ezweni | Imikhiqizo esungulwe enevolumu eqinile | Kudingeka imali yokusebenza iboshwe ngaphambi kokuba intela ibuyiswe ngokuthengisa |
Noma yini esathuthwa njengephasela elilodwa lisuka eShayina, isiteshi seposi sesibe ugibe lwangempela lwezimpahla ezinenani eliphansi. Inketho yentela ethile eqondile yayingasatholakali, futhi amaphasela eposi avela eShayina naseHong Kong manje asesakhiwo esingase sikhokhise intengo emisiwe edlula inani lento engabizi kakhulu kuye ngokuthi ingakanani. Ibhokisi lefoni elingamadola ambalwa lingafaka inkokhelo yentela izikhathi eziningana ngentengo yalo yokuthengisa uma lidlula ngendlela engafanele. Futhi lokho okungavamile yingakho, nganoma yini engaphezu kwezinto ezilula kakhulu nezishibhile, isevisi yeposi yezentengiselwano ngemigomo ye-DDP isibe yincomo ezenzakalelayo.
Okwamanje, ukuhlanganiswa kwenqwaba kuyaqhubeka kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu ngeyunithi ngayinye uma ivolumu ifinyelela ezingeni elithile, njengoba intela ikhokhwa kanye kuphela ngenani lokuthengisa ngobuningi, kunokuba ikhokhwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngenani lokuthengisa emaphaseleni amaningi ngamanye. Ukushintshana kwemali kuyindlela yokugeleza kwemali. Intela kumele ikhokhwe kuqala kulo lonke iqembu ngaphambi kokuba iyunithi eyodwa iphume iye kumakhasimende futhi lokho kunzima ukucela uhlobo oluncane kunolukhona.
Kungani Ushintsho Lwenzeke Ngokushesha Kangaka
Kuhle ukugxila ekutheni kungani i-DDP isuke kumbhalo ongezansi yaya esihlokweni kungakapheli nonyaka, ngoba ikhambi aligcini nje ngokulawula, liyindlela yokuziphatha. Ukubikezela kwakubaluleke kakhulu kumakhasimende kunentengo ephelele. Umthengi obona intengo efaka phakathi intela yamadola angu-34 ekukhokheni mancane amathuba okuthi ayeke i-oda kunalowo othola umyalezo ovela kumthumeli efuna amadola angu-9 ngaphambi kokuba adlulisele iphakheji.
Amaphakheji alahliwe kanye nokubamba impahla yamasiko okulahliwe kubiza imali yangempela, hhayi nje kuphela okuhle. Okwamanje, iphasela elingafunwanga liheha imali yokugcina, futhi livame ukubuyiselwa ezweni lakubo noma libhujiswe, kuyilapho umthengisi ekhokha izindleko zokuqala zokuthumela kabili, kungekho lutho olubonakalayo. Abathumeli, abadla buthule lokhu kulahlekelwa ngaphansi kwemigomo ye-DDU ngo-2025, baqala ukusunduza amakhasimende ku-DDP hhayi ngenxa yomusa kodwa ngoba okunye kwakuwukulahlekelwa yimali engenayo.
Kunencazelo elula kakhulu. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-HTS okulungile. Ukungenisa irekhodi. Umsebenzi okhokhelwa kusengaphambili. Lapho umsebenzi ungasakwazi ukugwenywa kukho konke ukuthunyelwa, umthwalo wangempela wokuphatha we-DDP awuzange ube yinto engavamile, eyinkimbinkimbi futhi waba yizitebhisi zetafula. Uma ithimba lomthengisi selivele liqoqe le datha kukho konke ukuthengiselana kungakhathalekile imigomo, kulula nje ukuba nomthumeli ayihlanganise ibe yisilinganiso esisodwa se-DDP esiqondile kunokuphatha i-oda nge-oda.
Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kwe-DDP Okusuka Ngayo Embonini Kuya Emnyango
Indlela yokuthunyelwa kwe-DDP ayiyinkimbinkimbi njengoba imibhalo ikwenza kuzwakale. Izimpahla ziqoqwa esitshalweni noma endaweni yokugcina impahla e-China. Umthumeli uzonikeza ikhodi ye-HTS efanele futhi abale intela ekhokhwayo kuye ngesigaba somkhiqizo kanye nezwe avela kulo. Leso sibopho, kanye nezindleko zokuthutha kanye nokuphatha, konke kuhlanganiswe kube yisilinganiso esisodwa umthengisi asikhokhelayo kusengaphambili futhi akukho i-invoyisi ehlukile elinde emngceleni.
Bese ithunyelwa ngendiza, ngeposi esheshayo noma ngempahla yasolwandle kuye ngokuthi ishesha kangakanani kanye nomthamo wayo. Ithimba lomthengisi wezimpahla zamasiko lifaka isicelo esisemthethweni ku-US Customs and Border Protection egameni lomthengisi, lisebenza njengomthengisi noma lisebenzisana nomthengisi wezimpahla zangempela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi intela isikhokhiwe kakade futhi amaphepha asevele ethunyelwe kahle. Ukuthunyelwa kuthambekele ekufikeni ngokushesha kunokufika ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-DDU, lapho izimpahla zamasiko kufanele zifune umuntu ukuze akhokhe ngaphambi kokukhululwa.
From the customer’s point of view the last mile is the same as any other home delivery. The package comes through a normal carrier, nobody comes knocking for extra money, and the same tracking number they were given at checkout is the same number that tracks the product all the way to their door. The whole goal of DDP is that invisibility, the complexity happens upstream and the customer never sees it.
Amaphutha Avamile Awenziwa Abathengisi Lapho Beshintshela Ku-DDP
Iphutha elibaluleke kakhulu ukulandela isilinganiso se-DDP esiphansi kakhulu ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuthi isigaba se-HTS esisekelwe kuso silungile ngempela. Lokhu kushiya umthengisi esengozini yokuhlolwa kabusha, inhlawulo, noma ukuthunyelwa okumiswe emngceleni kuyilapho i-CBP ibuza imibuzo engekho owayenezimpendulo zayo, uma umthumeli enqaba isilinganiso ngokubeka umkhiqizo esigabeni sentela encane.
Another common mistake is overlooking bonded warehousing as an option for sellers who import in quantity. Storing products in a bonded facility will allow you to defer duty until the product actually leaves the warehouse for delivery. This can greatly alleviate the cash flow crunch that bulk DDP importing produces otherwise.
Iphutha lesithathu, elicashile kodwa elibiza ngokulinganayo, ukungayinaki indlela imithwalo ye-FCL olwandle, imithwalo ye-LCL olwandle kanye nemithwalo yezindiza eziziphatha ngayo ngendlela ehlukile uma imithwalo ifakiwe. Ukuze kugcwaliswe imithwalo emikhulu, ukuthunyelwa olwandle okuhamba kancane kungaba okushibhile kakhulu ngeyunithi ngayinye, kuyilapho i-DDP ye-courier yomoya noma ye-express inengqondo kakhulu ngokuthenga okubalulekile noma okuncane ngesikhathi. Ukuphatha ngokushintshana ngokuvamile kusho ukukhokha ngokweqile ngakolunye uhlangothi noma ukulahlekelwa iwindi lokuthengisa ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Kukhona futhi iphutha elithambile okufanele liqanjwe: ukucabanga ukuthi ukushintshela ku-DDP kuwumsebenzi wamaphepha okwenziwa kanye kuphela kunokuba kube ukubambisana okuqhubekayo. Amanani entela, uhlu lokungabandakanywa, izinto eziza kuqala ekuphoqelelweni - konke lokho bekulokhu kuqhubeka njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kusukela ngo-2025, futhi ukuhlukaniswa okwakulungile ngoJanuwari kungaba okungalungile kalula ehlobo. Abathengisi abaya kumthengisi wabo we-DDP njengesethi bese bekhohlwa ukuthi umthengisi uvame ukuba yibo ababanjwe bebambeke ngoshintsho lwentengo olulandelayo. Abathengisi abagcina umugqa ovulekile nomlingani wabo wezokuthutha bafunda ngezinguquko ngaphambi kokuba bavele njengezimanga ku-invoyisi.
Ukukhetha Umlingani we-DDP Ongamethemba Ngempela
Akukho kulokhu okusebenza ngaphandle komthumeli okwaziyo kokubili uhlangothi lokuthumela kanye nohlangothi lwentela ngoba i-DDP ithembeke kuphela njengokuhlelwa kanye namadokhumenti ngemuva kwayo. Yilapho abathengisi abaningi beshiswa khona, njengoba noma ubani engaphrinta izinhlamvu ze-DDP esilinganisweni, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abangakusekela ngamakhodi e-HTS afanele, ukufakwa kwentela okuhlelekile kahle kanye nerekhodi lokuthunyelwa okufika ngokushesha.
I-Topway Shipping ibilokhu ikule ndlela kusukela ngo-2010, futhi siseShenzhen nethimba elisungule elineminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi nanhlanu yolwazi lwezokuthutha kanye nokususwa kwezimpahla kwamanye amazwe, ingxenye enkulu yayo igxile kuphela emzileni waseShayina kuya e-US. Esikhundleni sokubheka i-DDP njengensizakalo eyinhloko, inkampani ihlanganisa uchungechunge oluphelele oludingwa ngumthengisi, ukuqoqwa kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezimpahla eShayina, ukugcinwa kwezimpahla kwamanye amazwe e-United States, ukususwa kwezimpahla ngokusemthethweni kanye nokulethwa kwezimpahla okokugcina kumakhasimende okugcina. Kubathengisi abathutha izimpahla ezinkulu, i-Topway Shipping iphinde inikeze umthwalo ogcwele wezitsha oguquguqukayo kanye nomthwalo ongaphansi kwemithwalo yezitsha olwandle ovela eShayina uye emachwebeni amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, okunikeza imikhiqizo ekhulayo indlela yokuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezimpahla eziningi nokulethwa kwezimpahla ze-DDP ngqo ngaphansi kobudlelwano obubodwa kunokuhlanganisa abathengisi abahlukene ngengxenye ngayinye yochungechunge.
Leyo ngxube ibaluleke kakhulu namuhla kunangeminyaka emibili edlule. Umthengisi ongahambisa umthamo phakathi kwendlu yokugcina impahla eboshiwe ogwini, ukubhukha isitsha se-FCL kanye nomzila we-DDP courier kuye ngesizini kanye nomkhiqizo unenkululeko yangempela yokulawula kokubili izindleko kanye nolwazi lwamakhasimende, kunokuba abanjwe kunoma iyiphi indlela eyodwa ayibeka kuqala.
Kuyasiza futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi imigomo yokuthumela akuyona isinqumo sesikhathi esisodwa, esingakhohlwa. ngenkathi ivolumu ikhuphuka futhi ezomnotho ziba zinhle kakhulu, uhlobo oluqala nge-DDP eqondile ngenkathi luhlola imakethe yase-US lungathuthela isu elihlanganisiwe, i-warehouse ehlanganisiwe enengxenye, i-container yengxenye ye-FCL, i-courier yengxenye ye-DDP ethuthukisiwe. Akubalulekile kangako ukuthi ilebula ithini kunoma yikuphi ukuthunyelwa okukodwa kunobudlelwano bokudlulisela ngoba umlingani ofanele uzolungisa ingxube njengoba izimo zishintsha, angazami ukusunduza yonke i-oda ngendlela efanayo kungakhathaliseki usayizi noma ukuphuthuma.
Isiphetho
Uhlelo olusebenze iminyaka eyishumi lokuthumela iShayina e-US aluzange lushintshe, lwaphuka, futhi lwaphuka ngokushesha ezindleleni ezintathu ezinkulu zomthetho phakathi kukaMeyi 2025 noJuni 2026. I-Duty ayiseyona into engavamile ebangelwa i-oda elikhulu, iyimali enqunyiwe kuyo yonke iphasela, kungakhathalekile ukuthi linani. Kuleso simo, i-DDP ayiseyona inketho ye-premium, kodwa iyisisombululo esizenzakalelayo sawo wonke umthengisi oqotho ukuze alondoloze ulwazi lwamakhasimende akhe kanye nokugeleza kwemali engenayo. Abathengisi abangakunaki lokhu njengokubuyela emuva kwesikhashana yibo abangase babanjwe bengalindele yisibuyekezo esilandelayo sokuphoqelelwa komthetho. Labo asebevele bahlele kabusha amalungiselelo abo okuthumela nge-DDP, besekelwa ngumthumeli ongahlukanisa imikhiqizo ngendlela efanele futhi acacise amasiko ngaphandle kwedrama, yibo abangasaziboni izindaba.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q: Ingabe ukuthunyelwa kwe-de minimis okukhululekile okuvela eShayina kuyabuya?
A: Hhayi esikhathini esifushane. Kusukela ngoMeyi 2025, ukumiswa kwelulwe ngezigaba futhi kwaqhubeka nokusebenza ngisho nangemva kokuba isinqumo sentela ehlukile sichithiwe enkantolo futhi safakwa emthethweni kahulumeni maphakathi no-2026. Kuzodingeka umthetho omusha noma isinyathelo esisha sikamongameli ukuwulungisa, futhi akukho sibonakaliso sokuthi noma yikuphi kuzokuza maduze.
U: Ingabe i-DDP isho ukuthi ikhasimende alikhokhi lutho olwengeziwe nhlobo?
A: Yebo, intela yentela, amanani entela kanye nemali ejwayelekile yokuhlanza. Lokhu kufakiwe entengweni ekhokhwa ngumthengisi lapho ekhokha. Intela yokuthengisa yendawo uma ikhona ngokuvamile ifakiwe, ngakho-ke inani eliphelele lekhasimende emnyango yilokho elivumile ukukukhokha ku-inthanethi.
U: Ingabe i-DDP ibiza kakhulu kune-FOB noma i-DDU yokuthumela?
A: Izindleko ezifikayo zivame ukufana ngemva komsebenzi azinakugwenywa nganoma iyiphi indlela kodwa i-DDP ishintsha leyo ndleko iye entengo ekhangisiwe kunokuba ishaqise umthengi kamuva. Abathengisi abaningi bazothola ukuthi ukwehla kokulethwa okwenqatshiwe kanye nokubuyekezwa okungekuhle kungaphezu kokuhlanganisa iprimiyamu encane entengo yezimpahla.
U: Ingabe umthengisi omncane kufanele asebenzise i-bulk import noma i-direct parcel DDP?
A: Kuncike ekungeneni kwemali kanye nomthamo. I-DDP yephasela eliqondile ilungele kahle ivolumu encane noma abathengisi abasha njengoba intela ikhokhwa ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye, i-oda nge-oda. Uma ivolumu iphakeme ngokwanele ukuze kuvunyelwe ukukhokha intela kuqoqo elithengiswa ngobuningi ngaphambili, ngokuvamile kushibhile ngeyunithi ngayinye ukungenisa ngobuningi enqolobaneni yaphesheya kwezilwandle.
Q: Kwenzekani uma ukuthunyelwa kuhlukaniswa kabi ngaphansi kwekhodi ye-HTS engalungile?
A: Kungase kuholele ekuhlolweni kwentela okulungisiwe, izinhlawulo noma ukuthunyelwa okugcinwe emngceleni ukuze kwenziwe ukucaciswa. Yingakho uma ungumthumeli osebenza ekuhlukaniseni, ukunemba kubaluleke kakhulu njengentengo yesihloko kusilinganiso se-DDP.