Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu?

 

intshayelelo

“Ukuthunyelwa kwindlu ngendlu” ligama osenokuba ulivile xa uthenga okanye uthengisa izinto ngaphesheya kwemida. Ekuqaleni, kubonakala kulula: ukuqokelela iimpahla kwenye indlu uze uzishiye kwenye. Enyanisweni, le nkonzo idibanisa iinkqubo ezininzi zothutho, ababoneleli beenkonzo abaninzi, kunye namaphepha amaninzi kwisisombululo esinye esipheleleyo.

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu ngoku yeyona ndlela idumileyo kubathengisi be-e-commerce abanqumla imida, abathumeli abancinci nabaphakathi, kwaneevenkile ezinkulu zokusasaza iimpahla. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwenza izinto zibe lula. Usebenza neshishini elinye elisingatha yonke into ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni, endaweni yokuba ujongane nomthumeli wempahla, umthengisi werhafu, inkampani yezothutho, kunye neqabane lokuhambisa impahla elihamba ikhilomitha yokugqibela ngokwahlukeneyo.

Kodwa "ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu" kuqheleke kakhulu kangangokuba kunokuba nzima ukukuqonda. Ngaba kusoloko kubandakanya ukudlula kwiirhafu? Ngaba kwahlukile ukuba nantoni na isiwe kwidilesi yenkampani kunedilesi yasekhaya? Ihlawulwa njani irhafu kunye neerhafu? Kwaye yintoni umahluko phakathi kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu ngenqwelomoya, ngolwandle, okanye ngomxube wezi zinto zimbini?

Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu, indlela esebenza ngayo ebomini bokwenyani, zeziphi iindleko kunye neengozi ekufuneka uzazi, kunye nendlela ezihambelana ngayo nezinye iindlela zokuthunyelwa kwempahla. Okulandelayo, siza kuthetha ngendlela inkampani ekhethekileyo efana neTopway Shipping enokukunceda ngayo ukuseta isisombululo sendlu ngendlu kwishishini lakho esinokuthenjwa kwaye sikhule ngaso.

Kuthetha ukuthini ngokwenene ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu?

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kuthetha ukuba umboneleli wakho wezothutho unoxanduva lokufumana iimpahla zakho kwindawo yomthumeli (njengefektri yakho okanye indawo yokugcina impahla) ukuya kwidilesi yokugqibela yomthumeli (njengekhaya lomthengi wakho, indawo yakho yokugcina impahla ye-Amazon FBA, okanye iziko lakho lokusasaza impahla phesheya).

Umboneleli uyila aze alawule lonke uthotho endaweni yokuba wena ubeke inxalenye nganye ngokuzimeleyo. Elo thotho lidla ngokuquka ukuqokelela iphakheji, ukuphatha ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukuyithutha kwamanye amazwe, ukucoca irhafu yokungenisa, kunye nokuyihambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwimayile yokugqibela. Nangona kunjalo, umda ochanekileyo uxhomekeke kwisivumelwano senkonzo kunye ne-Incoterms kwisivumelwano sakho sokuthengisa.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba igama elithi “ukungena kwindlu ngendlu” ligama leshishini, hayi elisemthethweni. Umboneleli uhlala eqesha iinkampani zelori, iinqwelomoya, abathwali bolwandle, abarhwebi berhafu, okanye abathuthi beepasela ukuba benze iinxalenye zohambo. Usasebenza neqabane elinye kwaye ufumana iseti enye yamaxwebhu kunye neebhili kubo. Igama elithi “ukungena kwindlu ngendlu” libhekisa kumava apheleleyo, kungekhona ukuba ishishini elinye lenza yonke into.

Omnye umahluko kukuba ukutyelela indlu ngendlu kunokuba yindlela yokuthumela impahla ngokukhawuleza, egxile kwisantya kunye neepakeji ezincinci, okanye indlela yokuthumela impahla, egxile kwiipalethi nakwiikhonteyina. Kwi-e-commerce, zombini ezi ntlobo zenethiwekhi ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa ngaxeshanye. Umzekelo, iipakeji ezincinci zinokudlula kwiinethiwekhi zokuthumela impahla ngokukhawuleza okanye ngeposi, ngelixa iimpahla ezinkulu zokugcwalisa impahla zithunyelwa kwiikhonteyina ezipheleleyo kwiindawo zokugcina impahla phesheya kwaye emva koko zahlulwe ukuze zithunyelwe kuloo ndawo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo zeKhonkco loThutho oluvela emnyango ukuya emnyango

Inceda ukwahlulahlula uhambo oluya kwindlu ngendlu lube ziinxalenye zalo eziphambili ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda ngcono into oyihlawulelayo. Uninzi lweenkonzo luquka uluhlu lwezigaba ezifanayo nokuba ukhetha yiphi indlela okanye indlela yothutho.

Uhambo luqala xa umthumeli ekulanda. Isithuthi okanye iveni ithatha iibhokisi, iipalethi, okanye izikhongozeli kwisityalo sakho, kwindawo yokugcina impahla, okanye kwiziko lokudibanisa. Ababoneleli abalungileyo bacwangcisa ngononophelo iishedyuli zokuthathwa kwezinto ngokusekelwe kwishedyuli yakho yokwenziwa kwezinto, ixesha lokupakisha, kunye namaxesha okuphela amiselwe zizibuko okanye izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya. Kule ndawo, ukulebhelisha ngokuchanekileyo, uluhlu lokupakisha, kunye namaxwebhu okuthumela ngaphandle kuba iimpazamo apha zinokubangela ukulibaziseka kamva.

Emva kokuba ithathwe, imithwalo idla ngokuya kwindawo yasekhaya okanye kwindawo yokugcina impahla ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Apha, imithwalo ingadityaniswa neempahla ezivela kwabanye abathengi abaya kwilizwe elinye. Abantu banokutshintsha indlela ezibekwe ngayo iipalethi, bahlele iipakethe, okanye balayishe iikhonteyina. Kule ndawo, amaphepha eerhafu zokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe adla ngokwenziwa aze athunyelwe, ingakumbi kwiimpahla ezisuka eTshayina, apho izibhengezo ezichanekileyo zokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe kunye neekhowudi ze-HS zibaluleke kakhulu.

Isigaba sokuqala samazwe ngamazwe sesona sigaba sibalulekileyo. Singenziwa ngomoya, ngolwandle, ngololiwe, okanye ngomxube wezi zinto. Uloyiko lomoya ikhawuleza kwaye ibiza kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo zokuhambisa. Isetyenziselwa iimpahla ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha, ezixabisa kakhulu, okanye ezilula. Ukuthutha elwandle kuhamba kancinci, kodwa kunexabiso eliphantsi ngekhilogram, ingakumbi kwizinto ezinkulu okanye ezinzima. Iinkonzo zoololiwe kunye neendlela ezininzi ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa kwiindlela ezithile, kuquka ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eYurophu.

Xa ufika kwindawo oya kuyo, ukudlula kwiindleko zerhafu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukulungiselela nokungenisa izibhengezo zerhafu zerhafu, ukufumana amaxabiso kunye neerhafu, kunye nokusebenza nabasemagunyeni berhafu zezona zinto zidla ngokwenziwa yinkonzo yokungena kwindlu ngendlu. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisivumelwano sakho, umboneleli wezothutho unokuba ngumngenisi osemthethweni okanye akuncede okanye umthengi wakho ngalo msebenzi. Amaphepha afanelekileyo kunye nokulandela imithetho yendawo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kugqitywe kakuhle.

Okokugqibela, iphakheji ikwimayile yokugqibela. Kwiiphakheji ze-B2C, oku kudla ngokubandakanya ukuzinika inethiwekhi yeposi okanye yeepasela, njengenkonzo yeposi, inkampani ye-express yasekuhlaleni, okanye inkampani ekhethekileyo ekuhanjisweni kwe-e-commerce. Kwiimpahla ze-B2B okanye ze-FBA, kunokuthetha ukuba ilori izisa kwindawo yokugcina impahla, kwiziko lokuzalisekisa, okanye kwindawo yokusasaza umthengisi. Okwangoku, "umnyango" "kwindlu ngendlu" uvuliwe. Umthumeli uyasayina izinto okanye ziskenwe kwinkqubo yokufumana.

Iindlela Eziqhelekileyo Zokuthumela Umnyango Ngendlu Zithelekiswa

Ukungena kwindlu ngendlu akuyonto inye kuphela; liqela lezisombululo ezisebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokuhambisa izinto ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye nokuzihlanganisa zonke. Ukhetho lwakho luchaphazela iindleko zakho, ixesha lokuhamba, kunye neprofayili yomngcipheko.

Nantsi indlela elula yokujonga izisombululo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ngabathengisi nabathengi abangaphaya kwemida:

ifashoni	Ububanzi obuqhelekileyo bemithwalo	Inqanaba leendleko	Uluhlu lwexesha lokuhamba	Ifaneleke kakhulu
Umnyango ngendlu ngomoya	Iipasela, iibhokisi ezincinci, iipalethi ezingxamisekileyo	phezulu	Ukukhawuleza (iintsuku ezi-2–10, kuxhomekeke kwindlela)	Ukuqaliswa kwemveliso enexabiso eliphezulu, ehambelana nexesha,
Ukungena emnyango nomnyango nge-ocean FCL	Izikhongozeli ezipheleleyo (20'/40')	Phantsi kwiyunithi nganye	Icotha (iintsuku ezingama-20–45 nangaphezulu)	Ukuphinda kuzaliswe okuzinzileyo nomthamo ophezulu
Umnyango nomnyango nge-LCL yolwandle	Imithwalo efakwe iipalethi okanye ebhokisini phantsi kwesikhongozeli esipheleleyo	phakathi	Iphakathi ukuya kwi-cothayo (iintsuku ezingama-25–45 nangaphezulu)	Abathengi abakhulayo abangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe abakazalisi izikhongozeli okwangoku
Ipasela ekhawulezileyo yokungena emnyango nomnyango	Iipasela ezincinci, iisampulu, ukubuyiselwa	Iphezulu ngekg	Ukukhawuleza kakhulu (iintsuku ezi-1-7)	Ukuthunyelwa ngqo kumthengi, iisampulu zokuthunyelwa, iiodolo ezingxamisekileyo
Umoya oxutyiweyo–ulwandle okanye uloliwe	Ukuthunyelwa okuxutyiweyo okanye okucwangcisiweyo	Ukulungelelana	Ukulungelelana	Amaqhinga aguquguqukayo okukhawulezisa iindleko kuzo zonke ii-SKU

Kubomi bokwenyani, amashishini amaninzi asebenzisa umxube wezi ndlela. Umzekelo, umthengisi angakhetha i-ocean FCL yokungena kwindlu ngendlu kwiimpahla ezinkulu, umoya wokungena kwindlu ngendlu kwizinto zokuthengisa, kunye neepasela ezikhawulezayo zokutshintsha ezifuna ukuthunyelwa kwangoko. Umthengisi othembekileyo uya kujonga umxube wemveliso yakho, iindlela zokuthengisa, kunye noko abathengi bakho bafuna ukuza nako ngomxube ongcono.

Indlela Ukuthunyelwa Kweempahla Kwindlu Ngendlu Okusebenza Ngayo Inyathelo Ngenyathelo

Kukho umahluko othile phakathi kwendlela nganye kunye nomthengisi, kodwa amanyathelo okuhambisa impahla esuka kwindlu ngendlu ayafana kakhulu. Ukwazi ixesha elibekiweyo kwenza kube lula ukuthetha neqabane lakho lezothutho kunye nabathengi bakho.

Ukubhukisha nokulungisa imithwalo kudla ngokuba ngamanyathelo okuqala kwinkqubo. Unika iinkcukacha zokuthunyelwa ezifana nenani leebhokisi, ubungakanani bazo, ubunzima, iinkcazo zemveliso, iikhowudi ze-HS, kunye nedilesi apho izinto ziza kuthathwa khona. Umboneleli wakho ujonga ukuba kukho indawo na kwiinqwelomoya okanye kwiinqanawa ozifunayo, akuxelela imihla yokugqibela, aze aqinisekise amaxabiso. Kwangaxeshanye, wenza uluhlu lokupakisha, ii-invoyisi zorhwebo, kunye nawo nawaphi na amaxwebhu ofuna ukuwathumela okanye ukuwangenisa.

Ilori yasekuhlaleni iza kuwe ngemini yokuthatha impahla. Abaqhubi banokubala iipasela, kodwa badla ngokusebenzisa amaphepha akho ukuze bafumane ukuba kukho ntoni kuzo kunye nokuba zinobunzima obungakanani. Abathengisi abacwangcisiweyo kakuhle badla ngokubeka iibhakhowudi okanye iileyibhile zokuthumela kwiibhokisi kwangaphambili besebenzisa iqonga lezothutho. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuskena nokujonga iibhokisi kamva.

Nje ukuba umthwalo ufike kwindawo yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle, amanyathelo alandelayo kukuwudibanisa uze ulungiselele irhafu. Iipakethi zihlelwa ngokwelizwe ekuyiwa kulo kunye nenqanaba lenkonzo. Kwimithwalo yolwandle, iipalethi zinokuhlengahlengiswa ukuze kusetyenziswe kakuhle umthamo weekhonteyina. Emva koko, iqela leerhafu zomboneleli lisebenzisa amaphepha akho ukufaka izibhengezo zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle. Ukuba kukho into engacacanga, banokucela ulwazi oluthe kratya, kubandakanya neenkcazo zemveliso ezithile okanye ulwazi lophawu, ukuthintela ukuba kufuneke kuphendulwe imibuzo evela kwirhafu.

Okulandelayo linyathelo lamazwe ngamazwe, apho impahla yakho iphuma kwilizwe evela kulo ize isiya kwindawo oya kuyo. Kwimpahla yomoya, oku kunokuthetha iinqwelomoya ezithe ngqo okanye ezidibeneyo, mhlawumbi ngee-hubs zengingqi. Iikhonteyina zilayishwa kwiinqanawa zokuthutha impahla yolwandle kwaye zinokuhamba ngee-transshipment ports. Ngeli xesha, umboneleli wakho kufuneka akunike uhlaziyo olufana "nokuphuma kwempahla," "ukufika kwi-transit port," okanye "ulayishwe kwinqanawa." Bahlala bekwenza oku besebenzisa inkqubo yokubeka esweni kwi-intanethi.

Njengoko isikhongozeli sisondela kwindawo esiya kuyo, imithetho yokungenisa ibaluleka ngakumbi. Ukuze kukhawuleziswe inkqubo, umboneleli okanye iqabane lakhe lasekuhlaleni lidla ngokufaka izibhengezo zokungenisa impahla ngaphambi kokuba impahla ifike ngokwenene. Iirhafu kunye neerhafu zixhomekeke kwixabiso elichaziweyo, iikhowudi ze-HS, kunye nazo naziphi na iirhafu ezikhethekileyo okanye ukukhululwa okusebenzayo. Ukuba inkonzo yakho ibandakanya iirhafu ezihlawulelwayo kunye neerhafu (ezaziwa ngokuba ngamalungiselelo e-DDP-style), umboneleli unokukuhlawulela ezi zinto aze akuhlawulise.

Umthwalo uya kwinethiwekhi yokusasazwa kwempahla yasekuhlaleni emva kokukhululwa kwerhafu. Kwiipakeji ze-e-commerce ze-B2C, oku kunokuthetha ukuba zifakwe kwiinkqubo zeposi zasekhaya okanye ze-courier, apho zilandela khona iipatheni eziqhelekileyo zokuhambisa impahla. Kwimpahla ye-B2B okanye ye-FBA, iimpahla zinokuya ngqo kwindawo yokugcina impahla yokugqibela ngeepallet okanye kwiikhonteyina. Apho, kufuneka kulandelwe iinkqubo zokufumana idinga kunye nokukhupha impahla.

Ekugqibeleni, ukuhanjiswa kugqitywa emnyango womntu oyi-odoleyo. Utyikityo lwedijithali, iskeni, ifoto, okanye irisithi yephepha elitywiniweyo zonke zingaba bubungqina bokuhanjiswa. Okwangoku, isivumelwano somboneleli wakho wendlu ngendlu siyaphela, nangona kunjalo banokuqhubeka nokukunceda ngamabango okanye ukulandelela emva kokuthengiswa ukuba kukho into engahambanga kakuhle.

Ukuthunyelwa Kwendlu Ngendlu vs Ezinye Iintlobo Zeenkonzo

Uninzi lwabathumeli bempahla bayazazi izigama ezifana ne-port-to-port, door-to-port, okanye i-port-to-door, kodwa abazi ukuba zahluke njani kwindlu ngendlu. Utshintsho lufumaneka apho umsebenzi womboneleli uqala kwaye uphela khona.

Umboneleli kuphela unyamekela uxanduva oluphambili lwamazwe ngamazwe phakathi kwamazibuko amabini okanye izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya kwiinkonzo zokusuka kwelinye izibuko ukuya kwelinye. Wena okanye amaqabane akho asekuhlaleni kufuneka niphathe iilori kunye nerhafu kuzo zombini iindlela. Kwabangenisi abanamava abasele benobudlelwane obuhle nabaqhubi beelori kunye neenkampani zokuthengisa, oku kunokubagcina imali. Kodwa kwabangenisi abasaqalayo, kunokuba nzima.

Iinkonzo zokungena emnyango ukuya kwelinye izibuko zihlala zithatha iimpahla zakho kwindawo yokuqala zize zizithumele kwizibuko okanye kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya, apho umthengi wakho okanye iqela lendawo lithatha khona. Izibuko ukuya kwelinye lichasene noko: uthatha iimveliso uziyise kwizibuko lokuqala, kwaye umthengisi uzithatha ukusuka kwizibuko lokufika ukuya kwidilesi yendawo.

Ukungena kwindlu ngendlu yeyona modeli ipheleleyo kuba umthengisi unyamekela yonke imilenze ebalulekileyo yomzimba ukusuka emnyango wakho ukuya emnyango womthumeli. Le yeyona ntengiso ilungileyo kumashishini akhula ngokukhawuleza kwi-intanethi kuba inciphisa ixesha kunye nomgudu ofunekayo ukulungelelanisa izinto kwaye yenza ixabiso lilonke lokufika liqikeleleke ngakumbi. Ixabiso elisisiseko linokubonakala liphezulu kuneenkonzo ezilula kuba liquka iimbopheleleko ezongezelelweyo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukujonga ixabiso elipheleleyo, kungekuphela nje irhafu yokuthutha impahla.

Kukwakho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kunye neenkqubo zothutho eziqhutywa yimarike. Ungathumela impahla kwiindawo zokugcina impahla kwezinye iiplatifomu, ezifana neemarike ezinkulu ze-intanethi, uze usebenzise inethiwekhi yazo yokuzalisekisa ukuze uyifikelele kwinqanaba lokugqibela. Kwezi meko, inkonzo yakho yendlu ngendlu idla ngokugxila ekuhambiseni impahla kwindawo yokugcina impahla yemarike endaweni yabathengi ngabanye. Nangona kunjalo, ingcamango esisiseko isafana: inkonzo equka yonke into ukusuka kwindawo yokuqala ukuya "kumnyango" othile.

Iindleko, Ixesha, kunye neeNgxaki zoThutho oluya kwindlu ngendlu

Ixabiso lenkonzo yokungena indlu ngendlu lisenokubonakala ngathi linani elinye, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ixabiso. Ukuba uyazi ukuba zithetha ukuthini, ungenza ukhetho olukrelekrele kwaye uxoxisane ngcono.

Indlela yokuhamba yeyona nto ibonakalayo. Ixabiso lokuhamba ngenqwelo moya lixhomekeke kakhulu kubunzima obutshajiweyo, obunokuchaphazeleka bubunzima bokwenyani nobomthamo. I-Ocean FCL ijonga ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lwesikhongozeli, ngelixa i-LCL idla ngokuba nexabiso nge-cubic meter nganye kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokwemida yobunzima. Amaxabiso asekelwe kwindawo kunye nobunzima be-volumetric zibaluleke kakhulu kwiinethiwekhi zepakeji ezikhawulezayo.

Amaxabiso axhomekeke kwindlela kunye nexesha lonyaka. Iindleko zomoya kunye nolwandle zinokunyuka ngamaxesha axakekileyo afana neeholide zokuphela konyaka okanye imicimbi emikhulu yokuthenga. Ukuba kukho ithrafikhi eninzi kumazibuko okanye kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya, kunokufuneka uhlawule imali eyongezelelweyo. Iinkonzo zomnyango ngendlu zihlala ziquka ezi ndawo, kodwa umboneleli ofanelekileyo uya kukuxelela ukuba indlela ethile idla ngokuba nethrafikhi eninzi ngamaxesha athile onyaka.

Enye into ebalulekileyo yimirhumo enxulumene nemirhumo. Irhafu, imirhumo, kunye nemirhumo yemirhumo ixhomekeke kwiikhowudi ze-HS, iindidi zemveliso, kunye nemithetho kuloo ndawo. Kwiimodeli ezithile zokungena kwindlu ngendlu, umntu othumelayo uhlawula ezi ntlawulo, ngelixa kwezinye, umntu othumelayo uzihlawula kwangaphambili. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba ngokuchanekileyo. Iikhowudi ze-HS ezingalunganga okanye amanani angachazwanga kakuhle anokubangela ukulibaziseka, iintlawulo, okanye imirhumo engacwangciswanga.

Kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kwexesha kunye nomngcipheko. Iindlela ezikhawulezayo zinciphisa kancinci iimpahla kwezothutho kwaye zenza abathengi bonwabe ngakumbi, kodwa zinokubiza ngaphezulu. Iindlela ezicothayo zibiza kancinci ukuthunyelwa, kodwa zifuna ucwangciso olungcono kunye nokuqikelela kwangaphambili. Ababoneleli bendlu ngendlu bayakunceda ufumane ibhalansi efanelekileyo phakathi kwezi zinto zitshintshiselanayo ngokubonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo enkonzo kwaye bakunike iingcebiso ngemihla yokuphela kunye nemijikelo yoku-odola.

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kunokuba yingozi kuba izinto zinokulahleka, zonakale, zilibazise, ​​okanye zingalandeli imithetho. I-inshurensi yempahla inceda ekukhuseleni ixabiso lezinto, kodwa ukulandela imithetho kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Ukupakisha kakuhle, amaphepha achanekileyo, ukulebhelisha okukhuselekileyo, kunye nonxibelelwano olucacileyo nomboneleli wakho weenkonzo zonke ezi kunciphisa umngcipheko wobunzima.

Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Kwindlu Ngendlu Kuvakala Njani?

Kukho ezinye iindlela zokuthumela ngaphandle kokungena kwindlu ngendlu, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, lolona khetho lufanelekileyo.

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kudla ngokuba yindlela eqhelekileyo kubathengisi be-e-commerce abathumela impahla besuka eTshayina ukuya e-US, eYurophu, okanye kwezinye iimarike ezinkulu. Kuyaqondakala ukuqesha ingcali yokusingatha yonke inkqubo yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kuba abathengi bafuna ukuhanjiswa kwempahla okulula ukukulandelela kwaye kuba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kunzima kakhulu. Ikwavumela abathengisi ukuba bangene kwiimarike ezintsha ngaphandle kokuqesha amaqela apheleleyo e-logistics.

Ukuhanjiswa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kunokwenza kube lula kubathumeli abancinci nabaphakathi ukuba badibanise imithwalo evela kwiifektri ezininzi. Umboneleli angadibanisa imithwalo evela kubaboneleli abaninzi ibe yimpahla enye, acoce yonke into, aze ayithuthe yonke ngaphakathi elizweni. Oku kungcono kunokuhlela imithwalo eyahlukileyo evela kwifektri nganye kunye nokujongana nezithethe zamasiko nganye.

Ukungena kwindlu ngendlu kukwayinto enengqondo kumashishini afuna ukubona ukuba izinto ziya kubiza malini. Ungafumana iindleko zomhlaba kwaye ubeke amaxabiso ngokuchanekileyo xa udibanisa iilori, irhafu, kunye nempahla. Uninzi lwababoneleli banezixhobo ezikwi-intanethi okanye abaphathi beeakhawunti abanokukunceda ufumane ukuba ziya kubiza malini iirhafu, irhafu, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwi-SKU nganye okanye iodolo.

Kodwa abathumeli abakhulu kakhulu abanamaqela aqinileyo asekuhlaleni kunye noonxibelelwano olukhoyo neelori kunye nemithetho yelizwe banokukhetha imodeli exubileyo, apho iindlela ezithile zihamba ukusuka kwelinye izibuko ukuya kwelinye okanye kwelinye izibuko kwaye ezinye zihamba ukusuka kwelinye isango ukuya kwelinye. Ukhetho luhlala luxhomekeke ekubeni ungakanani na onokukwazi ukuwuthwala, ukuba ufuna ukwenza ntoni, kunye nokuba ungakanani na umngcipheko ozimisele ukuwuthatha.

Indlela iqabane eliyingcali elifana ngayo neTopway Shipping eyongeza ngayo ixabiso

Xa uthumela impahla usuka kwenye indlu uye kwenye, kukho izigaba ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo, ngoko ke umgangatho weqabane lakho lezothutho ubaluleke ngendlela efanayo nendlela yokuhambisa impahla. Umboneleli onolwazi oluninzi, uthungelwano oluqinileyo phesheya, kunye neenkqubo eziqinileyo unokwenza inkqubo enzima ibe yinjini ethembekileyo nenokukhuliswa kumbutho wakho.

Elinye iqabane elikhethekileyo yiTopway Shipping. Le nkampani ibisebenza kwizisombululo ze-e-commerce eziwela imida ukusukela ngo-2010, kwaye iofisi yayo ephambili iseShenzhen, eTshayina. Iqela eliyisunguli linamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 kwi-logistics yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwerhafu, ingakumbi phakathi kweTshayina kunye neendlela zoRhwebo zase-US, ezizezinye zezona zinzima nezilawulwa ngokuqatha.

Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo ngokusebenza nenkampani efana neTopway Shipping kukuba baphatha lonke uthotho lwezinto ezifunekayo ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni. ITopway ayiphathi nje inxalenye enye yenkqubo. Badala izisombululo ezidibeneyo eziquka uthutho lokuqala oluvela kwimizi-mveliso nakwiindawo zokugcina impahla eTshayina, phesheya kwezilwandle. ukugcina kwiimarike ekujoliswe kuzo, iinkonzo zobungcali zokucoca imithwalo, kunye nokuhanjiswa okuthembekileyo kwabathumeli bokugqibela.

I-Topway inikezela ngeenkonzo eziguquguqukayo zomthwalo we-full-container (FCL) kunye nomthwalo we-less-than-container (LCL) wokuthutha ulwandle ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kumazibuko aphambili kwihlabathi liphela. Olu tshintsho luvumela amashishini akwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zokukhula ukuba akhethe eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kubo. Abangenisi abatsha okanye abaphakathi bangaqala ngezisombululo ze-LCL zokungena emnyango nomnyango, kwaye njengoko befikelela kwizambuku eziphezulu, abathengi abakhulu banokutshintshela kwi-FCL ngeendleko eziphantsi ngeyunithi nganye.

Kwakhona, ukugxila kweTopway kwi-e-commerce enqumla imida kuthetha ukuba iinkonzo zayo zenzelwe ukuhambelana neemfuno zamashishini akwi-intanethi. Oko kuthetha ukwazi oko kufunwa yiqonga, ukujongana nolindelo lokuhanjiswa, ukubonelela ngeendlela zokuthumela ezinokulandelwa, kunye nokunceda ngembuyekezo kunye nokubuyisela izinto kwakhona. I-Topway inceda amashishini ukuba agcine abathengi bonwabile ngelixa igcina iindleko ziphantsi ngokuqinisekisa ukuba uyilo lwezothutho luyahambelana neemfuno ze-e-commerce.

Iinkampani ezifuna ukungena kwiimarike ezintsha okanye ukwenza iitshaneli zazo zangoku zithembeke ngakumbi zinokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko kunye nomsebenzi wazo ngokusebenza nomthengisi onamava ohamba ngendlu ngendlu ofana neTopway Shipping. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba udale izakhono ezinzima zokuhambisa izinto ngaphakathi; endaweni yoko, ungaqesha iqela elisele lijongene nemiqathango yerhafu, uthungelwano lwabathwali, kunye neengxaki zokusebenza kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

isiphelo

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu akupheleli nje ekubeni ligama lokuthengisa elinomtsalane. Licebo elipheleleyo lezothutho elidibanisa indawo oqala kuyo nomnyango womthengi wakho ngokusebenzisa uthotho lweenkonzo olucwangcisiweyo ngononophelo, olufana nokuqokelela, ukuhlanganisa, ukucubungula ukuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe, uthutho lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukususwa kwempahla engeniswayo, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla ekugqibeleni.

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kunceda kakhulu abathengisi abenza ishishini ngaphesheya kwemida kunye nabangenisi abasakhasayo. Kwenza izinto zibe lula ngokudibanisa ababoneleli abaninzi kwindawo enye yokunxibelelana, kwenza iindleko zicace ngakumbi ngokudibanisa iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo zibe luqikelelo olunye, kwaye kuvumela ukukhula okunokwandiswa kwiimarike ezintsha ngaphandle kokufuna amaqela amakhulu othutho lwangaphakathi.

Kwangaxeshanye, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka emnyango ukuya emnyango akulunganga kuye wonke umntu. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthumela impahla, ezifana nomoya, i-ocean FCL, kunye ne-ocean LCL, zonke zineengenelo kunye neengxaki zazo xa kufikwa kwisantya kunye neendleko. Imithetho yerhafu, imisebenzi, kunye neerhafu zahlukile kakhulu ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye kwaye ukusuka kuhlobo olunye lwemveliso ukuya kwelinye. Oku kuchaphazela ixabiso kunye noyilo lwenkonzo. Amashishini kufuneka azi ezi zinto kwaye akhethe iqabane elinokuzisingatha ukuze afumane okuninzi ekuthunyelweni kwendlu ngendlu.

Kulapho iinkampani zobungcali ezifana neTopway Shipping zigqama khona ngokwenene. Zinesiseko esiqinileyo eShenzhen, iqela elisungula elinamava ekuthuthweni kwempahla kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nokususwa kwempahla, kwaye ligxile kwi-China-US Topway inokuyila kwaye iphumeze izisombululo zokungena kwindlu ngendlu ezisebenzisana nenyani ye-e-commerce yanamhlanje yeendlela zorhwebo eziphambili kunye nezinye. Iinkonzo zabo zigubungela lonke uthotho, ukusuka ekuthuthweni kokuqala kunye nokugcinwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ukuya ekususweni kwempahla, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle kwi-FCL kunye ne-LCL, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla yokugqibela.

Xa ufumana iqabane elifanelekileyo kunye nemodeli yenkonzo efanelekileyo, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kuba yinto engaphezulu nje kokhetho lwezothutho; kuba yinto ebalulekileyo. Ikuvumela ukuba ugxile kwiimveliso zakho, uphawu, kunye nonxibelelwano lwabathengi ngelixa umqolo wakho wezothutho uqhagamshela inkampani yakho ngokuzolileyo nangokuthembekileyo kubathengi kwihlabathi liphela.

FAQs

Q: Yintoni kanye kanye equkiweyo kwinkonzo eqhelekileyo yokuthumela impahla kwindlu ngendlu?
A: Inkonzo eqhelekileyo yokungena kwindlu ngendlu ithatha iphakheji kwidilesi yokuqala, iyise kwindawo yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle kweli lizwe, ijongane namasiko okuthumela impahla ngaphandle, ibe linyathelo eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe ngomoya, ngolwandle, okanye ngezinye iindlela, ihlawula amasiko okungenisa impahla kwilizwe ekuyiwa kulo, ize iyithumele emnyango womthumeli. Ababoneleli kunye neekhontrakthi ezahlukeneyo zinokuba neenkcazo ezahlukeneyo "zobubanzi," ngoko ke kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba iirhafu, irhafu, kunye umthengisi wamasiko zifakiwe okanye zihlawuliswa ngokwahlukeneyo.

Q: Ngaba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kusoloko kuyindlela engcono kakhulu kubathumeli kunye nabathengisi be-e-commerce?
A: Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka emnyango ukuya emnyango kudla ngokuba lolona khetho lulula, ingakumbi kubathumeli abancinci ukuya kwabaphakathi kunye nabathengisi be-e-commerce abathengisa ngaphaya kwemida kwaye bengenazo iiyunithi zabo zothutho okanye zerhafu. Kodwa kwiindlela ezithile, amashishini amakhulu kakhulu aneenethiwekhi zasekuhlaleni ezizinzileyo ngamanye amaxesha anokukhetha i-port-to-port okanye amalungiselelo axutyiweyo. Isisombululo esifanelekileyo sixhomekeke ekubeni uthumela malini, yintoni inkampani yakho enokuyenza, kunye nokuba ufuna ulawulo olungakanani kwicandelo ngalinye lekhonkco lezothutho.

Q: Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu kwahluke njani kwiinkonzo zokuthumela impahla ngokukhawuleza?
A: Iinkonzo ze-Express courier zihlala zilungiselelwe iipakeji ezincinci kunye namaxwebhu, kwaye zigxila kwisantya ngokusebenzisa iinethiwekhi eziqhagamshelweyo kwaye zinamaxabiso kunye neenkqubo ezimiselweyo. Kwelinye icala, ukuthunyelwa kwendlu ngendlu kunokusingatha uluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo zemithwalo, njengeepallet kunye neekhonteyina, kwaye kunokusebenzisa ngaphezulu kwesinye isithwali kunye nendlela yokuthutha. I-Express luhlobo lokuthunyelwa kwendlu ngendlu oluthe ngqo ngakumbi. Xa abantu bethetha ngokuthunyelwa kwendlu ngendlu kwimeko yokuthunyelwa kwempahla, bahlala bethetha izisombululo ezilungiselelwe ngakumbi, ezigxile kwimpahla.

Q: Loluphi ulwazi ekufuneka ndilunike ukuze ndifumane isicatshulwa esichanekileyo sendlu ngendlu?
A: Ukuze ufumane isicatshulwa esithembekileyo, kufuneka unike inkampani yokuthumela imithwalo inkcazo yemveliso kunye neekhowudi ze-HS, inani leebhokisi okanye iipalethi, ubukhulu kunye nobunzima, iidilesi zokuthathwa kunye nokuhanjiswa, indlela yokuthutha oyifunayo (umoya, i-FCL yolwandle, i-LCL yolwandle, njl.njl.), kunye nazo naziphi na iimfuno ezikhethekileyo ezifana nolawulo lobushushu okanye ixesha lokugqibela lokuhanjiswa. Iqabane lakho lezothutho linokufumana iindleko kwaye lithintele iingxaki zerhafu ukuba ulinika amaxabiso achanekileyo achazwe, uluhlu oluchanekileyo lokupakisha, kunye nolwazi oluchanekileyo loqhagamshelwano lomthumeli kunye nomthumeli.

Q: Irhafu kunye neerhafu ziphathwa njani xa kuthuthwa impahla kwindlu ngendlu?
A: Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokusingatha irhafu kunye neerhafu. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu othumela impahla uyabahlawula xa befika okanye xa bekhupha impahla. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu othumela impahla okanye umboneleli wezothutho uyabahlawula kwangaphambili, ngokuqhelekileyo njengenxalenye yenkonzo yeDelivered Duty Payed. Xa ucela ixabiso lokungena kwindlu ngendlu, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ukuba liquka na irhafu kunye neerhafu, kunye nendlela ezo mali eziza kufunyanwa ngayo kwaye zihlawuliswe ngayo. Ukuba cacileyo apha kususa iifizi ezingalindelekanga kunye nokuhanjiswa emva kwexesha.

Q: Kutheni ndifanele ndicinge ngomboneleli ofana neTopway Shipping wezisombululo zokungena emnyango nomnyango ezivela eTshayina?
A: Inkampani efana neTopway Shipping inamava amaninzi kwi-e-commerce kunye ne-logistics ezivela eTshayina. Bakwanobuchule kakhulu ekususeni imithwalo kunye nokuthumela iimpahla kwamanye amazwe. I-Topway inokukunceda wenze izisombululo ezinokuthenjwa, ezinokwandiswa ukusuka emnyango ukuya kwindlu ezihambelana neenjongo zakho zokukhula kunye neemarike ekujoliswe kuzo. Banikezela ngeenkonzo ezidibeneyo zothutho lokuqala, ukugcinwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle kwi-FCL kunye ne-LCL, iinkqubo zerhafu, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla ekugqibeleni. Ngolu hlobo lweqabane, ungagxila ekuthengiseni nasekuphuhliseni imveliso ngelixa benyamekela uthotho lwakho lwempahla ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni.