Izinin Motar Kaya Masu Girma da Nauyi a Amurka: Jagora Mai Amfani
Gabatarwa
Kwasar kaya daga wani wuri a Amurka zuwa wani ba kasafai yake da sauƙi kamar ɗaukar akwati da aika babbar mota ba. Idan kayan suka wuce iyakokin doka na faɗi, tsayi, tsayi ko nauyi, to dukkan jigilar kaya ta faɗi ƙarƙashin wasu ƙa'idodi daban-daban - na DOTs na jihohi 50 daban-daban, ƙa'idodin matakin gundumomi, ƙa'idodin birni, buƙatun rakiya, iyakokin hutu da dabarun gadoji. Masu shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje, masu fitar da kaya, manajojin ayyuka da masu siyar da kaya ta intanet na ƙetare iyaka, fahimtar wannan sashe ba daidai ba yana ɗaya daga cikin kurakurai mafi tsada a cikin jigilar kayayyaki na ƙasashen duniya. Rashin samun izini, rashin hanyar da aka amince da ita ko ɗaukar nauyin abin hawa da fam 1,000 sama da iyakar axle na iya haifar da tara, kwace abin hawa, jinkiri mai tsada har ma da damuwar inshora.
Wannan littafin ya bayyana yadda izinin yin amfani da manyan kaya/kiba (OS/OW) ya yi aiki a Amurka a shekarar 2026 - ƙuntatawa ta tarayya, bambance-bambancen jihohi, nau'ikan izini, kuɗaɗen shiga, ƙa'idodin rakiya, kurakurai na yau da kullun da kuma yadda ake tsara manyan kaya na jihohi da yawa yadda ya kamata. An ƙirƙira shi ne ga masu jigilar kaya da masu siyan kaya waɗanda ke buƙatar ainihin bayanai, waɗanda za a iya aiwatarwa, ba bisa ƙa'ida ba.
Idan kana shigo da kaya zuwa Amurka ta hanyar amfani da Topway Shipping, ko don jigilar kaya ta teku ta FCL, jigilar kaya ta tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa ƙofa, ko jigilar kaya ta Amurka da warewa, ƙa'idodin OS/OW da ke ƙasa za su shafi farashin sauka da lokacin jigilar kaya kai tsaye. An ƙirƙiri wannan jagorar kan abin da muke yi kowace rana canja wurin kaya daga China zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa a faɗin Amurka da kuma jigilar su zuwa cikin ƙasa ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta jirgin ruwa da rumbun adana kaya a duk faɗin ƙasar.
Iyakokin Shari'a na Tarayya: Tushen
Hukumar Kula da Manyan Hanyoyi ta Tarayya (FHWA) ta kafa ƙa'idojin nauyi da girma na asali ga Tsarin Ƙasa na Manyan Hanyoyi na Jihohi da Tsaro. Waɗannan su ne ƙa'idodin da ke yanke shawara ko kaya "na doka" ne ko kuma kuna buƙatar izinin OS/OW. Ƙa'idodin tarayya su ne mafi ƙanƙanta - kowace jiha za ta iya zama mai sassauci a kan hanyoyin jiharsu, amma a kan Manyan Hanyoyi, waɗannan alkaluma suna aiki.
Idan haɗin motarka/tirelar da kake ɗauka ya wuce ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan iyakokin, za ka buƙaci izinin jiha a kowace jiha da motar za ta bi ta. Izini ya shafi hurumi; babu wani izinin "ƙasa" mai girma ɗaya a Amurka.
| Girma / Weight | Iyakar Shari'a ta Tarayya (Tafiyar Jiha) | Ana Bukatar Izini Idan An Wuce |
| nisa | 8 ft 6 a (102 in) | Eh - Izinin Girma na Jiha |
| Height | 13 ƙafa 6 inci zuwa 14 ƙafa 6 inci (jiha-kafa) | Eh - Izinin Girma na Jiha |
| Tsawon (rabin tirela) | 48–53 ƙafa (jiha-jiha) | Eh - Izinin Girma na Jiha |
| Nauyin Axle Guda Ɗaya | 20,000 lbs | Ee - Izinin Kiba Mai Yawa |
| Nauyin Axle na Tandem | 34,000 lbs | Ee - Izinin Kiba Mai Yawa |
| Babban Nauyin Mota (GVW) | 80,000 lbs | Ee - Izinin Kiba Mai Yawa |
Akwai wasu hanyoyi guda biyu na tarayya da suka tsara abin da ya halatta da abin da ba ya halatta. Na farko shine Tsarin Gadar Tarayya. Wannan yana iyakance nauyin da ake ɗauka a kan gatari a jere don kare gadoji. Na biyu shine Dokar Taimakon Sufuri ta Sama (STAA). Wannan yana kiyaye damar shiga cikin masu ɗaukar kaya a Cibiyar Sadarwa ta Ƙasa. A zahiri, wannan yana nufin ƙafa 53 mai rabin da aka ɗora zuwa daidai nauyin fam 80,000 GVW shine alamar "halatta" ga yawancin motocin busassun kaya na cikin gida da kuma motsin kwantena na yau da kullun. Duk wani abu da ke sama da wannan, gami da manyan kwantena na teku da yawa daga Asiya, yana buƙatar izinin OW.
Bayyana Girman da Yawa vs Nauyi da Nauyi Mai Kyau
Ana amfani da waɗannan nau'ikan guda uku a madadin juna, kodayake suna haifar da izini daban-daban, buƙatun rakiya daban-daban, da kuma biyan kuɗi daban-daban. Mataki na farko don yin ambaton canjin OS/OW daidai shine a sami harshen da ya dace.
Nauyin da ya wuce kima
Nauyin da ya wuce girman kaya shine duk wani kaya da ya wuce akalla ɗaya daga cikin iyakokin girman - faɗin da ya wuce ƙafa 8 da inci 6, tsayi da ya wuce iyakar jihar (yawancin jihohi suna rufe ƙafa 13 da inci 6 ko ƙafa 14 da inci 6) ko tsayi da ya wuce ƙafa 53 ga motar tirela ta yau da kullun. Kayan da aka fi ɗauka sun haɗa da ruwan injinan iska, kayan gini da aka riga aka ƙera, manyan injina da katako masu tsayi. Dalilin da ya fi yawan amfani da kayan shine faɗinsa.
Nauyin da ya wuce kima
Nauyin nauyi mai yawa shine wanda ya wuce iyakokin nauyi na tarayya ko jiha, wanda zai iya zama jimlar iyaka ta 80,000 lb, iyaka ta 20,000 lb, iyaka ta tandem-axle mai lb 34,000 lb, ko dabarar gada wacce ta bambanta daga jiha zuwa jiha. Sau da yawa, haka lamarin yake ga jigilar kaya daga teku mai nauyi daga Asiya. Kwantena mai tsawon ƙafa 40 cike da kayayyaki masu nauyi (na'urorin ƙarfe, tayal na yumbu, batura, wasu injina) na iya tura haɗin GVW sama da fam 80,000 cikin sauƙi tare da nauyin chassis da tarakta.
Ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin da suka fi addabar masu shigo da kaya: kwantena da aka halatta a kan teku ta zama "mai nauyi" da zarar ta hau kan chassis a kan hanyoyin Amurka. Ƙungiyar ayyukan Topway Shipping tana ba da tutoci ga waɗannan kwantena kafin jirgin ya iso, don haka zubar da ruwa yana ba da damar - ko sake rarraba kwantena tsakanin tireloli biyu - za a iya daidaita shi a gaba, maimakon a gano shi a ƙofar tashar.
Super lodi
Nauyin kaya masu yawa sune nauyin OS/OW da ya wuce iyakar nauyin kaya na kowace jiha. Ma'anoni sun bambanta, misali, Texas tana ɗaukar nauyin GVW sama da lbs 200,000 ko kuma girman da ya wuce kima a matsayin babban kaya, Colorado tana da nata rarrabuwar "Babi na 6 na Musamman". Nauyin kaya masu yawa galibi suna buƙatar kimanta hanya ta injiniya, binciken hanya na yau da kullun, nazarin tsarin gadoji, rakiyar 'yan sanda, da jinkirin sarrafa makonni ɗaya zuwa uku. Kuɗaɗen izini suna ƙaruwa sosai kuma ya kamata a koyaushe a farashi kuma a tsara jigilar kaya masu kyau tare da ingantaccen ma'auni.
Nau'in Izini: Zaɓar Wanda Ya Dace
Jihohi suna ba da izini iri-iri na izinin OS/OW. Zaɓin nau'in izinin da ya dace ba wai kawai batun takarda ba ne, yana da tasiri kai tsaye kan farashin kowane motsi, lokacin jagora da kuma iyakokin da suka shafi motarka.
| Nau'in Izini | Mafi Amfani Don | tushe |
| Izinin Tafiya Ɗaya | Motsi sau ɗaya na kaya marar rabawa a kan wata hanya da aka ƙayyade. Mafi yawan amfani da shi ga kayan aiki da kuma manyan injuna guda ɗaya. | 3-7 kwanaki na hali |
| Izinin Shekara-shekara / Bargo | Masu jigilar kaya suna tafiya a layi ɗaya akai-akai (misali, OW mai kwantena na yau da kullun yana motsawa daga tashar jiragen ruwa). Babban tanadi don aikin OSOW na yau da kullun. | 12 watanni |
| Izinin Superload | Nauyin da ya wuce ƙa'idodin jihar da suka wuce kima. Sau da yawa yana buƙatar sake duba injiniya, binciken hanya, da kuma nazarin gada. | Tafiya ta musamman |
| Izinin Akwati Mai Rufewa | Kwantena masu nauyi na teku daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Yammacin Tekun (misali, LA/LB) inda za a iya ba wa masu jigilar kaya izinin wuce gona da iri na GVW a cikin wani tsari da aka ƙayyade. | Shekara-shekara ko tafiya |
| Izinin Ba da Kai | Littattafan izini da aka riga aka saya waɗanda kamfanonin jigilar kaya suka amince da su (misali, gidaje da aka ƙera, masu jigilar kaya na noma). | Ga kowane littafi na 10 |
Ga mai jigilar kaya wanda ke da cunkoson shigo da kaya akai-akai, izinin shekara-shekara ko na bargo a kan layukan da ke cike da cunkoso ya fi rahusa. Don kwatantawa, Izinin Jirgin Ruwa na Kamfanin Colorado shine $3,000 ga motoci 2-10 na farko kuma izinin shekara-shekara ga kowace mota shine $250-$400. Matsakaicin lokacin hutu yawanci yana kusan tafiye-tafiye 8-15 ga kowace babbar mota a kowace shekara idan aka kwatanta da $15-$45 a kowace tafiya guda ɗaya. Izinin shekara-shekara kusan koyaushe shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don jigilar kaya mai yawa daga LA/LB, NY/NJ, Savannah ko Houston.
Takaitaccen Bayani kan Kudin Jiha-da-Jiha
Ga taƙaitaccen bayani game da farashin izini na yau da kullun a manyan hukumomin jigilar kaya na Amurka. Waɗannan su ne farashin tushe - ainihin farashin zai bambanta dangane da yawan shekaru, tsawon hanya, buƙatun rakiya, ƙarin gunduma ko birni da kuma ko kayan ku ya shiga shingen kaya mai nauyi.
| Jihar | Izinin Tafiya Ɗaya (Kudin Tushe) | Ƙarin Kuɗi / Kudin Nisa | Babban Matakin Lodawa (Mai Sananne) |
| Texas (TX) | Kimanin. $ 60 | $0.12 a kowace mil + $25 a kowace ƙafa sama da faɗin ƙafa 14 | Jimlar kuɗi > 200,000 lbs |
| California (CA) | $16 tafiya ɗaya; $90 a shekara | Izinin bambance-bambancen don faɗin ƙafa 15 / tsayin ƙafa 17 | > Faɗin ƙafa 15 / > Tsawon ƙafa 17 / > Tsawon ƙafa 135 |
| Florida (FL) | Kimanin. $ 35 | $0.15/mil + ƙarin fa'ida sama da ƙafa 12 da inci 6 | Jimlar kuɗi > 199,999 lbs |
| Colorado (CO) | $15 (babban girma) | +$5 a kowace gatari idan kiba ta yi yawa | Babi na 6 / kowane hali (>200,000 lbs) |
| North Carolina (NC) | Kimanin. $ 12 | Karin kuɗi don hanyar jirgin sama / masu rakiya | Jimlar kuɗi > 132,000 lbs |
| Tennessee (TN) | Daga $ 20 | Ƙarin abubuwa ta hanyar nauyi fiye da doka + nisan | > lbs 120,000 (bitar shari'a) |
| Missouri (MO) | Daga $ 15 | Mai canzawa ta girman, nauyi, hanya | Jimlar kuɗi > 160,000 lbs |
| Arizona (AZ) | Daga $ 15 | Dangane da girma da nisa | Jimlar kuɗi > 250,000 lbs |
| South Dakota (SD) | Littafin mutum ɗaya na $25 / Littafin mutum ɗaya na $200 | $0.02 a kowace tan-mile sama da fam 40,000 (axle 2) | Jimlar kuɗi > 150,000 lbs |
Babban jigilar kaya na jihohi da yawa kusan koyaushe yana buƙatar biyan kuɗin izini da yawa, ɗaya ga kowace jiha. Motar da ke ɗauke da kwantena mai kiba daga Long Beach, CA zuwa Chicago, IL yawanci tana buƙatar izini a CA, AZ, NM, TX (ko wani hanyar zirga-zirga), OK, MO, da IL. Kowace jiha tana da nata tsarin aikace-aikacen, lokacin jagora da ƙuntatawa na hanya. Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan fannoni na aiki tare da ƙwararren mai jigilar kaya maimakon yin izini a cikin gida - ƙwararre yana share dukkan hanyar a lokaci guda maimakon a jere.
Motocin Rakiya, Tutoci, da Kayan Aikin Tsaro
A yawancin jihohin Amurka, duk lokacin da kaya ya kai wani faɗi, tsayi ko tsayi, kuna buƙatar motar matukin jirgi/mai rakiya. Motocin rakiya suna gargaɗin sauran direbobi, suna canza layin kafin lokaci, suna sanar da direban babbar mota game da zirga-zirgar da ke shigowa a kusurwoyi da kuma dakatar da zirga-zirga inda ya cancanta. Ga kayayyaki masu faɗi ko manyan kaya, ana iya buƙatar masu rakiya masu lasisi na jami'an tsaro, tare da mayar da kuɗin ga mai ɗaukar kaya (ko mai jigilar kaya).
| Girman Load | Bukatar Rakiya ta Al'ada | Notes |
| Faɗin ƙafa 10–12 | Rakiya 1 (baya ko gaba) | Jihohi da yawa - manyan hanyoyi masu layi biyu |
| Faɗin ƙafa 12–14 | Masu rakiya 1–2 | Gaba + baya akan hanyoyi masu layi biyu |
| Faɗi > ƙafa 14 | Masu rakiya 2 + 'yan sanda masu yuwuwa | Wasu jihohi suna buƙatar jami'an tsaro |
| Tsawo > ƙafa 14 inci 6 | Mai rakiya mai tsayi | Duba izinin gada / waya |
| Tsawon > ƙafa 100 | Masu rakiya 1–2 | Yawancin jihohi ne ke buƙata |
| Babban kaya | 'Yan sanda + masu rakiya masu takardar sheda 2+ | Ana buƙatar sake duba injiniya yawanci |
Idan ana tafiya da daddare, idan an yarda, kusan dukkan kayan aiki na OS/OW dole ne su nuna tutoci masu launin rawaya da baƙi "OVERSIZE LOAD" ko "WIDE LOAD" a gaba da baya, tutocin ja ko lemu masu inci 18 a kowane kusurwar "faɗi" na kayan, da kuma fitilun amber a kowane matsayi na tuta. Jihohi suna da ƙa'idodi daban-daban don mafi ƙarancin girma - idan kun wuce jihohi da yawa, koyaushe ku shirya don matsakaicin girman da ake buƙata don cikakken hanyar. Wannan zai hana ku yin rashin bin ƙa'ida da zarar motar ta ketare layin jiha.
Takaddun Tafiya: Kwanaki, Awa, da Hutu
Kayan aiki na OS/OW ba sa motsi awanni 24 a rana. Yawancin jihohi suna iyakance manyan motsi zuwa awannin hasken rana kawai, galibi daga mintuna 30 kafin fitowar alfijir zuwa mintuna 30 bayan faɗuwar rana, don rage haɗarin haɗari. Hakanan, jihohi da yawa ba sa barin manyan sufuri a ƙarshen mako, hutun tarayya da ranar da ta gabaci manyan bukukuwa kamar Ranar Tunawa, Ranar 'Yanci, Ranar Ma'aikata, Godiya, Kirsimeti da Sabuwar Shekara.
Baya ga ƙa'idojin doka, garuruwa da gundumomi na iya sanya nasu haramcin sa'o'in gaggawa, haramcin makarantu a yankunansu, da kuma takunkumin shiga cikin gari. Birnin New York, Chicago da Los Angeles suna da tsauri musamman. Wannan shine ɗayan dalilan da suka fi yawan sa jigilar kaya ta OS/OW - motar na iya zama doka a kan hanya ta kowace fuska, amma idan ta jira a ajiye ta a ranar Juma'a da yamma zuwa Litinin da safe tana jiran lokacin hutu ya tashi, kamfanin jirgin har yanzu yana tuhumar tsarewa.
Binciken Hanya da Tsarin Gadar Tarayya
Jihohi suna buƙatar binciken hanya kafin a sami izinin ɗaukar kaya masu yawa da kuma manyan jigilar kaya masu yawa. Binciken hanya zai tabbatar da cewa gadoji a kan hanyar za su iya ɗaukar nauyin da aka ɗora, tsattsagewar tsaye a kowace wucewa ta fi tsayin kaya, radius na juyawa a mahadar hanya na iya ba da damar tirela, kuma babu wani yanki na gini da ke buƙatar motar ta bar hanyar da aka amince da ita. Mai ɗaukar kaya, mai samar da binciken hanya na ɓangare na uku ko a wasu yanayi injiniyoyin DOT na jihar za su iya gudanar da binciken.
Tsarin Gadar Tarayya ya cancanci tattaunawa daban. Ko da nauyin kayanka bai kai fam 80,000 ba, har yanzu ana iya haramta shi idan nauyin ya taru a kan ƙananan gatari ko kuma axles ɗin sun yi kusa da juna. Wannan dabarar tana ba da matsakaicin nauyin da aka yarda a kan kowane saitin gatari biyu ko fiye a jere bisa ga tazara. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake jan nauyin OW masu yawa a kan tireloli masu yawa. Da yawan gatari, da yawan nauyin da aka rarraba, kuma nauyin ya koma ga tsarin gadar, kuma wani lokacin ma yana guje wa buƙatar izinin OW gaba ɗaya.
Farashin Gaske: Fiye da Kudin Izini
Farashin izinin da kansa ba kasafai yake zama babban abin da ke haifar da tsada ba. Masu jigilar kaya waɗanda kawai ke yin kasafin kuɗi don kuɗin izinin jiha koyaushe suna rage ƙimar kuɗin ƙaura. Jimlar kuɗin ƙaura na OS/OW gabaɗaya ya haɗa da kuɗin izinin jiha, izinin gunduma da birni idan ya dace, bitar injiniya da kuɗin nazarin gadoji don manyan kaya, farashin binciken hanya, kuɗin rakiyar 'yan sanda inda ake buƙata, hayar tirela na musamman (masu-axle da yawa, ƙananan yara, ko waɗanda za a iya tsawaitawa), ƙaruwar amfani da mai, da kuɗin tsarewa ko dakatarwa idan ƙuntatawa na tafiya suna buƙatar tsayawa na dare. Farashin motar rakiya a kowace awa yawanci $75-$150/awa ga kowane rakiya.
Mafi kyawun matakin shiri ga mai shigo da kaya shine ya sami cikakken farashin sauka wanda ya haɗa da duk waɗannan, kafin yin rajistar kayan. Wannan jimlar farashin (jigilar kaya ta teku, izinin kwastam na Amurka, jigilar kaya tare da izinin OW mai dacewa, ajiyar ajiya na zaɓi, isar da mil na ƙarshe) shine ainihin abin da Topway Shipping ke yi don tabbatar da cewa masu shigo da kaya ba su firgita da farashin rakiya ko manyan kaya ba da zarar an riga an aika da kwantenar.
Kurakurai da Aka Saba Yi Wa Lalacewa
Irin waɗannan kurakurai suna ci gaba da bayyana akai-akai bayan shekaru da yawa na jigilar kaya da manyan kaya zuwa Amurka. Na farko shine ɗaukar izinin a matsayin tunani bayan haka, tsara jigilar kaya a teku, sannan a lokacin isarwa gano buƙatar izinin OW da chassis mai yawa wanda ba a samu nan take ba. Na biyu shine lasisin tafiya ɗaya don tashoshi waɗanda zasu tallafawa izinin shekara-shekara, suna kashe ninki 5-10 fiye da shekara guda na jigilar kaya.
Na uku kuma kuskuren fahimta ne cewa kaya ya fi girma idan aka raba shi zuwa manyan kaya guda biyu - abin da ƙa'idodin suka ayyana kaya "mai rarrabawa". Yawanci ba a bayar da izini ga kayan da za a iya rabawa ba kuma za a ƙi yunƙurin ba da izini ɗaya. Na huɗu, ƙetare izinin gundumomi da birni a matakin ƙarshe na isarwa, musamman a biranen tashar jiragen ruwa da yankunan birane masu cunkoso. Kuma na biyar, kuma mafi tsada, shine ɗauka cewa izinin da aka bayar a wata jiha yana da kyau a wata jiha. Kowace jiha tana da ikon mallaka.
Yadda Jirgin Sama na Topway ke Kula da Kaya na OS/OW Daga Ƙarshe zuwa Ƙarshe
Tun daga shekarar 2010, Topway Shipping tana bayar da mafita kan harkokin kasuwanci ta intanet da ayyukan da suka shafi ayyukan daga Shenzhen. Ƙungiyar da ta kafa kamfanin tana da fiye da shekaru 15 na gogewa a fannin sufuri da ayyukan kwastam na duniya. Ayyukanmu sun haɗa da dukkan sassan sufuri: asalin China, jigilar kaya ta teku (FCL da LCL) daga China zuwa manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a duniya, share kwastam, ajiyar kaya ta Amurka, jigilar kaya ta ruwa da kuma isar da kayayyaki ta mil na ƙarshe.
A ɓangaren sufuri, ba wai kawai mu masu jigilar kaya ne a teku ba, mu masu jigilar kaya ne tare da namu hanyar sadarwa ta jigilar kaya da adana kaya ta Amurka a duk manyan yankuna na Amurka. Wannan yana nufin idan kwantena ta isa LA/Long Beach, NY/NJ, Savannah, Houston, Seattle, ko duk wani babban tashar jiragen ruwa ta Amurka, za mu iya sarrafa fitar da ruwa tare da izini da kayan aiki da suka dace, mu tura kwantena zuwa ɗaya daga cikin rumbunan ajiyarmu don ajiya, jigilar kaya ko ɗaukar kaya, da kuma kula da jigilar kaya a cikin ƙasa - gami da lodin OS/OW idan ya zama dole - duk a ƙarƙashin ƙungiya ɗaya ta aiki.
Muna taimaka wa masu shigo da kaya masu nauyi ko manyan kaya daga China - injunan masana'antu, kayan aikin hasken rana, batirin EV, kayan gini, manyan kayan daki - muna tsara nauyin a ma'ajiyar kayan asali don kwantena kada su isa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Amurka da suka makale a cikin OW limbo, kuma muna samun izinin jiha da ya dace kafin motar ta bar tashar. Sakamakon ba shi da mamaki, ƙarancin lokacin jigilar kaya da kuma maki ɗaya na lamba daga samarwa a China zuwa adireshin isar da kaya na ƙarshe a Amurka.
Kammalawa
An raba girman kaya da kiba a Amurka, jihohi daban-daban, kuma suna cike da yanayi na musamman - amma kuma yana da sauƙin yi idan aka shirya shi kafin lokaci. Masu jigilar kaya waɗanda ke da gasa a kan farashi da lokacin sufuri su ne masu jigilar kaya waɗanda ke ɗaukar izini a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin jigilar kaya na asali, ba wani tsari na ƙarshe a tashar jiragen ruwa ba. Fahimtar tushen tarayya, sanin lokacin da za a yi amfani da lasisin tafiya ɗaya ko na shekara-shekara, tsara shiri na gaskiya don masu rakiya da nazarin hanya da bin ƙa'idodin hutu da hasken rana zai rage yawancin abubuwan mamaki da ke addabar masu shigo da kaya na OS/OW.
Ga masu jigilar kaya da ke jigilar manyan kaya ko manyan kaya daga China zuwa Amurka, yin aiki tare da mai jigilar kaya wanda zai iya sarrafa jigilar kaya ta teku, jigilar kaya, ajiyar kaya da jigilar kaya ta cikin gida a ƙarƙashin rufin gida ɗaya yana kawar da gibin da ke tsakanin waɗanda ke da shakku game da izini. Topway Shipping yana yin hakan ne kawai - ɗaukar kaya daga China, jigilar kaya ta teku ta FCL/LCL, share kwastam ta Amurka, jigilar kaya ta OS/OW, ɗaukar kaya ta cikin gida a duk faɗin ƙasar, da jigilar kaya ta mil na ƙarshe. Kwantena masu nauyi, jigilar kaya ko hanyoyin OW na maimaitawa daga China zuwa Amurka? Za mu iya shirya ƙaura don a kula da izinin kafin kayanku su bar masana'anta.
FAQs
T: Shin ina buƙatar izinin tarayya na manyan girma/kiba mai yawa a Amurka?
A: A'a. Babu izinin aiki na ƙasa a Amurka. FHWA ta kafa ƙa'idojin nauyi da girma na asali amma kowace izini DOT ce ke bayar da ita. Shigewa daga jihohi da yawa yana buƙatar izini kowace jiha.
T: Menene matsakaicin nauyin doka na babbar mota a manyan biranen Amurka?
A: Nauyin babban motar dakon kaya mai nauyin fam 80,000, aksali guda ɗaya mai nauyin fam 20,000, aksali tandem mai nauyin fam 34,000, Tsarin Gadar Tarayya ya shafi. Izinin da aka bayar na kiba ya fi kowanne daga cikin abubuwan da ke sama.
T: Har yaushe ake ɗauka kafin a sami izinin OS/OW?
A: Ana bayar da izinin tafiya ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 1 zuwa 3 na kasuwanci. Wasu izinin ɗaukar kaya masu yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar binciken injiniya ko na hanya na iya ɗaukar makonni 1-3. Koyaushe a haɗa da lokacin jagora a jadawalin jigilar kaya.
T: Shin ana buƙatar motocin rakiya koyaushe?
A: A'a. Bukatun rakiya sun bambanta dangane da faɗin, tsayi, tsayi da yanayin kayan. A yawancin jihohi, ana buƙatar rakiya ne kawai ga motocin da suka fi faɗin ƙafa 10-12. Babban kaya kusan koyaushe yana buƙatar rakiya da yawa, wani lokacin kuma 'yan sanda ne ke rakiya.
T: Za a iya sanya kwantenar China guda ɗaya a matsayin wadda ta yi kiba a Amurka?
A: Eh — sau da yawa. Ƙara nauyin chassis da tarakta kuma kwantena mai cike da ruwa mai tsawon ƙafa 40 zai iya wuce jimlar GVW na fam 80,000 cikin sauƙi. Dole ne a tsara wannan tun daga farko don guje wa jinkirin fitar ruwa.
T: Shin Topway Shipping yana kula da jigilar kaya da adana kaya na Amurka ban da jigilar kaya a teku?
A: Eh. Mu cikakken kamfanin jigilar kaya ne mai jigilar kaya na FCL da LCL Ocean Freight daga China, da kuma manyan motocin Drayage, OS/OW da rumbunan ajiya a faɗin Amurka. Za mu iya kula da jigilar kaya daga ƙofa zuwa ƙofa (tare da lasisin da ya dace) kafin a kawo kwantenar.
