Masu Sayar da FBA na Amazon: Yadda ake jigilar kaya daga China kai tsaye zuwa rumbunan ajiya na Tacoma
Gabatarwa
Samun kayayyaki zuwa rumbunan ajiya na Amurka cikin sauri yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwa kuma galibi mafi wahala ga 'yan kasuwar Amazon FBA waɗanda ke siyan kaya daga China. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Los Angeles da Long Beach galibi suna jan hankalin kowa, amma Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tacoma da ke Jihar Washington tana zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun wurare don jigilar kayayyaki ta West Coast FBA.
Tacoma tana cikin yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Pacific kuma tana da damar shiga kai tsaye zuwa cibiyoyin samar da kayayyaki na Amazon a yankin Seattle/Kent (musamman lambar FC SEA6) da kuma maƙwabtan Pacific Northwest. Tana da ƙarancin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa fiye da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Kudancin California. Idan mai samar da kayayyaki yana cikin lardin Guangdong, Zhejiang, ko Fujian kuma jigilar kayayyaki na Amazon ɗinku za ta je Pacific Northwest FCs, shiga ta Tacoma zai iya ceton ku lokaci, kuɗi, da wahala mai yawa.
Wannan koyaswar tana gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani, tun daga yadda za ku zaɓi mafi kyawun hanyar jigilar kaya da kuma tattara kayanku don su cika ƙa'idodin FBA, zuwa yadda za ku wuce ta kwastam ɗin Amurka a Tacoma kuma ku kai kayanku ta ƙofar rumbun ajiya ba tare da an juya muku baya ba.
Dalilin da yasa Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Tacoma Take Da Ma'ana Ga Masu Sayar da FBA
Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tacoma da Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Seattle suna gudanar da ƙungiyar Northwest Seaport Alliance (NWSA) tare. Su ne ta huɗu mafi girma a tashar jiragen ruwa ta kwantena a Yammacin Tekun Amurka. Fa'idodin dabarun suna da amfani ga masu siyar da Amazon FBA.
Da farko, yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 14 zuwa 18 kafin kayayyaki su tashi daga manyan tashoshin fitar da kayayyaki na China (Shenzhen, Ningbo, Shanghai) zuwa Tacoma. Wannan kusan iri ɗaya ne da Los Angeles, amma akwai ƙarancin damar cunkoson tashoshin jiragen ruwa. Idan aka kwatanta da shekarun farko na annobar, raguwar tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Yammacin Tekun ya inganta a cikin 2024-2025, wanda ya sa Tacoma ta zama zaɓi mafi aminci. Na biyu, tashar jiragen ruwan tana da nisan mil 30 zuwa 35 kawai daga cibiyar cika SEA6 ta Amazon da ke Kent, Washington, wanda ke rage farashi da lokacin da manyan motoci ke ɗauka don isa tashar jiragen ruwa. Ga masu siyarwa waɗanda aka aika kayansu zuwa Pacific Northwest FCs, wannan kusancin yana da fa'ida ta gaske.
Seattle/Tacoma babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ce ta shiga jigilar FBA zuwa Yammacin Tekun. Lambobin cibiyar cikawa SEA6 (Kent, WA) da PDX9 (Troutdale, OR) misalai ne na lambobin da aka ware wa wannan yanki. Idan tsarin Amazon ya ba ku Northwest FC, Tacoma ita ce mafi kyawun ƙofar shiga.
Zaɓan Hanyar jigilar kaya daidai
Ba duk hanyoyin jigilar kaya iri ɗaya suke aiki da FBA ba. Zaɓinka ya dogara ne akan yawan kayan da kake da su, yadda kake buƙatar su da sauri, da kuma adadin kuɗin da kake da su. Ga kwatancen mai amfani:
| shipping Hanyar | Lokacin Sufuri (China → Tacoma) | Mafi kyawun | Kudaden da aka kiyasta |
|---|---|---|---|
| Farashin FCL Ocean | 14-18 kwanaki | Manyan girma (kwantena na ƙafa 20/ƙafa 40) | $1,200-$2,500 kowace ganga |
| Farashin LCL Ocean | 18-25 kwanaki | Ƙananan juzu'i matsakaici (1–15 CBM) | $80- $120 a kowane CBM |
| Jirgin Kaya | 5-8 kwanaki | Kayan gaggawa, mai tsada, mai ƙarancin nauyi | $5-9 a kowace kg |
| Mai aikawa (DHL/UPS/FedEx) | 3-5 kwanaki | Ƙananan umarni na gwaji a ƙarƙashin 100 kg | $8-15 a kowace kg |
Ga yawancin masu siyar da FBA waɗanda ke buƙatar sake dawo da kaya akai-akai, LCL sufurin teku shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don matsakaicin adadi, yayin da FCL shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don adadi mai yawa saboda yana da ƙarancin farashi ga kowace CBM. Ana amfani da jigilar jiragen sama da jigilar kaya ne kawai don dawo da kaya cikin sauri ko ƙaddamar da sabbin samfura lokacin da isa ga ma'ajiyar FBA da sauri ya fi mahimmanci fiye da farashin kowane naúrar.
Abu ɗaya mai muhimmanci da za a yi tunani a kai shi ne, ga jigilar kaya a ƙarƙashin 1 CBM, LCL tare da sabis na ƙarshe na musamman ita ce hanya mafi sassauƙa da inganci don isar da kaya; ga jigilar kaya tsakanin 1 zuwa 5 CBM, jigilar kaya ta teku mai haɗin kai ita ce mafi kyawun ma'auni na farashi da lokacin jigilar kaya; kuma ga jigilar kaya sama da 5 CBM, cikakken FCL ita ce hanya mafi arha don aika su.
Mataki-mataki: Daga Masana'antar China zuwa Tacoma FBA Warehouse
Akwai matakai da dama da ake ɗauka wajen ɗaukar kayayyakinku daga masana'antar China zuwa cibiyar samar da kayayyaki ta Amazon. Idan ba ku da su duka, za a iya jinkirta jigilar kayayyaki, a hana su, ko a caji ƙarin kuɗi.
Mataki na 1: Ƙirƙiri Tsarin Jigilar Kaya na FBA a Cibiyar Seller
Shiga cikin Amazon Seller Central kuma ka yi shirin jigilar kaya kafin ka shirya ko ka aika da wani abu. Wannan yana ba wa mai aika maka da adireshin FC da za ka je da kuma lakabin akwatin FBA da suke buƙata. Kada ka fara tattarawa har sai ka sami waɗannan lakabin. Amazon ba zai karɓi duk wani jigilar kaya da ya zo da takardu da suka ɓace ko ba daidai ba.
Wani shawara mai amfani ita ce idan ka ba wa wani mai samar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin adireshin lokacin da kake tsara shirinka, kana da kwanaki 75 don aika shi zuwa Amazon. Idan ka ba da adireshin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Amurka, dole ne kayayyakin su isa rumbun ajiyar kayayyaki na FBA cikin kwanaki 45. Idan kana jigilar kaya ta jirgin ruwa daga Tacoma, ya fi aminci ka yi amfani da adireshin mai samar da kayayyaki a matsayin wurin farawa.
Mataki na 2: Tabbatar da cewa an yi amfani da marufi da lakabin FBA yadda ya kamata
Babu wani wuri na tattaunawa idan ana maganar ƙa'idodin tattara kaya na Amazon. Kowane abu dole ne ya kasance yana da lambar sirri ta FNSKU, kuma kowane kwali na waje dole ne ya kasance yana da alamar jigilar kaya ta Amazon wanda yake da sauƙin karantawa da kuma duba. Kwali yana buƙatar ya zama mai ƙarfi kuma ba ya wuce inci 25 ba, wanda shine iyakar girman Amazon. A bisa ga ƙa'idodin Amazon, dole ne a yi amfani da kayan da suka yi nauyi ko kuma suka yi girma sosai a fenti su.
Mai jigilar kaya ko cibiyar shirya kaya ta wasu kamfanoni na iya kula da sanya alama, sanya jaka mai yawa, naɗe kumfa, da shirya kwalaye a gare ku. Idan kuna samun kaya daga masu samar da kayayyaki fiye da ɗaya, yana da kyau a sa su duka su je wurin shirya kaya iri ɗaya a China kafin a ɗora kaya. Wannan zai adana muku kuɗi akan sufuri kuma ya tabbatar da cewa kowa yana bin ƙa'idodi iri ɗaya.
Mataki na 3: Zaɓi Sharuɗɗan Jigilar DDP
DDP (An biya kuɗin da aka biya) ita ce mafi kyawun ma'aunin da ba a biya ba ga masu siyar da kayayyaki na FBA. Mai jigilar kaya zai kula da sanarwar fitar da kaya zuwa China, ya yi rajistar jigilar kaya a teku, ya share kwastam a Amurka a Tacoma, ya biya harajin kwastam, sannan ya kai kayan zuwa ma'ajiyar kayan Amazon. Za ku biya farashi ɗaya kuma ku jira a tabbatar da cewa an karɓi kayan.
Idan ka zaɓi DAP (An kawo shi a wurin), za ka ɗauki alhakin kwastam da ayyukan haraji lokacin da kunshin ya iso. Wannan na iya zama tsari mai rikitarwa ga masu siyarwa waɗanda ba su da kamfani ko dillalin kwastam na Amurka. lambaZaɓin sabis na DDP yana sauƙaƙa abubuwa sosai, amma yana iya zama mafi tsada a gaba.
Mataki na 4: Takardar izinin kwastam ta Amurka a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tacoma
Idan kwantenan ku ya isa Tacoma, dillalin kwastan ku (ko mai tura kaya a matsayin dillali) zai shigar da takardar shigo da kaya daga Hukumar Kwastam da Kare Kan Iyakoki ta Amurka. Kuna buƙatar shirya takardu masu zuwa:
| Takardun | Nufa |
|---|---|
| Rasitan Kasuwanci | Yana bayyana ƙimar kaya da kwatance |
| Jerin Tattarawa | Yana lissafa adadin kwali, nauyi, girma |
| Dokar Lading (B/L) | Tabbacin jigilar teku |
| Shigar da ISF (10+2) | An shigar da ƙara awanni 24 kafin jirgin ruwan ya tashi daga China |
| Sanarwa Zuwa | An bayar da shi ta hanyar layin jirgin ruwa na tururi lokacin da jirgin ya isa |
Wata doka mai matuƙar muhimmanci amma wani lokacin ana watsi da ita ita ce, bisa ga dokar kwastam ta Amurka, dole ne kayayyakin, marufinsu, da kuma kwalin waje su haɗa da alamar ƙasar da aka samo asali. Idan kwastam ta duba kayan kuma ba ta ga alamar "An yi a China" ba, dole ne a sake sanya musu suna, wanda zai kashe kuɗi mai yawa.
Mataki na 5: Jirgin Saman Karshe zuwa Amazon FC
Bayan kayanka sun gama kwastam, sai a saka su a cikin babbar mota sannan a kai su cibiyar da ta dace ta Amazon. Daga Tacoma, wannan yawanci yana buƙatar ɗan gajeren tafiya zuwa wurin ɗaukar kaya, inda ake mayar da kwantena masu cike da bene zuwa fale-falen gida. Bayan haka, FC za ta karɓi jigilar kaya ta hanyar alƙawarin LTL ko FTL.
Don jigilar LTL da FTL, kamfanin jigilar kaya naka yana buƙatar saita lokacin isarwa ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta Amazon's Carrier Central. Idan ba ku yi haka ba, za a mayar da fakitin a ƙofar shiga. A matsayin wani ɓangare na sabis na DDP, mai jigilar kaya naka ya kamata ya yi muku wannan alƙawarin.
Kudin Shiga na Amazon na 2024–2025: Abin da Ya Canja Kuma Menene Ma'anarsa a Gare Ku
Sauye-sauye a cikin kuɗin sabis na sanya kayan shiga na Amazon a farkon 2024 sun canza yadda ake rarraba kaya a duk wuraren da ake cika kaya. Sabbin kuɗaɗen suna ba masu siyarwa ƙarin kuɗi idan suka bar Amazon ya yaɗa kayansu a cikin rumbunan ajiya da yawa. Idan suka zaɓi aika duk kayansu zuwa rumbun ajiya ɗaya kawai, za su biya ƙarin.
A zahiri, wannan yana nufin cewa aika jigilar kaya ta Tacoma zuwa wani Pacific Northwest FC sannan amfani da wurin da aka rarraba na Amazon na iya rage jimlar kuɗin saukar ku. Masu siyarwa waɗanda ke jigilar kaya daga China na iya son amfani da ayyukan rarrabawa waɗanda ke watsa kayansu tsakanin rumbunan ajiya a Yammacin da Gabashin Tekun. Wannan zai iya taimaka musu su adana kuɗi akan canja wurin nesa da kuɗin sanyawa.
Idan kana aika kayayyaki da yawa ta Tacoma, yi magana da mai aika kayanka game da ko ya fi arha a raba jigilar kaya tsakanin ƙungiyar Pacific Northwest FC da FC ta biyu (ta tashar jiragen ruwa daban kamar LA/LB) akan kowace raka'a.
Kurakuran da Masu Sayar da FBA ke Yi (da kuma Yadda Ake Guje Su)
Har ma masu sayar da kayayyaki waɗanda suka daɗe suna yin hakan suna yin kurakurai waɗanda ke ɓata musu kuɗi idan suka yi jigilar kaya daga China. Waɗanda suka fi yawa a hanyar China zuwa Tacoma sune
Dalilin da ya fi yawan jawo hankalin jigilar kaya ta FBA ko kuma jinkirta su a tashar jiragen ruwa shi ne saboda alamun FNSKU ba daidai ba ne ko kuma babu su. Dole ne alamun su kasance masu sauƙin dubawa, a haɗa su da kowane naúra, kuma ba a ɓoye su da tef ko marufi ba. Kafin a rufe akwatin, tabbatar da cewa mai samar da kaya ko wurin shiryawa ya tabbatar da inda alamun za su je.
Wata matsala da aka saba fuskanta ita ce rage darajar kayayyaki a kan takardar lissafin kasuwanci. Idan ba ka cike fom ɗin kwastam ɗinka daidai ko kuma a daidai ƙimar ba, za a iya daure ka a kan kwastam, a ci ka tara, ko ma a hana ka har abada. Tabbatar cewa bayanan da ke cikin takardar lissafin kasuwancinka, jerin kayan da aka tattara, da kuma tsarin jigilar kaya na Amazon daidai ne kuma iri ɗaya ne.
A mafi yawan lokuta, masu siyarwa suna mantawa da wa'adin ISF (Importer Security Filing). Dole ne ku aika da wannan takaddun zuwa ga Kwastam na Amurka aƙalla awanni 24 kafin jirgin ya bar China, ba lokacin da ya isa Tacoma ba. Idan kun rasa wannan ranar, za a iya ci ku tarar har zuwa $5,000 akan kowane jigilar kaya.
A ƙarshe, yawancin masu siyarwa ba sa la'akari da ƙarin lokaci a cikin dabarun kaya. Jinkirin da ba a zata ba kamar cunkoson tashoshin jiragen ruwa, soke tashi, ko duba kwastam na iya dakatar da tsarin sake adana kayayyaki. Kullum a bar matashin kai na kwanaki 10 zuwa 15 kuma a kula da jigilar kaya sosai.
Yadda Jigilar Kaya ta Topway ke Sauƙaƙa Hanyar Daga China zuwa Tacoma
Yana da wuya a sarrafa jigilar kayayyaki ta ƙasashen duniya da kanka. Yin aiki tare da mai jigilar kaya wanda ya san abubuwa da yawa game da FBA zai iya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ku a cikin wannan yanayin.
Kamfanin Topway Shipping, wanda ke da hedikwata a Shenzhen, China, ya kasance ƙwararren mai samar da mafita kan harkokin sufuri ta intanet tsakanin ƙasashen biyu tun daga shekarar 2010. Kamfanin Topway Shipping yana mai da hankali sosai kan hanyar sufuri ta China da Amurka, musamman hanyar China zuwa Tacoma. Ƙungiyar da ta kafa kamfanin tana da fiye da shekaru 15 na ƙwarewa a fannin jigilar kayayyaki da kwastam na ƙasashen duniya.
Ayyukan Topway sun shafi dukkan sarkar sufuri, tun daga ɗaukar kaya daga masana'anta zuwa marufi da kuma sanya musu suna bisa ga ƙa'idodin FBA, bayyana su ga kwastam don fitarwa, jigilar su ta teku (duka FCL da LCL), share su ta hanyar kwastam na Amurka a Tacoma, jigilar su, jigilar kaya, da kuma kai su kai tsaye zuwa cibiyar cikawa ta Amazon da aka keɓe muku. Suna da mafita masu araha don cikakkun kwantena masu ƙafa 40 da rabin kaya na CBM 3, don haka kuna iya jigilar duk abin da kuke buƙata.
Jirgin Sama na Topway yana sauƙaƙa wa masu siyar da kayayyaki na Amazon hanyar daga China zuwa Tacoma ta hanyar kula da dukkan cikakkun bayanai. Ta wannan hanyar, zaku iya mai da hankali kan abin da ke da mahimmanci: haɓaka kasuwancin ku na Amazon.
Kammalawa
Jigilar kaya daga China kai tsaye zuwa rumbunan ajiyar kayayyaki na Amazon FBA ta Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Tacoma hanya ce mai ma'ana amma ba a amfani da ita sosai ga masu siyar da FBA waɗanda ke son isa cibiyoyin cika kayayyakin abinci na Pacific Northwest. Tacoma hakika tana gogayya da manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Kudancin California tunda tana da gajerun hanyoyin jigilar kaya, ƙarancin cunkoso a tashar jiragen ruwa, kuma tana kusa da Amazon FCs kamar SEA6 a Kent.
Samun cikakkun bayanai daidai shine mabuɗin sa ya yi aiki. Wannan yana nufin sanya alama a kan kaya ta hanyar da ta dace da ƙa'idodin FBA kafin su bar China, cike takaddun kwastam da ake buƙata, amfani da sharuɗɗan jigilar kaya na DDP, da kuma ɗaukar mai jigilar kaya wanda ya san yadda ake tsara tarurrukan jigilar kaya da kuma magance ƙa'idodin shiga Amazon da ke canzawa koyaushe. Kuna iya rage kuɗaɗen da kuke kashewa, hanzarta lokacin jagora, da kuma kiyaye kayan Amazon ɗinku lafiya da riba idan kun yi aiki tare da abokin hulɗar jigilar kaya da ya dace kuma ku tsara gaba.
FAQs
T: Har yaushe jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Tacoma ke ɗaukar lokaci?
A: Lokacin da ake ɗauka don tafiya daga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na China kamar Shenzhen, Ningbo, ko Shanghai zuwa Amurka yawanci yana tsakanin kwanaki 14 zuwa 18. Don izinin kwastam da jigilar kaya zuwa FC, ƙara kwanaki 3 zuwa 5. Don haka, yi shirin kwanaki 18 zuwa 25 daga ƙofar masana'anta zuwa rajistar ajiya ta Amazon.
T: Shin ina buƙatar kamfanin Amurka don shigo da kayayyaki ta Tacoma?
A: A'a. Yawancin masu sayar da kayayyaki na FBA a ƙasashen waje suna amfani da na'urar jigilar kaya don kawo kayansu, kuma ana kiran wannan mutumin da Mai Shigo da Rijista (IOR). Wannan sabis ne na yau da kullun wanda ke zuwa tare da yawancin yarjejeniyar jigilar kayayyaki ta DDP.
T: Zan iya jigilar kaya kai tsaye zuwa Amazon FBA ba tare da cibiyar shiryawa ba?
A: Eh, matuƙar mai samar da kayayyaki na ƙasar Sin ya sanya duk alamun FNSKU, alamun kwali, da kuma alamun ƙasar da aka yi wa lakabin "An yi a China". Yin amfani da cibiyar shiryawa ta ɓangare na uku, ko dai a China ko kusa da Tacoma, yana ba da wurin duba inganci wanda ke rage yiwuwar ƙin amincewa sosai.
T: Menene bambanci tsakanin FCL da LCL don jigilar kaya na FBA?
A: FCL (Cikakken Nauyin Kwantena) yana nufin ka ajiye akwati gaba ɗaya, yawanci na'urar ƙafa 20 ko ƙafa 40, don kanka kawai. LCL yana nufin "Ƙasa da Nauyin Kwantena," wanda ke nufin cewa an sanya jigilar ku a cikin akwati da aka raba tare da kayayyaki daga wasu masu jigilar kaya. FCL ya fi rahusa ga CBM ga manyan jigilar kaya, yayin da LCL ya fi sassauƙa kuma yana da araha ga ƙananan jigilar kaya.
T: Me zai faru idan Amazon ta ƙi jigilar kayata a cibiyar biyan kuɗi?
A: Yawanci, ana mayar da fakitin da aka ƙi zuwa ga mai ɗaukar kaya ko kuma a ajiye su a wani wuri da ke kusa da kuɗin ku. Wasu dalilan ƙi su ne lakabin da ba daidai ba, rashin kwanakin isarwa, marufi mara kyau, ko jigilar kaya zuwa FC mara daidai. Hanya mafi kyau don gujewa hakan ita ce yin aiki da mai tura kaya wanda ya san abin da Amazon ke buƙata kuma yana da ƙwarewa sosai.
