Isitsha Sakho Sibambekile? Amaphutha Ayisi-7 Angokwesiko Abulala Ukuthunyelwa Kwakho Okusuka EShayina Kuya ETurkey
Njalo ngonyaka, izinto ezibiza izigidigidi zamaRandi zigeleza zivela ezimbonini zaseShayina ziya ezindaweni zokugcina impahla zaseTurkey, ezitolo nasezikhungweni zokusabalalisa. IShayina isalokhu ingumlingani ohamba phambili kwezohwebo eTurkey e-Asia lapho ukungeniswa okuvela eShayina kuphela kufinyelela cishe ku-$44.93 billion ngo-2024. Kodwa ngisho nakulo mhubhe omkhulu noyinkimbinkimbi wezohwebo, inani elimangalisayo lama-container lisabambezeleka echwebeni lase-Ambarlı lase-Istanbul, eMersin noma e-Izmir - ngezinye izikhathi amasonto - ngenxa yamaphutha amakhulu amasiko angagwenywa.
Uma ungenisa, ungumphathi wezimpahla noma uthengisa izimpahla ze-e-commerce esiteshini saseShayina-Turkey, lesi sihloko siwukuhlola kwakho iqiniso. Ngeke sikutshele izinto ezibanzi njengokuthi 'thola amadokhumenti akho kahle'. Sizokuhambisa ngamaphutha ayisikhombisa aqondile enza umonakalo omkhulu, ukuthi kungani enzeke nokuthi alungiswa kanjani. Ezinye zalezi zinselele ziye zaba nzima kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule njengoba iTurkey iqhube izinguquko ezinkulu zenqubomgomo ezithinta imikhawulo yamasiko, imithetho yokuphepha komkhiqizo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwentela - izinyathelo ezimangaze abaningi abathumeli abanolwazi.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwekhodi Ye-HS: Iphutha Elibiza Kakhulu Ongalenza
I-Turkey isebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa kwekhodi ye-Harmonised System (HS) enezinombolo eziyi-10 kanye nokungahlukaniswa kahle kuyaqhubeka nokuba, ngazo zonke izindlela, umthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokulibaziseka kwamasiko, izinhlawulo kanye nokubanjwa kokuthunyelwa komzila phakathi kwe-China ne-Turkey. Lokhu akuyona into ecacile. Ikhodi ye-HS oyichaza ezimpahleni zakho ithinta izinga lakho lentela, ukuphathwa kwakho kwe-VAT, ukuthi ngabe intela eyengeziwe yamasiko (i-ACD) isebenza kuphela emikhiqizweni evela e-China nokuthi ngabe ukuthunyelwa kwakho kuqalisa ukuhlolwa kokuphepha komkhiqizo okuphoqelekile ngohlelo lwe-TAREKS lwase-Turkey.
Isimo senziwa sibe sibi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi amasiko aseTurkey agcina amarekhodi entengo aphelele futhi ayazi kahle amasu okuhlukanisa ngokungafanele njalo. I-elekthronikhi, izindwangu kanye nemishini inezinga lokuhlola elingaphezu kuka-30%, kanti izikhulu zamasiko e-Istanbul naseMersin ziqeqeshwe ukubona izimpahla ezibonakala sengathi zibekwe ezigabeni zentela ephansi. Impahla yendwangu ebizwa ngokuthi “indwangu yezimboni” ukuze igweme intela yengubo ephezulu, noma impahla yamakhasimende e-elekthronikhi echazwa ngokungacacile ngokuthi “izingxenye,” cishe izotholakala.
Okwenezela ekuphuthumeni yinani elikhulu lezenzo zokulungiswa kwentela eTurkey: izinto ezingaphezu kuka-3,000 zaguqulwa ngentela ngo-2025 kuphela. Izinga lentela yekhodi eyayilungile ekuthunyelweni kwakho ngonyaka odlule lingase lihluke namuhla. Ungahloli nje ikhodi yakho ye-HS ekuthunyelweni kokuqala, njalo uyihlole ngokwesheduli yentela yamasiko yaseTurkey yamanje ekuthunyelweni ngakunye.
Izigaba zemikhiqizo ezivamile kanye nezigaba zazo zomsebenzi ezilinganiselwa kusukela ngo-2025-2026:
| Isigaba somkhiqizo | Ububanzi Bekhodi Ye-HS (Isibonelo) | I-Duty Rate | I-VAT (KDV) | amanothi |
| Consumer Electronics | 8471 / 8517 | I-0-10% | 20% | Izinga lokuhlola eliphezulu; Ukumaka i-CE kuvame ukudingeka |
| Izindwangu Nezingubo | 5208 / 6203 | I-10-12% | 18% | Ukuhlolwa kokulwa nokulahla; kubalulekile ukuqinisekiswa kwemvelaphi |
| Imishini Nemishini | 8428 / 8479 | I-0-8% | 18% | Izindleko eziphansi; kudingeka amadokhumenti obuchwepheshe |
| Amathoyizi | 9503 | eliguqukayo | 18% | Kuvinjelwe ekuvunyelweni okulula kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2024 |
| Izicathulo / Izicathulo | 6402 / 6404 | eliguqukayo | 18% | Kuvinjelwe ekuthunyelweni kweposi okulula/ukuthunyelwa kweposi |
| Izingxenye Yezimoto | 8708 | I-3-10% | 18% | Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-OEM vs. ngemuva kwemakethe kubalulekile |
| Imikhiqizo Yesikhumba | 4205 | eliguqukayo | 18% | Umkhiqizo onobungozi obukhulu; ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuphoqelekile |
Ukungabi Namanani Angcono Kwezimpahla Ku-Invoyisi Yezentengiselwano
Enye yamaqhinga amadala kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe ukuncisha imikhiqizo ku-invoyisi yezentengiselwano, futhi amasiko aseTurkey ahlakaniphile ngayo yonke indlela. “Iziphathimandla zamasiko zaseTurkey zinemininingwane yedatha yamanani eqhathanisa amanani amenyezelwe nezilinganiso zemakethe yomhlaba. Uhlelo luzobona ngokushesha ukuthunyelwa kwama-smartphone uma kungu-$8 ngeyunithi ngayinye ku-invoyisi yakho uma intengo yemakethe ingu-$85.
Uma kukhona umehluko ekulinganisweni kwentengo, isitsha sakho sifakwa emgqeni ukuze sihlolwe ngokuningiliziwe. Igunya lentela lizohlola izimpahla ngalokho elikholelwa ukuthi yinani elifanele lemakethe, liphinde libale intela kanye ne-VAT ngokufanele, futhi livame ukufaka izinkokhelo ezengeziwe zesijeziso phezulu. Izimpahla, ezimweni ezingavamile, zingase zithwalwe. Inhlawulo ekhokhwayo cishe ivame ukuba nkulu kakhulu kunezindleko zokuzama ukonga amaphuzu ambalwa entengo, ngokuvamile okuphindwe kathathu noma kane.
Kukhona noshintsho lwesakhiwo olwenza lokhu kube yingozi kakhulu kunangaphambili. ITurkey yanciphisa isithiyo sayo sokungenisa impahla nge-e-commerce kusuka ku-€150 kuya ku-€30 ngo-Agasti 2024, kanti umthetho owakhishwa ngoDisemba 2024 wengeze izindleko zokuthumela enanini le-CIF elikhokhiswa intela, wehlisa umkhawulo osebenzayo wafinyelela cishe ku-€27. Ngokwehlukana, iTurkey yaqeda ngokuphelele ukuvunyelwa kwempahla ngentengo ephansi kwezinto ezinenani eliphansi ezithengwe ngamapulatifomu e-e-commerce aphesheya kwezilwandle kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2026. Noma iyiphi indlela ehilela ukuhlukanisa ukuthunyelwa noma ukumemezela amanani aphansi ngamanga ukuthi ahlale ngaphansi kwalezi zindlela manje isengozini enkulu kakhulu yesenzo sokuphoqelela.
Amadokhumenti Angaphelele noma Angalungile
Imbangela yesibili evame kakhulu yokugcinwa kwempahla amaphepha angalungile noma angekho. Amasiko aseTurkey anohlu oluthile lwamadokhumenti adingekayo. Kwabaningi abathumeli, amadokhumenti abe yinto ecatshangelwe kamuva, okufanele ahlanganiswe ngemva kokuba impahla isivele isemanzini. Lena indlela engalungile. Amaphutha kumadokhumenti atholakala echwebeni abiza kakhulu ukuwalungisa kunamaphutha atholakala kusenesikhathi njengoba isikhathi sihamba ezimalini zokugcina impahla, izindleko zechweba kanye nokunciphisa izindleko ezivela emgqeni wokuthumela impahla.
Imibhalo evamile yempahla yezentengiselwano esuka eShayina iya eTurkey iqukethe i-invoyisi yezentengiselwano, uhlu oluphelele lokupakisha, i-bill of lading/airway bill, kanye nesitifiketi semvelaphi. Leso sisekelo asikwanele ezigabeni eziningi zemikhiqizo. Ama-elekthronikhi adlula emasikweni aseTurkey ngokuvamile adinga isitifiketi sokumaka i-CE. Amathoyizi, izicathulo kanye nemikhiqizo yesikhumba manje adinga imibiko yokuhlola ukuphepha kwelabhorethri eqinisekisa ukuhambisana neziqondiso zamakhemikhali zaseYurophu mayelana nemikhawulo yama-phthalates, i-lead, i-cadmium kanye nama-hydrocarbon aromatic e-polycyclic. Ngasekupheleni kuka-2024, abahloli baseTurkey bahlola ngokungahleliwe izinto ezingu-182 ezivela eShayina kulezi zigaba futhi bathola ukuthi ezingu-148 zazo, cishe u-81%, azidlulanga imigomo yokuphepha. Lokhu kushintshe kakhulu isimo sokulawula sokuthobela umkhiqizo.
Kukhona futhi nobunzima bamasiko nokuxhumana. Abathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina bathola ukuthi ama-ejenti amasiko aseTurkey avame ukuhumusha amadokhumenti ngendlela ehlukile kunendinganiso abathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina abajwayele ukuyihumusha. Ifomethi yohlu lokupakisha oludlula ngaphandle kokugxekwa echwebeni laseJalimane ingase iphakamise imibuzo e-Ambarlı. Kuyisidingo esisebenzayo kule ndlela ukusebenzisana nomthengisi wamasiko waseTurkey wendawo oqonda lezi zinto ezicashile.
Uhlu lokuhlola olujwayelekile lwamadokhumenti okuthunyelwa kwezentengiselwano kusuka eShayina kuya eTurkey:
| Idokhumenti | Iyadingeka Ukuze | Iphutha Elivamile | Umthelela Wephutha |
| I-invoyisi yezentengiso | Konke ukuthunyelwa | Ukungabi namanani aphelele / incazelo engacacile | Ukubamba + isijeziso + ukuhlolwa kabusha |
| Uhlu lokupakisha | Konke ukuthunyelwa | Ukungafani nempahla yangempela | Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kuqalwe |
| I-Bill of Lading / AWB | Konke ukuthunyelwa | Imininingwane engalungile yothumeli | Ukulibaziseka kokukhishwa |
| Isitifiketi Somsuka (CO) | Ukunqunywa kwesilinganiso sentela | Ifomethi engekho noma engalungile | I-ACD isetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele |
| Isitifiketi sokumaka se-CE | Electronics, imishini | Akuthunyelwe | Imithwalo ivinjwe yi-TAREKS |
| Umbiko Wokuhlolwa Kokuphepha / Kwelebhu | Amathoyizi, izicathulo, isikhumba | Akukho noma kuphelelwe yisikhathi | Ukubanjwa / ukubuya / ukubhujiswa |
| Ilayisensi Yokungenisa (uma ikhona) | Izimpahla ezikhawulelwe | Akutholakalanga ukuthunyelwa kusengaphambili | Impahla yenqatshelwe ukungena |
Ukunganaki Uhlelo Lokuphepha Lomkhiqizo lwe-TAREKS lwaseTurkey
Uhlelo lokulawula ukungenisa ngogesi lwaseTurkey olusekelwe engcupheni, i-TAREKS, aluqondakali kahle ngaphandle kweqembu labathumeli abanolwazi ngemizila yaseTurkey futhi lokho kungazi kuza nezindleko. I-TAREKS iyisihlungi sengozi esisebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo esisetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuba imikhiqizo ebonakalayo ifinyelele esigabeni sokuhlolwa. Uma isicelo se-TAREKS siyimfuneko yesigaba sakho somkhiqizo futhi ungazange ufake isicelo, ukuthunyelwa kwakho kuzovinjelwa echwebeni lokungena kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amanye amadokhumenti akho ahlanzekile kangakanani.
Abangenisi kumele bafake isimemezelo se-TAREKS kusenesikhathi futhi bathole imvume noma isabelo sokuhlola esisekelwe engcupheni ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwezinto zezigaba zemikhiqizo enobungozi obukhulu njengezinto zikagesi, amathoyizi, ezinye izindwangu, izicathulo kanye nemikhiqizo yokwakha. Njengoba imithethonqubo yokungenisa iqiniswa ngasekupheleni kuka-2024 kanye no-2025-2026, i-TAREKS yandise ububanzi bayo futhi inani lezigaba ezingaphansi kokubika okuphoqelekile likhulile. Uma umthumeli wakho engazange ahlole imisebenzi yakhe ye-TAREKS ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ezedlule, kungenzeka ukuthi isebenza ngaphansi kolwazi oluphelelwe yisikhathi lwezibopho zayo zokuthobela imithetho.
Empeleni lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga ukufaka isicelo sakho se-TAREKS kanye, noma kwezinye izimo ngaphambi, kwesimemezelo sakho samasiko - hhayi ngemva kokuba isitsha sakho sifikile. Indlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi udlula kulesi sigaba ukufaka lesi sinyathelo ohlwini lwakho lokuhlola ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, bese uvumela umthengisi wakho wamasiko waseTurkey ukuthi anakekele ukuthunyelwa.
Ukungaqondi Imigomo ye-DDP vs. DDU nokuthi Ubani Onesibopho
Ngokumangazayo, ukuthunyelwa okuningi kwezimpahla phakathi kweShayina neTurkey kugcina sekunezingxabano kanye nokwehluleka kokukhishwa kwezimpahla ngoba umthengi nomthengisi abanasivumelwano esicacile nge-Incoterms, kanye nokungaqondi kahle ukuthi ubani obhekene nezindleko zentela, i-VAT, izimali zokukhishwa kwezimpahla ohlangothini lwaseTurkey. Lokho kubalulekile njengoba uhlelo lwentela yokungenisa impahla lwaseTurkey luyinkimbinkimbi, lunezintela ezingu-0-20% (kuye ngekhodi ye-HS), izinga elijwayelekile le-VAT (KDV) elingu-18-20% ngaphezu kwenani le-CIF kanye nezintela, kanti kwezinye izigaba i-Special Consumption Tax (SCT) ngaphezu kwalokho.
Ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ze-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), zonke lezi zimali, kanye nenqubo yokuhlanza amasiko, zithwalwa ngumthengisi noma umthengisi wezimpahla. Lokho kuzwakala kukuhle, kodwa lokho kungadinga ukuthi umhlinzeki wesevisi ye-DDP abe nomthengisi wezimpahla waseTurkey ofanelekayo ojwayelene kakhulu nezinhlelo zamanje zentela yaseTurkey futhi onemali yokukhokha intela egameni lakho. Uma umthengisi engenawo la makhono, isaphulelo se-DDP siba yisibopho kunokuba kube lula. Ama-container ayamiswa lapho umthengisi ethola ukuthi phakathi nokukhokha ukuthi intela kanye ne-VAT kuphakeme kunalokho abekucabanga futhi umnotho wesivumelwano uyawa.
Ukuvunyelwa kwempahla yamasiko kungumthwalo womthengi ngaphansi kwezivumelwano ze-DDU noma ze-DAP. Uma umthengi waseTurkey engenalo umthengisi onelayisensi, inombolo yentela yaseTurkey noma ulwazi ngenqubo yokungenisa, iphakheji ima echwebeni ngenkathi kwenziwa lezo zivumelwano—futhi iwashi lechweba liqhubeka nokusebenza.
Ukwehluleka Ukuphendula Imisebenzi Yokulwa Nokulahla Impahla Evela EShayina
ITurkey inenqubomgomo yokuvikela ezohwebo enamandla futhi ikhokhise intela yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla ezigabeni eziningana zemikhiqizo ezivela eShayina eminyakeni edlule. Lezi Zindleko Zokukhokhelwa Ezingeziwe (i-ACD) zikhokhiswa izimpahla ezivela eShayina futhi zingaphezu kwesilinganiso sentela esijwayelekile se-MFN. Uma abathumeli benquma izindleko zabo zokufika ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni sentela esijwayelekile futhi bengayinaki ingqimba ye-ACD, bazoba senkingeni echwebeni.
Futhi okwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu, imizamo yokugwema lezi zinto ngokuhamba ezweni lesithathu. UMnyango Wezohwebo waseTurkey ubulokhu uphenya ngenkuthalo futhi ulandela amacala okulwa nokugebenga ezigabeni eziningana zomkhiqizo, okuhlanganisa nezindwangu zefayibha zokwenziwa, lapho imvelaphi yaseShayina ifihliwe khona ngokudlula emazweni esithathu. Kwabathumeli izimpahla zabo ezivela eShayina, indlela ehlanzekile okufanele bahambe ngayo ukucaca ngemvelaphi yazo nokubala intela ngendlela efanele nganoma iyiphi i-ACD edingekayo. Amasiko aseTurkey azwela kakhulu emizamweni yokufihla imvelaphi yaseShayina, okuyingozi yokuthobela imithetho.
Ukuhlola ukuthi isimo samanje sama-oda okulwa nokulahla impahla sinjani sekhodi yakho ye-HS kanye nesigaba somkhiqizo kufanele kube yinto evamile enqubweni yakho yokuhlela ukuthunyelwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, kanye nokufaka noma iyiphi i-ACD esebenzayo kumodeli yakho yezindleko. Lawa ma-oda ayashintsha. Ayaphelelwa yisikhathi, ayakhishwa kabusha noma akhule abe kwezinye izindawo. Yilapho-ke umthengisi wezimpahla ofanelekayo onolwazi olusha ebaluleke khona.
Angisebenzi Nomlingani Wezimpahla Onolwazi, Oqondene Nomzila
Kungaba yiphutha elincane uma kuqhathaniswa namaphutha obuchwepheshe angenhla kodwa empeleni yiwona imbangela eyisisekelo yalokhu okuningi. Umzila waseShayina-Turkey unezindlela zawo zokulawula, izici zawo zamasiko aseTurkey, amaphethini awo esizini okuqina kokuhlolwa, kanye nenethiwekhi yawo yabathengisi abanelayisensi abathembekile. Umthengisi oqinile eShayina-US noma eShayina-Europe kungenzeka angabi nolwazi olujulile noma ubudlelwano bendawo bokusebenzisa lo mzila ngempumelelo.
Ukuvalwa kwentela yaseTurkey, ikakhulukazi e-Istanbul nase-Ankara, kanye nemvelo yokulawula ishintsha ngokushesha. Amanani e-FCL kulo mzila akhuphuke ngo-12% kuzo zombili izitsha ze-20GP kanye ne-40GP ekuqaleni kuka-2026 ngenxa yeziphazamiso zesifunda ikakhulukazi inkinga yaseHormuz. Ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ngendiza kukhule ngo-22% phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Esimweni esinjalo, umthengisi wezimpahla ongakwazi ukuxoxisana ngenqubo yokuhlanza ngokushesha futhi avimbele ukugcinwa ngokweqile uhlinzeka ngenzuzo eqondile yezomnotho hhayi nje isevisi.
“Abalingani abanolwazi mayelana nomzila othile bayazi ukuthi yibaphi abathengisi bezimpahla baseTurkey okufanele basebenze nabo, ukuthi bangawathumela kanjani amadokhumenti kusengaphambili ukuze banciphise amathuba okuhlolwa, ukuthi bangazihlela kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-TAREKS ngendlela efanele, nokuthi bangakhuphula kanjani ngempumelelo uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.” Izindleko zokungabi naleli khono zilinganiswa ezinsukwini zokugcina izimpahla echwebeni, izinhlawulo zokunciphisa izindleko, izimali zesijeziso kanye nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezithathwe noma ezibhujisiwe.
Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kwe-Topway Okukusiza Ngayo Ukugwema Lawa Maphutha
I-Topway Shipping iyinkampani yobungcweti yezixazululo ze-e-commerce logistics eyasungulwa ngo-2010 futhi itholakala eShenzhen, eShayina. Ithimba elisungule linolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-15 kwezokuthutha kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokususwa kwezimpahla zamasiko, futhi ukwakheka kwenkonzo yenkampani kusekelwe kulo lonke uchungechunge lwezokuthutha: ukuthuthwa kokuqala, ukugcinwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe , ukuhlanzwa kwezimpahla zamasiko, kanye nokulethwa kwempahla ngemayela lokugcina.
I-Topway inikeza imithwalo yolwandle egcwele isitsha (i-FCL) kanye nemithwalo engaphansi kwesitsha (i-LCL) esuka eShayina iya e-Istanbul (Ambarlı), eMersin nase-Izmir, kanye nezinye izikhumulo ezibalulekile emhlabeni wonke zabathumeli abasendleleni esuka eShayina kuya eTurkey. Sisebenzisa ulwazi olubanzi lwethimba mayelana nokuvunyelwa kwempahla, senza ukubuyekezwa kwamadokhumenti, siqinisekise ikhodi ye-HS futhi senze ukuhlolwa kokuthobela imithetho ngaphambi kokuba impahla yakho ithunyelwe, hhayi ngemva kokuba ifike echwebeni laseTurkey futhi isikhathi siqala ukushaya lapho igcinwa khona.
I-Topway ibheka ukuthobela imithetho yamasiko njengengxenye yomsebenzi wezokuthutha, hhayi njengesengezo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthutha ukuhlanganiswa okukodwa kwe-LCL noma ibhulokhi yeziqukathi ze-FCL. Esimweni sokulawula lapho iTurkey yenze khona izinguquko eziningi zenqubomgomo yamasiko ezinyangeni ezingu-18 ezedlule kuneminyaka emihlanu edlule ihlangene, umehluko osebenzayo phakathi kokususwa okubushelelezi kanye nesiqukathi esinamathele ukuba nomlingani olandela lezo zinguquko futhi azisebenzise ekuthunyelweni kwakho ngaphambi kokuhamba.
Ireferensi Yamanje Yezinga Lokuthumela Ukusuka EShayina Kuya ETurkey (2026)
| Imodi Yokuhambisa | Cishe. Linganisa | Isikhathi Sokuthutha | Okuhle kakhulu |
| I-FCL 20GP (Ulwandle) | Kusuka ku-$ 1,475 | 25–35 izinsuku port-to-port | Umthamo omkhulu, umthwalo osindayo |
| I-FCL 40GP (Ulwandle) | Kusuka ku-$ 2,575 | 25–35 izinsuku port-to-port | Ukuthunyelwa ngobuningi, umthamo omkhulu |
| I-LCL (Ulwandle) | ~$12/CBM | 30-40 izinsuku endlini ngendlu | Amaqoqo amancane, ama-oda okulinga |
| I-Air Freight | +22% uma kuqhathaniswa nesisekelo sika-2025 | Izinsuku ezi-5–7 kufaka phakathi amasiko | Impahla ephuthumayo, enenani eliphezulu |
| Izimpahla Zesitimela | Izinzile (ayithintwanga yiHormuz) | Izinsuku eziyi-20-23 | Ivolumu emaphakathi, izwela isikhathi |
| I-Express Courier (DDP) | Kuyahlukahluka ngesisindo/inani | Izinsuku eziyi-3-5 | Amaphasela amancane, i-e-commerce |
Isiphetho
Indlela yokuhweba phakathi kweShayina neTurkey ingenye yezindlela ezinkulu nezishintshashintshayo kwezohwebo lomhlaba wonke futhi inikeza amathuba abalulekile kubathumeli. Kodwa lawo mandla angatholakala kuphela uma uhlangothi lokuthobela imithetho luphathwa ngokunakekelwa okufanayo nohlangothi lwezentengiselwano. Izinkinga eziyisikhombisa esizixoxa ngazo kulesi sihloko - ukungahlukaniswa kahle kwekhodi ye-HS, ukungahloniphi kahle ama-invoyisi, izikhala zamadokhumenti, ukushiywa kwe-TAREKS, ukudideka kwe-Incoterms, ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla, kanye nokusebenzelana nomlingani ongalungile - akuzona izinto ezingavamile. Lokhu kuyiqiniso lansuku zonke kubathumeli abangazange balungise izinhlelo zabo ukuze zivumelane nesimo samasiko saseTurkey esishintsha ngokushesha.
Ukuqinisa imithetho eTurkey kusukela maphakathi no-2024 kukhuphule kakhulu izinga lokutheleleka. Igebe ekususweni okulula kokuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce okunenani eliphansi liyaphela. Ukuqiniswa kokuphepha komkhiqizo sekuqine kakhulu. Amashejuli entela ayashintsha. Kulesi simo, izindleko zokulungisa amasiko azikaze zibe phezulu futhi inani lobuchwepheshe alikaze libe likhulu.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma wazi ukuthi ziyini lezi zinkinga, futhi unomlingani ofanele wokusekela ukuthunyelwa kwakho, akunzima ukuzivimbela. Qala ngokuhlola izabelo zakho zekhodi ye-HS yamanje bese uqhathanisa amadokhumenti akho nezindinganiso zamanje zezigaba zakho zomkhiqizo othize. Futhi khuluma iqiniso ngokuthi umlingani wakho wezimpahla wamanje unobubanzi obuthile beTurkey ukuze axoxisane ngempumelelo ngesimo sezulu sanamuhla sokulawula. Ama-container akho azojabula.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
U: Kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukususwa kwempahla eTurkey uma kuthunyelwa kusuka eShayina?
A: Uma nje iphakheji yakho ilungiselelwe ngokucophelela ngamadokhumenti aphelele kanye namakhodi e-HS afanele, kufanele ukwazi ukusula amachweba amakhulu aseTurkey zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezi-5 zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, kuvamile ukuthi kufakwe amanye amasonto angu-1-3 uma ukuthunyelwa kwakho kukhethwa ukuze kuhlolwe ngokomzimba noma imibuzo ephathelene namadokhumenti. Kuye ngesigaba sokuhlolwa, ukuthunyelwa okuhlonzwe yi-TAREKS kungase kube nokulibaziseka.
Q: Ingabe iTurkey iwavimbele ngempela amapulatifomu e-commerce aseShayina ekuvunyelweni kwentela okulula?
A: Yebo, cishe. 1 Febhuwari 2026, iTurkey yaqeda ukusulwa kwempahla okulula kwezinto ezinenani eliphansi ezithengwe kumasayithi okuhweba nge-inthanethi aphesheya kwezilwandle. Imikhiqizo esezigabeni ezinobungozi obukhulu okuhlanganisa amathoyizi, izicathulo kanye nezimpahla zesikhumba yalahlekelwa ukufinyelela ekusulweni kwempahla okulula okuthuthwa ngeposi/ngeposi ngisho nangaphambilini, ngo-Okthoba 2024. Zonke izimpahla ezinjalo manje zidinga izinqubo ezivamile zokusulwa kwempahla, kungakhathalekile ukuthi zingakanani.
Q: Iyini i-TAREKS futhi ingabe konke ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla kusuka eShayina kuya eTurkey kudingeka kudlule kukho?
A: I-TAREKS uhlelo lokulawula ukungenisa olusekelwe engcupheni kagesi lwaseTurkey. Akuzona zonke izinto ezithunyelwayo ezidinga uhlelo lwe-TAREKS, yize izigaba eziningi zemikhiqizo elawulwayo kumele zibe khona. Isibonelo, izinto zikagesi, amathoyizi, izindwangu, izicathulo nezinto zokwakha. Umthengisi wakho wezimpahla kufanele akwazi ukuqinisekisa imithwalo yakho yemfanelo ye-TAREKS ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kuye ngekhodi yakho ye-HS kanye nesigaba somkhiqizo.
Q: Ingabe intela yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla iyasebenza kuzo zonke izimpahla zaseShayina ezingena eTurkey?
A: Ingabe imisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla (Imisebenzi Engeziwe Yentela / i-ACD) iyasebenza kuyo yonke imikhiqizo? A: Cha, imisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla (Imisebenzi Engeziwe Yentela / i-ACD) isetshenziswa kuphela ezigabeni ezithile zomkhiqizo lapho iTurkey ikhiphe khona isinqumo sokulahla izimpahla esiqinisekisiwe. Lolu hlu luzoshintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba uqedele izilinganiso zakho zezindleko, qaphela ukuthi uhlole nomthengisi wakho wentela noma umthengisi wempahla ukuze ubone ukuthi ikhodi yakho ye-HS ethile ingaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izinyathelo ze-ACD ezisebenzayo.
Q: Ingabe i-Topway Shipping ingasingatha inqubo ephelele yokulethwa kusuka eShayina kuya emnyango eTurkey?
A: Yebo. I-Topway Shipping inikeza izixazululo zezokuthutha ezisuka komunye kuya komunye okuhlanganisa ukuthuthwa kokuqala eShayina, ukuthutha olwandle lwe-FCL kanye ne-LCL, ukususwa kwezimpahla zangaphandle kanye nokulethwa kwezimpahla okuhamba ibanga elide. Ithimba lineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 yesipiliyoni sezokuthutha emhlabeni wonke selokhu kwasungulwa inkampani ngo-2010, futhi likulungele kahle ukuhamba ngobunzima bokuthobela imithetho yomzila we-China-Turkey.
