Umthetho Wokuthengwa Kwempahla WaseJalimane: Okufanele Kulindelwe Abahlinzeki BaseShayina
Isingeniso
Uma uthumela impahla usuka eShayina uye eJalimane, cishe usuqaphele ushintsho emaphepheni abathengi bakho abakuthumelela wona. Lapho i-oda lokuthenga kanye nesivumelwano sekhwalithi kwake kwenza umsebenzi, manje sekukhona uhlu lwemibuzo lwabaphakeli olunezigaba zomsebenzi wezingane namahora okusebenza, ikhodi yokuziphatha ekucela ukuthi udlulisele izidingo zayo kubaphakeli bakho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isicelo sokuvula ifektri yakho ukuze kuhlolwe umphakathi. Cishe konke lokhu kulandeleka emuva emthethweni owodwa: uMthetho Wokukhuthala Kwezokuthengwa Kwempahla waseJalimane , owaziwa ngesifinyezo sawo sesiJalimane, i-LkSG.
Lo mthetho ube yisisulu esishukumisayo. Selokhu waqala ukusebenza ngo-2023 uye wathamba, wancishiswa ephepheni, wamenyezelwa ukuthi uzoncishiswa kakhulu, futhi wabekwa njengebhuloho eliya ohlakeni olubanzi lwaseYurophu. Lokho kuholele abanye abathumeli baseShayina ekuphetheni ngokuthi ingcindezi iyaphela. Empeleni okuphambene nalokho kuvame ukuba yiqiniso. Abathengi baseJalimane bakhe izinhlelo zabo zabaphakeli ngoMthetho, lezo zinhlelo manje zifakwe ezinkontilekeni nasezinhlelweni zokuthenga, kanti umthetho wesibili, obanzi we-EU mayelana nokuqashwa ngenkani usesele cishe izinyanga eziyishumi nantathu kuphela ukuthi usetshenziswe kuwo wonke umkhiqizo ongena emakethe ye-EU.
Lo mhlahlandlela ubhalwe ohlangothini lokuthunyelwa kwempahla etafuleni, lapho imibuzo yokuthobela imithetho yabaphakeli iphenduka imibhalo yokuthunyelwa eqondile kakhulu, izinqumo zokuhambisa kanye namarekhodi empahla yokugcina impahla. Ubonisa isimo somthetho kusukela ngomhlaka-12 Novemba 2026, uchaza lokho abaphakeli baseShayina okufanele bakulindele ngempela kubathengi baseJalimane, futhi ubeka uhlelo olusebenzayo lwezinsuku ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ezizayo. Luwulwazi olujwayelekile hhayi iseluleko sezomthetho, ngakho-ke noma ubani onombuzo othize wesivumelwano noma wokulawula kufanele akhulume nomeluleki ofanelekayo.
UMthetho Wokuthengwa Kwempahla WaseJalimane Umi Kuphi ngoNovemba 2026
I-LkSG yaqala ukusebenza ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2023 ezinkampanini ezinabasebenzi okungenani abangu-3,000 eJalimane, futhi kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2024 umkhawulo wehle waba yizisebenzi eziyi-1,000. Idinga izinkampani ezimboziwe ukuthi zithole, zivimbele futhi zilungise amalungelo abantu kanye nezingozi ezithile zemvelo emisebenzini yazo kanye naphakathi kwabaphakeli bazo abaqondile, futhi zisabele lapho zizwa ngokuxhashazwa okuqhubekayo kulolu chungechunge. Ihhovisi Likahulumeni Lezindaba Zezomnotho Nokulawulwa Kokuthunyelwa Kwamanye Amazwe, elaziwa ngokuthi i-BAFA, liqondisa ukuthobela imithetho.
Kusukela ngo-2025 isimo sesiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. IKhabhinethi Yombuso ivumile isichibiyelo ngomhlaka-3 Septhemba 2025 esasizoqeda isibopho sokubika sonyaka futhi sinciphise izinhlawulo ezenzweni zokwephulwa okukhulu. I-BAFA yahamba phambili kwesishayamthetho: kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Okthoba 2025 yayeka ukubuyekeza nokwamukela imibiko yonyaka futhi yashintsha ukuqondisa kwayo ekuphulweni okukhulu. Umthethosivivinywa wokuchibiyela (iphepha eliphrintiwe le-Bundestag 21/2474) ufundwe okokuqala ngomhlaka-16 Januwari 2026 futhi, ngokusho kokuphawula okushicilelwe ngo-Okthoba 2026, wawungakamukelwa.
Intuthuko yesibili yenzeke ngomhlaka-2 Julayi 2026, lapho inhlangano ebusayo imemezela ukuthi izoguqula i-EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive, noma i-CSDDD, ibe ngumthetho waseJalimane nokuthi izonciphisa i-LkSG ibe yizinkampani ezinabasebenzi okungenani abangu-5,000 kanye nemali engenayo engaphezu kwe-€1.5 billion emhlabeni wonke kusukela ekwindla ka-2026. Ngesikhathi sokuphawula kwakamuva engikubukezile, akukho mthethosivivinywa owuhlaka osebenzisa lokho kunciphisa owawushicilelwe, ngakho-ke kufanele uphathwe njengesimemezelo sezepolitiki kunokuba ube ngumthetho wezwe.
| Usuku | Development | Isimo |
| 1 uJan 2023 | I-LkSG isebenza ezinkampanini ezinabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-3,000 eJalimane | Ngokuphoqelela |
| 1 uJan 2024 | Umkhawulo wehla uye kubasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-1,000 eJalimane | Ngokuphoqelela |
| 3 Septhemba 2025 | IKhabhinethi ivuma ukuchitshiyelwa: akukho mbiko wonyaka, izinhlawulo zokwephulwa kwemithetho okukhulu kuphela | Umthethosivivinywa usalindile ku-Bundestag |
| 1 Oct 2025 | I-BAFA iyeka ukubuyekeza imibiko yonyaka futhi igxile ekwephulweni okukhulu kwemithetho | Umkhuba wokuphoqelela |
| 16 uJan 2026 | Ukufundwa kokuqala komthethosivivinywa wokuchibiyela | Isigaba sekomidi |
| 18 Mar 2026 | I-EU Omnibus I ilungisa i-CSDDD: abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-5,000 kanye nokushintshana kwemali okungu-€1.5bn | Kusebenza ezingeni le-EU |
| 2 Julayi 2026 | I-Coalition ihlela umkhawulo we-LkSG wabasebenzi abangu-5,000 kusukela ekwindla ka-2026 | Kumenyezelwe, akukho mbhalo oshicilelwe |
| I-14 Dec 2026 | Amazwe Angamalungu e-EU kumele azise imithetho yesijeziso soMthethonqubo Wokusebenza Ngokuphoqelelwa | Ezayo |
| 26 Julayi 2027 | Isikhathi esinqunyiwe saseJalimane sokushintsha i-CSDDD | Ezayo |
| I-14 Dec 2027 | Umthetho Wokusebenza Ngenkani we-EU usebenza kuyo yonke imikhiqizo | Ezayo |
| 26 Julayi 2029 | Usuku lokufaka isicelo se-CSDDD sezinkampani ezisebenza ngaphakathi | Ezayo |
Isiphetho esisebenzayo silula. Imisebenzi eyinhloko yokucubungula i-LkSG isasebenza nanamuhla, umkhawulo omncane ofinyelela ku-€8 million noma kufika ku-2% wenzuzo yonyaka ejwayelekile yezinkampani ezinkulu awukasuswa ngokusemthethweni, futhi abathengi baseJalimane banezizathu eziningi zokugcina izinhlelo zabo zisebenza ngenkathi isimo somthetho sixazululeka.
Kungani Umthetho WaseJalimane Ufinyelela Kubahlinzeki BaseShayina
I-LkSG ayibeki izibopho efektri eDongguan noma eNingbo. Ibeka izibopho enkampanini yaseJalimane ethenga kuyo. Lowo mehluko awubalulekile kangako kunalokho okuzwakalayo, ngoba okuwukuphela kwendlela umthengi waseJalimane angabonisa ngayo ukuthi uwenze umsebenzi wakhe ukuqoqa ulwazi, nokuphoqelela amathemba, kubantu abenza izimpahla.
Abaphakeli abaqondile baphatha igagasi lokuqala
Inkampani emboziwe kumele ihlaziye ubungozi ebhizinisini layo kanye nabahlinzeki bayo abaqondile, yamukele isitatimende senqubomgomo yamalungelo abantu, ibeke izinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi ibhale phansi lokho ekwenzile. Kubahlinzeki abaqondile, izinyathelo zokuvimbela zivame ukusho ukuzibophezela kwesivumelwano kukhodi yokuziphatha yomthengi, ukuqeqeshwa noma ukwakhiwa kwamakhono lapho izingozi ziphezulu, kanye nokulawula okusekelwe engcupheni njengokuhlolwa kwamabhuku. Ngakho-ke, inkampani yomkhiqizi waseShayina noma yokuhweba ethengisa ngqo eqenjini laseJalimane izobona lo Mthetho njengephakheji yezidingo zesivumelwano nezokusebenza.
Lo Mthetho ulindele nokuthi umthengi acabangele ngendlela efanele indlela ukuziphatha kwakhe kokuthenga okubangela ngayo ingozi. Ukushintshashintsha kwevolumu ngokuzumayo, izinguquko ze-oda ngomzuzu wokugcina kanye nokucindezela kwentengo okungapheli konke kungashukumisela umhlinzeki ukuba athathe isikhathi esengeziwe ngokweqile noma ukuthengiselana okungagunyaziwe. Abahlinzeki baseShayina banelungelo lokuphakamisa lelo phuzu ezingxoxweni, futhi abathengi baseJalimane abangcono balindele ukuzwa lokho.
Isizathu sokuthi abathengi baseJalimane bathathe lokhu ngokungathi sína ukudalulwa kokuphoqelelwa komthetho. Ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuqapha efanele kungahlawuliswa, kanti umkhawulo wezinkampani ezinkulu ubekwe ku-€8 million noma kuze kufike ku-2% wenzuzo yonyaka, kanti inhlawulo enkulu ingaholela ekukhishweni ekuthengweni komphakathi isikhathi esithile. Ngisho noma ukuguqulwa okuhleliwe kunciphisa izinhlawulo ekwephulweni okukhulu, izindleko zodumo lwesigameko ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka akuyona into umthetho ongayinciphisa, yingakho amaqembu amaningi okuthenga ephatha ubufakazi bomhlinzeki njengemfuneko eqhubekayo kunokuba kube umsebenzi wesikhashana.
Abahlinzeki abangaqondile kanye nesiqalisi solwazi esiqinisekisiwe
Kwabaphakeli abaqhubeka nochungechunge, uMthetho usebenza ngendlela yokusabela. Uma inkampani yaseJalimane ithola ulwazi oluqinisekisiwe mayelana nokwephulwa okungenzeka kumhlinzeki ongaqondile, isibonelo ngombiko wezindaba othembekile, isikhalazo se-NGO noma isikhalazo sabasebenzi, kumele yenze ukuhlaziywa kwengozi, ithathe isinyathelo sokuvimbela, futhi lapho kudingeka, ithuthukise umqondo wokulungisa. Uma ungumphakeli wesigaba sokuqala eShayina, lokhu kusho ukuthi osonkontileka bakho abangaphansi, imithombo yezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinhlangano zabasebenzi kungaba yinkinga yamakhasimende akho futhi ngenxa yalokho kube yinkinga yakho.
Kungani izinto eziphathelene nokuthutha zingaphakathi kwechungechunge
Lo Mthetho uchaza uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka njengesinyathelo ngasinye, eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe, esidingekayo ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo noma ukuhlinzeka ngensizakalo, kusukela ekukhishweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuya ekulethweni kuya kumakhasimende okugcina. Ukuthutha kanye nokugcina impahla kuyingxenye yaleyo ncazelo. Inkampani yamaloli ethutha izingxenye phakathi kwamafektri, indawo yokugcina impahla eShenzhen, isikhumulo sezindiza kanye nenkampani yokugcina impahla eYurophu konke kuyizixhumanisi kulolu chungechunge okulindeleke ukuthi umthengi waseJalimane aziqonde, noma ngabe ukujula kokuhlola kuyahlukahluka ngokwengozi.
Lokho Abathengi baseJalimane Abangase Bakubuze Abahlinzeki BaseShayina
Izicelo ziyahlukahluka enkampanini ngayinye, kodwa iphethini iyafana ngokwanele ukulungiselela. Amaqembu amaningi aseJalimane alandela indlela yawo: kuqala uhlu lwemibuzo, okwesibili ukuzibophezela kwenkontileka, okwesithathu ukuhlolwa okusekelwe engozini, kanye nenqubo yokulungisa noma nini lapho kutholakala okuthile. Ukuqonda ukulandelana kukusiza ukuthi uphendule kanye, kahle, kunokuba uphendule ngokuphindaphindiwe nangokungaguquguquki.
Imibuzo kanye nokuzihlola
Uhlu lwemibuzo luyindawo yokuqala futhi ngokuvamile luyisihlungi sokuqala. Lindela imibuzo mayelana nenani labasebenzi, isabelo sabasebenzi bokufuduka noma be-ejensi, amahora okusebenza aphakathi nendawo kanye naphezulu, imikhuba yomholo kanye nomshwalense wezenhlalo, ukuhlolwa kweminyaka yokusebenza okungenani, izinhlelo zokuphepha emsebenzini, izimvume zemvelo kanye namagama ezinkampani zakho ezinkulu. Uhlu lwemibuzo oluphendulwa ngokunganaki lungenza umonakalo omkhulu kunoluphendulwa kancane, ngoba izimpendulo ezingahambisani phakathi kwabathengi zimema ukuhlolwa okulandelayo.
Imithetho yokuziphatha kanye nezigaba zenkontileka
Izinguquko zenkontileka zivame ukufika njengekhodi yokuziphatha yomhlinzeki ebuyekeziwe noma isithasiselo esivumelwaneni sokuthenga. Bheka ngokucophelela amalungelo okufinyelela ekuhlolweni, izibopho zokudlulisela ikhodi kubaphakeli bakho, imisebenzi yesaziso uma uthola ukwephulwa, kanye namalungelo okuqeda uma wehluleka ukulungisa. Lezi zigaba zingaxoxiswana ngazo, ikakhulukazi ngokuvama kokuhlolwa, ukugcinwa kwemfihlo kwedatha yesisebenzi kanye nokufaneleka kokwabiwa kwezindleko, kodwa udinga isikhundla ngaphambi kokuthi usayine kunokuba ngemva kwengxabano yokuqala.
Ukuhlolwa kwezenhlalo kanye nokuhlolwa kwasendaweni
Abahlinzeki abasengozini enkulu bazohlolwa, kungaba yithimba lomthengi noma yiqembu lesithathu eligunyaziwe. Abacwaningi bahlola izinkontileka, amarekhodi okukhokha kanye nesikhathi, amafayela okuqinisekisa ubudala, amadokhumenti okuphepha komlilo kanye nogesi kanye nokuphathwa kwamakhemikhali, futhi baxoxisana nabasebenzi kude nabaphathi. Ukuhlolwa ngokwako akuvamile ukuba yinkinga. Ubuthakathaka obuvamile ukuthi amarekhodi akhona ngezindlela ezahlukene kuyo yonke iminyango futhi awakwazi ukukhiqizwa ngokushesha.
Ukufinyelela kanye nokulungiswa kwezikhalazo
Abathengi bafuna isiqinisekiso sokuthi abasebenzi esizeni sakho bangaphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngaphandle kokuziphindiselela. Bazobuza ukuthi ikhona yini isiteshi sezikhalazo, ukuthi abasebenzi bafunda kanjani ngaso, ukuthi ubani ophatha imibiko nokuthi imiphumela ibhalwa kanjani. Uma ukuhlolwa kuthola igebe, uzocelwa uhlelo lokulungisa olunabanikazi abaqanjwe ngamagama kanye nezinsuku zokugcina, bese kuba nobufakazi bokuthi ukulungiswa kwasetshenziswa ngempela.
Ubani okhokhela ukuthobela imithetho
Ukwabiwa kwezindleko ngumbuzo abaphakeli abawuphakamisa kaningi futhi abazisola kakhulu. Abanye abathengi baxhasa ukuhlolwa nokuqeqeshwa kwabaphakeli abanolwazi, abanye badlulisa izindleko eziphelele, kanti abaningi bashiya zingaxazululwanga kuze kube yilapho kuvela i-invoyisi. Buza kusenesikhathi ukuthi umthengi uzokwamukela ukuhlolwa okuqashelwayo okukhona esikhundleni sokugunyaza okusha, ukuthi ngabe izindleko zokulungisa ziyabiwa yini lapho izinguquko zokubikezela zomthengi ngokwakhe zinegalelo ekutholakaleni, nokuthi ubani ongumnikazi wombiko wokuhlolwa. Umphakeli osevele etshale imali ekuhlolweni okuthembekile angavame ukugwema ukuhlolwa kathathu ngonyaka ngamakhasimende amathathu ahlukene.
| Isicelo somthengi | Lokho okuvame ukuqukethe | Lokho umhlinzeki olungiselelwe akuphethe |
| Uhlu lwemibuzo lomhlinzeki | Imininingwane yabasebenzi, amahora okusebenza, amaholo, ukubhalisela inkontileka encane, izitifiketi | Impendulo eyodwa ebukeziwe esekelwa yirekhodi lomholo kanye nesikhathi |
| Imithetho yokuziphatha noma isigaba senkontileka | Imikhuba engavunyelwe, umsebenzi we-cascade, ukufinyelela ekuhlolweni, ukulungisa kanye nemigomo yokuqeda | Ukubuyekezwa kwezomthetho, inqubomgomo yangaphakathi ehambisanayo kanye nerejista yabahlinzeki abangaphansi |
| Ukuhlolwa kwezenhlalo | Ukubuyekezwa kwedokhumenti, ukuhlolwa kwendawo, izingxoxo zabasebenzi | Amafayela alungele ukuhlolwa: ukuhlolwa kweminyaka, izinkontileka, ukuphepha, amarekhodi esikhathi esengeziwe kanye nekhefu |
| Indlela yokukhalaza | Ubufakazi bokuthi abasebenzi bangabika ukukhathazeka ngokuphephile | Isiteshi esibhalwe phansi, ukuxhumana nabasebenzi kanye nerekhodi lamacala |
| Uhlelo lokusebenza lokulungisa | Izenzo, abanikazi, izinsuku zokugcina kanye nobufakazi bokuvalwa | Irejista yezenzo ezilandelelwe enobufakazi obunesikhathi |
| Ukuthunyelwa kanye nokulandelelwa kwemvelaphi | Yisiphi isitshalo esikhiqize indawo nokuthi sathutha kanjani | Amagama ezinhlangano ahambisanayo kanye nezinkomba zezindawo kuwo wonke amadokhumenti okuthumela |
Okunye ukuthuthukiswa kusebenza ngendlela evuna umhlinzeki. Ukuphawula kwenkampani yabameli ngohlaka lwe-CSDDD olubuyekeziwe kuphawula ukuthi izinkampani kulindeleke ukuthi zicele ulwazi kubalingani bebhizinisi abanabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-5,000 kuphela uma lungatholakali ngendlela efanele ngezinye izindlela. Uma leyo ndlela ifana nomkhuba waseJalimane, abahlinzeki baseShayina abancane nabaphakathi kufanele babone izicelo ezimbalwa zedatha eziphindaphindwayo nezivulekile, uma nje bengakhomba abathengi emthonjeni omuhle okhona njengombiko wokuhlola owaziwayo noma iphrofayili yesikhulumi esabiwe.
Izindawo Eziyingozi Ezihlolwa Kakhulu
I-LkSG ivikela uhlu oluchaziwe lwezikhundla zamalungelo abantu kanye nezivumelwano ezintathu zemvelo. Lokho kufaka phakathi ukwenqatshelwa kokusebenza kwezingane kanye nezinhlobo zakho ezimbi kakhulu, umsebenzi ophoqelelwe kanye nobugqila, ukunganakwa kwempilo nokuphepha emsebenzini, ukunganakwa kwenkululeko yokuhlangana, ukuphathwa ngokungalingani emsebenzini, ukugodlwa komholo ofanele wokuphila, ukungcola kwenhlabathi, amanzi noma umoya okulimazayo, ukuxoshwa ngokungemthetho kanye nokuthunjwa komhlaba, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasosha okuphepha ngezindlela ezibangela ukulimala. Uhlangothi lwezemvelo luhlanganisa i-mercury ngaphansi kweSivumelwano saseMinamata, ukungcola okungapheli kwezinto eziphilayo ngaphansi kweSivumelwano saseStockholm kanye nemfucuza eyingozi ngaphansi kweSivumelwano saseBasel.
| Indawo enobungozi | Amafulegi abomvu ajwayelekile ezinkambisweni zokuhlinzeka ezivela eShayina | Inani labathengi bobufakazi |
| Umsebenzi ophoqelelwe | Imali yokuqasha, amadokhumenti omazisi agciniwe, izinhlelo zokudluliselwa kwabasebenzi, imvelaphi yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingacacile | Inqubomgomo yokuqasha yamahhala, amarekhodi okuqasha aqondile, ukulandelelwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kusukela ekuqaleni |
| Ukuqashwa kwezingane kanye nezisebenzi ezisencane | Ukuqinisekiswa kweminyaka ebuthakathaka, abafundi abaqeqeshwayo ngaphandle kwemingcele esemthethweni, abasebenzi be-ejensi | Inqubo yokuhlola ubudala, izivumelwano zabafundi abaqeqeshwayo, amalungelo okuhlolwa kwe-ejensi |
| Amahora okusebenza kanye namaholo | Isikhathi esengeziwe sesizini esiphezulu singaphezu kwemingcele esemthethweni, isikhathi esengeziwe esingakhokhelwa, ukumbozwa komshuwalense womphakathi okungacacile | Amarekhodi esikhathi ahambisana nomholo, ukuvunyelwa kwesikhathi esengeziwe, ubufakazi bomshuwalense womphakathi |
| Ukuphepha emsebenzini | Izindlela zokuphuma ezivinjiwe, amakhemikhali angalawulwa, uthuli noma izikhala zokuvikela umshini | Izitifiketi zokuphepha emlilweni, isitokwe samakhemikhali, izingodo zokuqeqesha, amarejista ezigameko |
| Inkululeko yokuzihlanganisa | Ayikho indlela yezwi yesisebenzi ethembekile | Inqubo yokubonisana yekomidi labasebenzi elisebenzayo, amaminithi, izinhlu zezikhalazo |
| Imithethonqubo yezemvelo | I-mercury, ukungcola okuqhubekayo noma imfucuza eyingozi ezintweni ezifakwayo noma emifudlaneni yemfucuza | Izimvume zemvelo, izinkontileka zokuphatha imfucuza, izimemezelo zezidakamizwa ezinqunyelwe |
Ukuphoqelelwa kwabasebenzi yilapho ukuhlolisiswa kubukhali khona futhi lapho isimo sezomthetho sihamba ngokushesha. Abalawuli kanye nezinhlangano ezizimele baye badonsela ukunaka okukhethekile ezifundeni ezithile kanye nasemikhakha efana nokotini nezindwangu, izingxenye zelanga, i-aluminium kanye nokufakwa kwe-elekthronikhi, futhi abathengi baseJalimane bayazi ukuthi umbiko owodwa omubi wezindaba mayelana nomthombo ongaphansi kwesigaba ungabangela umsebenzi wolwazi oqinisekisiwe ochazwe ngaphambilini. Abahlinzeki abangalandelela ukufakwa okubalulekile emuva endaweni abasuka kuyo, futhi abangabonisa ukuthi bahlola izinhlangano zabasebenzi, basesimweni esinamandla kakhulu kunalabo abangasho nje ukuthi umthengisi wabo oqondile unikeze iziqinisekiso.
Amahora okusebenza kanye nokuphepha emsebenzini yizinto ezitholwe kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwamabhuku, futhi nazo zingalungiswa kakhulu. Isikhathi esengeziwe esiningi ngokuvamile siyinkinga yokuhlela kunokuba inkinga yamanani, yingakho ukuziphatha kokubikezela komthengi kuba yingxenye yengxoxo. Ukuphepha komlilo, ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nezikhala zokuvikela imishini ngokuvamile kuvalwe phakathi namasonto uma ifektri inohlu lwezenzo olucacile kanye nokunakwa kwabaphathi.
Inkululeko yokuhlangana yisihloko lapho okulindelwe yiJalimane kanye namaqiniso eShayina kuhluka khona kakhulu. Abathengi ngokuvamile bayakwamukela ukuthi abahlinzeki kumele basebenze ngaphakathi komthetho waseShayina, futhi bavame ukugxila ekutheni abasebenzi banendlela yangempela nevikelekile yokuveza ukukhathazeka, kungaba ngekomidi labasebenzi, ukubonisana njalo noma umzila osebenzayo wezikhalazo. Umhlinzeki oxoxa ngombuzo obala futhi abhale phansi lokho akwenzayo ngokuvamile uzophathwa kangcono kunomuntu okugwemayo.
Ngasohlangothini lwezemvelo, le mihlangano emithathu ibaluleke kakhulu ngamabhethri, ama-elekthronikhi, amakhemikhali, izindwangu ezidaywe kanye nokuqedwa kwensimbi. Izimvume ezibhaliwe, izinkontileka zokuthutha imfucuza kanye nezimemezelo zezidakamizwa ezinqunyelwe ziphendula imibuzo eminingi yabathengi, futhi yilokho iziphathimandla zamasiko kanye nokuqapha imakethe eYurophu ezikucelayo lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle.
Ukufunda Izinguquko Kahle: Imingcele Iyashintsha, Ingcindezi Ayishintshi
Izinkampani ezimbalwa zizoboshwa ngqo
Uma ukuncishiswa okumenyezelwe kwezinkampani ezinabasebenzi okungenani abangu-5,000 kanye nemali engenayo engaphezu kuka-€1.5 billion iba ngumthetho, inani elikhulu labangenisi baseJalimane abaphakathi nendawo abahlanganiswa namuhla lizophela. Kumhlinzeki waseShayina onamakhasimende amaningi ayizinkampani zaseJalimane eziphakathi nendawo, lokho kungaholela ekuthwaleni umthwalo osemthethweni ophansi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi kunengqondo ukuhlela izicelo ezimbalwa zokuhlolwa ezivela kuleyo ngxenye.
I-cascade isivele yakhiwe
Kunezizathu ezintathu zokungaphumuli. Okokuqala, amaqembu amakhulu aseJalimane ahlala ekhona ngaphansi kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuguqulwa, futhi ngokuvamile amelela ubudlelwano obukhulu nobamasu kakhulu bokuthenga. Okwesibili, imithetho yokuziphatha yabaphakeli, izigaba zenkontileka kanye namapulatifomu okubhalisa asevele eqalisiwe, futhi izinkampani azivamile ukudiliza izinhlelo ezizikhokhele ukuzakha. Okwesithathu, abathengi abaningi banezizathu zabo zodumo kanye nezezimali zokugcina ukucophelela okufanele kusendaweni kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthetho udingani.
Izikhathi zesikhathi ezahlukene, indlela efanayo
IJalimane kumele ishintshe i-CSDDD ngaphambi komhla zingama-26 kuNtulikazi 2027, futhi lesi siqondiso ngokwaso sisebenza ezinkampanini ezisebenza ngaphakathi kusukela ngomhla zingama-26 kuNtulikazi 2029 ngemuva kokushintsha kwe-Omnibus. Phakathi kwamanje nesikhathi, lindela isikhathi lapho i-LkSG iqhubeka njengomthetho webhuloho kanye nezinkampani zaseJalimane ezizivumelanisa nohlaka oluncane kodwa olwakhelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwengozi, ekuvimbeleni, ekulungiseni nasekuphatheni izikhalazo. Kubahlinzeki, lokho kusho ukuthi ingqikithi yalokho abathengi abakucelayo cishe ngeke inyamalale ngisho noma ilebula elisemthethweni lishintsha.
Kukhona futhi ingozi yokuguquka okufanele iqanjwe. Kuze kube yilapho umthetho we-LkSG oncishisiwe noma umthetho kazwelonke we-CSDD usuwamukelwe, abathengi ngeke bazi ukuthi bazoboshwa yiphi inguqulo yemithetho, futhi amaqembu aqaphile okuthobela imithetho avame ukugcina ukucabanga okuqinile. Abahlinzeki abalinda ukuqiniseka ngaphambi kokulungiselela bangase bazithole bephendula izicelo eziningi ngezikhathi ezimfushane ngo-2027, njengoba nje abathengi beqeda izinhlelo zabo.
Umthethonqubo Wezisebenzi Eziphoqelelwe we-EU: Isikhathi Esinqunyiwe Esikhulu Sabathumeli Bamanye Amazwe
Kwabathumeli bamazwe baseShayina, usuku olubaluleke kakhulu eminyakeni emibili ezayo kungenzeka kungabi usuku lwe-LkSG nhlobo. Umthethonqubo (EU) 2024/3015 uyakwenqabela ukubeka emakethe ye-EU, ukwenza kutholakale kuyo, noma ukuthumela ngaphandle kwayo noma yimuphi umkhiqizo owenziwe ngokuphoqelelwa. Usebenza kusukela mhla ziyi-14 kuZibandlela 2027, futhi ngokungafani ne-LkSG ayinawo umkhawulo wabasebenzi noma wokushintshana, ayinamkhawulo womkhakha futhi ayinakukhululwa ezweni elivela kulo. Amazwe Angamalungu kumele azise iKhomishini ngezinhlaka zawo zesijeziso ngaphambi komhla ziyi-14 kuZibandlela 2026, futhi iKhomishini yashicilela iziqondiso zayo zokuqalisa ukusebenza ngasekupheleni kukaJuni 2026.
Lo Mthetho awudali umsebenzi wokuhlola ozimele wodwa, kodwa iziqondiso zikwenza kucace ukuthi inkampani enokuhlolisisa okuqinile izoba sesimweni esingcono kakhulu lapho iziphathimandla zivula uphenyo. Iziphathimandla zingase zithembele ekuhlanganisweni kobufakazi obungaqondile obuthembekile, okuhlanganisa imibiko yomphakathi kanye nedatha yamasiko kanye nokuhweba, futhi akudingeki ukuthi zifakazele ukwephulwa kwendinganiso yomthetho wobugebengu. Ukuvinjelwa kufinyelela nasezimpahleni ezikhiqizwe noma ezingeniswe ngaphambi kosuku lokufaka isicelo kodwa zisagcinwe ezindlini zokugcina impahla noma eziteshini zokusabalalisa ngemva kwalokho, ngakho-ke akukho ukuhlanganiswa kwesitoko esikhona.
Ngokombono wezokuthutha, iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi iziphathimandla zamasiko zizokwazi ukumisa ukukhishwa kwemikhiqizo okuphenywa ngayo. Ukuthunyelwa okubanjwe echwebeni laseYurophu kudala izindleko zokugcina kanye nokunciphisa izindleko, kubambezele ukuthengiswa kwesizini futhi kungamisa imali yokusebenza isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe noma yisiphi isinqumo sokugcina. Abathumeli abangaphandle abanganikeza amadokhumenti aqondile avela kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngokushesha bazokwazi ukunciphisa lowo monakalo.
| Isici | I-LkSG (eJalimane) | I-CSDDD (i-EU, ngemuva kwe-Omnibus I) | Umthetho Wokusebenza Okuphoqelelwe (i-EU) |
| Ubani oboshiwe | Izinkampani ezinezisebenzi ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 eJalimane namuhla; Kuhlelwe ukuthi kube nezinkampani ezingu-5,000 | Izinkampani ezinabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-5,000 kanye no-€1.5bn+ wokushintshana | Bonke abaqhubi bezomnotho, akukho mkhawulo wosayizi |
| Indlela yokusebenza eyinhloko | Ukuhlaziywa kwengozi, ukuvimbela, ukulungisa, izikhalazo, imibhalo | Ukuhlolisisa okusekelwe engcupheni ochungechungeni lwemisebenzi | Ukuvinjelwa kwemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe, kanye nophenyo kanye nezinyathelo zokukhokha intela |
| Ingcindezi kubahlinzeki baseShayina | Izinkontileka, imibuzo, ukuhlolwa kwezimali ngomthengi waseJalimane | Kuyafana, ngenani elincane labathengi kanye nemikhawulo ezicelweni zolwazi | Ingozi eqondile ezimpahleni emngceleni we-EU, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usayizi wekhasimende ungakanani |
| Izinsuku ezibalulekile | Kusebenza kusukela ngo-2023; kusalindelwe ukuguqulwa | Ukuguqulwa ngaphambi komhla zingama-26 kuJulayi 2027; isicelo kusukela ngomhla zingama-26 kuJulayi 2029 | Kusebenza kusukela ngomhlaka-14 Disemba 2027 |
Lapho Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Kuhlangabezana Nokuhambisana Nohlelo Lokunikezwa Kwempahla
Ukuhlolisisa uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kuvame ukuxoxwa ngakho njengesihloko sezinsizakusebenza zabantu kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla, kodwa ubufakazi obufakazela ukuthi buhlala kakhulu kumarekhodi okuthumela impahla kanye namarekhodi entela. Lapho umthengi noma igunya libuza ukuthi iyiphi ifektri eyenze umkhiqizo, ukuthi wasuka nini eShayina nokuthi wahamba ngayiphi indlela, izimpendulo zivela kumadokhumenti umthumeli wakho asiza ukuwalungiselela.
Ubufakazi bezinga lokuthunyelwa
Amarekhodi awusizo kakhulu yilawo ahlala ehambisana kusukela esangweni lefektri kuya endaweni yokugcina impahla yomthengi. Ama-invoyisi ezentengiselwano, uhlu lokupakisha, ama-bill of lading, izitifiketi zemvelaphi, izimemezelo zentela kanye nezinombolo zesitsha kanye nophawu kufanele konke kuchaze umthumeli ofanayo, inhlangano efanayo ekhiqizayo kanye nezimpahla ezifanayo. Amagama ezinkampani angalingani, amagama ezinkampani zokuhweba athatha indawo yamagama efektri, noma izincazelo zomkhiqizo ezingacacile yizona kanye ezibangela imibuzo yokulandelela emasikweni nasekuhlolweni kwabathengi.
| Idokhumenti | Indima ebufakazini bokuthobela imithetho | Ngokuvamile kuphethwe yi- |
| I-invoyisi yezohwebo nohlu lokupakisha | Ixhumanisa izimpahla, ubuningi kanye nebhizinisi lokukhiqiza nokuthengiswa | Umhlinzeki kanye nomthumeli |
| I-Bill of lading noma i-airwaybill | Ifakazela umzila, izinsuku kanye nokuphathwa kwenkampani yenethiwekhi | Umthwali kanye nomthumeli |
| Isitifiketi semvelaphi | Isekela izimangalo mayelana nokuthi izimpahla zenziwa kuphi | Umhlinzeki kanye nomzimba okhiphayo |
| Idatha yesimemezelo samasiko | Ibonisa ukuhlukaniswa, inani kanye nomsuka omenyezelwe | Customs broker |
| Amarekhodi okwamukela nokukhulula ezitolo | Ibonisa ukuhlukaniswa, ukuphathwa kanye nesikhathi sokuhlala | Umsebenzisi we-warehouse |
| Izimemezelo zabahlinzeki kanye nemibiko yokuhlolwa kwezimali | Sekela ukuhlolwa kwengozi yendawo yokukhiqiza | Umhlinzeki nomthengi |
Ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokugcinwa kwempahla
Ukuthunyelwa kwemithwalo engaphansi kwesitsha kuyasebenza kahle, kodwa kuhlanganisa imithwalo evela kubathumeli abaningi esitsheni esisodwa. Lokho kuyavumelana ngokuphelele, inqobo nje uma ukuthunyelwa ngakunye kuxhumene nemibhalo yaso futhi isitolo singabonisa ukuthi yini efikile, yini ephumile nokuthi nini. Lapho imithwalo igcinwa khona amasonto ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, njengoba kuzovame ukwenzeka uma ukuvinjelwa kwabasebenzi okuphoqelelwe kuqala ukusebenza esitokweni esikhona, amarekhodi esikhathi esihlala kanye nokuhlonza indawo ecacile kuba yingxenye yefayela lobufakazi.
Ukukhetha umuntu othumela phambili kuyisinqumo esiyingozi
Osonkontileka abangaphansi bomthumeli, njengabathuthi bamaloli, iziteshi zokuthutha izitsha kanye nabaphathi bezindawo zokugcina impahla, bayingxenye yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngempahla lwamakhasimende akho, futhi abathengi abahle baqala ukubuza ukuthi bangobani. Buza umthumeli wakho ukuthi angakwazi yini ukuchaza ukuhanjiswa kwawo kanye nokunikezwa kwenkontileka, ukuthi ngabe ugcina idatha yokuthunyelwa ngendlela ongayithumela kumthengi noma kumphathi, nokuthi ngabe izokusiza yini ukuphendula umbuzo wentela kunokuthi ikushiye wedwa.
I-Incoterms kanye nokulawula idatha yokuthunyelwa
Imigomo yokuhweba oyithengisayo inquma ukuthi ubani olawula ifayela lokuthumela. Ngaphansi kwe-EXW noma i-FOB, umthengi noma umthumeli wakhe oqokiwe uvame ukubhuka inqola eyinhloko, okusho ukuthi umhlinzeki angase angalokothi abone ibhili lokugcina lokulayisha noma imininingwane yomzila ikhasimende laseJalimane elizoyisho kamuva kumarekhodi alo. Ngaphansi kwe-CIF noma i-DAP, umhlinzeki noma umthumeli wakhe ugcina idatha eyengeziwe. Akukho lungiselelo elingalungile, kodwa abahlinzeki kufanele bavumelane kusengaphambili ukuthi ngubani ozogcina isethi ephelele yedokhumenti, ukuthi izogcinwa isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi izokwabelwana kanjani lapho umthengi, ihhovisi lentela noma umhloli wezincwadi ecela lokho. Ukushiya lowo mbuzo uvulekile ukuthi abathumeli bangaphandle bagcina kanjani bengakwazi ukufakazela into eyiqiniso ngokuphelele.
Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kwe-Topway Okubasekela Ngayo Abahlinzeki BaseShayina Abathumela EJalimane Nase-EU
I-Topway Shipping , enendlunkulu eShenzhen, ihlinzeke ngezixazululo ze-e-commerce logistics ezivela kwamanye amazwe kusukela ngo-2010. Ithimba layo elisungule liletha ulwazi lweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 kwezokuthutha kwamanye amazwe kanye nokususwa kwezimpahla zangaphandle, ligxile kakhulu kwezokuthutha zaseShayina nase-US, nokuthi ulwazi mayelana nemizila yokuhweba enzima luhlobene ngqo nezidingo zobufakazi ezivele manje ohlangothini lwe-EU.
Ububanzi besevisi buhlanganisa lonke uchungechunge lwezokuthutha: ezokuthutha ezihamba phambili, izindawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya kwezilwandle, ukususwa kwempahla yamasiko kanye nokulethwa okuhamba ibanga lokugcina, kanye nomthwalo oguquguqukayo wolwandle othwala isitsha esigcwele kanye nomthwalo ongaphansi kwesitsha othwala imithwalo esuka eShayina eya emachwebeni amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Uma lezo zinyathelo zihlanganiswa ngumhlinzeki oyedwa, kuba nokudluliselwa okuncane lapho amarekhodi angalahleka khona kanye namathuba ambalwa okuba igama lomthumeli noma incazelo yomkhiqizo ishintshe phakathi nohambo.
Empeleni, usizo i-Topway Shipping engalunikeza abahlinzeki baseShayina luyinto ecacile. Ingaluleka ngokuthi i-oda elinikeziwe lingcono yini ngokubhukha kwe-FCL, okunikeza umkhondo womthumeli oyedwa kusukela ekulayisheni kuya ekukhishweni, noma ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-LCL, okushibhile ngamanani amancane kodwa kudinga amadokhumenti acophelelayo ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye. Ingasiza ekugcineni ama-invoyisi, uhlu lokupakisha kanye nezikweletu zemithwalo zihambisana, isekele izimemezelo ezinembile zamasiko, futhi inikeze amarekhodi okugcina impahla abonisa ukuthi impahla yamukelwe, yagcinwa futhi yakhululwa kanjani. Lapho umthengi waseJalimane ecela ulwazi lwezokuthutha njengengxenye yokubuyekezwa kokuhlolisisa, umthumeli ovele ehlela idatha yakhe ngale ndlela angaphendula ezinsukwini hhayi emavikini.
Kuhle ukucacisa ngemingcele. I-Topway Shipping ingumhlinzeki wezokuthutha, hhayi inkampani yabameli noma inhlangano yokuhlola. Ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa izimo zomsebenzi efektri yakho, futhi ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kuzosula amasiko uma kuphenywa. Lokho engakwenza ukwenza ungqimba lwezokuthutha lweketanga lakho lokuhlinzeka lube sobala futhi lubhalwe kahle, ukuze umsebenzi wokuthobela imithetho owenzayo efektri ungaphazanyiswa yizikhala efayeleni lokuthumela. Abaphakeli abahlela ukuthunyelwa okusha kwaseJalimane noma kwe-EU bangaxhumana ne-Topway Shipping ukuze baxoxe ngomzila, izinketho zeziqukathi kanye nezidingo zemibhalo ngaphambi kwesizini elandelayo ephezulu.
Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwezinsuku Ezingamashumi Ayisishiyagalolunye Olusebenzayo Lwabahlinzeki BaseShayina
Izinsuku 1 kuya ku-30: Imephu bese uqondanisa
Qala ngokufaka ohlwini amakhasimende akho aseJalimane nawabanzi e-EU bese uthola ukuthi yimaphi kuwo ambozwe yi-LkSG namuhla, okungenzeka ukuthi azohlala embozwe ngemva kokuguqulwa futhi yimaphi anesithakazelo esikhulu emithethweni yabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe. Bese uhlela uchungechunge lwakho lokuhlinzeka, uqambe amagama abahlinzeki ababalulekile, imithombo yezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinhlangano zabasebenzi, bese ukhomba okufakiwe okubili noma okuthathu okunengozi enkulu. Okokugcina, qoqa yonke imithetho yokuziphatha kanye nemibuzo oyisayinile ukuze ubone ukuthi izibopho zakho zihlangana kuphi noma zingqubuzana kuphi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi amagama ezinkampani, amakheli kanye nezincazelo zomkhiqizo kusetshenziswa njalo ezinkontilekeni, kuma-invoyisi kanye namadokhumenti okuthumela. Lona umsebenzi ongathandeki, kodwa ngokuvamile kuyindlela eshibhile yokuvimbela ukubambezeleka kamuva.
Izinsuku 31 kuya ku-60: Yakha ifayela lobufakazi
Lungisa impendulo eyodwa yemibuzo eyinhloko ebuyekezwa yimisebenzi, izinsizakusebenza zabantu kanye nezomthetho, bese uyigcina isesimweni samanje. Qoqa amarekhodi umhloli wezincwadi angawacela kuqala, okuhlanganisa ukuqinisekiswa kweminyaka, izinkontileka, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhathi kanye nomholo, izitifiketi zokuphepha, uhlu lwamakhemikhali kanye nezimvume. Setha noma uvuselele isiteshi sezikhalazo zabasebenzi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi abasebenzi bayazi ngempela ngaso, njengoba isiteshi esingasetshenziswanga siwukuthola okusobala kokuhlolwa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, khuluma nomthumeli wakho ngemininingwane yokuthunyelwa okuzodinga ukuyikhiqiza uma uyicela, okuhlanganisa ukuthi amarekhodi agcinwa isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi angathunyelwa ngokushesha kangakanani.
Izinsuku 61 kuya ku-90: Hlola futhi uhlanganyele
Yenza ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kokulingisa usebenzisa uhlu lokuhlola olwakhiwe ezindaweni eziyingozi kulesi sihloko, ubhale phansi okutholakele bese unikeza abanikazi kanye nezinsuku zokugcina kuzo zonke izikhala. Bese uvula ingxoxo nomthengi wakho obaluleke kakhulu waseJalimane. Buza ukuthi basebenza ngaphansi kwaluphi uhlaka, yiluphi ulwazi abazolwamukela ekuhlolweni okukhona, nokuthi bahlela kanjani ukuphatha ushintsho olumenyezelwe. Abathengi ngokuvamile baphendula kahle kubaphakeli abafika nefayela lobufakazi elihlelekile kanye nemibuzo ethile.
Qedela ikota ngokubukeza ukuhlelwa kwempahla ezobe isesezindlini zokugcina impahla zaseYurophu ngoDisemba 2027, ngoba ukuvinjelwa kwabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe kuzosebenza nakubo. Uhlelo olucacile lwempahla elandelekayo kulula kakhulu ukuyakha manje kunangesikhathi sophenyo lwentela.
Amaphutha Avamile Okufanele Uwagweme
Iphutha lokuqala nelivame kakhulu ukuphatha ushintsho njengophawu lokuyeka. Umkhawulo omncane noma ukususwa kombiko wonyaka kushintsha ukuthi ubani oboshiwe ngokomthetho nokuthi yini okumele bayifake, kodwa akushintshi lokho abathengi abakhulu abafuna ukukwazi ngefektri yakho, futhi akukuthinti nhlobo ukuvinjelwa kwabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe.
Okwesibili ukuphendula umthengi ngamunye ngokwehlukana nangokuhlukile. Izibalo ezingaguquki emahoreni okusebenza noma ukuthengiselana ngaphansi kwezinkampani eziphendula imibuzo kulula kumthengi oqaphile ukuzibona futhi kunzima ukuzichaza kamuva. Isethi yedatha eyodwa, ebuyekezwa njalo, iyakugwema lokhu.
Iphutha lesithathu ukuthembela ezinqubweni zephepha ngaphandle kobufakazi bokusebenza. Ikhodi yokuziphatha odongeni ayibalulekanga kangako uma amarekhodi esikhathi ekhombisa isikhathi esengeziwe esivamile ngaphezu komkhawulo osemthethweni. Abahloli bamabhuku kanye nezikhulu zentela ngokufanayo baqeqeshwe ukubheka igebe phakathi kwalokho okubhaliwe nalokho okuqoshiwe.
Okokugcina, abahlinzeki abaningi ababanaki abahlinzeki babo bezokuthutha lapho bakha indaba yabo yokuthobela imithetho. Umthengisi wakho wezimpahla, i-warehouse kanye nomthengisi wezimpahla zasekhaya baphatha amadokhumenti afakazela ukuthi izimpahla zivelaphi nokuthi zithunyelwa kanjani, ngakho-ke ukuxhumana okubuthakathaka lapho kungalungisa umsebenzi oqaphile kwenye indawo. Baphathe njengengxenye yochungechunge lwakho lokunikezela, bese ukhetha abalingani abangachaza lokho abakwenzayo futhi bakubonise amarekhodi.
Isiphetho
UMthetho Wezokuthengwa Kwempahla waseJalimane uyashintshwa, awususwa. Umsebenzi wokubika waminyaka yonke usuhambile ngempumelelo, kulindeleke ukuthi ububanzi bube yizinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu, kanti uhlaka lwe-EU oluzogcina luthathe indawo yalo luhamba kancane futhi luncane kunalokho obekuhleliwe ekuqaleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umqondo oyinhloko wokuhlaziywa kwengozi, ukubandakanyeka kwabahlinzeki, ukulungiswa kanye nokuphathwa kwezikhalazo usasebenza, kanti uMthetho Wokusebenza Ophoqelelwe we-EU, osebenza kusukela mhla ziyi-14 kuZibandlela 2027, wengeza umphumela osezingeni lomngcele ofinyelela wonke umthengisi ngaphandle kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungakanani umthengi.
Kubahlinzeki baseShayina, impendulo enengqondo akukhona ukuqagela ukuthi umfelandawonye waseJalimane uzoyiqeda kanjani inguquko yawo, kodwa ukwakha ifayela lobufakazi elihlanzekile nelihambisanayo elisebenza ngaphansi kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemithetho: amarekhodi efektri athembekile, okokufaka okulandelekayo, isiteshi sezikhalazo esifinyelelekayo kanye namadokhumenti okuthumela alandisa indaba efanayo kusukela ekulayisheni kuya ekulethweni. Izinkampani ezenza lokhu zizothola ukuhlolwa kwezimali kulula, ubudlelwano babathengi buzinzile kanye nokungenelela kwamasiko kungabizi kakhulu. Uma ungathanda usizo ngohlangothi lwezokuthutha lwalelo fayela, i-Topway Shipping ingasekela imithwalo yakho yolwandle ye-FCL kanye ne-LCL , indawo yokugcina impahla yaphesheya kwezilwandle, ukusulwa kwamasiko kanye nokulethwa kwemayela lokugcina ngamadokhumenti amakhasimende akho aseJalimane kanye neziphathimandla zaseYurophu ezingawalandela.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Q: Ingabe uMthetho Wokunikezela Ngempahla waseJalimane usasebenza?
A: Yebo. Imisebenzi ebalulekile yokucubungula isasebenza ezinkampanini ezimboziwe. Ukubuyekezwa kombiko wonyaka kuphela okumiswe ngokoqobo yi-BAFA kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2025, kanti isichibiyelo esasizowususa ngokusemthethweni futhi sinciphise umthetho sasisalindiwe ePhalamende kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2026.
U: Ingabe i-LkSG isebenza ngqo kubaphakeli baseShayina?
A: Cha, kuyambopha umthengi waseJalimane. Nokho, empeleni, abathengi badlulisela izidingo kubaphakeli ngemibuzo, izigaba zenkontileka, ukuhlolwa kwamabhuku kanye nezicelo zesenzo sokulungisa.
U: Ingabe umkhawulo ohleliwe wabasebenzi abangu-5,000 uzosusa izicelo zomhlinzeki?
A: Kungase kubanciphise abaphakeli abanamakhasimende aphakathi nendawo ezinkampanini zaseJalimane, kodwa amaqembu amakhulu ahlala ekhona futhi abathengi abaningi bazogcina izinhlelo zabo. Umthetho Wokusebenza Ngenkani we-EU usebenza nakuwo wonke umuntu kusukela ngomhlaka-14 Disemba 2027.
U: Yini okufanele umhlinzeki ayilungiselele kuqala?
A: Qala ngemibuzo eyodwa eqhubekayo, amarekhodi alungele ukuhlolwa ngamahora, amaholo, ukuhlolwa kweminyaka kanye nokuphepha, isiteshi sezikhalazo zabasebenzi kanye namadokhumenti okuthumela asebenzisa amagama ezinhlangano afanayo kulo lonke.
U: Ingabe umthengisi wezimpahla ungasiza ngalezi zidingo?
A: Ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa izimo zasefektri, kodwa ingagcina amarekhodi okuthunyelwa, amasiko kanye nezindawo zokugcina impahla enembile futhi efinyeleleka kalula. I-Topway Shipping isekela imithwalo ye-FCL kanye ne-LCL olwandle, indawo yokugcina impahla kwamanye amazwe, ukususwa kwempahla ye ...