Kuchazwe i-UFLPA: Kungani Ukuthunyelwa Kwakho KwaseShayina Kungase Kuboshwe Emachwebeni ase-US

 

Isitsha sisuka eShenzhen ngesikhathi, sidlula emigwaqweni ngaphandle kobunzima bese siwela iPacific emavikini amathathu. Bese sihlala echwebeni laseLos Angeles noma eLong Beach. Akukho monakalo. Akukho mibhalo elahlekile ngomqondo ojwayelekile, isaziso nje sokubanjwa esibhekisela kumthetho iningi labangenisi eliwuzwile kodwa abangakaze bawuqonde kahle: uMthetho Wokuvimbela Abasebenzi Abaphoqiwe base-Uyghur. Kumabhizinisi athenga izinto zikagesi, izingubo, izingxenye zelanga noma izinto zezimboni ezivela eShayina, lokhu kuyingozi evamile yokusebenza kunokuba kube yinto engavamile.

I-UFLPA akuyona intela futhi akuyona imithethonqubo ejwayelekile yokuthobela imithetho yamasiko engalungiswa nge-invoyisi elungisiwe noma ikhodi ye-HTS elungisiwe. Kuwukuvinjelwa kokungeniswa kwempahla okuphoqelelwe okunombono osemthethweni obeka umthwalo wobufakazi kumngenisi. Manje sekuyimpoqo ukuthi noma ngubani othutha izimpahla ngaphandle kweShayina azi ukuthi kusebenza kanjani, kungani ukuphoqelelwa kwemithetho kukhule ngo-2026 nokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa ubuthakathaka.

Lokho Okwenziwa Yi-UFLPA Ngempela

UMthetho Wokuvimbela Abasebenzi Abaphoqelelwe base-Uyghur, owamiswa ngoDisemba 2021 futhi osebenza kusukela ngoJuni 21, 2022, usungula umbono ongaphikiswa wokuthi izimpahla ezimbiwe ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye, ezikhiqizwe, noma ezenziwe eSifundeni Esizimele sase-Xinjiang Uyghur zenziwa ngabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe. Ngaphansi kwalowo mbono, imikhiqizo enjalo ayivunyelwe ukungena e-United States ngaphandle kokuthi umngenisi angaveza ubufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo obuphikisana nalokho.

Isisho sokugcina yilapho izinkampani eziningi ziwubukela phansi umthetho. Ubufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo buwumkhawulo ophezulu wezomthetho, ongaphezu kakhulu kobuningi obujwayelekile bezindinganiso zobufakazi ezisetshenziswa emacaleni amaningi omphakathi. Akwanele ukusho nje ukuthi ifektri ayikho eXinjiang. I-CBP ifuna ukubona uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka olubhalwe phansi futhi olulandelekayo, okuhlanganisa zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa, izingxenye ezincane kanye nalapho abasebenzi betholakala khona esigabeni ngasinye, hhayi nje endaweni yokugcina yokuhlanganisa.

Futhi akukho okuhlukile kwe-de minimis. Ngisho noma umkhiqizo oqediwe wakhiwe eGuangdong noma eZhejiang, ungabanjwa uma i-CBP inesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ngisho nokufakwa okuncane kwakuvela eXinjiang, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiseli yebhethri, i-fiber yendwangu noma i-polysilicon wafer. Yingakho umthetho udlulela ngale kwezinkampani ezinezixhumanisi ezisobala zeXinjiang futhi uthinta kakhulu abakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi, izingxenye zezimoto, kanye nezimpahla zabathengi ezijwayelekile, abangase bangazi nokuthi abahlinzeki babo abangaphansi kwesigaba bathenga kuphi izinto zabo zokusetshenziswa.

Umlando Omfushane Wendlela Esifike Ngayo Lapha

UMthetho Wokuvimbela Abasebenzi Abaphoqelelwe base-Uyghur, owamiswa ngoDisemba 2021 futhi osebenza kusukela ngoJuni 21, 2022, usungula umbono ongaphikiswa wokuthi izimpahla ezimbiwe ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye, ezikhiqizwe, noma ezenziwe eSifundeni Esizimele sase-Xinjiang Uyghur zenziwa ngabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe. Ngaphansi kwalowo mbono, imikhiqizo enjalo ayivunyelwe ukungena e-United States ngaphandle kokuthi umngenisi angaveza ubufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo obuphikisana nalokho.

Isisho sokugcina yilapho izinkampani eziningi ziwubukela phansi umthetho. Ubufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo buwumkhawulo ophezulu wezomthetho, ongaphezu kakhulu kobuningi obujwayelekile bezindinganiso zobufakazi ezisetshenziswa emacaleni amaningi omphakathi. Akwanele ukusho nje ukuthi ifektri ayikho eXinjiang. I-CBP ifuna ukubona uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka olubhalwe phansi futhi olulandelekayo, okuhlanganisa zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa, izingxenye ezincane kanye nalapho abasebenzi betholakala khona esigabeni ngasinye, hhayi nje endaweni yokugcina yokuhlanganisa.

Futhi akukho okuhlukile kwe-de minimis. Ngisho noma umkhiqizo oqediwe wakhiwe eGuangdong noma eZhejiang, ungabanjwa uma i-CBP inesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ngisho nokufakwa okuncane kwakuvela eXinjiang, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiseli yebhethri, i-fiber yendwangu noma i-polysilicon wafer. Yingakho umthetho udlulela ngale kwezinkampani ezinezixhumanisi ezisobala zeXinjiang futhi uthinta kakhulu abakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi, izingxenye zezimoto, kanye nezimpahla zabathengi ezijwayelekile, abangase bangazi nokuthi abahlinzeki babo abangaphansi kwesigaba bathenga kuphi izinto zabo zokusetshenziswa.

Ukuphoqelelwa Komthetho Kusheshile Kakhulu Kuze Kube Ngu-2026

UMthetho Wokuvimbela Abasebenzi Abaphoqelelwe base-Uyghur, owamiswa ngoDisemba 2021 futhi osebenza kusukela ngoJuni 21, 2022, usungula umbono ongaphikiswa wokuthi izimpahla ezimbiwe ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye, ezikhiqizwe, noma ezenziwe eSifundeni Esizimele sase-Xinjiang Uyghur zenziwa ngabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe. Ngaphansi kwalowo mbono, imikhiqizo enjalo ayivunyelwe ukungena e-United States ngaphandle kokuthi umngenisi angaveza ubufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo obuphikisana nalokho.

Isisho sokugcina yilapho izinkampani eziningi ziwubukela phansi umthetho. Ubufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo buwumkhawulo ophezulu wezomthetho, ongaphezu kakhulu kobuningi obujwayelekile bezindinganiso zobufakazi ezisetshenziswa emacaleni amaningi omphakathi. Akwanele ukusho nje ukuthi ifektri ayikho eXinjiang. I-CBP ifuna ukubona uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka olubhalwe phansi futhi olulandelekayo, okuhlanganisa zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa, izingxenye ezincane kanye nalapho abasebenzi betholakala khona esigabeni ngasinye, hhayi nje endaweni yokugcina yokuhlanganisa.

Futhi akukho okuhlukile kwe-de minimis. Ngisho noma umkhiqizo oqediwe wakhiwe eGuangdong noma eZhejiang, ungabanjwa uma i-CBP inesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ngisho nokufakwa okuncane kwakuvela eXinjiang, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiseli yebhethri, i-fiber yendwangu noma i-polysilicon wafer. Yingakho umthetho udlulela ngale kwezinkampani ezinezixhumanisi ezisobala zeXinjiang futhi uthinta kakhulu abakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi, izingxenye zezimoto, kanye nezimpahla zabathengi ezijwayelekile, abangase bangazi nokuthi abahlinzeki babo abangaphansi kwesigaba bathenga kuphi izinto zabo zokusetshenziswa.

Isithombe Esifingqiwe Sokuphoqelelwa Kwe-UFLPA

Isikhathi	Ukuthunyelwa Kubuyekeziwe	Ukwenqatshelwe Ukungena	Inani Elithintekile
FY2022 (ingxenye, kusukela ngoJuni 21)	~2,000+	Idatha inqunyelwe	$357.8M+ (zonke izenzo zokuphoqelelwa ukusebenza)
FY2024	4,850	Akubikwanga ngokwehlukana	Kufakwe kumanani aphelele
FY2025	7,325	Iningi lokuthunyelwa okubuyekeziwe	Kufakwe kumanani aphelele
FY2025 – Ephreli FY2026 (kuhlanganisiwe)	17,651	10,959	$ 294.76M
Kuqongelelwe kusukela ngo-2022	18,000 +	N / A	$ 3.81B

Into eyodwa okufanele uyiqaphele ukuthi ngo-2026, i-CBP yalungisa iwebhusayithi yayo ye-Forced Labour futhi yabuyekeza i-UFLPA Enforcement Statistics Dashboard ukuze ibale ukuthunyelwa njengokuthengiselana kokungenisa ngakunye kunokufakwa okuhlanganisiwe. Lokhu kuvumela abangenisi ukuthi babone umbono ocacile, ongahlungwa ngonyaka wezimali, umkhakha wezimboni, izwe lokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-HTS-4. Kodwa-ke, kusho nokuthi ukuqhathaniswa komlando eminyakeni edlule kudinga ukufundwa ngokucophelela njengoba indlela yokubala ishintshile.

Yimiphi Imikhakha Ebhekene Nengozi Enkulu Kakhulu

Ama-elekthronikhi, ikakhulukazi amadivayisi elanga kanye ne-photovoltaic, ngokwesiko abe yingxenye ephezulu kakhulu yokuvalelwa kwe-UFLPA, lapho izingubo, izicathulo kanye nezindwangu kuza endaweni yesibili, kanye nezinto zezimboni nezokukhiqiza endaweni yesithathu. Kodwa ukubuyekezwa kokufakwayo kunwebe kakhulu kwaze kwaba ngu-2026.

Ezincomweni zayo zakamuva, i-CBP ihlonze izingubo; izimpahla zikakotini nezokotini; i-polysilicon; utamatisi; i-aluminium; i-polyvinyl chloride; ukudla kwasolwandle; i-caustic soda; ithusi; i-lithium; amadethi abomvu; kanye nensimbi njengezigaba ezinobungozi obukhulu. Ukufakwa kwe-lithium, ithusi, i-PVC, i-aluminium kanye nensimbi kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kuyizinto zokusetshenziswa embonini yezimoto, ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri, izingxenye zehadiwe zemboni yokwakha kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-elekthronikhi. Ngisho nenkampani engakaze ithole noma yini ngqo e-Xinjiang ingabanjwa ekuboshweni uma umhlinzeki eningana eshiya phansi umugqa ephatha enye yalezi zinto ezifakiwe.

Izinqumo zenkantolo zenze kwaba nzima kakhulu ukuphikisa ukuboshwa uma kwenzeka. Ku-Ninestar Corp. v. United States, izinkantolo ziqinisekisile ukuthi yize i-CBP idinga kuphela isizathu esizwakalayo sokubangela ukucatshangwa, umngenisi unomthwalo omkhulu kakhulu wobufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo bokuphikisa. Lokhu kuye kwavala umnyango kulokho izinkampani eziningi ezazikucabanga ngaphambilini njengomnyango wokwahlulela, kugcizelela ukuthi ukuzivikela kwangempela ekuvezweni kwe-UFLPA kumele kube ngaphambi kokuba imikhiqizo ifike echwebeni lase-US, hhayi ngemva kwalokho.

Kuhle ukuma kancane ubuze ukuthi kungani i-lithium nethusi kube yizindawo ezibucayi kangaka. Zombili izinsimbi zibalulekile emotweni kagesi kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwebhethri, kanti iShayina ibusa amandla okucubungula emhlabeni wonke kuzo zombili lezi zinto, hhayi nje ukumba. Ngisho noma iphakethe lebhethri lenziwe eKorea noma imoto ehlanganiswe eMexico, i-lithium ecwengekile noma ithusi ngaphakathi komkhiqizo oqediwe isengahlolwa yi-CBP e-United States uma iprosesa eliyicwengekile lingalandelelwa emuva kuprosesa exhunywe eXinjiang. Lolu uhlobo lokuvezwa okungaqondile okumangaza ngisho nabangenisi abakhuthele kakhulu, abaxhumano lwabo ngqo nabaphakeli lubonakala luhlanzekile ngokuphelele ephepheni.

Abanye abangenisi bamangala nokubona ukudla kwasolwandle ohlwini, yize kubonakalisa umkhuba osuvele ukhona wezinhlelo zokudluliselwa kwabasebenzi ezixhumene neXinjiang ezibeka abasebenzi ezitshalweni zokucubungula ukudla kwasolwandle ogwini lwaseShayina, kude neXinjiang uqobo. Lokho kungafani kwezwe kuyisikhumbuzo esibalulekile sokuthi indawo yangempela yefektri ikutshela okuncane kakhulu ngengozi yokuthola abasebenzi. Isiqondiso se-CBP sigcizelela ukuthi abangenisi kufanele bahlole ingozi hhayi ngamakheli efektri kuphela, kodwa nangezinhlelo zokudluliselwa kwabasebenzi kanye namalungiselelo abasebenzi.

Izindleko Zangempela Zokuboshwa, Ngalé Kwenani Lempahla

Abaphathi abangakaze babhekane nokuboshwa kwe-UFLPA ngokuvamile bakholelwa ukuthi ingozi yezezimali inqunyelwe enanini lemikhiqizo nokuthi uma izimpahla zikhululwa ekugcineni, lesi sigameko cishe siyinto exakile. Eqinisweni, inani lempahla livame ukuba ngaphansi kwezindleko ezingaqondile. Uma isikhathi samahhala sesiphelile, izindleko zokugcina impahla kanye nezindleko zokugcina impahla emachwebeni amakhulu ase-US zingaba izinkulungwane zamaRandi ngosuku ngesitsha ngasinye, futhi ukuboshwa kuvame ukuhlala amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga ngenkathi kuqoqwa futhi kuhlolwa imibhalo.

Kukhona futhi intengo engabonakali kangako, kodwa okungenzeka ukuthi ibiza kakhulu okufanele ikhokhwe: umphumela ekuthunyelweni kwesikhathi esizayo. Uma i-CBP ibona umngenisi werekhodi noma umhlinzeki othile ekuboshweni kwe-UFLPA, ukuthunyelwa okulandelayo okubandakanya umngenisi noma umhlinzeki ofanayo ngokuvamile kungaphansi kokuhlolisiswa okwengeziwe isikhathi eside - ngokuvamile iminyaka hhayi izinyanga. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuboshwa okukodwa kungakhuphula buthule izindleko kanye nokungaqiniseki kobudlelwano bokuthola impahla esikhathini esizayo, ngemuva kokuthi inkinga yokuqala yokuthunyelwa isilungisiwe. Umphumela oyinkimbinkimbi uzwakala ikakhulukazi ngabathengisi bezitolo kanye ne-e-commerce abangalahlekelwa kakhulu ekuthengisweni okulahlekile kunezimali zokunciphisa izindleko ngokwabo uma bephuthelwa amafasitela esitokwe ngesikhathi sokuthenga okuphezulu.

Kwenzekani Uma Ukuthunyelwa Kubanjwa

“Isaziso sokuboshwa asisona ukuphela kwenqubo, siwukuqala kwayo.” Lapho i-CBP imemezela ukuthunyelwa, umngenisi ngokuvamile unezinsuku ezingama-30 zokuphendula ngobufakazi obufakazela ukuthi uyamukelwa. Lobo bufakazi buvame ukudinga imephu ephelele yochungechunge lokunikezwa kwemali olubuyela emthonjeni wezinto zokusetshenziswa, ama-oda okuthenga, amarekhodi okukhiqiza, ukuhamba kwezinkokhelo, kanye nemibiko efungelwe noma imibiko yokuhlolwa kwezinkampani zangaphandle yokuthi abasebenzi abaphoqelelwe abasetshenziswanga ndawo endleleni.

Uma impendulo ingagculisi, noma uma kungekho mpendulo ethunyelwe, i-CBP ingase ivimbele ukungena ngokuphelele. Izimpahla ezinqatshiwe ngokuvamile zithunyelwa kabusha noma zibhujiswe, ngezindleko zomngenisi. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho i-CBP noma i-Homeland Security Investigations isola ukuthi umngenisi ukhulume kabi ngamabomu izwe lezimpahla ezingenisiwe, izimpahla zingase zibanjwe ukuze kuthathwe futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulahlekelwa ngokwe-19 USC § 1592, ezingathwala izinhlawulo ezifika kumakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi. Ezinye izimo zokuboshwa ngabanye, okuhlanganisa ukugcinwa, ukuncipha kwezindleko, izimali zomthetho kanye nokulahleka kokuthengiswa, kubize ngaphezu kwama-$800,000 sekukonke.

Ngisho noma impahla ikhishwa, umthelela wezezimali awuvamile ukuphela emikhiqizweni yodwa. Ama-container agcinwe ejele abangela izindleko zansuku zonke zokunciphisa intela kanye nokugcina impahla. Ukulethwa sekwephuzile kungajezisa ama-oda noma kukhansele amakhasimende athengisayo alinde izimpahla. Futhi ukugcinwa okukodwa kurekhodi lomthengisi ongenisa impahla kuvame ukuletha ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyo yonke impahla elandelayo evela kumhlinzeki ofanayo noma umthengisi ofanayo ongenisa impahla, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka ezayo.

Ukwakha Uchungechunge Lokunikezela Oluvikelekile Ngaphambi Kokuthunyelwa Kwezimpahla

“Isaziso sokuboshwa asisona ukuphela kwenqubo, siwukuqala kwayo.” Lapho i-CBP imemezela ukuthunyelwa, umngenisi ngokuvamile unezinsuku ezingama-30 zokuphendula ngobufakazi obufakazela ukuthi uyamukelwa. Lobo bufakazi buvame ukudinga imephu ephelele yochungechunge lokunikezwa kwemali olubuyela emthonjeni wezinto zokusetshenziswa, ama-oda okuthenga, amarekhodi okukhiqiza, ukuhamba kwezinkokhelo, kanye nemibiko efungelwe noma imibiko yokuhlolwa kwezinkampani zangaphandle yokuthi abasebenzi abaphoqelelwe abasetshenziswanga ndawo endleleni.

Uma impendulo ingagculisi, noma uma kungekho mpendulo ethunyelwe, i-CBP ingase ivimbele ukungena ngokuphelele. Izimpahla ezinqatshiwe ngokuvamile zithunyelwa kabusha noma zibhujiswe, ngezindleko zomngenisi. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho i-CBP noma i-Homeland Security Investigations isola ukuthi umngenisi ukhulume kabi ngamabomu izwe lezimpahla ezingenisiwe, izimpahla zingase zibanjwe ukuze kuthathwe futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulahlekelwa ngokwe-19 USC § 1592, ezingathwala izinhlawulo ezifika kumakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi. Ezinye izimo zokuboshwa ngabanye, okuhlanganisa ukugcinwa, ukuncipha kwezindleko, izimali zomthetho kanye nokulahleka kokuthengiswa, kubize ngaphezu kwama-$800,000 sekukonke.

Ngisho noma impahla ikhishwa, umthelela wezezimali awuvamile ukuphela emikhiqizweni yodwa. Ama-container agcinwe ejele abangela izindleko zansuku zonke zokunciphisa intela kanye nokugcina impahla. Ukulethwa sekwephuzile kungajezisa ama-oda noma kukhansele amakhasimende athengisayo alinde izimpahla. Futhi ukugcinwa okukodwa kurekhodi lomthengisi ongenisa impahla kuvame ukuletha ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyo yonke impahla elandelayo evela kumhlinzeki ofanayo noma umthengisi ofanayo ongenisa impahla, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka ezayo.

Lapho Abathumeli Bempahla kanye Nabalingani Bezokuthutha Bevumelana Khona

“Isaziso sokuboshwa asisona ukuphela kwenqubo, siwukuqala kwayo.” Lapho i-CBP imemezela ukuthunyelwa, umngenisi ngokuvamile unezinsuku ezingama-30 zokuphendula ngobufakazi obufakazela ukuthi uyamukelwa. Lobo bufakazi buvame ukudinga imephu ephelele yochungechunge lokunikezwa kwemali olubuyela emthonjeni wezinto zokusetshenziswa, ama-oda okuthenga, amarekhodi okukhiqiza, ukuhamba kwezinkokhelo, kanye nemibiko efungelwe noma imibiko yokuhlolwa kwezinkampani zangaphandle yokuthi abasebenzi abaphoqelelwe abasetshenziswanga ndawo endleleni.

Uma impendulo ingagculisi, noma uma kungekho mpendulo ethunyelwe, i-CBP ingase ivimbele ukungena ngokuphelele. Izimpahla ezinqatshiwe ngokuvamile zithunyelwa kabusha noma zibhujiswe, ngezindleko zomngenisi. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho i-CBP noma i-Homeland Security Investigations isola ukuthi umngenisi ukhulume kabi ngamabomu izwe lezimpahla ezingenisiwe, izimpahla zingase zibanjwe ukuze kuthathwe futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulahlekelwa ngokwe-19 USC § 1592, ezingathwala izinhlawulo ezifika kumakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi. Ezinye izimo zokuboshwa ngabanye, okuhlanganisa ukugcinwa, ukuncipha kwezindleko, izimali zomthetho kanye nokulahleka kokuthengiswa, kubize ngaphezu kwama-$800,000 sekukonke.

Ngisho noma impahla ikhishwa, umthelela wezezimali awuvamile ukuphela emikhiqizweni yodwa. Ama-container agcinwe ejele abangela izindleko zansuku zonke zokunciphisa intela kanye nokugcina impahla. Ukulethwa sekwephuzile kungajezisa ama-oda noma kukhansele amakhasimende athengisayo alinde izimpahla. Futhi ukugcinwa okukodwa kurekhodi lomthengisi ongenisa impahla kuvame ukuletha ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyo yonke impahla elandelayo evela kumhlinzeki ofanayo noma umthengisi ofanayo ongenisa impahla, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka ezayo.

Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Abangenisi Abangazithatha Manje

Awunciphisi nje ukuvezwa kwe-UFLPA kanye bese uqeda; ubeka imikhuba embalwa eba yingxenye yemisebenzi evamile. Qala ngokuhlola abathengisi okungaphezu kohlu lokuhlola lokuhlola lwefektri bese ubuza ngobuqotho ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zivelaphi. Hlanganisa amadokhumenti ukuze uwagcine ehlelekile futhi kulula ukuwathola. Uma isaziso sokuboshwa sitholwa, awufuni ukugijimela ukuthola amaphepha, asakazeke eminyangweni eminingana noma kuma-imeyili abahlinzeki, ngesikhathi sokugcina sempendulo sezinsuku ezingu-30.

Kuphinde kusize ekuhlukaniseni ukutholakala kwemikhiqizo noma nini lapho kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni ezinobungozi obukhulu i-CBP ezizitholile, kanye nokuhambisana nemiyalelo eshintshayo ye-CBP esikhundleni sokuthembela eselulekweni seminyaka embalwa edlule. Isibuyekezo sewebhusayithi ye-Forced Labour sika-2026 kanye nedeshibhodi ye-UFLPA ethuthukisiwe, engahlungwa ngemboni kanye nekhodi ye-HTS-4, inikeza abangenisi ithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu lokubona ukuthi isigaba sabo somkhiqizo ngamunye sisebenze kanjani esikhathini esidlule sokuphoqelela ngaphambi kokuba bazibophezele ohlelweni lokuthumela.

Okokugcina, cabanga ngomthengisi wakho wezimpahla noma umthengisi wezimpahla njengomlingani wokuthobela imithetho, hhayi nje umthengisi wezokuthutha. Izinkampani ezibandakanya umhlinzeki wazo wezokuthutha kusenesikhathi, zabelana ngolwazi lomhlinzeki kanye nemikhuba yamadokhumenti kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba izimpahla zibhukhwe, cishe zithola izimpawu ezibucayi ngokushesha futhi ziphendule imibuzo ye-CBP ngokuphazamiseka okuncane kakhulu kunezinkampani ezibandakanya umthengisi wazo kuphela uma ukuthunyelwa sekuvele kubhajwe echwebeni.

Kuhle futhi ukwakha ubudlelwano obuqinile nomeluleki wezohwebo ngaphambi kokuba kube nokuboshwa, kunokuzama ukuthola umuntu ngaphansi kwengcindezi yesikhathi uma isikhathi sokuphendula sezinsuku ezingu-30 sesiqalile. Uma inkampani ithola inkinga yokuthola abasebenzi yodwa, izinkampani ezigxile ekuphoqelelweni kwabasebenzi zingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukudalulwa kwangaphambilini kunengqondo yini. Lokho kunganciphisa ngokunengqondo izinhlawulo ezingaba khona uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CBP ethola inkinga efanayo yodwa. Ukulinda ukwenza lowo mhlangano wokuqala nomeluleki kuze kube yilapho imikhiqizo ibanjwe ngokomzimba cishe njalo kuphumela esikhathini esilahlekile esingenakutholakala.

Lezi zinyathelo aziqinisekisi ukuthi ukuthunyelwa ngeke kubanjwe. Njengoba i-CBP ichaze izigaba zezingozi ngo-2026 ngendlela ebanzi ngayo, ngisho nabangenisi abaneziketanga zokuhlinzeka ezihlanzekile ngempela bangase bahlolwe ngoba umkhiqizo wabo ungaphansi kwekhodi ye-HTS-4 ephawuliwe. Ukulungiselela okuhle okuqinisekisayo impendulo esheshayo nethembekile uma kufika isaziso sokuboshwa, okuyinto ezimweni eziningi umehluko phakathi kokubambezeleka kwamasonto amabili kanye nokuma kwezinyanga eziningi.

Isiphetho

I-UFLPA ikhule kusukela enkingeni yokuthobela imithetho ekhethekile kuya engozini yokusebenza evamile kunoma ubani ongenisa evela eShayina, futhi izibalo zokuphoqelelwa komthetho zika-2026 zenza lokho kube nzima ukukuphika. Ukuboshwa kuyanda, uhlu lwezinto ezihlolwayo luyanda, futhi umkhawulo wezomthetho wokuphikisa ukucabanga kokuqashwa ngenkani uphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukuhwebelana neShayina manje akunakwenzeka, kodwa kusho ukuthi imibhalo yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, ukuvuleleka kwabahlinzeki kanye nokulungiselela okusebenzayo akuseyona into eyengeziwe yokuzikhethela. Kungumehluko phakathi kokuthunyelwa okuhamba kahle kanye nalokho okuhlala izinyanga eziningi ejele. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina izimpahla zihamba kusewukusebenza nomlingani wezokuthutha onolwazi owazi indlela yeShayina ne-US futhi wakhe ukuthobela izinqumo zokuthola kusukela ekuqaleni, kunokuba aqhubeke ngemuva kokuvela kwenkinga.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

U: Iyini indinganiso esemthethweni yokuphikisana nombono we-UFLPA?

A: Abangenisi kumele bahlangabezane nomthwalo omkhulu wobufakazi obucacile nobukholisayo, obungaphezu kobufakazi obuvamile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinto azizange zenziwe ngabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ochungechungeni lokunikezwa kwempahla.

U: Ingabe i-UFLPA isebenza kuphela ezimpahleni ezenziwe ngqo eXinjiang?

A: Cha. Akukho okuhlukile kwe-de minimis, okusho ukuthi imikhiqizo eqediwe eyenziwe kwenye indawo eShayina noma kwamanye amazwe isengagcinwa uma kukhona izinto zokusetshenziswa noma ingxenye ebuyela emuva eXinjiang.

U: Umthengisi wezimpahla uthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphendula isaziso sokuboshwa?

A: Abangenisi bavame ukuba nezinsuku ezingama-30 zokunikeza ubufakazi bokuthi bayavunyelwa, futhi okufanayo kusebenza ekufakeni isicelo seHhovisi Lezinhlawulo, Izijeziso, kanye Nokuthunjwa Kwempahla le-CBP uma imikhiqizo ithathwa.

U: Yiziphi izigaba zemikhiqizo ezibhekene nokuhlolisiswa okuseduze ngo-2026?

A: Lokhu okulandelayo okwamanje kubizwa ngokuthi izigaba eziyingozi kakhulu yi-CBP: Izingubo, ukotini, i-polysilicon, i-aluminium, i-PVC, ukudla kwasolwandle, i-caustic soda, ithusi, i-lithium, amadethi abomvu, kanye nensimbi.

Q: Ingabe umlingani omuhle wezokuthutha anganciphisa ingozi ye-UFLPA?

A: Ukusebenza nomlingani oqonda ukuhweba phakathi kweShayina ne-US, njengeTopway Shipping, kungasiza ekuboneni izikhala kumadokhumenti kusenesikhathi, futhi kusingathwe lonke uchungechunge lwezokuthutha, kunciphisa ingozi yokumangala lapho ukuthunyelwa kufika echwebeni lase-US.